高考英语专题需要“变形”的名词、形容词和副词（三）词性转换（构词法）核心考点针对练（含解析） 4页

专题二需要“变形”的名词、形容词和副词（三）词性转换（构词法）单句语法填空1．MountVesuviushadnoteruptedforcenturies,sothepeopleofPompeiifeltthattheywerein(safe)．safety　解析：句意：维苏威火山几个世纪以来都没有爆发过，所以庞培的人们感到他们是安全的。insafety意为“安全”，是固定短语。2．TheTheaterDistrictisapopulartourist(attract)inNewYorkCity.attraction　解析：句意：剧院区是纽约一个很受欢迎的旅游胜地。设空处作is的表语，其前有不定冠词a及populartourist修饰，应用名词单数。3．AtfirstpeopletherefoundtheChineseandtheirworkverystrange.Myfatheroftensawpeoplerunningaftertrainsoutof(curious)．curiosity　解析：句意：起初，那里的人们发现中国人和他们的工作很奇怪。我父亲经常看到人们出于好奇而追赶火车。介词of后应使用名词，此处是短语outofcuriosity“出于好奇”。4．Theboygavehisclassmatea(describe)ofwhathehadseenonhiswaytoschool.description　解析：空格前有不定冠词，空格后有介词of，故此处填名词。5．Peoplewhoarefarsightedcanseethingsthatarefaraway,buttheyhavedifficultyinreadingabookunlesstheyholditatanarm’s(long)．length　解析：此处表示除非放在一臂远的距离外。因此此处是跟在所有格arm’s后，名词的所有格修饰名词，所以此处应填名词length。6．Youcanimaginehow(terrible)shyIwasthemomentIthoughtofthat.terribly　解析：句意：你可以想象得到一想到那件事我是多么地害羞啊！从设空位置看，空处在how之后，要考虑使用形容词或者副词；再由其后的形容词shy可知需要用副词。7．Nowadaysyoungpeoplenever(will)lettheircreativitybelimitedbytheirparentsortraditionalrules.willingly　解析：句意：如今年轻人从不愿意让他们的创造力受到父母或传统规则的限制。空格处用来修饰谓语动词let，应用副词，will先转化为形容词willing，willing的副词形式是在其后直接加ly。n8．Therearemanykindsofreferencebooksavailableinthebookmarket.Asmartuseofthesebooksiscertainly(benefit),butthemisuseandoveruseofthemmaycausealotofproblems.beneficial　解析：考查形容词。此处应用形容词作系动词is的表语。9．Floatingonapoolofwateratthebaseandlookingupatthewaterfallwithabackgroundofblueskywasoneofthemost(relax)experiencesofmylife.relaxing　解析：名词前应用形容词作定语，此处修饰experiences，故填relaxing“令人放松的”。10．Whatawonderfulexamplethesetwoelderlysistersweretome!Iwillalwaysbe(thank)thatIhadtheopportunitytoknowthem.thankful　解析：考查形容词。be动词后一般跟形容词作表语，故此处应用形容词形式。语法填空(一)Whatexactlyissocialmedia?Socialmediacanbedefinedaswebbased,mobilemediathat1.(use)toconnectwitheachother.Thereareseveraltypesofsocialmedia.Thefirsttypeinvolvespeoplegettingtogethertoworkonaproject.Wikipediais2.exampleofthistypeofsocialmedia.Thereareothertypesthatallowpeople3.(share)contentsuchaspicturesandarticles.AnothertypeofsocialmediaiswebsiteslikeSecondLife,4.peoplecancreateobjects,asifthey5.(be)intherealworld.Thefinaltypeissocialnetworkingsitesthatcanmakepeoplestayintouchwith6.(friend).Socialmediaisdifferentfrom7.(tradition)media.Inthepast,mediawascreatedinoneplace,8.(normal)acompany.Thenthecompanywouldsendoutthemediatoconsumers,likenewspapersandmagazines.But9.socialmedia,manyindividualpeopleindifferentlocationscancreatecontent.Inaddition,afewminutesarespent10.