高中英语unit5thepowerofnaturesectionⅲgrammar_复习动词_ing形式教学案 7页

Unit5ThepowerofnatureSectionⅢGrammar—复习动词-ing形式语法图解探究发现①Walkinginthepark,shesawanoldfriend.②Havingfinishedthework,hewentouttomeethisfriends.③Beingill,hewassenttohospital.④Mygrannysatinthearmchair,readingthenewspaper.⑤Goingtherebyplane,you'llarrivetomorrowmorning.⑥Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hestillmadethesamemistake.⑦Thoughhehadbeentoldmanytimes,hestillmadethesamemistake.⑧Thetrainwascaughtinaheavysnow,thuscausingthedelay.[我的发现](1)①、②句中的现在分词短语在句中作时间状语。(2)句②和句⑥中的现在分词短语使用完成时，原因是分词短语所表示的动作先于句子的谓语动作发生。(3)③、④、⑤、⑥、⑧句中的现在分词短语分别在句中作原因状语；伴随情况或方式状语；条件状语；让步状语；结果状语。(4)比较⑥、⑦句，分词短语与状语从句的最大区别是句中是否有连词。一、动词ing形式的时态、语态及意义动词形式意义以do为例一般式doing主动式doing与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，与谓语动作同时发生，或基本上同时发生被动式beingdonen与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且与谓语动作同时发生完成式havingdone主动式havingdone与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，先于谓语动作发生被动式havingbeendone与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且先于谓语动作发生Theparkwasfullofpeople,enjoyingthemselvesinthesunshine.(2015·北京高考单选)公园里到处都是人，他们在阳光下玩得很愉快。Havingworkedfortwodays,Stevemanagedtofinishhisreportonschedule.(2015·天津高考单选)工作了两天，史蒂夫如期完成了报告。Havingbeenheldbackbythetrafficjam,shecouldn'tgetthereontime.她被交通阻塞耽搁了，无法准时到达那里。[即时演练1]　用所给词的适当形式填空①(2015·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)Inthenewspaperofourschoolthereisacolumncalled“ForeignCulture”，aiming(aim)tointroduceAmericancustomsandthelifeofhighschoolstudents.②(2014·安徽高考满分作文)Having_realized(realize)thatyourtimeislimited,you'llhavetostudyforyourgoalswithoutangerorhesitation.③Having_been_told(tell)theanswerseveraltimes,hestillcouldn'tanswerthequestion.二、动词ing形式作状语动词的ing形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、方式或伴随情况等。1．时间状语动词的ing形式作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句，所表示的动作与主句的动作一般是同时发生，有时可由连词when,while,after引出。①Hearingtheresult(＝WhenIheardtheresult),Icouldn'thelpjumping.听到这个结果，我不禁跳了起来。②Havingmadefullpreparations(＝Afterwehavemadefullpreparations),wearereadyfortheexamination.做了充分的准备之后，我们准备参加考试。2．原因状语可以与as/since/because等引导的原因状语从句转换。n①Beingsoexcited(＝Ashewassoexcited),hecouldn'tgotosleepthatnight.　由于非常激动，那晚他没睡着。②Havinglivedinthecitymanyyears(＝SinceIhadlivedinthecitymanyyears),Iknewitwell.因为在这个城市住了多年，所以我对它很了解。3．条件状语可以与if/unless等引导的条件状语从句转换。①Workinghardatyourlessons(＝Ifyouworkhardatyourlessons),youwillsucceed.如果你努力学习，就一定能成功。②Notmakinggooduseofthetime(＝Ifyoudon'tmakegooduseofthetime),you'llregret.如果不好好利用时间，你会后悔的。4．方式或伴随状语不可以转换成从句，但可以转换成并列句。①Thegirlscameintotheclassroom,singinganddancing(＝andtheysanganddanced)．女孩子们唱着跳着进了教室。②Helayonthegrass,staringattheskyforalongtime(＝andstaredattheskyforalongtime)．他躺在草地上，长时间地望着天空。5．结果状语表示必然的结果，它常常位于句末，可扩展为一个含有并列谓语的简单句，有时也可以转换成非限制性定语从句。Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofmoney(＝andlefthimalotofmoney/whichlefthimalotofmoney)．他父亲死了，留给他许多钱。6．让步状语可以与although/though引导的让步状语从句转换。①Knowingallthis(＝Althoughtheyknewallthis),theymademepayforthedamage.尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。②Havingmadeupmymind(＝ThoughIhadmadeupmymind),Istillwantedtoplay.n尽管我已下定决心，我仍然想玩。[即时演练2]　句型转换①Whenshesawthosepictures,sherememberedherchildhood.→Seeingthosepictures,_sherememberedherchildhood.②BecauseIdon'tknowhisaddress,Ican'tsendthisbooktohim.→Notknowinghisaddress,_Ican'tsendthisbooktohim.③Ifyouuseyourhead,you'llhaveagoodidea./Useyourheadandyou'llhaveagoodidea.→Usingyourhead,_you'llhaveagoodidea.④ThevisitingMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalksandaddedthathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.→ThevisitingMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalks,addingthathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.⑤Anumberofnewmachineswereinstalledinthefactory,whichresultedinanincreaseinproduction.→Anumberofnewmachineswereinstalledinthefactory,resultinginanincreaseinproduction.