2019_2020高中英语unit3scienceversusnaturesectionⅲwordpowertask 13页

SectionⅢWordpowerTask&Project品句填词1．Useyourgood____________(判断)beforeyoudecide.答案：judgement2．The____________(多数)ofstudentsfindithardtoacceptthenewtheory.答案：majority3．Fromhis____________(害怕的)look，Iguesshemusthavefoundsomethinghorrible.答案：frightened4．Nooneistoleavethebuildingwithoutmy____________(允许)．答案：permission5．Pleasereenteryourpasswordto____________(确认)itiscorrect.答案：confirm6．Heenviesherthepositionshehasachievedinher____________(职业)．答案：profession单句改错1．I’dsaysheisprettyrich,judgefromherclothes.____________________答案：judge→judging2．Theproject，conductingbyourheadmaster，haswonthestudents’support.____________________答案：conducting→conducted3．Therewasfrostontheground，confirmedthatfallhadarrivedinCanada.____________________答案：confirmed→confirming4．Thisfrightenboywhosemotherwaslostinthedisasterislookingforhernow.____________________答案：frighten→frightened5．Weviewtheholidayforatimeforrecreation，butshehasadifferentidea.____________________答案：第一个for→as完成句子n1．就我个人而言，这部电影糟糕透顶。AsfarasI’mconcerned，thisfilm____________．答案：couldn’tbeworse2．朱丽叶是她班上最高的。(一句多译)①________________________________________________________________________②________________________________________________________________________③________________________________________________________________________答案：①Juliaisthetalleststudentinherclass.②Juliaistallerthananyotherstudent/alltheotherstudents/anyoneelseinherclass.③NoonecanbetallerthanJuliainherclass.3．和他谈这事没有用。______________________withhimaboutit.答案：Itisnousetalking4．她能否来还很难说。______________________shewillbeabletocome.答案：Itisdoubtfulwhether5．他不会吃任何东西，除非是他自己做的。Hewouldn’teatanything__________hecookedithimself.答案：unless课文语篇改错GMfood：hopeordanger?Therehasbeengreatprogressinthestudyofgenetics.Doorshaveopeneduptotechnologiesthatneverexistedago.Therearetwowaysinthataplantorananimalcanbegeneticallymodified.First，newmaterialcanbeinsertedintoit’sDNAtogivetheplantoranimalqualitieswhichtheywouldneverhaveinnature.Second，materialcanbetakenfromtheDNAofaplantortheanimalinordertoremovequalitiesinwhicharenotdesired.OneaimofGMresearchistoproducefoodwhichwillmakeushealthier.GMplantshaslargerharvests.Noonereallyknowswhetheritissafetyforanimalsorhumanstoeat.NooneknowsthateffectstheGMmaterialmighthaveonthefoodchain.答案：GMfood：hopeordanger?Therehasbeengreatprogressinthestudyofgenetics.Doorshaveopenednuptotechnologiesthatneverexisted.Therearetwowaysinaplantorananimalcanbegeneticallymodified.First，newmaterialcanbeinsertedintoDNAtogivetheplantoranimalqualitieswhichwouldneverhaveinnature.Second，materialcanbetakenfromtheDNAofaplantoranimalinordertoremovequalitieswhicharenotdesired.OneaimofGMresearchistoproducefoodwhichwillmakeushealthier.GMplantslargerharvests.Noonereallyknowswhetheritisforanimalsorhumanstoeat.NooneknowseffectstheGMmaterialmighthaveonthefoodchain.A卷单句语法填空1．Thecourthasyettopass____________(judge)inthiscase.答案：judgement2．Thoughthegirlhadbeensufferingfromtheblooddisease，sheactedasifnothinghadhappenedtoherwhilefacingherfriendsand____________(relate)．