2019年高中英语unit5nelsonmandelaamodernherosectionⅱwarmingup 15页

SectionⅡWarmingUp&Reading—LanguagePoints一、这样记单词记得准·写得对记得快·记得多Ⅰ.基础词汇1.qualityn．　　　　　质量；品质；性质2.meanadj.吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的3.foundvt.建立；建设4.stagen.舞台；阶段；时期5.votevt.&vi.投票；选举n.投票；选票；表决6.attackvt.进攻；攻击；抨击Ⅱ.拓展词汇1.activeadj.积极的；活跃的→activelyadv.积极地→activityn．活动2.devotevt.献身；专心于→devotedadj.忠实的；深爱的→devotionn．热爱；献身；奉献3.peacefuladj.和平的；平静的；安宁的→peacefullyadv.和平地→peacen．和平；平静；和睦4.guidancen．指导；领导→guidev．指导；带领5.hopefuladj.怀有希望的；有希望的→hopen．希望；愿望6.violencen．暴力；暴行→violentadj.暴力的；猛烈的→violentlyadv.猛烈地7.equaladj.相等的；平等的→equalityn．平等；相等→equallyadv.同样地；相等地；公平地1.反义记忆①fair→unfairadj.　　　　　不公正的②willing→unwillingadj.不乐意的③legal→illegaladj.非法的④selfish→selflessadj.无私的；忘我的⑤hopeful→hopelessadj.无望的2.对比记忆①found→founded→founded建立②find→found→found发现3.“人物特点”的形容词集锦①mean吝啬的；自私的②generous慷慨的③easygoing随和的④confident有信心的⑤devoted有献身精神的⑥warmhearted热心肠的⑦determined意志坚定的⑧honest诚实的二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.out_of_work　　　　　　失业2．as_a_matter_of_fact事实上3．blow_up使充气；爆炸4．in_trouble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑1.workasadoctor　　　　　　从事医生工作2．fightforhiscountry为他的祖国而战3．befreefromtheUK脱离英国n等的处境中5．turn_to求助于；致力于6．be_grateful_for对……感激7．fight_against与……作斗争8．be_willing_to_do_sth.乐意做某事4．inapeacefulway以和平方式5．landonthemoon登陆月球6．begenerouswith对……慷慨7．answerviolencewithviolence以暴制暴8．putsb.in/intoprison把某人送进监狱9．giveuparichlife放弃富有的生活10．achieveone'sdream实现梦想三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.However,thiswasatimewhenonehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg.然而在那个时候，一个人要想住在约翰内斯堡就非得要有身份证不可。Thisis/wasatimewhen...这是一个……时期。This_is_a_time_whenalmosteveryonewantstobefamous.这是一个几乎人人都想出名的时代。2.Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。①see在此处的主语为物，意为“见证；目睹”，是一种拟人的用法，可使语言变得生动。②where引导定语从句修饰先行词stage,case,point等。①Theoldtemplehas_seen_great_changesofthevillageinthepasttwohundredyears.这座古庙见证了过去二百年里这个村庄的巨大变迁。②Nowtheirtalkshavereachedakeystagewhere_one_side_must_give_in_totheother.现在他们的谈判达到一方必须屈服于另一方的关键地步。3.Wefirstbrokethelawinawaywhichwaspeaceful.which引导定语从句，修饰先行词way并在从句中作主语。Heofferedsomewaysthat/which_workedverywellinpractice.n首先我们用和平的方式来破坏法律。他提供了一些办法，这些办法在实践中很有效。4....onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。only引导副词状语或状语从句放在句首时，句子用部分倒装。Only_then_did_I_realizethatIwaswrong.直到那时我才意识到自己错了。1．(教材P33)Andwhatqualitiesdoesagreatpersonhave?而且一个伟人具有什么样的品质？qualityn．质量；品质；性质ofgood/high/poorquality　　质量好的/高的/差的inquality在质量方面①Hehasmanygoodqualities,buthisbestqualityishiskindness.他有许多良好的品质，而最好的品质是为人善良。②Asamatteroffact,airinmanycitiesisofpoorquality.事实上，许多地区的空气质量很差。③Thereisnodifferencein_qualitybetweenthesegoods.在质量方面，这些货物不会有区别。2．meanadj.吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的vt.意指；意味着(1)adj.吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的；刻薄的bemeanwithsth.　　　　对某物吝啬bemeantosb.