（全国版）高考英语unit2language学案（含解析）牛津译林版必修3 26页

Unit2Language(一)课前自主学习Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意1．vocabularyn．　　词汇2．accentn.口音，腔调；着重点3．mixturen.混合，混合体4．racialadj.人种的，种族的5．interruptvi.&vt.[纵联1]　插嘴，打断，暂停6．alphabetn.(一种语言的)字母表，全部字母7．pressvt.n．[纵联2](被)压，挤，推，施加压力报刊；新闻界；出版社8．patternn.图案，花纹；模式，方式9．typewritern.打字机10．versionn.版本11．spellingn.拼写12．shortcomingn.缺点，短处Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形1．nowadaysadv.[纵联3]　现在，如今2．occupyvt.占领；占用(时间、空间等)3．consistvi.组成，构成4．asideadv.除……之外5．official_adj.官方的，正式的6．defeatvt.击败，战胜7．replacevt.替换，代替，取代8．raisevt.养育，培养；举起；增加，提高；筹募；提及9．thereforeadv.因此，所以10．processn.过程；进程11．distinctionn.区别，差别12．banvt.&n.禁止；取缔13．uniqueadj.独特的n14．charactern.(书写或印刷)文字，符号；人物；性格15．conclusionn.结论；推论16．customn.风俗，习俗17．appearancen.外观，外貌18．representvt.代表；展示，描绘19．indicatevt.显示，表示；象征，暗示20．thusadv.以此方式，如此；因此，从而21．entireadj.[纵联4]　完全的，整个的Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变1．contributionn．贡献，促成因素；捐赠→contributev．贡献2．concernn．关心；忧虑vt.涉及；使担忧；对……感兴趣→concernedadj.担心的，关心的→concerningprep.关于3．accessvt.进入；使用n.通道；(使用的)机会，权利→accessibleadj.可到达的；可接近的；可利用的4．embarrassvt.使尴尬，使难堪→embarrassingadj.令人难堪的，使人尴尬的→embarrassedadj.感到尴尬的，难堪的5．mistakenadj.错误的；误解的→mistaken．错误；误会vt.弄错；误解6．differvi.相异，有区别→differentadj.不同的→differencen．不同7．simplifyvt.简化→simpleadj.简单的8．combinevt.&vi.组合；(使)联合→combinationn．联合，结合9．distinguishvt.区分，辨别；使具有某种特征→distinguishedadj.著名的→distinguishableadj.可区分的，可辨别的10．convenientadj.方便的→conveniencen．方便11．practicaladj.切实可行的，实用的→practicen．实践，练习v．练习；实习；实行纵联1.巧记“inter(相互)”词族①intersectv．相交，交叉　　　②interactionn．相互影响③internationaladj.国际的④interchangev．相互交换⑤interactv.互相来往⑥interruptvi.&vt.插嘴，打断纵联2.“press”家族①pressv．按；压n.报刊；新闻界；出版社n②pressuren．压力③impressv．留下印象④impressionn．印象⑤expressv．表达⑥expressionn．表达；表情纵联3.“目前，如今”知多少①nowadays如今②atpresent目前③atthepresenttime目前④atthemoment此刻⑤atthecurrenttime当前纵联4.拜访“完全”家族①entireadj.整个的②wholeadj.全部的③totaladj.完全的④whollyadv.完全地⑤completeadj.完全的单元话题——语言学习子话题1　学习内容①idiomn.成语，习语②tonen.腔调；语调③stressn.重音④native/mothertongue母语⑤officiallanguage官方语言⑥oral/spokenEnglish英语口语⑦writtenEnglish书面英语子话题2　学习行为①drilln．&vi.训练，操练②skimvt.&vi.跳读；略读③scanvt.&vi.扫读；浏览④accumulatevt.&vi.积累；积聚⑤referto/consultadictionary查字典⑥formthehabitofreading养成阅读习惯⑦enlarge/expandone'svocabulary　扩大某人的词汇量子话题3　学习结果①graspvt.领会；抓住②mastervt.精通，掌握③accurateadj.准确的，精确的n④fluentadj.(外语)流利的，流畅的⑤abundantadj.大量的，充裕的⑥pickup学得；拾起，捡起；接收⑦acquireskills/knowledge获得技能/知识[学考对接·活学活用]高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词汇应用1．(2015·广东高考阅读D)ItwasoncecommontoregardBritainasasocietywithclass__❶__(distinct).Eachclasshaduniquecharacteristics❷...OneunchangingaspectofaBritishperson'sclasspositionisaccent❸.Thewordsapersonspeakstell❹herorhisclass.AstudyofBritishaccentsduringthe1970sfoundthatavoicesoundinglikeaBBCnewsreaderwasviewedasthemostattractivevoice.①用所给词的适当形式填空：distinction②写出加黑词在本单元的同根同义词：character③选择加黑词在句中的意思：__A__A．口音　　B．重音　　　C．强调④tell在本单元的同义词是：distinguish，前者常和from搭配，后者常和between搭配。2．(2013·重庆高考阅读E)BrysonandPaxmanstandfor❶commonmisconceptionsabouttheweatherspeakamongtheEnglish.Bothcommentators,__❷__，aremissingthepoint.TheEnglishweatherconversationisnotreallyabouttheweatheratall...Rather,theyareroutinegreetings,conversationstartersortheblank“fillers”．Inotherwords,Englishweatherspeakisameansofsocialbonding❸.①用本单元词汇替换加黑短语：represent②选词填空：__C__A．thusB．meanwhile　C．somehow③写出加黑词在本单元的同义词：combination高考采撷(二)　写作中的词汇应用(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)我们学校有许多杰出的体育教练。