【总结】高考英语从句总结 5页

名师精编欢迎下载英语中六大从句用法总结1.主语从句1）主语从句可直接位于主语的位置，假如从句较长，谓语又较短，可用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末；常见的句型有：*Itisafactapityaquestiongoodnewsthat...*Itseemsappearshappenedhasturnedoutthat...*Itisclearimportantlikelypossiblethat...*Itissaidreportedestimatedhasbeenprovedthat...Itissaidthatcomicbookscreateaconnectionbetweenpeopleofthesamegeneration.Itseemsthattheperformanceisveryuseful.2)what引导的主语从句表示“.的..Whatwelackisexperience.东西时”，一般不用it作形式主语；2)what,who,when,why,whether等词含有各自的疑问意义，但它们引导的主语从句，都用陈述语序；Howtheplanistobecarriedoutshouldbediscussedagain.IdidknowwhyIfeltlikecrying.2.宾语从句1）宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后；连词that常可省略；介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从句；inthat〔由于〕,exceptthat〔除了〕,butthat〔只是）已构成固定搭配，其他介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句；*IpromisedthatIwouldchangethesituation.*AllthisisdifferentfromwhatAmericanyoungpeoplewouldsayaboutfriendship.*Heiscertainthatwatchingsomuchtelevisionisnotgoodforchildren.*Thisarticleiswell-writtenexceptthatitisabittoolong.2〕宾语从句后如有宾补，要用形式宾语it来代替，而把宾语从句移至宾补之后；Hehasmadeitclearthathewouldnotchangehismind.3〕在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词后的宾语从句中，假如谓语是否定的，一般将否定词移至主句谓语上，宾语从句就变成确定形式；Hedidn'tthinkthatthemoneywaswellspent.3.表语从句表语从句显现在结构为“主语+系动词+表语从句”的句子中；表语从句除可用that,what,when,why,whether,how等引导外，仍可由because,asif〔though〕等引导；that常可省略；如主句主语为reason,只能用that引导表语从句，不行用because.PerhapsthemostimportantthingtorememberisthatthereisnoonecommontypeoflifeinAmerica.n名师精编欢迎下载Thereasonwhysomanypeoplediedthereisthattherewerenotenoughfoodsupplies.Itlooksasifsuccessfulinternationalculturalcommunicationwillmaketheworldsmaller.4.同位语从句同位语从句用于对前面显现的名词作进一步说明，一般用连词that引导，由于先行名词的意义不同，也可用whether,who,when,where,what,why,how等引导；常见的先行名词有fact,idea,belief,news,hope,conclusion,evidence,suggestion,order,problem,report,decision.有时由于谓语较短，将同位语从句位于谓语之后；Shefinallymadethedecisionthatshewouldjointhefashionshow.IhadnoideahowmanybooksIcouldborrowatatime.Thenewscamethattheirteamhadwonthechampionship.5.定语从句定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词或代词，也可以是一个句子；定语从句通常位于先行词之后，由关系代词或关系副词引导；*限制性定语从句限制性定语从句修饰先行词，对先行词起修饰作用，紧接先行词之后，无逗号，如省去，原句意思不完整；引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等；who,whom,whose用于指人，whose有时也可指物，相当于ofwhich；which用于指物；that既可指人也可指物，但只用于限制性定语从句中；关系代词除了引导定语从句，替代先行词外，仍在从句中担任主语、宾语、定语等；ThecomputersandcableswhichmakeuptheInternetareownedbypeopleandorganizations.Thosewholivealoneorwhoaresickmayhavetroubleingettingclosetootherpeople.Thegirlwhoseparentsdiedinanaccidentislivingwithhergrandmother.1〕当先行词是all,anything,everything,something,nothing等不定代词或先行词前有first,last,any,few,much,some,no,only以及形容词最高级修饰时，只能用关系代词that引导从句；ThatisallthatI'veheardfromhim.n名师精编欢迎下载He'sthefirstpersonthatI'mgoingtointerviewthisafternoon.2〕关系代词的省略在从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略；关系代词紧跟介词，作介词宾语时不行用that，只可用which或whom引导从句，并且不行省略，但当介词位于宾语从句句末时，作为介词宾语的关系代词仍可用that，也可省略；Thisisoneofthosethingswithwhichwehavetoputup.Thisisoneofthosethings〔whichthat〕wehavetoputupwith.3〕引导定语从句的关系副词有when,where,why等；关系副词在从句中作状语，意义上相当于一个“介词+which”的结构；Evenincomicbookswhere〔=inwhich〕therearenowords,thestoriesarefullyexpressedthroughthedrawings.Nooneknowsthereasonwhy〔=forwhich〕hewassoangrythatday.5.定语从句*非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句既可修饰先行词，也可修饰整个主句，起补充说明作用，与主句之间有逗号隔开，如省去，原句意思不受影响；不行用that引导非限制性定语从句；关系词不行省略；Everyobjecthasagravitationalpull,whichisratherlikemagnetism.*“介词whose”引导的定语从句“介词whose”可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句，该结构中介词的挑选取决于从句谓语动词的固定搭配，或先行词的习惯搭配；ThisisthecomputeronwhichhespentallhissavingsItiswrittenbyapersonwithwhomweareallfamiliar.*as引导的定语从句as引导的定语从句主要用于“such...as及“”thesame...as的结”构中，代替先行词是人或物的名词；as引导非限制性定语从句时，代替整个主句，从句可位于主句之前、之后或中间；Thesearenotsuchproblemsascanbeeasilysolved.〔as代替先行词problems〕Asismentionedabove,nosinglecompanyorgroupcancontrolwhathappensontheInternet.〔as代替主语〕n名师精编欢迎下载6.状语从句*时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的从属连词和词组有：1）when,whenever,while,as,after,before,since,till,until,once等；Wehavelearntquitealotaboutitsincewecamehere.2〕assoonas,hardly〔scarcely〕...when,nosooner...than,each〔every〕time,themoment,immediately〔that〕等；AssoonasIsentane-mailmessage,Ireceivedpositiveresponses.Themomentheheardthegoodnews,hejumpedwithjoy.*地点状语从句引导地点状语从句的连词是where,wherever.Wherevershewent,shetookherlittledaughterwithher.*缘由、结果和目的状语从句1）引导缘由状语从句的从属连词有：because,as,since,now〔that〕,seeingthat,consideringthat,inthat等；Consideringthatheisafreshman,wemustsayheisdoingwell.2〕引导结果状语从句的连词有：so...that,such...that,sothat,that,so等；MickeyMouseissoattractivethatthechildrenarereluctanttoleave.3〕引导目的状语从句的连词有：sothat,inorderthat,forfearthat,lest等，从句常使用may,might,can,could,would等情态动词；Wegotupearlythismorningsothatwecouldcatchthefirstbustotherailwaystation.*条件和让步状语从句1）引导条件状语从句的连词和词组有if,unless,as〔so〕longas,onconditionthat,incase,provided〔providing〕that,supposing等；Aslongasyouhavetherightequipment,youcanuseatelephonelinetotransmitcomputerdata.2〕引导让步状语从句的连词和词组有though,although,whether,eventhough,evenif,nomatterwhat〔when,how...〕,whatever〔whenever,wherever,however....〕等；though,evenif等引导状语从句可转换成含有as的部分倒装结构，具有强调意义；其结构为“形容词（副词、动词、名词）+as+主语+谓语”；Nomatterwhatyoumaysay,Iwouldnotchangemymind.Youngasheis,heisquiteexperiencedinthiswork.〔=thoughheisyoung〕Childasheis,hecanspeakEnglishfluently.〔=thoughheisachild〕*方式状语从句n名师精编欢迎下载引导方式状语从句的连词有as,justas,asif,asthough等；asif,asthough引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反；Theyoungmanmadetheexperimentjustastheteacherhadtaughthim.Everythingwentonasusualasifnothinghadhappened