答案：relations3．Theresearch，____________(conduct)bySt.GeorgeUniversity，showsthatdifferentparentshavedifferentapproachestotheseproblems.答案：conducted4．Thenumberofstudentsinourclassismorethan50andthemajorityofthem____________(be)fromthecountryside.答案：are5．Thepossibilitythatthe____________(major)ofthelaborforcewillworkathomeisoftendiscussed.答案：majority6．Afterall，spottingtigersmerely____________(confirm)theirbeauty；trackingthemcanmakeyouawareofsomethingmore.答案：confirms7．—Helookssofrighteningandthekidsarereallyscared.n—Heoftenusesthat____________(frighten)looktofrightenthem.答案：frightening8．Nopersonshallentertheareawithoutofficial____________(permit)．答案：permission9．Doyourememberthefirsttimeyou____________(talk)withaforeigner?答案：talked10．Mr.Blackisveryhappybecausetheclothesmadeinhisfactoryhaveneverbeen____________(much)popular.答案：more阅读理解AWhenaperson’sheartstops,thereareonlysecondstoact.Ifperformedeffectively,CPRcankeepapersonaliveuntilmedicalhelparrives.Insomeareasmedicalhelpmaytakemorethan10minutestoarrive.Everyminutecountsandcanmeanthedifferenceinlifeordeath.Also,CPRismosteffectivewhenitisgivenwithoutbeingstopped.Unfortunately,insomesituations,itcanbedifficultornearlyimpossibleforfirstresponderstocontinueCPRasapersonisbeingtakenfromabuildingorotherareaswithdifficultland.ButCPRdevicescanhelpsolvetheseproblems.Theycanautomatically(自动地)deliverCPRstrokes(打击动作)tocontinuebloodmovementaroundbodiesandoxygensupplyofunresponsiveinjuredpersons.OnesuchautomaticCPRdevice,calledtheAutoPulse,increasedthesurvivalrateofpatientsinneedofCPRby3.6%.Thedeviceprovidescompressionstrokesbyrapidlyinflating(使充气)anddeflatingabag.ThedeviceisbatteryoperatedandcanperformCPRforover10minutes.Thedevicecouldsavethousandsofliveseveryyear.TheAutoPulseisspecificallydesignedtohelpmedicalstaffandotherfirstresponderscontinueCPRinareaswhereCPRoperatedbyhandsisnearlyimpossible.AccordingtoZoll,oneofthecreatorsoftheAutoPulse,theirdevicecanprovidebetterCPRcompressionstrokesthanfirstrespondersindifficultsituations.Withalittletraining,firstrespondersareabletosetuptheAutoPulseinjust14seconds.Zollreportstheirdevicealsohasalowerrateofbeingstoppedin85%ofthecasesincomparisontoCPRthatpeopleperformusinghands.TheAutoPulsehasbeenreportedmanytimesinlifesavingevents.Althoughthedeviceappearstoleadtogoodresults,somefirstrespondersdonotwanttousethenAutoPulseoverthefearofafailureandtheexpenseofoneunit—aboutUS$10，000perunit.TheAutoPulseandotherautomatedCPRmachineswillstillneedalotmoreconvincingevidencebeforethemedicalcommunitywilllargelyacceptthedevices.【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍一款自动心肺复苏设备：AutoPulse。1．What’stheshortcomingofCPRprovidedbyhumansaccordingtoParagraph1?A．Itneedscertainconditions.B．Itrequiresalongtimepreparation.C．Itisassistedbycomplexmedicaldevices.D．Itisonlyperformedbyprofessionalmedicalstaff.A　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中“Unfortunately,insome...difficultland.”可推断，人工心肺复苏需要一定的条件。2．AccordingtothecreatoroftheAutoPulse,thedevice________．A．islesseasilydisturbedthanhumansB．isdesignedforhospitalsratherthanindividualsC．