2018_2019学年高中英语module6warandpeacesectionⅳlanguagepointsⅱ 22页

SectionⅣLanguagePointsⅡ（GulturalCorner&OtherParts）　　　Ⅰ.ReadthepassageonP79andputthesentencesinthecorrectorder.A．TogetherwithPrivateKowalski,thewriterenteredthevillage.B．ThewritertookpartintheDDaylandings.C．Hewentintothebarbershoptohavehisfaceshavedandhishaircut.D．TwodayslaterhefoundhimselfoutsideapeacefulvillageinFrance.E．ThesoldiersandtheFrenchpeopledranktocelebratethevictory.F．ThetwoofthemwerewarmlywelcomedbysomeFrenchmen.答案：BDAFCEⅡ.ChoosethebestansweraccordingtothetextonP79.1．Whentheauthorandhiscompanionsenteredthevillage,theyhesitatedbecause________.A．manyoftheirfriendswerekilledbytheenemyB．theremightstillhavebeenmanyenemysoldiersC．theenemyhadabandonedthevillageD．therestoftheircompanyhadn’tarrived2．Accordingtothetext,whatmadetheauthorandhiscompanionsfeelastonished?A．ReceivingtheconfidentialorderstojointheDDaylandingtroops.B．Fivemenwithgunsgatheringaroundthem.C．Somewomenappearingandkissingtheminthevillage.D．FindingthemselvesoutsideapeacefulvillageinFrance.3．Inthetext,“He...gavemethebestshaveIhadhadinyears”meansthat________.A．thebarberwasexpertinshavingforcustomersB．withoutthetools,theauthorcouldn’tshavebyhimselfC．becauseofthewar,theauthordidn’tshaveforalongtimeD．theauthorhadnomoneytohaveashave4．Theysaid“cheers”anddranktoliberationandtotheFrenchConstitutioninorderto________.nA．showtheyhopedthevillagerswouldsoonbefreeandingoodhealthB．thankthevillagersforthefoodandfortheirwelcomeC．celebratefreedomandthereturntopoweroftheFrenchgovernmentD．introducetherestofthecompanytothevillagers5．Theauthorfeltthatallthefearanddangerhadbeenworthwhilebecause________.A．thevillagerstreatedthemlikeheroesB．theycheckedthatthevillagewassafeC．theydrankandcheeredwiththevillagersD．thevillagersgavethemperfumefortheirgirlfriends答案：1～5　BDCCAⅠ.单词拼写1．Aftersixhoursontheroof,thegunmansurrendered(投降)tothepolice.2．Jacksatonthesofa,yelling(叫喊)athissister,butshecompletelyignoredhim.3．Thehousewasina(n)mess(混乱的局面)afterthepartyandwespentnearlyanhourtidyingit.4．That’smypersonalview(观点)ofwhatvaluesare.5．Herparentsmademanysacrifices(牺牲)sothatshecouldgotouniversity.6．Wehadalongwait,butitwasworthwhile(值得做的)becausewegotthetickets.7．Allthepeopleontheshipwereinsafetydespite(不管；尽管)thestorm.8．I’vejustbeeninformedthatmybaggage(行李)hadalreadyarrived.9．Hedropped(扔)theglassontotheground,breakingitintopieces.10．Thisantismokingcampaign(活动)ismainlyaimedatyoungteenagers.Ⅱ.拓展词汇1．senselessadj.无意义的，欠思考的→sensen．感觉；感官vt.感觉到；明白，了解→sensibleadj.明智的，理智的；合理的→sensitiveadj.敏感的，感觉敏锐的2．couragen．勇气，胆量→encouragev．鼓舞，鼓励→discouragevt.使……泄气3．memorableadj.难忘的，特别的，值得回忆的→memoryn．记忆力，回忆，记忆→memorizev．记住，记录，记下4．unloadv．卸下→loadv．&n．装载，负担5．cheersint.(用于祝酒)祝你健康→cheerv．欢呼；喝彩n6．liberationn．解放→liberatev．解放，使获自由7．armv．装备；武装→armedadj.携带武器的；武装的8．disagreementn．争论，矛盾，意见不合→agreementn．协议；一致[巧记单词]词根词形变化构词点拨sensesenseless名词加less构成具有否定意义的形容词courageencourageen加名词构成动词Ⅲ.补全短语1．inthedistance　　　　　在远处2．beannoyedwithsb.被……惹恼，对……很恼火3．beinvolvedin卷入，涉及4．toone’sastonishment令某人惊讶的是5．drinkto为……干杯，祝酒6．inreturn作为报答7．atwar交战8．setout出发9．drawattentionto引起对……的注意10．inthefaceof面对1．[教材原句]JamesRyanisthefourthbrothertobeinvolvedintheSecondWorldWar.詹姆斯·瑞恩是被卷入第二次世界大战漩涡的第四个兄弟。[句型点拨]此句中使用了“the＋序数词(＋n.)＋动词不定式”的结构，动词不定式作定语。[佳句赏析](2017·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)我相信你会是我朋友中第一个爱上唐诗的外国朋友。I’msureyou’llbethefirstforeignfriendtofallinlovewithTangPoetryamongmyfriends.2．[教材原句]...afteradayfightingandseeingmanyofmyfriendskilledbytheenemy,wefoundourselvesoutsideapeacefulvillageinFrance.……经过一天的战斗，并亲眼目睹我的很多朋友被敌军残杀后，我们发现我们来到了一个宁静的法国村庄外面。[句型点拨]句中foundourselvesoutside是“find＋宾语＋宾补”的一种形式，此句中的宾语补足语为介词短语。n[佳句赏析]我一到北京就发现自己到了一个全新的世界。