四川省南充市2019中考英语复习八下units9_10知识梳理+精练人教新目标版 12页

人教八年级(下)　Units9—10,单元重点回顾类别课标考点要求重点单词1.camera(n.)照相机；摄影机；摄像机2.unbelievable(adj.)难以置信的；不真实的★3.progress(v.&n.)进步；进展4.rapid(adj.)迅速的；快速的5.unusual(adj.)特别的；不寻常的★6.toilet(n.)坐便器；厕所7.encourage(v.)鼓励★8.social(adj.)社会的9.peaceful(adj.)和平的；安宁的10.perfect(adj.)完美的；完全的11.collect(v.)收集；采集12.German(adj.)德国的；德语的；德国人的(n.)；德语；德国人★13.ride(n.)供乘骑的游乐设施；短途旅程14.province(n.)省份20.Indian(adj.)印度的(n.)；印度人21.Japanese(adj.n.)日本的；日本人的；日语的(n.)日本人；日语22.whenever(conj.)在任何……的时候；无论何时★23.spring(n.)春天24.mostly(adv.)主要地；通常25.sweet(adj.)甜蜜的；甜的；含糖的26.memory(n.)记忆；回忆★27.toy(n.)玩具28.bear(n.)熊29.maker(n.)生产者；制订者30.scarf(n.)围巾；披巾；头巾31.soft(adj.)软的；柔软的32.check(v.&n.)检查；39.part(v.)离开；分开40.certain(adj.)某种；某事；某人★41.honest(adj.)诚实的；老实的★42.while(n.)一段时间；一会儿★43.truthful(adj.)诚实的；真实的★44.hometown(n.)家乡；故乡45.nowadays(adv.)现今；现在；目前46.search(v.&n.)搜索；搜查47.among(prep.)在(其)中；……之一★48.crayon(n.)彩色铅笔(或粉笔、蜡笔)49.shame(n.)羞耻；羞愧；惭愧50.regard(v.)将……认为；把……视为；看待★51.count(v.)数数n15.thousand(num.)一千★16.safe(adj.)安全的；无危险的★17.simply(adv.)仅仅；只；不过18.fear(v.&n.)害怕；惧怕19.whether(conj.)不管……(还是)；或者……(或者)；是否★审查33.board(n.)板；木板34.junior(adj.)地位(或职位、级别)低下的35.clear(v.)清理；清除36.bedroom(n.)卧室37.own(v.)拥有；有38.railway(n.)铁路；铁道52.century(n.)百年；世纪★53.opposite(prep.)与……相对；在……对面(adj.)对面的；另一边的54.especially(adv.)尤其；特别；格外★55.childhood(n)童年；幼年56.consider(v.)注视；仔细考虑★57.hold(v.)拥有；抓住★词性转换1.invent(v.)发明→invention(n.)发明2.believe(v.)相信→unbelievable(adj.)难以置信的3.rapid(adj.)迅速的；快速的→rapidly(adv.)快速地4.usual(adj.)通常的；寻常的→unusual不同寻常的(反义词)5.social(adj.)社会的→society(n.)社会6.it(pron.)它→itself(反身代词)7.German(adj.&n.)德国8.safe(adj.)安全的→safety(n.)安全→safely(adv.)安全地→dangerous(adj.)危险的(反义词)9.Indian(adj.)印度的；印度人的→India(n.)印度10.Japanese(adj.&n.)日本的；日本人的；日本人；日语→Japan(n.)日本11.fox(n.)狐狸→foxes(复数)12.memory(n.)记忆；回忆→memorize(v.)记忆13.scarf(n.)围巾；披巾；14.soft(adj.)软的→hard(adj.)硬的(反义词)15.sweet(adj.)→sweeter(比较级)→sweetest(最高级)16.honest(adj.)诚实的→honesty(n.)诚实→unhonest(n.)不诚实的(反义词)17.shame(n.)羞耻；羞愧→shameful(adj.)羞愧的18.century(n.)世纪→centuries世纪(复数)19.hold(v.n的；德语的；德语；德国人→Germany(n.)德国头巾→scarves/scarfs(复数))拥有；抓住→held(过去式/过去分词)重点短语1.了解；获知；得知learnabout2.导致；通向leadto3.张贴；搭建；举起putup4.取得进步make(great)progress5.以如此快速的方式insucharapidway6.鼓励某人(不)做某事encouragesb.(not)todosth.7.两个；一对,几个acoupleof8.听说(过去式heard)hearof/aboutsth.9.数以千计的；许许多多的thousandsof10.2千twothousand11.一方面……另一方面……ontheonehand…ontheotherhand…12.一个说英语的国家anEnglishspeakingcountry13.在白天during/inthedaytime14.全年allyearround15.几乎接近closeto16.带回甜蜜的回忆bringbacksweetmemories17.察看；观察checkout18.清理；丢掉clearout19.不再nolonger＝not…anylonger20.