cannotreallyreplacefirstresponderstodoCPRD．cannotdoabetterjobthanhumansindifficultsituationsA　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“...hasalowerrateofbeingstoppedin85%ofthecasesincomparisontoCPR...”可知，自动心肺复苏设备较人工心肺复苏来说不容易被打断。3．WhatisadisadvantageoftheAutoPulse?A．Itfailstoperformwellfrequently.B．Itisnotconvenienttocarryaround.C．Itneedsalotoftrainingbeforeuse.D．Itisunaffordableforpotentialusers.D　解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中“...somefirst...US$10，000perunit.”可知，其缺点是价格太昂贵了。4．What’sthispassagemainlyabout?A．TheimportanceoflearningCPR.B．TheconditionsofoperatingCPR.C．AcomparisonoftraditionalandmodernCPR.D．AnintroductiontoanautomaticCPRmachine.D　解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文旨在介绍一款自动心肺复苏设备。BAfterhavingmorethanafewacquaintances(相识的人)online，itmightcomeablowntokeensocialnetworkerslikeBarackObama，orevenFacebookfounderMarkZuckerberghimself.Accordingtoaresearch，theaveragepersonhasinfacttwiceasmanyonlinefriendsasphysicalones.Usersofsocialnetworkingsiteshaveonaverage121onlinefriendsascomparedwithphysicalones.Thestudyalsoclaimsthatpeopletendtobemoreopen，confidentandhonestwiththeirvirtualfriendsthantheir“real”ones.“Formostpeople，theInternetisawayofkeepingintouchwithlovedonesandfriends，butforpeoplewhoareisolated(隔离的)duetoillness，itplaysamorevitalrole，andcanoftenactasalifeline，”saysHelenOxley，apsychologistatWythenshawehospital.“PeoplewithillnessesoftenrelyontheInternettofacilitate(促进)friendships，sincetheyblogandusenetworkingsitesasawayofdealingwiththeirillness.Itcanfoster(培养)asenseofsocialconnectionforthosewhofrequentlyfeelisolated，whichisimportanttopsychologicalwellbeing.”Inwidersociety，thewaysinwhichfriendshipsareformedarechanging，withpeoplerecognizingthattheycandevelopdeepandmeaningfulconnectionswithothersthatthey’venevermet，andmaynevermeet.Aboutonein10peoplehaseithermettheirbestfriendsonline，orbelievestheycanmakelifelongfriendsontheWeb.Thefindingshighlighthowsocialintroductionsarealsochanging.Onlyfivepercentwouldaskforsomeone’sphonenumber，while23percentarenowlikelytoaskforanemailaddressorafullnamewiththeintentionofaddingthepersontotheirsocialnetwork.Atthesametime，however，aquestionnairecompletedby4，427suggeststhat20percentofparentsbelievetheirchildren’seducationisaffectedbysurfingtheNet.Theythinktheirchildrenaredoingpoorlyattheschoolduetotheamountoftimetheyspendonnoneducationalwebsites.【解题导语】　本文主要讲述了现在的人们更相信虚拟的朋友，更有甚者将虚拟朋友当成了终身朋友，还叙述了家长们因害怕孩子受到网络的不良影响不愿意让孩子接触网络。5．Theunderlinedword“it”inPara.1mostprobablyrefersto________．A．peoplespendingtoomuchtimesurfingtheNetB．peoplerelyingontheInternettoconnectwithfriendC．peoplehavingmoreonlinefriendsthanrealonesD．peoplemakingmeaningfulconnectionswithstrangersC　解析：代词指代题。根据前文Afterhavingmorethanafewacquaintancesn(相识的人)online可知，应是指虚拟的朋友比真正的朋友还多这件事。6．Wecaninferfromthetextthat________．A．sickpeoplecanrecovermorequicklybysurfingtheNet　B．studentsgetimportantinformationonlineC．studentswhosurftheNetalwaysperformnotsowellD．peopletendtotrusttheirvirtualfriendsmorethantheirrealonesD　解析：推理判断题。