IfoundmyselfinanentirelynewworldthemomentIarrivedinBeijing.3．[教材原句]Neverinthefieldofhumanconflictwassomuchowedbysomanytosofew.人类斗争的历史上从来没有这样以少胜多的情况。[句型点拨]本句是以否定副词never开头的句子，所以句子要用部分倒装形式。[佳句赏析]我从来没有读过这样的故事。NeverhaveIreadsuchstories.ReadingandVocabularyDDay＋2Toourastonishment,justtwodaysafterwehadreceivedourconfidentialorderstojointheDDaylandingtroops,andafteradayfightingandseeingmanyofmyfriendskilledbytheenemy,wefoundourselvesoutsideapeacefulvillageinFrance.Itwassosudden,afterthemessandconfusionofwaronthebeach.Itwaslateafternoon,andthesunwassettingonaperfectcountrysceneoffarmbuildings,amainstreet,afewshops,agarageandachurch.Butwehesitatedbecausewewereawarethattheremightstillhavebeenenemysoldiers.OurlieutenanttoldPrivateKowalskiandmetoadvanceandcheckthevillage.Asweenteredthemainstreet,ayoungwomanonatractordroveoutofthegarage,sawusandcalledoutsomethinginFrench.Immediatelyfivemencameoutofthebar,andtwomorefromafarmyard,holdingguns.Itookoffmyhelmetandyelled,“American！Putyourgunsdown！”Theygatheredroundus,shoutingandshakingourhands.Somewomenappearedandkissedus.Wesoonunderstoodthattheenemyhadabandonedthevillage,soKowalskiwentbacktotheotherstoletthemknowitwassafe.Iwalkedintoabarbershopandstrokedmychin,toshowIneededtoshave.Thebarberhadamagnificentmoustache,whichheusedwaxtokeepinshape.Hefilledatinwithcoldwater,andtookoutarazorfromadrawer.Heusedaleathersharpenerontherazor,andthengavemethebestshaveIhadhadinyears.Finallyhepickedupapairofscissorsandacomb,andcutmyhair.Whentherestofourcompanyarrived,theyunloadedtheirbaggageandbeddingwhilethevillagersbroughtoutsomejarsofwine,andlaidatableinthemiddleofthestreet,whichtheythencoveredwithplatesofpotatoesandcarrots,hamandnsausages.Someoneshouted“Cheers！”inEnglishandwealldranktoliberationandtotheFrenchconstitution.Someofourboyshadnevertastedwinebefore,andspatitout,thinkingitwasvinegar.Wegavestockingstothewomen,whichtheyloved,andinreturn,theygaveusperfumeforourgirlfriends.IwastooashamedtoadmitthatIwastooyoungtohaveagirlfriend.Butthevillagerstreateduslikeheroes,andforabriefmoment,Ifeltthatallthefearanddangerhadbeenworthwhile.ButIalsorememberedmyfriendswhohaddiedearlierthatday,andwonderediftheywouldhaveagreed.D日登陆＋2使我们吃惊的是，就在我们接到加入D日登陆部队的机密命令后仅仅两天，经过一天的战斗并亲眼目睹我的很多朋友被敌军残杀后，我们发现我们来到了一个宁静的法国村庄外面。在经过了海滩战斗的混乱局面之后，一切是那么突然。天色已近黄昏，阳光照在农舍、大街、几个商店、车库和教堂上，一片完美的乡村景色。但是我们迟疑着，因为我们意识到或许那里还有敌兵。我们的少尉让我和士兵科瓦尔斯基前去查看一下村庄。当我们进入大街时，一位年轻女子把拖拉机开出车库，看见我们用法语大叫着什么。立刻有五个男人从酒吧里出来，还有两个人从农田里端着枪出来。我摘下头盔大喊：“美国人！把枪放下！”他们聚集在我们周围，叫喊着，跟我们握手。一些妇女出现了并和我们亲吻。我们很快明白了，敌军已撤出了村子，所以科瓦尔斯基回去告诉其他人这里很安全。我走进理发店，摸着下巴以表示我需要刮胡子。理发师留着漂亮的胡须，还用了定型蜡。他把一个小罐装满凉水，从抽屉里拿出剃刀。他在一个皮革的磨具上磨剃刀，然后给我刮了一次多年来最好的胡子。最后他拿起一把剪子和一个梳子为我理发。当全连其他人员赶到后，村民们在他们卸下行李和铺盖的时候，拿出几瓶葡萄酒，在街中间摆开桌子，然后在上面摆满了一盘盘的土豆、胡萝卜、火腿和香肠。有人用英语大喊“干杯！”，于是我们都为解放和法国宪法干杯。我们的男孩中有一些以前从未尝过葡萄酒，把它吐了出来，还以为是醋呢。我们送给妇女们丝袜，她们非常喜欢，作为回礼，她们给我们香水要我们送给女朋友。我感到难为情，不愿承认太小还没有女朋友。但村民把我们像英雄一样对待，一瞬间我觉得所有的恐惧和危险是值得的。但我又想起了我那天死去的朋友，不知道他们是否也这样认为。ReadingPracticeWinstonChurchill’sSpeechesWinstonChurchilliswellknownasastatesman,politicianandastheBritishPrimeMinisterduringmostoftheSecondWorldWar.Heisespeciallyfamousforhisnspeecheswhichmanybelievemadepeopleevenmoredeterminedtodefeattheenemy.Manyofthesespeechescontainedlineswhicharerememberedeventoday.Churchillmadeoneofhisgreatestspeechesin1940,whenhewasinvitedtobecomePrimeMinisterofBritain,andtheleaderofanewgovernment.Thecountryhadbeenatwarforovereightmonths,andheknewthatitwouldsuffermanygreatdefeatsbeforeitwouldbegintowinthewar.Soon13May1940hepromisedtheHouseofCommons：“IwouldsaytotheHouse,asIsaidtothosewhohavejoinedtheGovernment,‘Ihavenothingtoofferbutblood,toil,tearsandsweat.’”Amonthlater,theGermanyarmyhadadvancedacrossnorthernEurope,andtheBritishArmyhadretreatedtothecoastoftheEnglishChannel.TheonlyescapewastocrosstheseabacktoEngland.HundredsofsmallboatssetoutfromportsontheEnglishcoasttobringbackthesoldiersfromthebeachesofDunkirkinFrance.ButChurchillencouragedpeoplethatthiswasonlyatemporarydefeatinaspeechwhichincludedthewords,“Weshallfightonthebeaches,weshallfightonthelandinggrounds,weshallfightinthefieldsandinthestreets,weshallfightinthehills;weshallneversurrender.”On18June1940,ChurchillgaveanotherfinespeechwhenhedrewattentiontothecourageofeveryonedefendingBritain.“Inyearstocome，”hesaid,“...menwillsay,‘Thiswastheirfinesthour.’”TheGermanscontinuedtheirattacksonBritainfromtheair.AsmallnumberofpilotsresistedthemuchlargerGermanAirForce.Germanylostmanyairplanes,andwasforcedtochangetheirstrategy.Britainwasnolongerthreatenedbyanearlyinvasion,andon20August1940,hesaid,“Neverinthefieldofhumanconflictwassomuchowedbysomanytosofew.”Intwoyears,Germanybegantolosesomeimportantbattles.AfteradefeatinNorthAfrica,on10November1942hemadeaspeechwiththefamouswords,“Nowthisisnottheend.Itisnoteventhebeginningoftheend.Butitis,perhaps,theendofthebeginning.”ManypeoplebelievethatChurchill’sleadershipinspiredpeopletoremainbraveinthefaceofNaziGermany.Hisspeechesarestillrememberedandquotedtoday,andremainsomeofthefinestexamplesofspokenEnglish.温斯顿·邱吉尔的演讲n温斯顿·邱吉尔是著名的政治家，在第二次世界大战的大部分时间担任英国首相。他尤其是以他的演讲而著名，许多人认为他的演讲使人民更有决心打败敌人。这些演讲中有许多至今仍然被人们所铭记的话语。1940年邱吉尔做了一次最伟大的演讲，当时他被任命为英国首相，一届新政府的领导人。英国处于战争状态已有八个多月了，他知道在开始赢得胜利之前将会经历许多次很大的失败。因此在1940年5月13日，他在众议院承诺说：“我向你们承诺，和我向政府官员说的一样，’我会奉献我所有的鲜血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水。’”一个月后，德国军队开进欧洲北部，英军撤退到英吉利海峡海岸。唯一的逃跑方法是跨过大海，撤回英国。成百上千艘小船从英国海岸的港口出发，以运回在法国敦刻尔克海滩上的士兵。但在一次演讲中邱吉尔鼓励人们，他称这仅是一次暂时的失败，演讲中包括这些话：“我们会在海滩上作战，我们会在登陆的土地上作战，我们会在农田里和街道上作战，我们会在山上作战；我们绝不会投降。”1940年6月18日，邱吉尔发表了另外一次精彩的演讲，这次演讲他把注意力集中在激发每一个人保卫英国上。“在以后的日子里，”他说，“……男人们会说：’这是他们最崇高的时刻。’”德军继续从空中进攻英国。少数飞行员抵抗住了比他们多得多的德国空军。德国损失了许多飞机，被迫改变策略。英国不再受早期入侵的威胁，1940年8月20日，他说：“人类斗争的历史上从来没有这样以少胜多的情况。”两年后，德国开始在一些重要战役中失败。1942年11月10日，德军在北非战场挫败之后，邱吉尔做了演讲，其中有几句著名的话：“这不是结束。甚至不是结束的开始。但或许这是开始的结束。”许多人认为是邱吉尔的领导鼓舞了人们在德国纳粹面前保持勇敢。他的演讲至今仍被铭记和引用，其中的一些仍是英语口语的最佳范例。CulturalCornerHowtheUnitedNationsTriestoKeepthePeaceIfyouseesoldierswearingskybluehelmets,theyareUnitedNationspeacekeepers.TheideaofUNpeacekeepersbeganmorethan60yearsago.TheyweretheideaofCanadianForeignMinisterLesterPearson,whowontheNoblePeacePrizeforhiswork.ThefirstUNpeacekeepersweresenttotheMiddleEastin1948.Theyonlywenttoseewhatwashappening,andwerenotarmed.ThefirstarmedUNpeacekeepersweresenttotheMiddleEastin1957whentherewasadisagreementbetweentheBritishandEgyptiangovernmentsabouttheSuezCanal.Sincethen,therehavebeenmorethan50UNpeacekeepingoperations,manyofthemsincetheyear2000.In2003,therewerefifteen,involvingnearly37,000personneln(soldiersandcivilians).UNpeacekeepershaveincludedsoldiersandotherpersonnelfrommorethan120countries.Since2000,mostofthepersonnelhavecomefromPakistan,Bangladesh,IndiaandGhana.TherehavealsobeensoldiersfromChina,Sweden,Denmark,Norway,Finland,Canada,Ireland,ItalyandAustralia.Duringthe1990s,easternEuropeancountriessuchasPolandandtheCzechRepublicalsosentpersonnel.TherehavebeenmanyUNpeacekeepingsuccesses,butalsosomefailures.TheUNcouldn’tstopaterriblecivilwarintheAfricanstateofRwandain1995,despitewarningsofthedangersfromnearbystates.联合国是如何尽力维护和平的如果你看到头戴天蓝色头盔的士兵，他们就是联合国维和部队。成立联合国维和部队的倡议始于60多年前。倡导建立联合国维和部队的人是加拿大外交部长莱斯特·皮尔逊，为此他获得了诺贝尔和平奖。首批联合国维和部队于1948年被派往中东。他们只是为了了解事态发展，并没有配备武器。第一批配备武器的联合国维和部队于1957年被派往中东，当时英国政府和埃及政府就苏伊士运河的问题发生了分歧。自那时起，先后有50多次联合国维和行动，其中许多次行动是自2000年以来进行的。在2003年，进行了15次维和运动，运用了近37000名人员(士兵和文职人员)。联合国维和人员包括士兵和其他人员，他们来自120多个国家。