放弃、交出(尤指不舍得的东西)partwith21.至于；关于asfor22.说实在的tobehonest23.一会儿forawhile24.依据；按照accordingto25.考虑做某事considerdoingsth.续表类别课标考点要求重点句子1.—__Have__youever__been__to__asciencemuseum？你曾经去过科学博物馆吗？—__Yes__,I__have__.是的,我去过。2.We__put__up__atentandcookedoutside.我们搭起帐篷并且在外面做饭。10.Youwon't__have__any__problem__getting__rice,noodlesordumplings.你将不会在获得米饭、面条或是饺子上有任何困难。11.Soyoucanchoosetogo__whenever__youlike—spring,summer,autumnorn3.__I've__never__been__camping__.我从未野营过。4.__It's__unbelievable__that__technology__has__progressed__insucharapidway！科学技术进步得如此之快,真是难以置信。5.I__wonder__howmuchmorecomputers__will__be__able__to__dointhefuture.我想知道将来电脑还能够做些什么事情。6.Theteaartperformancesshow__how__to__make__aperfectcupoftea__with__beautifulteasets.茶艺表演展示怎样用漂亮的茶具沏一杯完美的茶。7.__Watching__theteapreparation__is__just__as__enjoyable__as__drinkingtheteaitself.观看茶的准备过程就像喝茶本身一样令人愉快。8.—__I've__never__been__to__awaterpark.我从未去过水上公园。—__Me__neither.__我也没去过。9.—__I've__been__to__theartmuseummanytimes.我去过艺术博物馆很多次了。—__Me,too__.And__I've__also__visited__thenaturemuseum.我也是。而且我还参观过自然博物馆。winter.因此你可以选择你喜欢的任何时候去,春天、夏天、秋天或者冬天。12.Asthey__get__bigger__,ourhouseseemsto__get__smaller__.随着他们长大,我们的房子似乎变小了。13.Wehavedecidedtoeachsellfivethingsthatwe__no__longer__use.我们已经决定每个人卖掉我们不再用的5样东西。14.—__How__long__haveyou__had__thatbikeoverthere?你买那边的那辆自行车多久了？—I'vehadit__for__three__years__.我已经买了三年了。15.—__How__long__hashisson__owned__thetrainandrailwayset?他儿子拥有火车和铁轨套装多久了？—He'sownedit__since__his__fourth__birthday__.自从他的4岁生日时就已经拥有了。16.I__used__to__returnhomeatleastonceayear,butI__haven't__been__back__for__almost__three__years__now__.我过去至少一年回家一次,但是我现在几乎快三年没回去了。17.Ourhometownhas__left__many__soft__and__sweet__memories__in__our__heartsn__.家乡在我们的心中留下了许多温柔甜美回忆。语法1.现在完成时been,ever和never(详见第二编P136)2.现在完成时since,for(详见第二编P136)话题Unit9Funplaces(有趣的地方)Unit10Livingenvironment(生活环境)★单元重难点突破　辨析Me,too与Meneither(八下Unit9P65)【举例透析】①Hepassedtheexam,andsodidI/me,too.他通过了考试,我也通过了。They'vepassedtheexam.Sohavewe./Us,too.他们通过了考试,我们也过了。I'mgoinghome.我要回家了。SoamI./Me,too.我也是。(Me,too/sodoI意为“我也是”,源于sodo＋主语,助动词do代表句中的be动词、助动词或情态动词。)②Henevercomeslate.Meneither./NordoI.他从未迟到过。我也没有。Ifyoudon'tgo,neither/norwillI.如果你不去,我也不去。Hecouldn'tdoitandneithercouldshe/sheneither.他做不了,她也做不了。(Meneither./Neither/NordoI.表示“我也不”。源于neither/nor＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语,前句所述情况为否定。)(A)1.—Ithinkyouaredifferentnow.—Ofcourse,timeshavechangedand____.A.sohaveIB.soIhaveC.neitherhaveID.neitherIhave(B)2.(新信息题)—Idon'tlikethemovieDreamBreaker(《破梦游戏》).—______.A.SodoIB.MeneitherC.AlsoIdoD.SoIdo　分数表达(八下Unit9P70)n【举例透析】①threequarters意为3/4。