对某人刻薄①Inmyopinion,thatisameanthingtodo.依我看来，那是一件很卑鄙的事情。②Therichbosswhoisusuallymeantohisworkersisverymeanwithmoney.那位富有的老板通常对他的工人很刻薄，他对钱非常吝啬。(2)vt.意指；意味着；意思是meantodosth.　　　　　　打算做某事meandoingsth.意味着做某事③I'mterriblysorry,butIdidn'tmeanto_upset(upset)yourplan.n真对不起，但我并非有意打乱你的计划。④Bobisdeterminedtogetaseatfortheconcerteventhoughitmeansstanding(stand)inlineallnightfortheticket.鲍勃决心要买到音乐会的票，即使那意味着整夜站着排队。3．(教材P33)Agreatpersonissomeonewhodevoteshis/herlifetohelpingothers.一位伟人是能够将自己的生命奉献于帮助他人的人。devotevt.献身；专心于(常与介词to连用)(1)devote...to...　　把……奉献给；把……专注于devoteoneselfto致力于；献身于(2)devotedadj.深爱的；忠诚的bedevotedto专心于；致力于(3)devotionn.关爱；奉献①Asweallknow,he'sagenerous,devoted,activeandwarmheartedman.众所周知，他是一个慷慨大方、忠诚、积极又热心的人。②Idon'tthinkweshoulddevoteanymoretimetopersuading(persuade)suchastubbornmantochangehismind.我认为我们不应该再花时间来说服这么顽固的一个人改变主意。③HeissodevotedtohisEnglishteachingthatIadmirehimforhisdevotion.(devote)他如此深爱他的英语教学，以至于我对他的奉献感到敬佩。4．(教材P34)Blackpeoplecouldnotvoteorchoosetheirleaders.当时黑人没有选举权，他们无权选择他们的领导人。votevt.&vi.投票；选举n.投票；选票；表决votefor　　　　　　　　　　投票支持voteagainst投票反对voteon投票表决votetodosth.表决做某事①Whetheryouvotefororagainsttheplandoesn'tseemtomatterverymuch.你是赞成还是反对这项计划看上去似乎不重要。②Ourfamilyvoteto_turn(turn)tothelawyerforhelp.我们家人表决同意向律师求助。③Aswecan'tagreeonthismatter,let'shaveavoteonit.对于这个问题我们无法达成一致意见，投票表决吧。n5．(教材P34)Wechosetoattackthelaws.我们选择向法律进攻。attackvt.进攻；攻击；抨击n.攻击；进攻；病情发作(1)underattack　　　　　　　遭到攻击makeanattack攻击aheartattack心脏病突发(2)attacksb.攻击/抨击某人beattackedwith患病……①Theoldmansufferedaheartattackyesterday.这位老人昨天心脏病发作了。②Whatwillyoudoifyouareunderattack?Wouldyouliketomakeanattackonthosewhoattackyou?你受到袭击时会怎么做呢？你会向袭击你的人发起攻击吗？③Thejudgesaidthatitwasnotlegalto_attack(attack)otherpeoplewithviolence.法官说用暴力攻击别人是不合法的。④Hearinghermotherwas_attacked(attack)withcancer,thegirlburstoutcrying.听到她的母亲患了癌症，这个女孩突然大哭起来。6．(教材P34)Asamatteroffact,Idonotlikeviolence...butin1963Ihelpedhimblowupsomegovernmentbuildings.事实上，我并不喜欢暴力……但是在1963年的时候，我帮助他炸毁了一些政府大楼。asamatteroffact事实上；实际上①Asamatteroffact,itwasuselessforhimtoexplaininthatsituation.事实上，他在那种情况下解释是无用的。②Ithoughttheworkwouldbedifficult.As_a_matter_of_fact,_it'sveryeasy.我原以为这项工作会很难，事实上却很容易。[名师点津]　“事实上；实际上”的多种表达法：infact,actually,inreality。blowup使充气；爆炸①Therewereafewcracksinthepipe.Itburstandblewupsuddenlylastnight.管道上有几处裂缝，昨天晚上它突然破裂并爆炸了。②Theenemyhadplannedtoblow_up_the_bridge,_butfailedatlast.敌人原计划炸掉大桥，但最终失败了。③Mybiketyresneedblowing_up.n我的自行车胎需要打气了。7．(教材P34)ButIwashappytohelpbecauseIknewitwouldhelpusachieveourdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequal.但是，我乐于帮忙，因为我知道，这会帮助我们实现黑人和白人平等的梦想。equaladj.相等的；平等的；胜任的vt.比得上；敌得过n.平等的人(1)beequalto　　　　　　　等于beequaltosth./doingsth.胜任做某事(2)AequalsBinsth.A在某方面比得上B(3)withoutequal无与伦比；无敌(4)equallyadv.同样地；平等地①AsfarasIknow,heisquiteequaltothejob.据我所知，他完全有能力胜任这项工作。②HispaintingsarewithoutequalintheWesternworld.他的画在西方世界首屈一指。③Noonecanequalherindancing.