自2000年以来，大多数人员来自巴基斯坦、孟加拉国、印度和加纳。联合国维和士兵也有来自中国、瑞典、丹麦、挪威、芬兰、加拿大、爱尔兰、意大利和澳大利亚的。二十世纪九十年代，东欧一些国家，比如波兰和捷克共和国也派出过维和人员。联合国维和行动虽然取得过多次成功，但也有一些失败。尽管周边国家一再发出危险警告，但联合国没能阻止1995年发生在非洲国家卢旺达的可怕内战。1．At4p．m.on7September1940,348GermanwarplanesbegantodropbombsonLondon.(P75)1940年9月7日下午4点348架德国战斗机开始在伦敦上空扔下炸弹。★dropv．扔下，投下；降低或减少；停止，中断①Medicalsuppliesarebeingdroppedintotheearthquakestrickenarea.正在向地震灾区投放医疗物资。ndropinon　　　　　　　顺便拜访某人dropinat顺便访问某地dropout(of...)退学；脱离；退出②WhenIdropped_in_onhimlastweek,hewasnotin.我上周去拜访他时，他不在。③Onthewaytothesuburbs,wedropped_in_atabookstore.在去郊区的路上，我们顺便去了书店。④Teenagerswhodrop_out_of_highschoolhavetroublefindingjobs.中学辍学的青少年找工作有困难。2．Whichparagraphcontainsthewriter’spersonalviewofthefilm？(P77)哪一段包含了作者对影片的观点？★viewn．观点，看法；风景；视野vt.把……视为……；观看[一词多义]写出下列句中view的汉语意思①Whileclimbingthemountain,weenjoyedthewarmsunshineandabeautifulview.风景②Ifwesitnearthefrontofthebus,we’llhaveabetterview.视野③Igotanopportunitytoviewthemoviebeforeitwasreleased.观看④Inthislecture,Icanonlygiveyouapurelypersonalviewofhowwecanlivelifetothefull.观点，看法(1)inview　　　　　　　　　　在视野范围内inviewof鉴于，考虑到，由于inone’sview/intheviewofsb.在某人看来comeintoview出现pointofview态度，观点；看法haveagoodviewof饱览……(2)view...as...把……看作……⑤Asthecarapproachedthetowncenter,severaltallbuildingscame_into_view.随着汽车驶近镇中心，几座高大的建筑物进入了视野。⑥In_view_oftheweather,theeventwillbeheldindoors.由于天气的缘故，这项赛事将在室内举行。3．SavingPrivateRyanisanunforgettableantiwarfilmandalsoastoryofcouragenandsacrifice.(P77)《拯救大兵瑞恩》是一部令人难忘的反战电影，也是一个关于勇敢和牺牲的故事。★sacrificen．牺牲；祭品v．牺牲①Theyofferedsacrificestothegods.他们向众神献上祭品。(1)sacrifice...for...　　　　　　为……而牺牲……sacrificeone’slifetodosth.牺牲生命来做某事(2)makesacrificesfor为……做出牺牲atthesacrificeof以牺牲……为代价②Manywomensacrifice_interesting_careers_fortheirfamilies.许多女性为了家庭牺牲了有趣的事业。③Theyoungmansacrificedhislifeto_save(save)thechildfromthefire.这个年轻人为了救火中的孩子牺牲了自己的生命。④Heearnedmoney_at_the_sacrifice_ofhishealth.他赚了钱却付出了健康的代价。4．Toourastonishment,justtwodaysafterwehadreceivedourconfidentialorderstojointheDDaylandingtroops,andafteradayfightingandseeingmanyofmyfriendskilledbytheenemy,wefoundourselvesoutsideapeacefulvillageinFrance.(P79)使我们吃惊的是，就在我们接到加入D日登陆部队的机密命令后两天，经过一天的战斗，并亲眼目睹我的很多朋友被敌军残杀后，我们发现我们来到一个宁静的法国村庄外面。★toone’sastonishment(＝totheastonishmentofsb.)令某人惊讶的是①Tomyastonishment,themanliftedtherockeffortlessly.使我惊讶的是，那个男人毫不费劲地把石块举了起来。(1)inastonishment　　　　　　吃惊地(2)astonishv.使吃惊astonishingadj.令人吃惊的astonishedadj.感到吃惊的beastonishedby/at对……感到吃惊②Ihavenoideawhyhemadesuchanastonishing(astonish)decision.我不知道他怎么会作出如此让人惊讶的决定。③Iam_astonished_at/bythefactthathefailedthefinalexam.我对他期末考试不及格这一事实感到很惊讶。[语境串记]　Toourastonishment,thebosswasn’tastonishedattheastonishingnewsthatourteamlostthematch.Andwealllookedathiminastonishment.n使我们吃惊的是，老板对于我们队比赛失败的令人震惊的消息并不感到惊讶。我们都吃惊地看着他。5．Butthevillagerstreateduslikeheroes,andforabriefmoment,Ifeltthatallthefearanddangerhadbeenworthwhile.(P79)但是村民们把我们当成英雄来对待，一时间，我觉得所有的恐怖和危险都是值得的。★worthwhileadj.值得做的，有价值的，有用的①You’dbetterspendyourtimeonsomeworthwhilereading.你最好把时间花在读一些有价值的书上。[易混辨析]词汇释义常用搭配worthwhile值得的Itisworthwhiletodo/doingsth.worth价值，值得sth.beworth＋money(theprice)＝sth.be(well)worthdoing(很)值得做某事worthy值得、应……的；足以……sth.beworthy＋②Idon’tthinkitisworthwhiletaking/to_take(take)thetroubletoexplainthequestiontohim.我认为费力给他解释这个问题是不值得的。③Thereferencebookisworthbuying(buy),becauseitisagreathelpforyourstudy.＝Thereferencebookisworthyto_be_bought(buy),becauseitisagreathelpforyourstudy.＝Thereferencebookisworthyofbeing_bought(buy),becauseitisagreathelpforyourstudy.这本参考书值得买，因为它对你的学习很有帮助。6．ButChurchillencouragedpeoplethatthiswasonlyatemporarydefeatinaspeechwhichincludedthewords...(P81)但是丘吉尔在一次演讲中鼓励人们说这只是暂时的失败，他讲道……★encouragevt.鼓励，支持，鼓动；刺激，促进①Weshouldparticularlyencouragesincereselfcriticismandreceiveitwarmly.