小学 英语音标教学课件 61页

Welcometoourclass\nIPA-InternationalPhoneticAlphabet音标\n国际音标｛元音分类：英语中共有48个音标，元音20个，辅音28个。单元音双元音前元音中元音后元音｛/i:/,/ɪ/,/e/,/æ//ɜ:/,/ǝ/,/ʌ//u:/,/ʊ/,/ɔ:/,/ɒ/,/ɑ://eɪ/,/aɪ/,/ɔɪ/,/ǝʊ/,/aʊ/,/ɪǝ/,/eǝ/,/ʊǝ/辅音爆破音磨檫音鼻音半元音舌边音/p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/k/,/g//f/,/v/,/∫/,/3/,/θ/,/δ/,/s/,/z/,/h/,/r/,/tʃ/,/d3/,/tr/,/dr/,/ts/,/dz//m/,/n/,/ŋ//l//w/,/j/\n元音和辅音的定义：发音时声带振动，呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍，这样形成的语音称为元音。不论声带振动与否，发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍，这样形成的语音称为辅音。发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音。发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音。\nVowels（元音）-purevowels（单元音）前元音：/i:/,/ɪ/,/e/,/æ/\n/i:/例词：heseatreefield短语：greenleavesdeepseacleanstreeteatthemeat例句：A:Wouldyoulikecoffeeortea?B:Tea,please.A:OK.Ihavetea,too.\n/ɪ/-/i/例词：pinshiphillchicks短语：abigshipfiftypicturesMissSmithinterestingfilms例句：A:IsLilyin?B:Lilyisillinbed.C:Oh,I’msorry.\n/e/-/ε/例词：penheadlegwell短语：tenpenceverywellexpensivecigaretteswenttoAmerica例句：A:Howdidyouspendyourholiday?B:IwenttoBeijing.A:Wasitexpensive?B:Yes,very.\n/æ/例词：applelanternhandparachute短语：blackcatmadmantravelingbagmatter-of–fact例句：A:AnnistravelingtoJapan.B:Howhappysheis!A:Sheisveryhappy.\nVowels（元音）-purevowels（单元音）中元音：/ɜ:/,/ǝ/,/ʌ/\n/ɜ:/-/ǝ:/例词：girlbirdworkturn短语：earlybirdsuperbworkthirstypersonperfectsearch例句：A:Healwaysarrivesworkearly.B:Buthewasn’tearlythismorning.A:Youweren’tearlyeither.\n/ǝ/例词：teacherpicturebreakfastwelcome短语：aglassofwateraquartertosevenbrothersandsistersabookaboutChina例句：A:lookattheclock！B:what’sthetime?A:it’saquartertoseven\n/ʌ/例词：cuprunjumpflood短语：hurryup!trustus!rubbishdumpmustn’tworry例句：A:It’ssunnytoday.B:Yes,isn’tit.A:MyunclewillgotoLondonnextMonday.B:Howluckyheis!\nVowels（元音）-purevowels（单元音）后元音：/u:/,/ʊ/,/ɔ:/,/ɒ/,/ɑ:/\n/u:/例词：zoowhofoodblue短语：atoothforatoothSueandLucyfruitjuicetwoshoes例句：A:Lookatmynewshoes?B:Oh,theyarebeautiful.A:Yourbootsarebeautiful,too.\n/ʊ/-/v/例词：footwoodbookpush短语：goodcookgoodbookcouldn’tlookpuddingwithoutsugar例句：A:Wheredidyouputthebook?B:Whichbook?A:Thebookyouboughtyesterday.\n/ɔ:/例词：forkballmorningairport短语：fourballsscoreboardmorningglorysportsreporter例句：A:Iseetwochildrenontheblackboard.B:Heisshort.A:Sheisshorter.\n/ɒ/-/ɔ/例词：cockshopjobhospital短语：hotcoffeelongjobontheboxdropthepot例句：A:Ihaveabadcough.B:Youmustseeadoctor.A:Yes,Imustgotothehospital.\n/ɑ:/例词：cargardenstarguitar短语：fastcarhalfmasthearttransplantstarsandbars例句：A:Youlookverysmarttoday.B:Thankyou.C:Whatamarvelousdanceryouare.Letmetakeaphotographofyou.\nVowels（元音）-diphthongs（双元音）/eɪ/,/aɪ/,/ɔɪ/,/ǝʊ/,/aʊ/,/ɪǝ/,/eǝ/,/ʊǝ/\n/eɪ/-/ei/例词：faceraincakewait短语：eightcakeswastepaperrailwaystationwaitforthemail例句：A:It’smybirthdaytoday.B:HappybirthdayA:Thankyou.Cometomybirthdayparty.Anddon’tbelate.\n/aɪ/-/ai/例词：skykitewritebicycle短语:whiteliehightideeyeforeyesilentnight例句：A:It’safinedaytoday.Thesunisshiningbrightly.B:Yes,Ifeelhot.Ilikeanice-creamnow.A:Yes,Ido,too.