论跳舞，没有人能比得上她。8．(教材P35)EliaswenttoseeNelsonMandelawhenhewasintrouble.伊莱亚斯在有麻烦时去见纳尔逊·曼德拉。introuble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中askfortrouble　　　　　　自找麻烦；自寻烦恼getintotrouble陷入困境maketrouble惹是生非；制造麻烦havetrouble/difficulty(in)doingsth.做某事有困难takethetroubletodosth.不辞辛劳地做某事①AlthoughMikewasintrouble,hedidn'tloseheart.迈克虽然遇到了麻烦，但他并没有灰心。②Weshouldlendahandtothosepeoplein_trouble.我们应该帮助那些处于困境中的人。③Doyouhaveanytroublefinishing(finish)theworkontime?你按时完成这项工作有困难吗？④Thesoldierstookthetroubleto_rescue(rescue)theworkerstrappedinthemine.士兵们不辞辛劳地营救被困在矿井中的工人。n9．(教材P35)WhydidNelsonMandelaturntoviolencetomakeblackandwhitepeopleequal?为什么纳尔逊·曼德拉会使用暴力来使黑人和白人平等？turnto求助于；致力于；翻到(书的某页)；查阅；转向；从事于写出下列句中turnto的含义①Pleaseturntothepoliceforhelpwhenyouareintrouble.求助于②IfyouturntoPage40,youwillfindit.翻页③Moreandmorepeopleturntocomputerscience.从事于④Theirtalkturnedtothechangethathadhappened.转向⑤Youshouldn'talwaysturntothedictionarywhenyoumeetnewwordsinreading.查阅turndown　　　　　　　关小；拒绝turnin上交turnon打开(水、煤气、电灯等)turnoff关上(水、煤气、电灯等)turnout结果是；证明是；生产出turnup开大；出现⑥Hesaidhewasadoctor;butlaterheturnedouttobeacheat.他说他是医生；后来证明他是个骗子。⑦Themeetinghasalreadybegun,butthechairmanhasn'tturnedupyet.会议已开始，但是主席还没出现。1．However,thiswasatimewhenonehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg.然而在那个时候，一个人要想住在约翰内斯堡就非得要有身份证不可。(1)Thisis/wasatimewhen...　这是一个……的时期(2)Therewasatimewhen...曾有一段时间……①Thiswasatimewhenthetwocountrieswereatwar.那个时候这两个国家正在进行一场战争。②There_was_once_a_time_whenwomenwerenotallowedtogotoschool.曾经有一段时间，妇女不被允许去上学。2．Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnonrightsatall.过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。(1)see在此处的主语为物，意为“见证；目睹”，是一种拟人的用法，可使语言变得生动。see,find等动词表示某地或某时“经历、发生、目睹”了某事，可以使用一个无生命的名词作主语的句式。①Thestonebridgesawmanychangesofthiscity.这座石桥见证了这个城市的诸多变化。②Thepast30yearshave_seen(see)thegreatchangesthathavetakenplaceinmyhometown.过去30年我的家乡发生了很大变化。③The_dusk_foundalittlegirlcryinginthestreet.黄昏时，一个小女孩在街上哭。(2)句中where引导定语从句，先行词为stage。当先行词是point,situation,stage,condition和case等表示抽象地点的名词，且引导词在从句中作地点状语时，定语从句常用where来引导。①Wejusthopetoreachapointwherebothsideswillsitdownandtalktogether.我们只是希望达到双方能坐下来一起谈判的地步。②Youcouldgetintoasituationwhereyouhavetodecideimmediately.你可能遇到一种情况，使你不得不立刻作出决定。③Today,we'lldiscussanumberofcaseswherebeginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.今天我们将讨论一些关于英语初学者不能正确使用英语的情况。3．...onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。在英语句子中，为了表示强调，把“only＋状语(副词/介词短语/从句)”置于句首，主句要用部分倒装形式，即把主句中的助动词、情态动词或系动词提到主语前面。①Onlyyesterdaydidhisfathertellhimthetruth,whichwasabigsurprise.昨天他父亲才把真相告诉他，这对他真是一个令人吃惊的消息。②Onlybypractisingpapercuttingmorecan_you_learnthefolkart.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)只有通过多练习剪纸，你才能掌握这门民间艺术。③OnlywhenIleftmyparentsforItalydid_I_realizehowmuchIlovedthem.只有当我离开父母去意大利时我才意识到我多么爱他们。n[名师点津]　若only修饰主语，即使在句首也不倒装。④Onlyshecanfinishtheworkinanhour.