我们尤其要鼓励诚恳的自我批评并热心接受。(1)encouragesb.insth.　　　在某方面鼓励某人nencouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事；刺激某人做某事encouragesth.insb./sth.助长……的……，刺激……的……(2)encouragementn.鼓舞，鼓励encouragingadj.鼓舞人心的encouragedadj.受鼓舞的couragen.勇气，胆量②Musicandlightingareusedtoencourage_shoppers_to_buy_more.音乐和灯光用于刺激顾客买更多的东西。③Theyclaimthatsomecomputergamesencourage_violent_behaviour_inchildren.他们声称有些电脑游戏助长孩子们的暴力行为。④Theteacher’sencouragementgavememoreconfidenceandcourage.(encourage)老师的鼓励给了我更多的信心和勇气。7．Neverinthefieldofhumanconflictwassomuchowedbysomanytosofew.(P81)人类斗争的历史上从来没有这样以少胜多的情况。★本句是由never开头的倒装句。否定副词(词组)never,nor,not,hardly,little,seldom,notonly,notuntil等置于句首时，句子的语序要用部分倒装。①NeverwillIforgethisname.我绝对不会忘记他的名字。②Littledid_Rose_care_aboutherownsafety,thoughshewasingreatdangerherself.虽然处境很危险，但罗斯几乎不关心自己的安全。③Notuntilhelefthishomedid_he_begin_to_knowhowimportantthefamilywasforhim.直到离开家，他才开始知道家庭对他是多么重要。8．TheUNcouldn’tstopaterriblecivilwarintheAfricanstateofRwandain1995,despitewarningsofthedangersfromnearbystates.(P83)1995年联合国没能制止非洲国家卢旺达境内的严重内战，尽管周边国家发出了危险警告。★despiteprep.不管，不顾，任凭①Despitethetrafficjamhearrivedhereontime.尽管交通堵塞，他仍然按时到达了。(1)despite＝inspiteof　　　　　　尽管despite/inspiteofthefactthat尽管事实如此n(2)regardlessof不理会，不顾②Despite_the_fact_that_hewasill,hewenttoschoolasusual.尽管他生病了，他还是像往常一样去上学了。③In_spite_of/Despitewhatotherssay,Ithinkthisfilmisverygood.不管别人怎么说，我认为这部电影很好。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．HewontwogoldmedalsonAugust6th,whichwasindeedthemostmemorable(memory)dayofhislife.2．Thewomanwritermadeuphermindtowriteabookinsupportofwomen’sliberation(liberate)．3．Thereweresomedisagreements(disagree)amongthepartnersaboutthewaytodealwiththetrickyproblem.4．WedroppedinattheChineseArtMuseumandspentamostenjoyableafternoonthere.5．Hisparentsmademanysacrificesto_send(send)himtoaprivateschool.6．Thepurposeofthearticlewastodrawattentiontotheproblemsfacedbysingleparents.7．Don’tbeinvolvedintheirquarrel.It’snoneofyourbusiness.8．Thetwocountrieshavebeenatwarfornearlyayearbutthereisnosignthatthewarwillcometoanend.9．IgaveMarysomeredflowers,whichwerebeautiful,and_inreturn,sheinvitedmetoherhouseforcoffee.10．Hiscolleaguesdrank_tohissuccessintheexperiment,andhethankedthemwithasmile.11．Tohis_astonishment(astonish),hisfriendshouldknowthemayorwell.12．IowewhatIamtomyparents.Despitetheirpoverty,theymanagedtosendmetouniversity.13．Sheisviewedasastrongcandidatefortheposition.14．Chineseisbecomingincreasinglypopularintheworld,soMary’sfathernencouragesher_to_study_(study)it.15．Iamthefirstgirlinourvillageto_go(go)tocollege,whichmakesmyparentsveryproud.Ⅱ.完成句子1.在泰山之巅，你可以饱览美丽的日出。OnthetopofMountainTai,youcanhave_a_good_view_ofthebeautifulsunrise.2．令我非常惊讶的是，他在这次事故中没有表现出一丝恐惧。Much_to_my_astonishment/To_my_great_astonishment,_heshowednofearintheaccident.3．我还从没有遇到过这样困难的问题。Neverhave_I_come_acrosssuchadifficultproblem.4．在我选择职业时，我的父母总是鼓励我。Myparentshavealwaysencouraged_me_inmychoiceofcareer.5．等他醒来，发觉自己来到一间完全陌生的房间。Whenheawoke,hefound_himself_in_a_roomhedidn’trecognize.Ⅲ.一句多译1．这个名胜值得参观。①Theplaceofinterestis_worth_a_visit/visiting.(worth)②Theplaceofinterest_is_worthy_of_a_visit/of_being_visited/to_be_visited.(worthy)③It_is_worthwhile_to_visit/visitingtheplaceofinterest.(worthwhile)2．尽管亨利不擅长与人交流，但他还是希望能成为一名推销员。①Although_Henry_is_not_good_at_communicatingwithothers,hestilldreamsofbecomingasalesman.(although)②Despite_the_fact_that_Henry_is_not_good_atcommunicatingwithothers,hestilldreamsofbecomingasalesman.(despite)Ⅰ.根据提示写出单词的正确形式1．Sheaccusedthemofleakingconfidential(机密的)informationaboutherprivatelife.2．Shemademanysacrifices(牺牲)togethersonagoodeducation.3．Withoutrules,peoplewouldliveinchaos(混乱)．