(在表达英语的分数时,要注意分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于1时,分母要用复数形式。)aquarter1/4　a/onesixth1/6　fivesevenths5/7②Twothirdsofthewaterhasbeenusedforfarming.三分之二的水已经被用来耕种了。(“分数(或百分数)＋of＋名词”构成的名词词组作主语时,其后的动词形式根据of词组的名词确定。)(D)—Peter,______ofthebananas______gonebad.—We'dbettereatuptherestassoonaspossible.A.onefifths；hasB.onefifth；hasC.onefifths；haveD.onefifth；have　辨析havegoneto,havebeento与havebeenin(八下Unit9P68)【举例透析】①—WhereisJim？吉姆在哪？—HehasgonetoEngland.他去英国了。(have/hasgoneto＋地点：去了某地(表示现在还没回来,可能在去的途中,或已经到了目的地))②MyfatherhasbeentoBeijingtwice.我爸爸已经去了北京两次。(have/hasbeento＋地点：去过某地(此时人已回到说话处),常与twice(两次),severaltimes(几次),ever(曾经),never(从未)等词组或副词搭配。)③IhavebeeninShanghaiforthreeyears.我在上海待了三年了。(have/hasbeenat(in)＋地点：在某地待了多久(后面须用表示时间段的状语))(C)1.I'mexpectingacallfrommydaughter.She______NewYorkforthreedays.A.hasgonetoB.hasbeentoC.hasbeeninD.hasbeenn(A)2.(2018哈尔滨中考改编)—QingdaoisthemostbeautifulcityI'veever______.—Soitis.Manyinternationalmeetingsareheldthereeveryyear.A.beentoB.gonetoC.wentD.going(A)3.(2018昆山模拟)—Look！YourteacherMissWhiteisoverthere.—No,itcan'tbeher.She______toBeijing.A.hasgoneB.hasbeenC.wentD.willgo　辨析for与since(八下Unit10P73)【举例透析】①Hehaslivedhereforfiveyears.他在这儿住5年了。Shehastaughttheresince2010/since4yearsago.从2010年/自四年前以来她就在那儿教书。(for与since都可以用作介词,经常用于含有完成时的句子里。)②Hehasbeenherefortwoyears/sincetwoyearsago.他来这里已经有两年了。(for后面的宾语接“时间段”,表示一段时间。since后面的宾语接“时间点”,表示从过去某一时间点以来。)③HehastaughtheresincehecametoChina.自从他来到中国就在这儿教书。Itis/hasbeenanhoursincehelefthere.他离开这儿已有一小时了。(for和since引导时间状语,主句均须用延续性动词或非延续性动词的否定式。往往用howlong对时间段提问。)④Iworkedhereforover20years.我曾经在这里工作了20多年。(since可以用作连词引导时间状语从句,而for则不能。)注意：并非有for作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。(C)1.Wehavehadtheteaset______threeyears.A.sinceB.untilC.forD.unless(A)2.(2018宜昌中考)—Ithasbeenmucheasierformetogotowork______sharedbikesappeared.n—Buttheyalsocausedplentyofproblems.A.sinceB.beforeC.unlessD.though3.因为我还是个婴儿的时候就拥有它了。BecauseI've__had/owned__itsinceI__was__ababy.　encourage(八下Unit9P67)【举例透析】Hisclassmatesencouragedhimtotakepartinthesingingcompetition.他同学鼓励他参加歌唱比赛。(encourage作动词,意为鼓励。常用搭配：encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事)(B)(新信息题)TheTVshowSuperMom(《妈妈是超人》)encouragesallmothers______closertotheirchildrenandcareforthem.A.getB.togetC.togettingD.gets直击中考一、单项选择。(A)1.(2018凉山州中考)—ThepictureoftheSnowflakeboyhasbecomeverypopularrecently.—Yeah,itreceives______Internethitsaday.A.thousandsofB.thousandsC.hundredD.hundreds(A)2.(2018凉山州中考改编)—Parisisawonderfulplace.