欢迎在你方便的时候亲自来我们学校看看体育运动情况。(distinguish,convenient)There_are_many_distinguished_sports_coaches_in_our_school._Welcome_to_our_school_to_see_the_physical_exercise_for_yourself_when_it's_convenient.2．(2017·北京高考书面表达)首先，泰山有着独特的奇观，如日出。此外，也有很多关于它的诗歌。因此，这是一个了解中国传统文化和习俗的好机会。(unique,concern,ntherefore,custom)First,_Mount_Tai_has_unique_wonders,_such_as_the_sunrise._Besides,_there_is_lots_of_poetry_concerning_it._Therefore,_this_is_a_good_chance_for_you_to_understand_traditional_Chinese_cultures_and_customs.(二)课堂重点释疑1．occupyvt.占领；占用(时间、空间等)；使忙碌[记牢](1)occupyoneselfwithsth./indoingsth.忙于(做)某事　　　(2)occupiedadj.忙碌的；占用的beoccupied(in)doingsth.忙于做某事beoccupiedwithsth.从事/忙于某事(3)occupationn.占领；职业，工作[练通]单句语法填空①Asthefinalexaminationsdrawnear,studentsbegintooccupythemselves(they)withthereviewoftheterm'swork.②Pleasefillintheformwithyourname,ageandoccupation(occupy)．③Thetraingotmorejampackedandsoonalloftheseatswereoccupied(occupy)．句型转换④Theworkersoccupiedthemselvesinbuildingnewhouses.→Theworkerswereoccupiedinbuildingnewhouses.⑤WhenIcamein,hewasbeingoccupiedwithhishousework.→WhenIcamein,hewasoccupyinghimselfwithhishousework.[写美]⑥(2017·天津高考书面表达)顺便说一句，我正忙于为即将到来的第十三届全运会做准备。By_the_way,_I_am_occupied_preparing_for_the_coming_13th_National_Games.[联想]　“忙于(做)某事”的其他表达有：bebusy/engagedwithsth.;bebusy/engaged(in)doingsth.等。2．replacevt.替换，代替，取代；把……放回原处[记牢](1)replacesth.with/bysth.　　　用某物替换某物nreplacesb.as取代某人成为……(2)代替某人[练通]单句语法填空①Nowadaysmanyfactorieshavereplacedmostoftheirworkerswith/byrobots.②ThemanagerreplacedBobaschairmanofthecompany.③JohnisillandIwanttoknowwhowillbeinhisplace.一句多译没有人可以取代她父亲在她心中的位置。④No_one_can_replace_her_father_in_her_heart.(replace)⑤No_one_can_take_the_place_of_her_father_in_her_heart.(taketheplaceof)⑥No_one_can_take_her_father's_place_in_her_heart.(takeone'splace)[写美]⑦(2018·北京高考书面表达)北京大学是我梦寐以求的大学，在我心中，没有其他大学能取代它。Peking_University_is_my_dream_university_and_no_other_ones_can_replace_it_in_my_heart.3．raisevt.养育，培养；饲养；举起；增加，提高；筹集(资金)；提及；引起，使出现[辨清]　写出下列句中raise的含义①UNESCOrecentlysetApril30asadaytoraiseawarenessofjazzmusic,itssignificance,anditspotentialasaunifyingvoiceacrosscultures.引起②Pollutioncanalsoraiseaperson'sriskofcancer.增加③Whoeverhasdifficultywiththeproblemcanraiseyourhands.举起④Themotherraisedherchildreninanunusualway.抚养，养育⑤Shehadnotonlylost125pounds,butalsoraised＄25,000forhomelesschildren.筹集(资金)[记牢]　arise,rise,raise,arouse原形词性及词义过去式过去分词现在分词arise(vi.)出现；发生；起身arosearisenarisingnrise(vi.)升起；增长；上升roserisenrisingraise(vt.)举起；抚养；提高raisedraisedraisingarouse(vt.)唤醒；激起arousedarousedarousing[练通]　选用上述单词完成下面语段Oneoftheproblems⑥arisingfromthepresenteconomicsituationisthatthepriceis⑦risingsharply,ofcourse,partlybecausesomeillegalbusinessmen⑧raiseitonpurpose,whichhas⑨arousedsomeobjections.因当前经济形势产生的问题之一是价格迅速上涨。当然，部分原因是一些不法商贩故意提高价格；这种现象已经引起了一片反对之声。[写美]⑩(2018·天津高考书面表达)我相信你的参与会提升我们的信心，这对我们的团队是有益的。I_believe_your_participation_will_raise_our_confidence,_which_is_of_benefit_to_our_team.4．concernn．关心；关注；忧虑vt.涉及；使担忧；对……感兴趣[记牢](1)show/expressconcernabout/for...　　　　　　　　　　　　对……表示关心concernoneselfabout/with...担忧/关心……(2)concernedadj.有关的，担心的beconcernedabout/over/for...关心；挂念beconcernedwith/in...牵扯进/参与……as/sofaras...beconcerned就……而言(3)concerningprep.关于；有关[练通]单句语法填空①Nowadayspeoplearemoreconcernedabout/for/overtheenvironmentwheretheylive.②Thesalesmanageraskedhismentoinformhimofeverythingconcerning(concern)thesalesintime.③Thetheoryofrelativityisconcernedwithtwoseeminglyoppositeideas.