4．Mostofthevotersarenowlinedupagainsthimintheelectioncampaignn(活动)．5．Yourbooksandmagazinesarealmostinamess(混乱的局面);goandputtheminorder.6．Justbecausewe’vehadafewdisagreements(disagree),itdoesn’tmeanwearen’tstillfriends.7．Irantowardtheoldwomanandhelpedherunload(load)herbag.8．Wehavespentagreatdealofmemorable(memory)timehere.9．Withalittleencouragement(encourage)fromhisparents,hecouldhavedonebetter.10．Armed(arm)withthenewmachine,asearchpartywentintothecavehopingtofindburiedtreasure.Ⅱ.选词填空toone'sastonishment，beinvolvedin，drinkto，drawattentionto，inview，inreturn，beannoyedwith，inthefaceof1．Wekepttheothercarin_viewforawhile,butthenlostsightofit.2．In2014,theWorldHealthReportdrew_attention_toacriticalworldwideshortageofmorethan4milliondoctors,nurses,andotherhealthcarestaff.3．When_drinking_to_someone’shealth,youraiseyourglassbuttheglassesshouldnottouch.4．Smileatsomeoneandyouaresuretogetasmilein_return.5．Hismotherwas_annoyed_withhimforbeingsorudetotheirneighbors.6．In_the_face_oftheenemy’sfierceattack,theydecidedtogiveapowerfulfightback.7．Hewas_involved_inaseriouscaraccidentasaresultofdrunkdriving.8．To_my_astonishment,_theypublishedmybookandonlysentmetwodollars.Ⅲ.完成句子1．尽管天气不好，昨天晚上看那场电影是值得的。Despite_thebadweather,it_was_worthwhile_to_see/seeingthefilmlastnight.2．我从未见过一个那么愿意帮助处于困境的朋友的人。Neverbeforehave_I_seenamansoreadytohelpafriendintrouble.3.我们的英语老师总是鼓励我们要用英语和外国人交流。OurEnglishteacheralwaysencouraged_us_to_talktoforeignersinEnglish.4．在我看来，应立即采取必要的措施，确保良好的环境。In_my_view,_necessarymeasuresshouldbeimmediatelytakentoensureanicenenvironment.5．他救起了这个溺水的孩子，却牺牲了自己的生命。Herescuedtheboyfromdrowningat_the_sacrifice_ofhisownlife.Ⅳ.完形填空XiuhtezcatlMartinezisn’tatypical16yearold.First,there’shisAztec__1__，whichishardtopronounce.Thenthere’shislonghair,whichhasneverbeencut.Butwhat’smost__2__aboutXiuhtezcatlisnothisnameorhowhelooks.It’showhe__3__histime.Whilemostteensare__4__withsports,friends,andYouTube,Xiuhtezcatlisworkingto__5__theplanet.“Icallmyselfawarrior(勇士)fortheEarth，”hesays.Hepointsoutthatclimatechangeisahugeand__6__problem.Xiuhtezcatlbeganlookingforsolutionswhenhewasjustalittlekid.Hisoldersistersandbrothersrana(n)__7__groupcalledEarthGuardians,whichwasstartedbytheirmom.Firsthesneaked(偷偷溜进)intotheirmeetingstolisten.Soonhewastravelingaroundthecountry—andtheworld.His__8__？Toeducateandinspirepeopleto__9__thefightagainstclimatechange.Today,XiuhtezcatlrunsEarthGuardians.Thegroup__10__withthousandsofkidsaroundtheglobe.Hespeakstostudentsinclassroomsabout__11__theycantaketohelptheplanet.Andhewritesandperformshiphopsongsabouttheenvironment.Xiuhtezcatl__12__thatifmanypeopleadjusttheirhabits,wecan__13__thecausesofclimatechange.“Therearesomanywaysto__14__inyourownlife，”hesays,“__15__changescanhaveahugeinfluence.Turnoffthewaterandlights.Uselessplastic.__16__yourownfood.”He__17__hismessageonTV,online,andthroughhismusic.Andhegivesspeechestoworldleadersandpresidentialcandidates,askingthemtousetheir__18__tostopclimatechange.“Climatechangesoundsscary，”Xiuhtezcatlsays,“__19__it’spossibletodefeatit.Wecan__20__theEarth,theair,thewater,andtheatmospheresomygenerationwillliveonasafe,healthyplanet.”语篇解读：文章介绍了一个与众不同的十六岁男孩——地球保护勇士XiuhtezcatlMartinez。1．A.word　　　　　　　B．namenC．opinionD．accent解析：选B　由下文中的“aboutXiuhtezcatlisnothisnameorhowhelooks”可知，XiuhtezcatlMartinez的“名字(name)”来自于(墨西哥)阿兹特克语，很难发音。2．A.popularB．interestingC．unusualD．mysterious解析：选C　参见下题解析。3．A.keepsB．setsC．spendsD．values解析：选C　由上文中的“XiuhtezcatlMartinezisn’tatypical16yearold”和下文介绍他致力于环境保护可知，令Xiuhtezcatl与其他十六岁男孩“与众不同的(unusual)”既不是他的名字也不是他的外表，而是他如何“度过(spends)”他的时光。4．A.busyB．boredC．carefulD．angry解析：选A　参见下题解析。5．A.designB．saveC．controlD．