通读全文，并根据文章的第五、六段和第二段的关键句Thestudyalsoclaimsthatpeopletendtobemoreopen，confidentandhonestwiththeirvirtualfriendsthantheir“real”ones.可知答案。7．WhatpercentageofparentsbelievethattheInternethasabadeffectontheirchildren?A．About5percent.B．About10percent.C．About20percent.D．About23percent.C　解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的Atthesametime，however，aquestionnairecompletedby4，427suggeststhat20percentofparentsbelievetheirchildren’seducationisaffectedbysurfingtheNet.可知答案。语法填空LastweekIhadaholidayfromwork,but1.____________(unfortunate)noneofmyfriendshadthesameweekoff.IdecidedthatIstillwantedtodosomething,soIbookedatrainridetoTorontoandreservedabedinahostelforoneweek.Oneweekbymyself!WouldIbebored?Quite2.____________opposite!IwasabletodowhateverIwanted.Ispenthoursinmuseums,3.____________wouldhaveseemeddulltomyfriends.Insteadofdepending4.____________someoneelsetorememberdirections,Idiscoveredmy5.____________(independent)anddevelopedmapreadingskillsthatIdidn’tknowIhad.IcouldgetupandgotosleepwhenIwantedandIdidn’thavetowaitforanyoneelse6.____________(get)readyeverymorning.However,Ifoundtherewerealsosomedisadvantagesoftravellingalone.Imissed7.____________(have)someonetotalkto.Experiencesareoftenmore8.____________(enjoy)iftheyareshared.Inaddition,eatinginarestaurantorcookinginthehostel9.____________(be)lessfunonmyown.IamveryproudofmyselffortravellingaloneandIhadagoodtimeinToronto.However,inthefuture,Iwillalwaysprefertotravelwithanotherpersonn10.____________inasmallgroup.1．unfortunately　解析：考查副词。设空处修饰其后整个句子，意为“很遗憾”，故填unfortunately。2．the　解析：考查定冠词。quitetheopposite意为“正相反”。3．which　解析：考查关系代词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句指代整个主句，且在从句中作主语，故填which。4．on/upon　解析：考查介词。dependon/upon意为“依靠，依赖”。5．independence　解析：考查名词。设空处作宾语，由my可知，应填名词independence(独立)。6．toget　解析：考查不定式作补语的用法。waitforsb.todosth.意为“等待某人做某事”。7．having　解析：考查动词ing形式作宾语的用法。missdoingsth.在此意为“错过做某事”。8．enjoyable　解析：考查形容词作表语的用法。设空处作表语，说明主语Experiences的状态，故填形容词enjoyable(令人愉快的)。9．was　解析：考查主谓一致。由or可知，谓语动词应用单数，且此处表示的动作发生在过去，故填was。10．or　解析：考查连词。由语境可知，withanotherperson与inasmallgroup之间是选择关系，故填or。B卷阅读理解GeorgeWashingtonCarverwasbornsometimeintheearlymid1860s.Asasicklychild,Carverwasunabletoworkinthefields,sohedidgardening.Hewasleftwithmanyfreehourstowalkinthewoods—beginninghiscareerwithnature.Hesoonbecameknownasthe“PlantDoctor”andwouldhelpfriendsandneighborsmanagesickplants.In1890,CarverbegantostudymusicandartatSimpsonCollege.Hisartworkwasonshowatthe1893World’sFair.Paintinggavehimthechancetocombinehistwoloves—artandnature.Yetitwashistalents(天赋)forgardeningthattookhiminanotherdirectionin1891.CarverbecamethefirstAfricanAmericantoattendwhatistodayIowaStateUniversity.Heprovedtobeafirstclassstudentandupongraduationhebecametheschool’sfirstAfricanAmericanteacher.In1896,hereceivedaninvitationfromTuskegeeNormalandIndustrialSchoolninTuskegee,Alabama.Uponarriving,hefoundthattheschoolwasshortofmoneysoDr.Carverhadtoequiphisownlab.Heandhisstudentswouldsearchtrashheaps(垃圾堆)forthingstouse.ThisprovedthatDr.Carverwaswellaheadofhistime.In1916,hepublishedaresearchreportonpeanuts,whichhelpedmanyfarmersturntopeanutsasacashcropandsavedtheeconomy(经济)oftheSouthwhenitwasdestroyedbythecottoninsects’attack.Carvercontinuedhisresearchwiththepeanut.Hewentontofindmanyusesforthepeanut.Buthedidn’tinventpeanutbutter(花生酱)．