单句改错④Youshouldn'teatwhateveryoulikewithoutbeingconcernedunhealthyingredients._concerned后加aboutn句型转换⑤Inmyopinion/view,it'swisenottospendmuchtimeplayingwithsmartphones.→As/SofarasI'mconcerned,_it'swisenottospendmuchtimeplayingwithsmartphones.[写美]⑥(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)为了回应你对如何在中国家庭做客的担忧，我想提供我个人的建议。In_response_to_your_concerns_about_how_to_be_a_guest_in_a_Chinese_family,_I'd_like_to_offer_my_personal_advice.⑦(2018·北京高考书面表达)谈到中国的大学，就我个人而言，我会推荐北京大学。When_it_comes_to_universities_in_China,_as_far_as_I'm_concerned,_I'll_recommend_Peking_University.5．accessvt.进入；接近；使用n.[U]通道；(使用的)机会，权利[记牢](1)accessto...　　　　进入……的通道/入口have/get/gainaccessto...拥有……的机会/权利；可以接近；进入(2)accessibleadj.可接近的；可进入的；可使用的beaccessibleto...可接近的；可靠近的；可使用的[练通]　完成句子①TheMortimerHoteloffers_easy_access_tocentralLondon.从莫蒂默酒店去伦敦市中心很方便。②Wecanhave_access_tovariousinformationweneedthroughthescreen.我们可以通过屏幕获取我们需要的各种信息。③Thefolderwillcontainapagethatis_accessible_toonlysomeusers.此文件夹将包含一个仅部分用户能访问的网页。[用准]　access前通常不加冠词；access和accessible短语中的to都是介词。[写美]④(2017·江苏高考书面表达)电影导演已经做了一些尝试，让更多的观众可以接触到电影。Film_directors_have_made_some_attempts_to_make_films_accessible_to_a_wider_public.6．conclusionn．结论；推论；结束n[记牢](1)cometo/arriveat/draw/reachaconclusion　得出结论inconclusion　　　　　　　　总之；最后(2)concludev.下结论；总结；结束conclude...with...以……结束……toconclude总而言之，最后[练通]单句语法填空①Whenthegroupdiscussionisnearingitsend,besuretoconcludeitwithimportantpoints.②Inconclusion(Toconclude),parentshavetochangesomeoftheirbeliefandideasabouthowchildrenshouldberaised.句型转换③Weconcludethatshe'saverygreatwriter.→Wecometo/arriveat/draw/reachaconclusionthatshe'saverygreatwriter.④Inaword,it'sworthwhiletorebuildtheoldbridge.→Inconclusion/Toconclude,_it'sworthwhiletorebuildtheoldbridge.[写美]⑤(2017·北京高考书面表达)总之，我相信此行会让你既放松又有收益。In_conclusion/To_conclude,_I_believe_that_the_trip_will_be_both_relaxing_and_rewarding.[联想]　表示“总而言之”的其他表达还有：inshort,inbrief,inaword,allinall,tosumup,briefly(speaking),onthewhole等。7．differvi.相异，有区别[记牢](1)differfromsb./sth.(in...)(在……方面)与某人/某物不同(2)differentadj.不同的，有区别的bedifferentfrom...与……不同/有区别(3)differencen.不同，差异，分歧makeadifferenceto对……起作用/产生影响makenodifference不起作用，没有影响[练通]单句语法填空n①Whilecivilizationsintheworlddifferfromoneanotherintheirlengthofhistory,noneofthemissuperiortoanyother.②Beforebirth,babiescantellthedifference(differ)betweenloudsoundsandvoices.③AmericanEnglishissignificantlydifferent(differ)fromBritishEnglish.根据提示完成小片段Theyaretwinsbutthey④are_different_from(不同)eachotherintheirhabitsandtheyalso⑤differ_from_(不同)eachotherinmanybehaviours.Butit⑥makes_no_difference(不影响)totheirlife.[写美]⑦(2018·江苏高考书面表达)关于消费排名，我和你持不同的看法，但我们有必要对它们有一个客观的态度。I_differ_with_your_opinion_on_ratings,_but_it_is_necessary_for_us_to_have_an_objective_attitude_towards_them.8．distinguishvt.区分，辨别；使具有某种特征[记牢](1)distinguish(＝tell)AfromB/betweenAandB　　　　　　　把A和B区分开distinguishoneself表现突出(2)distinguishedadj.著名的，有尊严的bedistinguished(＝famous/wellknown)for...因……而著名(3)distinctionn.区别[练通]单句语法填空①Canyoudistinguishcottonclothfromlinen?②Thescientistisdistinguished(distinguish)foritsdiligenceandcourage.③LangPinghasalreadydistinguishedherselfasagreatvolleyballcoachintheworld.单句改错④Honestlyspeaking,Iadmireyourdistinguishingachievements.distinguishing→distinguished⑤WeallknowthatYuanLongpingisdistinguishedashisachievementsintheareaofrice.nas→for[用准]　distinguish“区别，辨别”，常与介词from连用，意为“区别……和……”；而bedistinguishedfor表示“因……而出名”，相当于befamousfor。[写美]⑥(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)因为你是一位杰出的乒乓球选手，如果你能加入我们的团队并分享你的鼓舞人心的经历，我们将深感荣幸。