record解析：选B　由下文中的“IcallmyselfawarriorfortheEarth”可知，当大多数青少年“忙(busy)”于参加体育运动、交友、上社交网络的时候，Xiuhtezcatl正致力于“挽救(save)”地球。6．A.strangeB．unavoidableC．frighteningD．shortterm解析：选C　由下文中的“Climatechangesoundsscary”可知，他认为气候变化是一个巨大且“令人害怕的(frightening)”问题。7．A.charitableB．culturalC．politicalD．environmental解析：选D　由下文提到的“fightagainstclimatechange...XiuhtezcatlrunsEarthGuardians...tohelptheplanet”可知，EarthGuardians是一个“与环境有关的(environmental)”组织。8．A.viewB．goalC．secretD．standard解析：选B　参见下题解析。9．A.feelB．joinC．stopD．watchn解析：选B　由下文介绍Xiuhtezcatl在环保方面所做出的努力可知，他环游世界的“目标(goal)”是教育并启迪人们“加入(join)”到应对气候变化的活动中来。10．A.travelsB．livesC．talksD．works解析：选D　由下文中的“Hespeakstostudentsinclassrooms”可知，环保组织EarthGuardians与全球的孩子们共同“合作(works)”。11．A.ordersB．stepsC．rulesD．roles解析：选B　作为环保组织EarthGuardians的管理者，Xiuhtezcatl要在课堂上给学生们讲解采取什么“措施(steps)”来保护地球。12．A.doubtsB．admitsC．believesD．remembers解析：选C　参见下题解析。13．A.showB．reportC．reduceD．discover解析：选C　由下文Xiuhtezcatl列举改变自我习惯的办法“Turnoffthewaterandlights...yourownfood”可知，作为一个保护地球的勇士，Xiuhtezcatl“相信(believes)”如果大家能调整自己的习惯，我们就能够“减少(reduce)”导致气候变化发生的原因。14．A.givewayB．standoutC．makemistakesD．takeaction解析：选D　下文介绍的“Turnoffthewaterandlights...yourownfood”都是生活中我们为减少气候变化的发生可以“采取的行动(takeaction)”。15．A.RapidB．SmallC．GlobalD．Seasonal解析：选B　参见下题解析。16．A.ChooseB．BuyC．GrowD．Eat解析：选C　关掉水电、尽量少使用塑料和自己“种植(Grow)”食物都是一些“小(Small)”却能起到巨大影响的改变。17．A.leavesB．sharesC．receivesD．forms解析：选B　Xiuhtezcatl不仅通过课堂来传播他保护地球环境的意识，还会通过电视、网络、歌曲来“分享(shares)”他的环保主张。18．A.moneyB．powernC．timeD．courage解析：选B　由上文中的“worldleadersandpresidentialcandidates”可知，Xiuhtezcatl希望世界领导人和总统候选人可以利用他们的“影响力(power)”来阻止气候变化。19．A.andB．orC．soD．but解析：选D　“气候变化听上去可怕”与“它有可能被扼制”之间是转折关系，故用but。20．A.changeB．followC．protectD．respect解析：选C　由下文中的“mygenerationwillliveonasafe,healthyplanet”可知，只有“保护(protect)”好地球、空气、水以及大气层，我们才能生活在一个安全又健康的星球。Ⅴ.阅读理解ATheUSsoldierJessicaLynch,whowasrescuedbytheUSSpecialForcesafterbeingcapturedinIraq,istomarry.Private(二等兵)Lynch,20,willmarryArmySergeant(陆军军士)RubenContrerasnextJune,hermothersaid.ThecouplemettwoyearsagoinafastfoodrestaurantinTexas,wherebothofthemwerestationed.PrivateLynchwascapturedalongwithsixotherUSsoldierswhenIraqitroopsattackedherconvoynearthecityofNasiriyainMarch.Theexactdateandlocationoftheweddingarebeingkeptasecret.Contreras’mother,LisaLatorre,toldanewspaperinherhometown,thatshedidnotwanttheeventtobecomeamediafocus.“Iwantthistobearealweddingforthem,notjustabunchofmediastormingin，”MsLatorresaid.“I’mlookingforwardtothemfinallybeingabletobetogetherandhappy.Theyshallgetthatchance.They’vebeenthroughsomuch.”However,MsLatorredidtellonedetail:PrivateLynchwasalreadylookingforaweddingdress.JessicaLynch’sdramaticrescueinIraq—afteralocallawyerreportedlyinformedtheUSforcesastoherwhereabouts—becameoneofthemostcelebratedandcontroversialeventsofthewar.Praisedasaheroinebymany,othersblamedherrescueasastagedeventusednbyPentagon(五角大楼)officialsasapropaganda(宣传)exercise.PrivateLynch,whoisstillrecoveringfromwoundsreceivedduringthewarandwhoreportedlyhasnomemoryoftheincident,recentlysigneda$1,000,000bookdealtopublishanaccountofhercapture.Thebook,whosenameisIAmaSoldier,Too:TheJessicaLynchStory,isoutthismonth.语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。可简单概括为：出新书当新娘，女“英雄”Lynch有点忙。1．What’sJessicaLynch?A．She’saprofessionalAmericanwriter.B．She’safamouswriterandsoldier.C．She’sanAmericanreporterintheUSIraqWar.D．She’sservingintheAmericanarmy.解析：选D　推理判断题。由第一段“TheUSsoldierJessicaLynch,whowasrescuedbytheUSSpecialForcesafterbeingcapturedinIraq,istomarry.”可知D项正确。2．Whydidn’tContreras’motherwanttheweddingofhersonandLynchtobeamediafocus?A．Becauseherdaughterinlawwasamarriedwoman.B．BecauseshewishedhersonandLynchtohaveareallyquietwedding.C．Becauseherdaughterinlawdidn’twanttobefamous.D．