Dr.Carver’sresearchearnedhimmuchworldwidepraise.Dr.GeorgeWashingtonCarverdiedonJanuary5,1943,andwasburiedatTuskegee.CarvercontributedhiswholelifesavingstoTuskegee.Uponhisdeath,Franklin　D．Rooseveltgavehimthetitle“aninspiringexampletoyoutheverywhere”．【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了植物学家GeorgeWashingtonCarver的生平。1．HowwasCarver’schildhood?A．Hedreamedofbeingadoctor.B．Hegrewcropsinthefields.C．Heenjoyedgoodhealth.D．Hetookupgardening.D　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“hedidgardening”可知，GeorgeWashingtonCarver年少时料理花园。2．HowwasCarver’sperformanceduringhiseducation?A．Bad.B．Strange.C．Ordinary.D．Excellent.D　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Heprovedtobeafirstclassstudent”可知，GeorgeWashingtonCarver在学校表现出色。3．WhatdoweknowaboutCarver’slifeinTuskegeeNormalandIndustrialSchool?A．Hewaswellpaidbytheschool.B．Hereliedonhimselftobuildhislab.C．Hesavedmoneybypickinguptrash.D．Hepublishedhisfindingsaheadoftime.B　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Uponarriving,hefoundthattheschoolwasshortofmoneysoDr.Carverhadtoequiphisownlab.”可知，GeorgeWashingtonCarver所在的学校没有足够的资金，因此他依靠自己的力量来建立实验室。n4．WhatcanbelearnedaboutCarver’sreportonpeanuts?A．Itmadeacontributiontotheeconomy.B．Itincludednewfindingsonpeanutbutter.C．Itpreventedpeanutsfrominsects’attack.D．Ithelpedfarmersfindmanyotherusesofpeanuts.A　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“In1916,hepublishedaresearchreportonpeanuts,whichhelpedmanyfarmersturntopeanutsasacashcropandsavedtheeconomy(经济)oftheSouth”可知，GeorgeWashingtonCarver的研究拯救了当时南方的经济危机。完形填空WhenIfirstentereduniversity，myaunt，whoisanEnglishprofessor，gavemeanewEnglishdictionary.Iwas__1__toseethatitwasanEnglishEnglishdictionary，alsoknownasamonolingualdictionary.__2__itwasadictionaryintendedfornonnativelearners，noneofmyclassmateshadone__3__，tobehonest，Ifounditextremely__4__touseatfirst.Iwouldlookupwordsinthedictionaryand__5__notfullyunderstandthemeaning.Iwasusedtothe__6__bilingualdictionaries，inwhichthewordsare__7__bothinEnglishandChinese.Ireallywonderedwhymyaunt__8__tomakethingssodifficultforme.Now，afterstudyingEnglishatuniversityforthreeyears，I__9__thatmonolingualdictionariesare__10__inlearningaforeignlanguage.AsIfoundout，thereis__11__oftennoperfectequivalence(对应)betweentwo__12__intwolanguages.Myauntevengoessofarasto__13__thataChinese“equivalent”cannevergiveyouthe__14__meaningofawordinEnglish！__15__，sheinsistedthatIreadthedefinition(定义)ofawordinamonolingualdictionary__16__Iwantedtogetabetterunderstandingofitsmeaning.__17__，Ihavecometoseewhatshemeant.Usingamonolingualdictionaryforlearnershashelpedmeinanotherimportantway.Thisdictionaryusesa(n)__18__numberofwords，around2，000，initsdefinitions.WhenIreadthesedefinitions，Iam__19__exposedto(接触)thebasicwordsandlearnhowtheyareusedtoexplainobjectsandideas.