⑥AlthoughIadmitwhatshesaid,Istillthinkshehasn'ttriedherbest.→Admittingwhatshesaid,_Istillthinkshehasn'ttriedherbest.三、动词ing形式作状语的注意事项1．逻辑主语动词ing形式作状语，其逻辑主语一般就是句子的主语，它们之间是一种逻辑上的主谓关系。Beingill,hedidn'tattendthewedding.因为生病，他没有出席婚礼。(he与beingill是逻辑上的主谓关系→Hewasill.)2．独立结构有时现在分词有自己的逻辑主语，这时其逻辑主语相对于句子的主语来说是独立的，因此又叫独立主格结构，构成形式是“名词/代词＋v.ing”。Shebeingill,hermotherhadtolookafterherathome.她生病了，母亲不得不在家照顾她。Themeetingbeingover,wewenttoplayfootball.会议一结束，我们就去踢足球了。3．独立成分作状语有些动词ingn形式作状语在句中没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，表明说话者的态度、观点等，被称为评论性状语。常见的有：generallyspeaking　　　　　　一般说来strictlyspeaking严格说来judgingfrom/by根据……来判断considering.../taking...intoconsideration考虑到supposing假设；如果providing如果assuming假使Generallyspeaking,asaforeignlanguageChineseismoredifficulttolearnthanEnglish.一般地说，作为一门外语，汉语要比英语难学。4．连词＋现在分词由when/while/after/before/once/if/though/unless/asif等引导的状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，如果从句的谓语动词是主动语态，则可以省略从句的主语，而保留原连词，形成“连词＋现在分词”的结构形式。Thoughlackingmoney,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.＝Thoughtheylackedmoney,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.尽管他父母缺钱，但是他们还是设法把他送去上大学了。[即时演练3](1)用所给词的适当形式填空①MywifehadalongtalkwithSally,explaining(explain)whyshedidn'twantthechildrentoplaytogether.②Judging(judge)fromwhathesaid,hewasn'tsatisfiedwithmywork.③Oncelosing(lose)thischance,youcan'teasilyfindit.(2)句型转换(每空一词)①Ifitissunny,we'llgoforapicnictomorrow.→Itbeingsunny,_we'llgoforapicnictomorrow.②Aftershehadfinishedherhomework,thelittlegirlbegantowatchTV.→Havingfinishedherhomework,thelittlegirlbegantowatchTV.③Becausetheyhadbeenwarnedbytheteacher,theydidn'tmakesuchmistakes.→Havingbeenwarnedbytheteacher,theydidn'tmakesuchmistakes.④Whenautumncomes,swallowsgotothesouth.n→Autumncoming,_swallowsgotothesouth.Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Shesattheresilently,thinking(think)aboutwhattodonext.2．Having_missed(miss)thebus,wehadtowalkhome.3．Watching(watch)theplay,shecouldn'tkeepbackhertears.4．Not_knowing(notknow)howtodoit,heturnedtotheengineerforhelp.5．Itrainedfortwoweeksonend,completelyruining(ruin)ourholiday.6．Youcancompletetheworkaheadoftimeiftaking(take)myadvice.7．Having_collected(collect)allthenecessarymaterial,shebegantowriteherreport.8．Having_been_appointed(appoint)aschairman,Tonyheldafamilygettogethertocelebrateit.9．Heturnedoffthelight,seeing(see)nothing.10．Thevolcanoerupted,resulting(result)inthedeathofmanycreatures.Ⅱ.句型转换(每空一词)1．Whenyouarecrossingtheroad,pleasebecareful.→Whencrossingtheroad,_pleasebecareful.2．BecauseIdon'tknowhistelephonenumber,Ican'tringhimup.→Notknowinghistelephonenumber,_Ican'tringhimup.3．ThoughheknowswhereIlive,henevercomestoseeme.→KnowingwhereIlive,_henevercomestoseeme.4．Workdiligently,andyou'llcertainlysucceed.→Workingdiligently,_you'llcertainlysucceed.5．Becauseithadn'tbeenrepairedforalongtime,themachinegaveoutastrangenoise.→Nothavingbeenrepairedforalongtime,themachinegaveoutastrangenoise.Ⅲ.补全句子1．(2013·天津高考满分作文)Ontheotherhand,IwillhelpsetuptheEnglishcorner,providing_us_students_a_platformtopracticeouroralEnglish.另一方面，我将帮着建立英语角，提供给我们学生一个练习英语口语的平台。2．(2013·安徽高考满分作文)Seeing_a_car_running_towards_her,_Ireachedmyhandoutandpulledherback.n看到一辆车朝她驶来，我伸出手把她拉了回来。3．(2013·陕西高考书面表达)Feeling_quite_sorryforthat,Ibegintothinkaboutwhattodotohelp.我对此感到很遗憾，开始想着做些什么来帮助(他们)。4．Having_been_ignored_for_a_long_time,_theboysittingatthebackfeltboredandwentout.因长时间被忽视，这个男孩坐在后面感到枯燥就出去了。5．Not_understanding_this_problem,_heaskedtheteacheraboutit.因为不理解这个问题，他问了老师。6．MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina,making_it_much_easierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother.中国又建了很多高速公路，这使人们的出行变得更容易了。7．OneeveningHarryphonedme,asking_me_to_come_to_his_flatassoonaspossible.一天晚上哈里给我打电话，要求我尽快去他的公寓。8．It_being_Sunday,_Ididn'tneedtogetupearlythismorning,soIstayedinbeduntil9am.因为是周日，我不必早起，所以一直睡到早上九点。