BecausehersonandLynchhadn’tmadegoodpreparationsfortheirwedding.解析：选B　推理判断题。由第六段“Iwantthistobearealweddingforthem,notjustabunchofmediastormingin”可知B项正确。3．EverythingaboutLynch’smarriagewasbeingkeptasecretEXCEPTthewedding________.A．date　　　　　　　　B．placeC．dressD．ring解析：选C　细节题解题。由第七段“However,MsLatorredidtellonedetail:PrivateLynchwasalreadylookingforaweddingdress.”可知C项正确。4．Whichisthecorrectorderofthethingsthathappenedinthereport?a．IraqitroopsattackedtheAmericanconvoy.b．LynchwassenttothefrontinIraq.c．Lynchwasgoingtomarryandpublishherbook.d．LynchandContreraswerebothstationedinTexas.e．Lynchwaswoundedandcaught.nf．Lynch’srescuebecameafamouseventinthewar.A．baefcd　　　　　B．dbaefcC．bdaecfD．dbafec解析：选B　时间排序题。根据事情发生的先后顺序可知B项正确。BMydaughterwenttoseeTheWildOnerecentlyandshecommentedthatMarlonBrandowaswearingjeanssolongago.Ofcoursehehelpedsetthetrend,sothatgotmethinkingaboutthelinkbetweenfilmsandtrendsinfashion.Fashionandfilmshavegonehandinhandforlong.TheWildOneisagoodexample:itappearedin1954,starringBrando.Dressedinablackleathermotorcyclejacket,leathercapandjeans,hecreatedalookwhichisstillconsidered“cool”today.EveryonefromMadonnatoamiddleagedmanisseenwearingtheclassicleathermotorcyclejacket.AnotherstronginfluenceonfashiontrendswasBreakfastatTiffany’s,starringAudreyHepburn.ShemadefamousthesimpleblackdressthatlooksperfectateitheracocktailpartyorjuststandingaroundanexpensivedepartmentstorelikeTiffany’swithapastryandcoffeeinyourhand,asAudreyHepburndoesinthefilm.Shelookssoelegant,wearingsimplebutbeautifuldresses,bigdarkglassesandastringofpearlsaroundherneck.AudreyHepburnstillinfluenceswomen’sfashionwithher“Tiffany’slook”．Inmoremoderntimes,thefilmstarUmaThurmancreatedamajorfashiontrendwhensheappearedinthefilmPulpFiction,madein1994.Herstylewasverysimple.Herblacktrousers,crispwhiteshirtandhairstylewerecopiedbywomenintheworld.Influencingfashiontrendscanoftenbeabouttiming.ThemovieMemoirsofaGeishacamejustintimetostartatrendinJapanesefashion.ItstarredtheChineseactressZhangZiyi,whoworebeautifulsilkkimonos(和服),anditwonanOscarforCostumeDesign.Manytravelcompaniespickeduponthetrendandran“geishatrips”toJapan.Thefilmhasalsoledtoaregainedinterestinkimonos.ItisnowquitecommontoseeyoungJapanesewomenwearingkimonosnotjustontraditionaloccasions,butatvarioussocialevents.ThefashionisalsobeginningtospreadtoWesterncountries.语篇解读：本文主要讨论了电影和时尚之间的关系。5．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．Filmsandfashion　　　　B．Stars’fashionC．InfluentialfilmsD．Filmculturesn解析：选A　标题归纳题。第一段的第三句“Fashionandfilmshavegonehandinhandforlong”开篇点题，结合全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要讨论了电影和时尚之间的关系。6．WhowillpeopleassociateMadonnawearingtheleathermotorcyclejacketwith?A．ZhangZiYi.B．AudreyHepburn.C．UmaThurman.D．MarlonBrando.解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段的“Dressedinablackleathermotorcyclejacket,leathercapandjeans...isseenwearingtheclassicleathermotorcyclejacket”可知，麦当娜的皮革摩托夹克会让人联想到演员MarlonBrando。7．WhatisimpliedinthefilmBreakfastatTiffany’saccordingtothepassage?A．Onecanbeactivebywearingblack.B．Onecanbeelegantbywearingsimple.C．Onecanbefamousbylookingperfect.D．OnecanbestylishbyeatingatTiffany’s.解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段内容尤其是倒数第二句“Shelookssoelegant,wearingsimplebutbeautifuldresses,bigdarkglassesandastringofpearlsaroundherneck”可推知，电影BreakfastatTiffany’s映射出一个人可以通过简单的衣着表现出优雅。8．WhatdoesthefilmMemoirsofaGeishaleadto?A．ThepopularityoftheChineseactress.B．Theworldwidereadingofgeishastories.C．Therecoveryofinterestinkimonos.D．The“geishatrips”tosocialevents.解析：选C　细节理解题。根据最后一段的倒数第三句“Thefilmhasalsoledtoaregainedinterestinkimonos”可知，电影MemoirsofaGeisha使人们重新对和服产生了兴趣。