只有她能在一小时内完成这个工作。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Ourhometownhas_seen(see)alotofchangesinrecentyears.2．Don'twalkaloneinthestreetafterdark,oryoumaygetattacked(attack)．3．Accordingtothelaw,womenshallenjoytheequal(equally)righttovoteinourcountry.4．It'shelpfultoputchildreninasituationwheretheycanseethemselvesdifferently.5．Therewasonceatimewhenwomenhadnorighttovote.6．HewasputintoprisonbecauseheblewupsomegovernmentbuildingsinSouthAfrica.7．Heisdevotedtotheresearchandhisdevotiontotheworkleadstohissuccess.(devote)8．Greatpeoplehavelotsofgoodqualities(quality),suchashonesty,selflessnessandindependence.9．PeoplevotedagainstHenrywhooftentellslies.10．Missingthefirstbusmeanswaiting(wait)foranotherhour.Ⅱ.句型转换1．ThePeople'sRepublicofChinawasfoundedonOctober1st,1949.→October1st,1949sawthefoundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.2．Iknewanaccidenthappenedtohimonlywhenhetoldmeaboutit.→Onlywhenhetoldmeaboutitdid_I_knowanaccidenthappenedtohim.3．Canyouthinkoutasituation?Thiswordcanbeusedinthesituation.→Canyouthinkoutasituationwhere_this_word_can_be_used?4．WheneverBobhasdifficulties,hewillaskmeforhelp.→WheneverBobis_in_trouble,_hewillturn_tomeforhelp.5．Infact,Iwastheonewhobrokethewindow.→As_a_matter_of_fact,_Iwastheonewhobrokethewindow.n一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Thewomanistoomean(吝啬的)tomakeadonation.2．Youmusttrytoimprovethequality(质量)ofallyourgoods.3．Doyouknowwhenthegovernmentwasfounded(成立)?4．Shetakesa(n)active(积极的)partinschoollife.5．Allpeopleareequal(平等的),havingthesamerightsaseachother.6．Iwasafairlygoodfootballplayerinmyyouth(青年时期)．7．Chinaisplayinganimportantroleontheinternationalpoliticalstage(舞台)．8．Wemustfollowtheprinciple(原则)thateducationshouldbefairtoeveryone.9．Itdoesseriousharmtochildren'scharacterthattoomuchviolence(暴力)isshownontelevision.10．Billisagenerous(大方的)person,whohasgivenmillionsofdollarstohelpthosepeopleinthedisasterhitarea.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Ithinkyoushouldsettleyourprobleminapeaceful(peace)way.Fightingcan'tsolveanyproblems.2．Heofferedguidance(guide)tothepoorpeopleontheirlegalrights.3．It'sillegal(legal)toreadpeople'sprivateletterswithoutpermission.4．Thelawyeriswilling(will)tohelpthoseintrouble.5．Themoneywasdividedequally(equal)amongherfourchildren.6．Weallknowthateverybodylikestoworkwithwhoeverisreliable(rely)andeasytogetonwith.7．Nowadaysmanyschoolchildrendevotetoomuchtimetoplaying(play)computergames.8．Founded(found)inlastcentury,thechurchhasahistoryofabout90years.9．Amyhadgreattroublemaking(make)uphermindtosendherdaughtertogoabroad.10．Therewasonceatimewhenblackpeopleweretreatedbadly.nⅢ.选词填空introuble，asamatteroffact，underattack，outofwork，votefor，turnto，blowup，beequalto1．Hedidn'tobeytherulesofthecompany,soheisout_of_worknow.2．Youmightthinkweareclosefriends.As_a_matter_of_fact,_Idon'tknowthepersonwhospoketomejustnow.3．