(write)atwitterposttodaywhileitwouldtakemanymonthstoeditamagazineinthepast.Somepeoplethinksocialmediaisgoodandsomethinkitisbad.Butwhateveryoumightthink,socialmediaisheretostay.【解题导语】　本文为我们介绍了社交媒体，以及人们对它所持的不同态度。n1．isused　解析：考查动词的语态。socialmedia和use之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态。2．an　解析：考查冠词。“维基网站是这种社交媒体的一个例子”表示泛指，所以填不定冠词an。3．toshare　解析：考查非谓语动词。此处考查allowsb.todosth.“允许某人做某事”，用todo不定式作宾语补足语。4．where　解析：考查定语从句的关系词。此句中where引导的句子在主句中作定语，先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用where引导。5．were　解析：考查动词的时态。根据前面的asif可知后面用虚拟语气，所以填were。6．friends　解析：考查名词的单复数。根据此处语意：和朋友保持联系，friend是可数名词单数形式，前面没有限定词修饰，所以填friends。7．traditional　解析：考查形容词。修饰后面的名词media，用tradition的形容词形式。8．normally　解析：考查副词。副词normally修饰，表示“正常情况下，通常”。9．with　解析：考查介词。withsocialmedia表示有了社交媒体。10．writing　解析：考查非谓语动词。sometimeisspent(in)doingsth.是“spendsometime(in)doingsth.”的变式。(二)LastChristmas,Iwantedtogivethewoman1.____________cleansmyapartmentanicegiftin2.____________(appreciate).SinceIknowshedoesn’thavemuchmoney,Idecided3.____________(write)heragenerouschecksoshecoulduseithowevershewanted.Iputitinanattractivecardwithaphotoofacatandadogon4.____________(it)coverbecauseshelovesanimals.Thecardcamewithanicemessage,andIalsoaddedapersonalmessageinwhichIthankedher5.____________hergoodservices,wishingherthebestforthecomingyearandforherdreamscomingtrue.6．____________(tear)ofgratituderolleddownherfacewhenshesawmymessage,beforesheevensawthecheck!Shesaid,“Youtookthetimetowritemeapersonalmessage;nowIfeelreally7.____________(love).I’mgoingtosavethiscardfor8.____________restofmylife！”Thisremindsmethatwhatpeoplereallywantistobeacknowledgedandappreciated,andtoknowthattheymatter.Thisiswhat’sreallyimportantwhen9.____________(give)agift.Inthiscaseit10.____________(obvious)wasnotaboutnthemoney,butaboutmakingasincereheartconnection.【解题导语】　本文主要讲述了作者在圣诞节给打扫公寓的阿姨送礼物以示感谢的故事。1．that/who　解析：考查定语从句。that/who引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词thewoman。2．appreciation　解析：考查名词。inappreciation意为“以示感谢”，为固定搭配，符合语境，故用名词appreciation。3．towrite　解析：考查非谓语动词。decidetodosth.为固定用法，意为“决定做某事”，符合语境，故用不定式towrite。4．its　解析：考查代词。此处应用形容词性物主代词its作定语，修饰名词cover。5．for　解析：考查介词。thanksb.forsth.意为“因为某事而感谢某人”，故用介词for。6．Tears　解析：考查名词的复数。tear作“眼泪，泪水”讲时，为可数名词，通常用复数形式。7．loved　解析：考查动词语态。根据语境可知，I和love之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用被动形式。8．the　解析：考查冠词。therest表示“剩余部分”，此处特指“我的余生”，故用定冠词the。9．giving　解析：考查状语从句的省略。本句是一个省略句，补充完整应该是：whenyouaregivingagift。如果状语从句中的主语可根据主从句的对应关系判断，且从句中含有动词“be”的某种形式，则可以省略从句中的“主语＋be”部分，故用现在分词giving。10．obviously　解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词作状语，修饰动词was。