As_you're_a_distinguished_table_tennis_player,_we_would_feel_deeply_honored_if_you_could_join_our_team_and_share_your_inspiring_experiences.9．convenientadj.便利的，方便的[记牢](1)Itisconvenientforsb.todosth.　　　　　　　　　某人做某事方便beconvenientfor/tosb.对某人来说方便(2)conveniencen.方便；便利的事物forconvenience为了方便atone'sconvenience在某人方便的时候[练通]单句语法填空①BacheletsayssheselecteditforconvenienceandIobservethatitisalsocheap.②SoI'mwritingtoletyouknowthatit'snotconvenient(convenience)formetogobacktoreceivethelaptopathome.单句改错③I'dliketomeetyouatyourconvenienttodiscussthepossibilityofworkinginyourcompany.convenient→convenience一句多译如果你方便的话，应该多进行户外运动。④If_it_is_convenient_for_you,_youshoulddomoreoutdoorexercise.(convenient)⑤If_it_is_at_your_convenience,_youshoulddomoreoutdoorexercise.(convenience)[用准]　convenient作表语时，不可用人作主语，而要用物作主语或用it作形式主语。“当你方便的时候”应为whenitisconvenientforyou，而不是whenyouarenconvenient。[写美]⑥(2018·江苏高考书面表达)不可否认，虽然这种消费排名可能会给消费者带来便利，但它们也经常是误导和不可靠的。There_is_no_denying_that_such_ratings_might_bring_convenience_to_consumers,_but_they_are_often_misleading_and_unreliable.⑦(2015·陕西高考书面表达)如果您有兴趣，请在您最方便的时候向陈老师发送申请电子邮件到chenlaoshi@aef.com.。If_you_are_interested,_please_send_an_application_email_at_your_earliest_convenience_to_Ms_Chen_at_chenlaoshi@aef.com.⑧(2014·湖南高考书面表达)总之，如果我们能有这么一块有魔力的手表，我们的生活将会更加方便。In_a_word,_if_we_had_such_a_magic_watch,_our_life_would_become_more_convenient.[词汇过关综合训练]　Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Cellsdivideandrenewaspartofthehumangrowthprocess(过程)．2．Annatoldmereadingoccupied(占用)mostofherfreetime.3．Solongaswecandefeat(击败)theotherteam,we'llbecomethechampionofcourse.4．AlthoughLuXunParkisnotaverylargepark,ithasaunique(独特的)styleasasymbolofQingdao.5．Hisownopinioncan'trepresent(代表)thatofallthestudents.6．Everystudentshouldlearntomakeadistinction(区别，差别)betweenrightandwrong.7．Everyworkershouldlearntocombine(使联合)workwithpleasure.8．Peoplewhoarecolourblindoftencan'tdistinguish(区别)redfromgreen.9．Asagraduate,Ishouldlearnfromthebeginningtogainsomepractical(实用的)skills.10．Thearrowonasignindicates(显示)thewaytogotothetheatre.11．Itissaidthatpeopleinthatareahavelittleaccess(机会)torecreationalactivitiessuchaswatchingTVorseeingfilms.12．Thisexhibitionisaimedatincreasingknowledgeaboutthecity'nshistory,cultureandcustoms(风俗)．Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．WHOwelcomesChina'scontribution(contribute)ofmobilelaboratorytowestAfricaagainstEbola.2．Itseemswomenarenowmoreattractedtotheconvenience(convenient)ofonlineshopping.3．Wecan，therefore，cometotheconclusion(conclude)thatnothingissopreciousasfreedomintheworld.4．BritishEnglishdiffersobviouslyfromAmericanEnglishinpronunciationandspelling.5．Itisnotagoodideatomissmealsandreplacethemwith/bysnacks.6．What'smore,sherepresentedtheschoolto_attend(attend)theEnglishDebating.7．Personally,teamworkmeansweshouldtrytocombineourideaswithothers'.8．Thetwinslookedsoalikethatwecouldn'tdistinguishtheonefromtheother.Ⅲ.单句改错1．Ifitisconvenientwithyoutoday,pleaseposttheletterformeonyourwayhome.with→to/for2．Ithinkweshouldbansmokeinparksaswell.smoke→smoking3．JohnisillandIwanttoknowwhoisgoingtotakeplaceofhim.take后加the4．Ourschoolprovidesalltheseniorstudentswitheasyaccesstoreadbooks.read→reading5．Hefounditembarrassingtospeakinfrontofsomanypeople.embarrassing→embarrassed6．Finally,hereachedtoaconclusionthatTomwasn'tthethief.去掉to7．Duringthemeeting,hardlyhadhebeguntospeakwhentheaudienceinterruptedwithhim.去掉with8．AsfarasI'mconcern,Ipreferbeeftochicken.concern→concernedⅣ.