Inmodernsociety,manypeopleoftenturn_totheInternetforhelpwhentheyrunintoproblems.4．Ithinkheshouldbegiventhepositionbecauseheis_equal_toit.5．Hewasveryhappywhenmanysupportersvoted_forhim.6．MissZhou,awarmheartedandhelpfullady,alwayshelpsthosewhoarein_trouble.7．TheGeneralcommandedthesoldierstoblow_upthebridgebeforetheenemiescame.8．Whenananimalisunder_attack,_itcanrunawayorfightback.Ⅳ.课文语法填空Eliaswasapoorblackworker.Thetime1.whenhefirstmetNelsonMandelawas2.averydifficultperiodofhislife.NelsonMandelaoffered3.guidance(guide)topoorblackpeopleontheirlegalproblems.Eliaswasnotatschoolforlong,forhisfamilycouldnotaffordhisschoolfeesandthebusfare.Whenhe4.was_worried(worry)aboutwhetherhewouldbeoutofworkbecausehedidn'thaveonepassbook,NelsonMandelatoldhimwhattodo.ThatdaywasoneofElias'5.happiest(happy)daysinhislife.Later,EliasjoinedtheANCYouthLeague6.organized(organize)byNelsonMandela.In1963,EliashelpedMandela7.(to)_blow(blow)upsomegovernmentbuildings.Itwasverydangerous8.butEliaswashappybecausehethought9.itwouldhelpthemachievetheirdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeople10.equal(equality)．Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达她一直热爱(bedevotedto)自己的工作，虽然现在有些麻烦(introuble)。然而，他根据既定原则(principle)处理了那个问题。事实上(asamatteroffact)，她特别胜任(beequalto)这份工作，因为在设计方面没人能比得上她(equalherindesigning)。也许有一天她会失业(outofwork)，但她不会向任何人求助(turnto)。She_has_been_devoted_to_her_work_though_she_is_in_trouble_now._However,_he_dealt_with_the_problem_on_principle._As_a_matter_of_fact,_she_is_quite_equal_ton_the_job,_because_no_one_can_equal_her_in_designing._She_may_be_out_of_work_someday,_but_she_will_never_turn_to_anybody.二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧Ⅰ.完形填空Thewholeschoolwastalkingaboutthecomingtripatawintercamp.Andeveryonewas__1__，exceptme.“I'llhateit，”Itoldmyparents.“I'llgethomesick(想家的).I'lllookstupidatwintersports,andeveryonewill__2__me.”“Youmightbesurprised,Bree，”saidMom.“Theonlywaytofindoutisto__3__.”“It'swhatgrowingupisallabout，”Dadadded.When__4__thecamp,wewereaskedtoshareone__5__.“I'mafraidI'llbehomesick，”someonesaid.Iwasn'ttheonlyone？！Ibeganto__6__.Afterlunch,wewereaskedtoski(滑雪)downtothefield.Iskied__7__，butIstillhitapieceoficeand__8__.“Ha!Ha！”Behindme,somebodystartedlaughing.I__9__toseewhowasmakingfunofme.Tomy__10__，Isawagirlinthesameawkward(尴尬的)positionIwasin.“IthoughtI'dbebadatthis,__11__I'mworsethanIexpected！”shesaid.__12__，Istartedlaughingtoo.Afterbeingso__13__offalling,itwasacomfortnottofearitanymore.Atdinnertime,IwassohappytobetalkingaboutinterestingthingsthatI__14__tofeelhomesick.Thenextday,Iwas__15__totryskijumpingfirst,eventhoughIdidn'twantto.Butwhenmyfeetlefttheground,IfeltIwas__16__anditwaswonderful.MaybeDadwasrightwhenhesaid“Youmight__17__itifyougiveitachance！”Maybethekindof__18__MomandDadweretalkingabouthadmoretodowithmyoutlook(态度)thanmylooks.Weall__19__fittinginandfailingwhenwetry__20__things.Sometimesyou'vegottofallonyourfacetodiscoverhowmuchyou'vegotincommon.