—Soitis.I______theretwice.A.havebeenB.havegoneC.wentD.havebeento(C)3.(2018玉林中考改编)Inlife,______wearedisappointed,angryandsad,weshouldn'tloseheart.A.whoeverB.whatevernC.wheneverD.where(B)4.(2018乌鲁木齐中考)Myfriend'snewrestaurantinWandaPlaza(万达广场)______twoyearsago,butI______theresofar.A.hasopened；haven'tbeenB.wasopen；haven'tbeenC.opened；haven'tgoneD.hasbeenopen；haven'tgone二、完形填空。Amangotanewcarandhewasveryproudofit.Oneday,whenhecamebackhome,hesawhisthreeyearoldsonhappilyhittingthenewcarwithatoy__1__.Hebrokeoffthepaintonthecar.Themanwasso__2__thatherantohisson,tookawayhishammer(锤子)fromhim,andusedthehammertohittheboy's__3__ashardashecouldforpunishment.Thepoorboycried__4__buthisfatherdidn'tcareatall.Whenthefathercalmeddown,hetookhissontothe__5__assoonashecould.Althoughthedoctortriedtosavethebrokenbones,hehadto__6__thefingersfrombothoftheboy'shandsintheend.Whentheboy__7__inthehospitalandsawhishands,heinnocently(天真地)said,“Daddy,I'msorryaboutyourcar.”Thenheasked,“Butwhenaremyfingersgoingtogrowback？”Thefatherfeltverysadandregrettedthisverymuch.Thinkaboutthisstorywhensomeonesteps(踩)__8__yourfeetandyouwanttoargue(争吵)withhim.Thinkfirstbeforeyou__9__yourpatiencewithsomeone.Carscanbebroken,__10__bonesandhurtfeelingsoftencan't.Soalwaysremember：Excusingisgreaterthanargumentandthinkbeforeyouact!(B)1.A.gunB.hammerC.planeD.knife(B)2.A.satisfiedB.angryC.patientD.surprised(D)3.A.eyesB.feetC.backD.hands(B)4.A.silentlyB.loudlyC.proudlyD.suddenly(C)5.A.schoolB.shopnC.hospitalD.restaurant(A)6.A.cutB.connectC.cleanD.cycle(C)7.A.wentupB.caughtupC.wokeupD.lookedup(B)8.A.inB.onC.byD.at(A)9.A.loseB.shareC.protectD.find(D)10.A.andB.soC.althoughD.but三、(2018义乌中考改编)还原句子。阅读下面短文,把A、B、C、D四个句子填入文中空缺处,使短文内容完整、正确。AreYouReadyforHighSchool?Ifyoucandothesethingsbythetimeyougotohighschool,you'llgetonwellwithothersinhighschool.Bethebestroommate.Alittlerespect(尊重)goesalongway.Don'thelpyourselftoherpersonalthingsintheroom,andletherknowifyouplantotreatfriendsthere.1.__B__Makeagreatfirstimpression(印象).2.__C__Tomakeanimmediateconnection,lookatapersonintheeyeandgiveafirmhandshake.Keepeyecontactwhileyou'rechattingandmentiontheperson'snamewhensayinggoodbye.Keepasecret.Onestudyfoundthatholdingsomethingincanmakeyoufeellonelyandsad.3.__A__4.__D__Ifsomeonedidsomethingniceforyou—agift,somehelp,nowit'sthetimetotakeoutyourpen!Sendingthepersonahandwrittennotecardwithin48hoursafterwardisasignthatyoureallyhaveittogether.A.Soforyourhealthandfriendships,writedownthesecretinasafeplaceinsteadoftalkingaboutothersinpublic.B.Ifyoudon'tfeellikeyou'rebeingtreatedfairly,haveatalkfacetoface.C.Thefirstmeetingwithsomeonereallydoesmatter.D.Writeafantasticthank－younote.