完成句子1．Ilivejustbythemarket,andit's_very_convenient_to_go_shopping.n我家就住在商场旁边，买东西很方便。2．Theteacheraskedustocombine_the_two_short_sentencestomakeanewsentence.老师让我们把这两个短句合成一个新的句子。3．Theyarrived_at_a_conclusionafterseverallongdiscussions.经过数次长时间的讨论之后，他们得出了结论。4．Allthepeoplefixedtheireyesonme,whichmade_me_feel_very_embarrassed.所有的人都把目光盯着我，使我感到很尴尬。5．Nowadayseveryparenthas_access_to_the_educational_resources.现在每个家长都有机会使用教育资源。(一)课前自主学习1．be_made_up_of　　　　　　　由……组成(构成)2．consist_of由……组成(构成)3．name_after[串记1]以……命名4．aside_from除……之外5．take_control_of控制，取得对……的控制6．lead_to导致7．ought_to应该，应当8．differ_from和……不同，不同于9．stand_for代表，象征10．as_a_whole总体上，作为整体11．make_contributions_to对……做出贡献12．go_through经历；浏览，仔细检查13．take_..._into_consideration考虑……14．pick_up捡起；中途接人；无意中学会15．at_one_time[串记2]曾经，一度；一次16．in_a_word[串记3]总之17．leave_out排除；不包括；漏掉[同根短语串记]串记1.name短语集合①nameafter以……命名　　　　②byname名义上；名叫n③by/inthenameof以……名义④callone'sname点名串记2.“时间”都去哪儿了①atatime每次；一次②atonetime曾经，一度③atthetime在那时；在那段时间④allthetime一直；一向⑤alltime全部时间⑥alltimes常常串记3.“总之”说法种种①inaword②asawhole③(all)inall④inconclusion⑤inshort/brief⑥ingeneral⑦toconclude1．differentcountriesandcultures　　　不同国家和文化背景2．beforethemiddleofthe5thcentury公元5世纪中叶以前3．attheendofthe9thcentury在公元9世纪末4．theofficiallanguage官方语言5．withsimilarmeanings有着相似的意思6．borrowmanywordsfrom_French借用了许多法语单词7．raiseanimals饲养动物8．makewordsplural单词变复数9．comeintowidespreaduse广泛使用1．That_is_whyEnglishhassomanydifficultrulesthatconfusepeople.这就是英语有那么多让人困惑的规则的原因。2．AftertheNormanConquest,highclasspeoplespokeFrenchwhile_common_people_spoke_English.诺曼征服之后，上层阶级的人说法语，而普通人说英语。3．TheChineselanguagediffersfromWesternlanguagesin_that,_insteadofanalphabet,itusescharacterswhichstandforideas,objectsordeeds.汉语与许多西方语言的不同之处在于汉语使用的基本单位汉字代表某一种含义、物体或事情，而不是一种字母。4．Not_all_charactersweredevelopedfromdrawingsofobjects.并不是所有的汉字都是从物体的图画演变而来。5．Whilethestudentsfoundthesoldier'sideainteresting,thesystemwastoondifficulttobe_of_practical_use.虽然学生们觉得士兵的想法有趣，但这一方法太过复杂，并不实用。[学考对接·活学活用]高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词块和句式1．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ阅读A)Ourmonthlytalksstartat19：30onthefirstThursdayofeachmonthexcept(aside_from)August.(用本单元短语升级加黑词汇)2．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ阅读D)With500yearsofhistory,HamptonCourtwasonce(at_one_time)thehomeoffourKingsandoneQueen.(用本单元短语替换加黑词汇)3．(2015·湖南高考阅读A)It'sabouttimetheyhadtoberegisteredandinsured,sowhentheydohitapedestrianoravehicle,orcause(lead_to)anaccident,atleasttheycanbetracedandtheremightbeanopportunitytoclaim.(写出加黑词在本单元的同义短语)高考采撷(二)　写作中的短语和句式(根据提示翻译句子)1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)在中国家庭做客非常有趣且有意义。我希望我说的对你有帮助。(beof＋n.)Being_a_Chinese_family's_guest_is_interesting_and_meaningful._I_hope_what_I_have_said_would_be_of_help_to_you.2．(2018·江苏高考书面表达)并不是所有的消费排名都是准确的，所以你可以把它们作为一个参照点，但不能完全依赖它。(部分否定)Not_all_ratings_are_accurate,_so_you_can_use_them_as_a_reference_point_but_can't_completely_depend_on_them.(二)课堂重点释疑[短语集释]1．consistof由……组成，由……构成[记牢](1)consistof＝bemadeupof＝becomposedof由……组成　　　　　(2)consistin＝liein存在于……；在于……consistwith一致；符合(3)consistentadj.相容的，一致的beconsistentwith和……一致/相符[练通]　一句多译这个出国考察团队由50人组成。n①Theresearchteamabroadconsists_of_50_people.②Theresearchteamabroadis_made_up_of_50_people.③Theresearchteamabroadis_composed_of_50_people.这座城市的美在于它建筑物的独特风格。④Thebeautyofthecityconsists_intheuniquestyleofitsbuildings.⑤Thebeautyofthecitylies_intheuniquestyleofitsbuildings.这条消息与报纸上所说的是一致的。⑥Theinformationconsists_withwhatissaidinthenewspaper.