\n/ɔɪ/-/ɔi/例词：boyboilnoisecoin短语：aspoiltboyanoisytoyanannoyingvoiceJoyce'sboyfriend例句：A:Lookatmytoygun.B:Oh,whatagoodtoy!A:Shallwejoinourfriendsinthegarden?B:Yes,let’sgo.\n/ǝʊ/-/ǝv/例词：coast　throwboat　toe短语：Joe’scoatgotothewindowloadandunload　throwasnowball例句：A:Look!Hehasaboat.B:Ishegoingtorow?A:Ithinkso.\n/aʊ/-/av/例词：cowhousemouthtrousers短语：shoutoutbrownmousedowntownroundlounge例句：A:Isshemilkingthecow?B:Yes,sheis.A:Isthecowinhehouse?B:No.Sheisonthedairyfarm.\n/ɪǝ/-/iǝ/例词：earqueerzerobeard短语：theatmosphereherequeerskierwearymountaineerexperiencedengineer例句：A:Let’shavesomebeerhere.B:Whatagoodidea!A:Whatshallwedoafterhavingbeer?B:Weshallgotothetheatre.\n/eǝ/-/εǝ/例词：hairbarepearchair短语：millionaire’sheirmayor’sparentssquarechairscarefullibrarian例句：A:Whereismypen?B:It’soverthereonthechair.A:Thankyou.It’sreallythere.\n/ʊǝ/-/vǝ/例词：tourpoorjurygourd短语：poortouriststourfromChinafuriousjuryEuropeangourd例句：A:Ireceivedaletterfrommyuncle.He’ssickwithinfluenza.B:I’msorry.IshestillinEurope.A:Yes.He’sstillworkinginLondon.B:HemustspeakfluentEnglish.\nConsonants（辅音）-plosives（爆破音）/p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/k/,/g/\n/p/例词：pigpotpondplan短语：pickupapepperpotapieceofporkapenandapencil例句：A:Doyoucollectstamps?B:Yes,Ido.A:Willyoushowmeyourstampalbum?B:Yes,theyareupstairs.Letmegoandfetchthem.\n/b/例词：busbedbenchbrush短语：BigBenabigbottlebeautifulblousesbluebutterflies例句：A:Isthisyourhandbag?B:No,itisn’tmyhandbagisnotbrown.A:Whatcolorisyouhandbag?B:It’sblack.\n/t/例词：tietaxitaptelephone短语：titfortattipofthetongueflatfoottale-teller例句：A:I’mhungry.Iwantsomethingtoeat.B:Whataboutsomesteak?Let’sgototherestaurant!A:Yes,let’sgo.\n/d/例词：doordoctorheadwind短语：darlingdaughterdarkredplayedcardslistenedtotheradio例句：A:Whatdidyoudolastnight？B:Istudiedlastnight.A:Didyoustudyallnight?B:No,Ididn’t.Ilistenedtotheradioforsometime.\n/k/例词：carduckclockpark短语：thebackofthecaraskquestionaquartertosixcoolascucumber例句：A:Ilikechocolatecakes.B:Youdo?Doyouoftenhavechocolatecakes?A:Yes,Ido.B:Ifyouwanttokeepfit,don’teattoomanychocolatecakes.\n/g/例词：bagdoggoatgrape短语：goodgirlgotothegrocer’sasgoodasgoldgetangry例句：A:Canyouplaytheguitar?B:Yes,Iplayedmyguitarinthegardenandsongagainandagainwithmyfriendslastnight.A:Youmusthavehadagoodtimelastnight.\nConsonants（辅音）-fricatives（摩擦音）/f/,/v/,/θ/,/ð/,/s/,/z/,/ʃ/,/ʒ/,/h/,/ʧ/,/ʤ/,/r/\n/f/例词：laughfatfishfamily短语：freshfruitfastfoodsoftsofafeelfine例句：A:LookatFreda!Sheisfashionable.B:Herhatisfunny.A:Lookatherfurcoat.It’sfabulous.\n/v/例词:vetvillagevolcanotelevision短语：lovelyviewvillagevetleavingarrivingleavesofthevine例句：A:Who’sdrivingthevan?B:Ithinkvictoris.A:Whoisvictor?B:Heismynewneighbor,hehaslivedhereforonlyafewmonths.\n/θ/例词：toothmonththinthirsty短语：threethousandMartha'sbirthdayhealthyauthorthirtymathematicians例句：A:Myfatherisamathematician.B:Nowonderyouaregoodatmathematics.A:Totellyouthetruth,myfatherneverteachesmemath.