四、(2018乌鲁木齐中考改编)综合填空。阅读下面短文,根据单词、首字母、汉语和语境提示,在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词,n要求意义准确、拼写正确。Thereoncewasafarmerwhogrewthebestcorninhistown.Oneday,hisfriendScottaskedhim1.how__hegrewthebestcorn.Thefarmertoldhimthatheoftengavehisgoodcornseeds(种子)tohis2.__neighbors__.“3.__Why__doyougiveyourgoodseedstoyourneighbors?Theywillcompete4.__with__you！”Scottasked.“Why？”thefarmerlaughed.“Don'tyouknow?Thewindpicksuppollen(花粉)fromthecornand5.__spreads__(spread)itfromfieldtofield.Ifmyneighborsgrowbadcorn,thebadpollenwillhavebadinfluenceon6.__mine__(my).Mycorncannotimprove7.__unless__(除非)myneighbors'cornimproves.”Itisthesamewithourlives.Those8.who__choosetoliveinpeacemusthelptheirneighborstoliveinpeace.Thosewhochoosetolivewellmusthelp9.__others__(其他人)tolivewell.Andthosewhochoosetobehappymusthelpotherstofind10.__happiness__,asthehappinessofeachhassomethingtodowiththehappinessofall.五、(2018河北中考改编)完成句子。阅读下面短文,根据题后要求完成句子。Artificialintelligence(AI)(人工智能)isgrowingrapidly.WearelivinginaworldthatdependsmoreandmoreonAI.AIisagroupoftechnologiesthathelpmachinesget,understandanduseinformationtodotasks.AI'srecentdevelopmentshavegotalotofsocialattention.SomepeoplehavewelcomedAIbecauseitmakesthingspossible.Forexample,AIwillhaveabiginfluenceonareaslikemedicineandengineering.Butthisattentionhasalsoproducedalotoffear.Especially,manyworkersareworryingthatAIcouldmakethemlosetheirjobs.(A)根据最近的研究,将近百分之五的工作将因为人工智能而消失。Insomeindustries,AIisalreadydoingtheworkthatpeopleusedtodo,suchasassembling(装配)cars,diggingthecoalandliftinggoods.SelfdrivingcarsandtruckscontrolledbyAIwillalsotakeawaythedriver'sjobsinthefuture.(B)for,AI,many,will,also,create,new,jobs,people.MorepeoplewillbeneededtowriteprogrammesforAIsystems(系统)andtheywillsetupandworkonnthem,too.Meanwhile,jobsthatrequirefeelings,excellentcommunicationskillswithpeoplewillnotbereplaced(取代)byAI.Theseincludejobsinfieldsliketeaching,nursingandpersonaltraining.AIishere.(C)It__is__changing__how__people__live__and__work__in__many__ways.ThatmakesAIimportanttowatch,nottofear.1.汉译英。请根据(A)处中文提示写出英语句子。(每空一词)Accordingtoarecentstudy,nearlyfivepercentofjobswill__disappear__because__of__AI.2.连词成句。请将(B)处的单词连成意义完整的句子。__AI__will__also__create__many__new__jobs__for__people.__3.英译汉。请将(C)句译成中文。__人工智能在很多方面正在改变人们居住和工作的方式。__4.根据文章,完成下面两个句子。(1)AIis__a__group__of__technologies__thathelpmachinestodotasks.(2)__Selfdriving__cars__and__trucks__controlledbyAImaymakethedriverslosetheirjobs.