语篇解读：本文是记叙文。在成长过程中我们或许会害怕尝试新事物，或许会害怕失败，然而，这些都是成长的必经阶段。在此过程中，我们需要以积极向上的态度来面对这一切。1．A.strange　　　　　　　　B．excitednC．nervousD．sad解析：选B　根据该空后的“exceptme”和“I'llhateit”可知，其他人都很“兴奋(excited)”，然而作者不想去冬令营。2．A.laughatB．waitforC．speaktoD．talkabout解析：选A　根据前半句“I'lllookstupidatwintersports”可知，由于作者不擅长冬季运动项目，因此害怕别人会“笑话(laughat)”她。3．A.changeB．dreamC．tryD．move解析：选C　作者的妈妈鼓励作者自己去“尝试(try)”。4.A.searchingforB．arrivingatC．makingupD．returningto解析：选B　根据文章首句中的“thecomingtripatawintercamp”可知，此处指“到达(arrivingat)”营地。5．A.storyB．factC．purposeD．fear解析：选D　根据下一句中的“I'mafraidI'llbehomesick”可知，大家分享一件“害怕的事(fear)”。6．A.relaxB．askC．eatD．sleep解析：选A　作者一开始担心自己会想家，担心会被别人笑话，因此听到别人说想家时，她开始“放心(relax)”了。7．A.finallyB．interestinglyC．carefullyD．quickly解析：选C　根据上文中的“I'lllookstupidatwintersports”可知，由于作者不擅长冬季体育运动，因此她“小心翼翼地(carefully)”滑雪。8．A.wentoutB．felldownC．ranawayD．gaveup解析：选B　根据该空前的“Istillhitapieceofice”可知，作者撞到一块冰上，“摔倒了(felldown)”。9．A.lookedbackB．stoodupC．walkedaroundD．steppedover解析：选A　根据上一句“Behindme,somebodystartedlaughing.”可知，有人在作者身后发出笑声，因此作者“朝身后看去(lookedback)”，想知道究竟是谁在笑。n10．A.shameB．regretC．pleasureD．surprise解析：选D　根据该空后的“Isawagirlinthesameawkward(尴尬的)positionIwasin”可知，作者原本以为有人在笑她，然而令她“诧异(surprise)”的是，有一个女孩也摔倒了。11．A.becauseB．soC．butD．or解析：选C　“IthoughtI'dbebadatthis”与“I'mworsethanIexpected”之间为转折关系，故填but。12．A.QuietlyB．SuddenlyC．UnhappilyD．Hopefully解析：选B　女孩所说的话让作者也“突然(Suddenly)”笑了起来。13．A.tiredB．afraidC．certainD．proud解析：选B　根据上文的描述可知，作者一直“害怕(afraid)”摔倒。14．A.forgotB．refusedC．failedD．stopped解析：选A　根据该空前的“happytobetalkingaboutinterestingthings”可知，作者在晚饭时和别人聊得很开心，以致“忘了(forgot)”想家。15．A.preparedB．allowedC．protectedD．chosen解析：选D　根据后半句“eventhoughIdidn'twantto”可知，作者在第二天被“选中(chosen)”第一个尝试跳台滑雪。16．A.learningB．cryingC．flyingD．dying解析：选C　根据该空前的“myfeetlefttheground”和该空后的“itwaswonderful”可知，作者感觉自己在“飞翔(flying)”。17．A.preventB．enjoyC．discoverD．trust解析：选B　作者在此体会到跳台滑雪给她带来的乐趣，因此，她认同爸爸说的“你尝试后或许会‘喜欢(enjoy)’上它的”。18．A.growingupB．showingoffC．winningbackD．workingout解析：选A　根据上文中的“‘It'swhatgrowingupisallabout，’Dadnadded.”可知，作者在此发出关于“成长(growingup)”的感慨。19．A.catchupB．pointoutC．believeinD．worryabout解析：选D　联系全文的语境可知，在成长过程中，当我们尝试“新(new)”事物时，我们都会“担心(worryabout)”不适应或是失败。20．A.rightB．easyC．newD．popular解析：选C　参见上题解析。Ⅱ.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。WhenIwas8,myunclesentIaTshirtfromAmericanasmybirthdaypresent.Onmorningofmybirthday,IweartheTshirtandwalkedtothemarket.Ontheway,somebigboyslaughedatme.Ibecameverynervously,soIwalkedfaster,butmoreandmoreboyslaughedatmelate.Iturnedbackandranfrommyhome.Iaskedmymother，“Whydidtheboyslaughatme？”MymotherlookedatmyTshirtswithasmilebutasked,“Areyoulonely？”Suddenly,Ihadrealizedwhytheboyswerelaughingatme.ThemessageonmyTshirtwas“Iamlonely”．答案：第一句：第二个I→me;American→America第二句：On后加the;wear→wore第四句：nervously→nervous;late→later第五句：from→to第七句：Tshirts→Tshirt;but→and第八句：去掉had