\n/ð/例词：fatherbreathethatfeather短语：smoothleathergettogetherbetterthanothersanotherbrother例句：A:LilyistallerthanMary.B:ButMaryisslimmerthanLily.A:Lookatthem.They’redoingphysicalexercisetogether.\n/s/例词：sunsmallhorsebicycle短语：sleepsoundlyexpensivecigarettessomebookssitinthesun例句：A:Thesearecups.B:Thosearesaucers.A:They’renicecupsandsaucers.\n/z/例词：zooprizebeesnose短语：jazzmusicclosethewindowsthesedayszeroanimal例句：A:Let’sgotothezoo.B:Good.Ilikelookingatthezebras.C:Ilikethemonkeysthere.Let’sgo.\n/ʃ/例词：fishsugarshoeshop短语：fashionshopsfriendshipassociationBritishshoeswashingmachine例句：A:Thisshopsellswashing-machines.B:Dotheysellair-conditioners,too.A:Sure.\n/ʒ/例词：garagepleasuremeasurecollision短语：anunusualcollisionmeasureagarageagreatdecisionmypleasure例句：A:Lilylikesclothesforcasualwear.B:Clothesforcasualweararecomfortable,A:Iliketoweartheminmyleisuretime.\n/h/例词：hathardhenhigh短语：heartandhandhighheelshead-to-headhappyhoneymoon例句：A:TherewasacaraccidentherelastSunday.B:Oh,it’shorrible!A:Wereyouherewhentheaccidenthappened?B:No,Ionlyheardaboutit.\n/ʧ/例词：cheekchickenchurchwatch短语：Chinesechesswhichbutcherchickenandchipschangemuch例句：A:Wherearethetwochildren?B:They’rehavinglunch.A:Herearesomecherriesforthem.B:Thankyouverymuch.\n/ʤ/例词：jeepjugorangebridge短语：alargejeepinjuredpassengersadjusttheengineorangejuice例句：A:Ihaveanorange.B:Oh,yourorangeislarge.Look!I’vegotalargesandwich.A:Yes,itisaverylargeone.\n/r/例词：roselorryrubberrocket短语：AmericanwaitressamarriedsecretarygrownupchildrenFrenchrestaurant例句：A:Roseworksasasecretaryattherailwaystation.B:Shedoes?Sheisaveryprettygirl.A:Yes,very.\nConsonants（辅音）-nasals（鼻音）/m/,/n/,/ŋ/\n/m/例词：moonhomemedicinemountain短语：man-mademakeamistakecometomorrowmiddlename例句：A:Mumhascomebackhome.B:Marvelous.A:Momsayswe’llgoandseeamovietonight.B:Yes,wecertainlywill.\n/n/例词：necktinnightnoise短语：neatbrandyanegativeanswertelephonenumberhardentheneck例词：A:WhatanicepostcardoftheGrandCanyon!B:Theyarewonderful.A:Whosentittoyou?B:Afriendofmine.\n/ŋ/例词：inkringsingmonkey短语：ring-dingrisingdiphthongstrongstringplayingping-pang例句：A:Doyoulikedrinkingtea?B:Yes,Ido.A:Weareadvisedtodrinkmoreteathancoffee.B:Teaisgoodforhealth.\nConsonants（辅音）-lateral（舌侧音）/l/\n例词：blacklightjellylemon短语：earlyforlunchlegoflambaglassoflemonadeyellowjelly例句：A:Mum,islunchready?I’mhungry.B:OK,lunchisready.A:What’sforlunch,Mum?B:We’llhavelambandpotatosalad./l/\nConsonants（辅音）-semi-vowels（半元音）/j/,/w/\n/j/例词：yellowyachtyolkyear短语：yolkyellownewyear’sdaynewYorkuniversityatoughonion例句：A:Mybrotherwasamusicstudent.B:Whatdoeshedonow?A:HeisnowinEuropeworkingasabusinessman.\n/w/例词：weekwhalewinwindow短语：weightwatcherweaveawebweepingwillowwetwind例句：A:Don’tlookoutofthewindow.B:Oh,I’msorry,I’mthinkingofmydog.Todayisawetday.A:Doyouthinkyourdogwillbelostinthewoodsonawetday?\nConsonants（辅音）-fricatives（摩擦音）/ts/,/dz/,/tr/,/dr/\n/ts/studentscoatscatsboats/dz/headsreadsbedshands/tr/treetrucktraintrace/dr/dressdrinkdraindream\nHomework\nThankYou