⑦Theinformationis_consistent_withwhatissaidinthenewspaper.[用准]　consistof无被动形式，也不用于进行时态。[写美]⑧(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)你们的活动任务包括欣赏电影，然后进行热烈的讨论，并给出你自己的评论。Your_task_of_the_activity_consists_of_enjoying_the_movie,_having_a_heated_discussion_afterwards_and_giving_your_own_comments.2．leadto导致；通向[记牢]leadto(one's/one)doingsth.　导致(某人)做某事leadsb.todosth.使某人做某事lead/livea...life过……样的生活leadtheway引路，带路leadsb.bythenose牵着某人的鼻子走[练通]单句语法填空①Studyingbabies'playmayleadtoabetterunderstandingofscience.②Iwanttoknowwhatledyouto_take(take)upactingasacareer.完成句子③Thereceptionistled_the_waytotheboardroom.接待员领路来到会议室。④Onlyinpeacefulcountriescanthepeoplelead/live_a_happy_life.只有在和平的国家，人民才能过上幸福的生活。[用准]　leadto中的to是介词，后接名词、代词或动词ing形式。表示“导致”的短语还有：resultin,contributeto，accountfor等。[写美]n⑤(2017·天津高考书面表达)我正过着快乐而又充实的生活，忙着备考高考。I'm_leading_a_happy_and_full_life,_busy_with_my_lessons_for_the_College_Entrance_Examination.3．standfor代表，象征[记牢]standout　　　　　　　　突出，显眼standby支持；旁观standaside站到一边standonone'sfeet站起来；自食其力standup站起来standupfor支持；维护(权利)[练通]　介、副词填空①InChina,theChineseknotsstandforfriendship,loveandgoodluck.②Someparentsworryabouttheirchildrenwhoarenotabletostandupforthemselvesinlife.③GoodHeavens!Howcouldyoustandbyandallowsuchathingtohappen!④Afterseveralroundsofcompetition,thelittlegirlstoodoutbecauseofherexcellentspokenEnglishandquickresponse.⑤Theoldmancouldhardlystandonhisfeetinthestrongstorm.⑥Standasideandlettheambulancepastfirst![写美]⑦(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)在中国，红色代表美丽、生命和幸福，所以你可以穿红色衣服去拜访一个中国家庭。In_China,_red_stands_for_beauty,_life_and_happiness,_so_you_can_visit_a_Chinese_family_dressed_in_red.[句式集释]1．部分否定[教材原句]　Not_all_charactersweredevelopedfromdrawingsofobjects.[悟拓展例句](1)Whileonlineshoppinghaschangedourlife,not_allofitseffectshavebeenpositive.尽管网购已经改变了我们的生活，但并非它的所有影响都是积极的。(2)NothinginmylifeimpressedmesodeeplyasmyfirstvisittothePalacenMuseum.我的一生中，印象最深的就是第一次参观故宫博物院。[析用法规则]用法归纳(1)部分否定：否定词not与both,all,every,each,everybody,everything等不定代词或形容词连用，意为“不都是，并非都”。(2)完全否定：常用no,none,never,nobody,nothing,neither,noone等表示。注意事项部分否定：notboth/all/every/each/everybody/everything/...＝both/all/every/each/everybody/everything/...not...例如：Allthesebooksarenotpopularwithpeople.＝Notallthesebooksarepopularwithpeople.[背写作佳句](1)(2017·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)Asyouknow,notallofusdowellinplayingpingpong.(要点句)(2)(2018·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)Nothingmakesmehappierthanhearingfromyou.(要点句)2．“beof＋名词”结构[教材原句]　Whilethestudentsfoundthesoldier'sideainteresting,thesystemwastoodifficulttobe_of_practical_use.[悟拓展例句](1)Itisofgreatimportanceforcollegestudentstomasteraforeignlanguage.＝Itis_very_importantforcollegestudentstomasteraforeignlanguage.对大学生来说，掌握一门外语是很重要的。(2)Thetwinsistersare_of_a_sizeandtheskirtfitseachofthemexactly.这对双胞胎姐妹的身材一样，这件裙子两个人穿都非常合适。(3)Thearmyandthepeopleare_of_one_family.＝Thearmyandthepeoplebelongtoonefamily.军民是一家。(4)Ourbuildingwas_of_bricks.＝Ourbuildingwasbuiltofbricks.我们的楼房是砖建的。[析用法规则]n用法归纳(1)在“beof＋抽象名词”结构中，of短语相当于这个名词的同根形容词，常用的名词有：use，importance，help，value，interest，quality，service,benefit,necessity等。(2)“beof＋(表示种类、颜色、年龄、形状、价格等)名词”多用来表示主语的特征。常用的名词有：kind,age,colour,size，height,shape,type,way,price等。(3)“beof＋集合名词或其他类型的名词”，相当于belongto或have。of表示归属关系或“有”的意思。常用的名词有：family,blood，race,origin等。(4)“beof＋物质名词”表示主语是“用某种材料构成或制作的”，相当于bemadeof或bebuiltof。注意事项“beof＋名词”也可以表示“来源、组成”。如：Hewasofapoorpeasantfamily.他出身贫农家庭。