__20__this，IcanexpressmyselfmoreeasilyinEnglish.1．A.worriedB．sadC．surprisedD．nervousC　解析：通读全文可知，作者是一个中国大学生，中国人学英语，尤其是初学者习惯使用英汉词典。当作者看到英英词典的时候，他感到“吃惊”。n2．A.BecauseB．AlthoughC．UnlessD．IfB　解析：前后两句在意义上是让步关系，所以用although引导让步状语从句。而because引导原因状语从句；unless和if引导条件状语从句。3．A.butB．soC．orD．andA　解析：此空处是一个并列连词，连接前后两句。而前后两句之间存在的是转折关系，所以用but。4．A.difficultB．interestingC．ambiguousD．practicalA　解析：最初用英英词典，不习惯，所以作者感觉用起来很“难(difficult)”。interesting是“有趣味的”，根据下文notfullyunderstandthemeaning不可能是这个答案；ambiguous是“不明确的”；practical是“实用的”，这两个词也不符合语境。5．A.thusB．evenC．stillD．againC　解析：句子中有否定词not，有副词fully，所以用still，表示“仍然不能够完全”的意思。6．A.newB．familiarC．earlierD．ordinaryB　解析：beusedto表示“习惯……”，对作者来说习惯了双语词典，或者说是英汉词典。这里指双语词典的使用对他来说是熟悉的。7．A.explainedB．expressedC．describedD．createdA　解析：此句是一个inwhich引导的定语从句，其中words是主语，根据常识在词典中单词的意思是被“解释出来”的，所以用explained。8．A.offeredB．agreedC．decidedD．happenedC　解析：我真想知道我姑妈为什么决定这么为难我。其他三个词虽然都跟动词不定式，但是在这里意思都不恰当。9．A.imagineB．recommendC．predictD．understandD　解析：过去不理解，经过一段时间后才理解。understand“理解”；imagine“想象”；recommend“推荐”；predict“预测”。10．A.naturalB．betternC．easierD．convenientB　解析：此句中monolingualdictionaries和bilingualdictionaries比较，A和D项没用比较级，better强调更好，更实用，而easier则不可能。11．A.atbestB．infactC．attimesD．incaseB　解析：常见的情况是实际上两种语言之间的两个词没有完全的对应。infact“实际上，事实上”。atbest“至多；充其量”；attimes“有时”；incase“万一，以防”，显然A、C、D项不合语境。12．A.wordsB．namesC．ideasD．charactersA　解析：词典上重点的内容应该是单词。13．A.hopeB．declareC．doubtD．tellB　解析：我姑妈甚至还声称汉语意思决不能给出一个英语单词的确切意思。14．A.exactB．basicC．translatedD．expectedA　解析：前面的aChinese“equivalent”和the______meaningofawordinEnglish对应，表明还是对应不准确的问题，所以用exact。15．A.RatherB．HoweverC．ThereforeD．InsteadC　解析：此空后面的句子和前面表示的是一种“因果”关系，所以用therefore。16．A.whenB．beforeC．untilD．whileA　解析：表示“当……时候”，用when引导时间状语从句。而before通常指“在……之前”；until指“直到……时候”；while指“在……的同时”。17．A.LargelyB．GenerallyC．GraduallyD．ProbablyC　解析：该句的谓语havecometosee是表示“变化过程”，所以用gradually表示“渐渐地”。18．A.extraB．averageC．totalD．limitedD　解析：从后面的around2，000可知词典中用于解释词义的词是限制在2000左右。19．A.repeatedlyB．nearlyC．immediatelyD．anxiouslynA　解析：在有限的范围内，查阅阅读释义的话，就会反复接触基本词汇、学会这些词汇怎样用来解释事物和观点，所以用repeatedly表示“反复地，经常地”。20．A.AccordingtoB．InrelationtoC．InadditiontoD．BecauseofD　解析：后面主句部分IcanexpressmyselfmoreeasilyinEnglish表达的是结果，此处表达的应该是原因，说明使用这种词典所带来的好处。短文改错Inthesummerholiday,wetravelledtoQingdaoandpaidvisittomyunclethere.It’salongandboredjourney.ButthemomentIarrived，Ifallinlovewiththecity.It’ssuchbeautifulacitythatIcanhardlyfindanywordtodescribeit.Thestreetsarecleaningandtheskyisblue.Ifyouwalkalongthecoast，youcanfeelthewindtoblowingonyourface.Theseaisvastandsometimesyoucanfindaboatoraship.Youmayalsodosomefishingaslongasitispermit.Moreover，Ithinkthedrivertheredrivetoofastinthestreet.Youshouldbecarelesswhencrossingthestreet.答案：Inthesummerholiday,wetravelledtoQingdaoandpaidvisittomyunclethere.It’salongandjourney.ButthemomentIarrived，Iinlovewiththecity.It’sbeautifulacitythatIcanhardlyfindanywordtodescribeit.Thestreetsareandtheskyisblue.Ifyouwalkalongthecoast,youcanfeelthewindblowingonyourface.Theseaisvastandsometimesyoucanfindaboatoraship.Youmayalsodosomefishingaslongasitis.，Ithinkthetheredrivetoofastinthestreet.Youshouldbewhencrossingthestreet.