Thecommitteeisofsevenpeople.该委员会由7人组成。[背写作佳句](1)(2017·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)Ithinkit'sofgreatuseforyoutovisitthepapercuttingexhibition.(要点句)(2)(2018·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)Thisactivityisofgreatsignificance,soeveryoneofyoushouldtakepartinitactively.(要点句)[词块、句式过关综合训练]　Ⅰ.选词填空leaveout，gothrough，nameafter，leadto，pickup,asawhole,consistof,takecontrolof,standfor,oughtto1．Therestofthefurnitureconsists_ofabed,atableandfourchairs,whicharemadeofsteelandwood.2．Thearmytook_control_ofthecityafterthepresident'sfallfrompower,whichleftthewholecountryinamess.3．Thechildwasnamed_afterhisfather,givenhisfather'sfirstname.4．Toomuchworkandtoolittlerestoftenlead_toillness.n5．Sampicked_upsomeknowledgeofthecomputerjustbywatchingothersworkingonit.6．As_a_whole,_theweatherhasbeenfinethismonth.7．ThefourH'sstand_forhead,heart,hands,andhealth.8．Ifweallsticktogether,weought_tosucceedoneday.9．Asfortheaccident,heonlytoldusthemainfacts,leaving_outmostofthedetails.10．Thecompanywent_throughadifficulteconomicperiodintheearly1990s,butmanagedtorecoveritsfinancialstrengthwithgreateffort.Ⅱ.翻译句子1．奥运旗上的五环代表什么？(standfor)What_do_the_five_rings_on_the_Olympic_flag_stand_for?2．众所周知，是人类的活动导致了全球变暖。(leadto)As_we_all_know,_it_is_human_activity_that_leads_to_the_global_warming.3．生活既有阳光，也有艰难的时候。(consistof)Life_consists_of_not_only_sunshine_but_also_hard_times.4．并非人人都喜欢这本书。(部分否定)Not_everyone_likes_this_book.5．这本书对历史系的学生是十分有帮助的。(beof＋抽象名词)The_book_will_be_of_great_help_to_students_of_history_department._Ⅲ.分步写作假定你是李华，你们班同学打算在9月10日晚上7点于办公楼603房间一起观看央视频道《经典咏流传》中的一期节目。你听说正在你校学习汉语的美国交换生Albert对中国古诗词很感兴趣。请用英语给他写一封邮件，邀请他一同观看。内容包括：1．时间和地点；2．内容：欣赏以歌曲形式咏唱的经典古诗词；3．提醒：提前简要了解一些中国经典古诗词，观后一起谈感受。注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：《经典咏流传》EverlastingClassicsHiAlbert，　nYours，LiHua第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点本文属于应用文中的邀请信，时态为一般现在时，人称主要是第一、二人称。本写作可分为三个部分：一、先发出邀请——观看综艺节目；二、简要描述节目内容，提醒节目后的安排；三、期待对方的参与。要点1：我写信是想邀请你和我们一起观看一档有吸引力的综艺节目。(join,attractive,varietyshow)I'm_writing_to_invite_you_to_join_us_in_watching_an_attractive_variety_show.要点2－①：许多中国古典诗歌以通俗歌曲的形式表演出来。(classical,perform)A_lot_of_classical_Chinese_poems_are_performed_in_the_form_of_popular_songs.要点2－②：我们打算看完节目后一起交流一下看法。(exchange)We_plan_to_exchange_our_reviews_after_watching_the_show_together.要点3：我期待着你的参与。(participation)I'm_looking_forward_to_your_participation.第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼要点1，点出写信的原因，添加综艺节目的具体名字，并补充活动开展的具体时间、地点；要点2，对这个节目给予一定的评价(ahitprogramonCCTV)，同时指出该节目对学习汉语有益，并建议提前简要了解一些中国经典古诗词；要点3，指出观看该节目的意义。拓展1：听说你对中国古典诗歌很感兴趣，我写信邀请你和我们一起在9月10日晚上7点于办公楼603房间观看一个有吸引力的综艺节目，叫做《经典咏流传》。(现在分词短语作原因状语，过去分词短语作后置定语)Knowing_you_show_great_interest_in_classical_Chinese_poetry,_I'm_writing_to_invite_you_to_join_us_in_watching_an_attractive_variety_show_called_Everlasting_Classics_at_7：00_p．m._on_September_10th_in_Room_603_in_the_Office_Building.拓展2－①：这是中央电视台的一档热门节目，将许多中国古典诗歌以通俗歌曲的形式表演出来。我相信有些诗歌对你的汉语学习有很大的帮助。(ahitprogram,where引导的定语从句，beof＋抽象名词)It_is_a_hit_program_on_CCTV,_where_a_lot_of_classical_Chinese_poems_are_performed_in_the_form_of_popular_songs._I_believe_some_poems_are_of_great_use_to_your_Chinese_learning.拓展2n－②：我们打算看完节目后一起交流一下看法，所以你最好提前了解一些要展示的诗歌和它们的背景。(oughtto)We_plan_to_exchange_our_reviews_after_watching_the_show_together,_so_you_ought_to_learn_in_advance_some_poems_to_be_shown_and_their_background.拓展3：我期待着你的参与，相信你会很喜欢这档节目并从中学到很多东西。(并列句，宾语从句)I'm_looking_forward_to_your_participation_and_I_believe_you_will_enjoy_it_and_learn_a_lot.第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡本写作是一封邮件，开头可用书信问候语“Howiseverything？”。全文根据要点表述可划分为三个段落。此外，各要点之间衔接流畅，逻辑清晰，无须额外添加衔接词。Hi_Albert，How_is_everything?_Knowing_you_show_great_interest_in_classical_Chinese_poetry,_I'm_writing_to_invite_you_to_join_us_in_watching_an_attractive_variety_show_called_Everlasting_Classics_at_7：00_p．m._on_September_10th_in_Room_603_in_the_Office_Building.It_is_a_hit_program_on_CCTV,_where_a_lot_of_classical_Chinese_poems_are_performed_in_the_form_of_popular_songs._I_believe_some_poems_are_of_great_use_to_your_Chinese_learning._We_plan_to_exchange_our_reviews_after_watching_the_show_together,_so_you_ought_to_learn_in_advance_some_poems_to_be_shown_and_their_background.I'm_looking_forward_to_your_participation_and_I_believe_you_will_enjoy_it_and_learn_a_lot.Yours，Li_Huan理清文体结构之(八)　说明文之人物类——抓说明方法，巧用行文结构解题人物类说明文往往突出人物的重要贡献或历史地位，这一点往往从文章的主题句中体现出来。在说明人物的过程中会使用各种说明方法，这些方法对理解全文有着很大帮助，也是高考命题的切入点。另外，文章的行文结构也至关重要，依据行文结构可预知文章大意，对解题大有益处。[抓人物说明方法，理行文结构][高考典例]　2018·浙江卷·A篇[读文解题技法]In1812,theyearCharlesDickenswasborn,therewere66novelspublishedinBritain.Peoplehadbeenwritingnovelsforacentury—mostexpertsdatethefirstnoveltoRobinsonCrusoein1719—butnobodywantedtodoitprofessionally.Thesteampoweredprintingpresswasstillinitsearlystages;theliteracy(识字)rateinEnglandwasunder50%.Manyworksoffictionappearedwithoutthenamesoftheauthors,oftenwithsomethinglike“Byalady.”Novels,forthemostpart,werelookeduponassilly,immoralorjustplainbad.In1870,whenDickensdied,theworldmournedhimasitsfirstprofessionalwriterandpublisher,famousandbeloved,whohadledanexplosioninboththepublicationofnovelsandtheirreadershipandwhosecharacters—fromOliverTwisttoTinyTim—wereheldupasmoraltouchstones.TodayDickens’greatnessisunchallenged.Removinghimfromthepantheon(名人堂)ofEnglishliteraturewouldmakeaboutasmuchsenseastheLouvresellingofftheMonaLisa.→比喻HowdidDickensgettothetop？Forallthefeelingsreadersattachtostories,literature1.略读全文知行文结构本文的三个并列结构为：(1)狄更斯出生前英国小说的现状。(2)狄更斯去世后人们对他的评价。(3)狄更斯对英国文学的影响。2.跳读全文标说明方法(1)对比通过狄更斯出生前及去世后英国小说的现状对比，说明他在英国文学中的重要性。(2)比喻第二段最后一句为比喻句，把他从英国文学的名人堂移除就跟卢浮宫廉价出售《蒙娜丽莎》的感觉一样。3.速读查找文章主题句nisanumbersgame,andthetestoftimeisextremelydifficulttopass.Some60,000novelswerepublishedduringtheVictorianage,from1837to1901；todayacasualreadermightbeabletonameahalfdozenofthem.It’spartlytruethatDickens’styleofwritingattractedaudiencesfromallwalksoflife.It’spartlythathiswritingsrodeawaveofsocial,politicalandscientificprogress.Butit’salsothatherewrotethecultureofliteratureandputhimselfatthecenter.Noonewilleverknowwhatmixoftalent,ambition,energyandluckmadeDickenssuchadistinguishedwriter.Butasthe200thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itispossible—andimportantforourownculture—tounderstandhowhemadehimselfalastingone.→主题句速读文章，可知最后一段最后一句为主题句。[利用方法巧解题]21．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribes？A．Theyweredifficulttounderstand.B．Theywerepopularamongtherich.C．Theywereseenasnearlyworthless.D．Theywerewrittenmostlybywomen.22．Dickensisinthetexttostress________.A．hisreputationinFranceB．hisinterestinmodernartC．hissuccessinpublicationD．hisimportanceinliterature23．Whatistheauthor’sinwritingthetext?A．Torememberagreatwriter.B．TointroduceanEnglishnovel.C．Toencouragestudiesonculture.D．TopromotevaluesoftheVictorianage.21．18世纪英国小说狄更斯出生前的现状，分析第一段最后一句得出答案。22．和《蒙娜丽莎》对比第二段中的“比喻”句，即可推知答案。n23．写文目的第三段中的“主题句”，即可推知答案。[答案]　21.C　22.D　23.A