历年高考英语高考阅读理解精选 47页

AWhenImethim,Ihadalotofangerinsideofme.I’velivedmywholelifeinSpanishHarlem,butinmyneighborhood,thereareshoot-upsallthetime.Iknowkidswhohavebeenshotorbeatenup.Ihavefriendswhoendedupinprison.Icouldhaveendedupthatway,too,butMr.Clarkwouldn’tletthathappen.Mr.Clarkworkedlonghours,makingsureIdidmywork.Mygradesrose.Infact,thescoresofourwholeclassrose.Oneday,hetookourclasstoseeThePhantomoftheOpera,anditwasthefirsttimesomekidshadeverbeenoutofHarlem.Beforetheshow,hetreatedustodinneratarestaurantandtaughtusnottotalkwithourmouthsfull.Wedidnotwanttolethimdown.Mr.ClarkwasselectedasDisney’s2000TeacheroftheYear.Hesaidhewoulddrawthreenamesoutof0ptahat;thosestudentswouldgowithhimtoLosAngelestogettheaward.Butwhenthetimecametodrawnames,Mr.Clarksaid,“You’reallgoing.”Ongraduationday,therewerealotoftears.Wedidn’twanthisclasstoend.In2001,hemovedtoAtlanta,buthealwayskeptintouch.Hestartedgivinglecturesabouteducation,andwroteabestsellingbookbasedonhisclassroomrules,TheEssential55.In2003,Mr.ClarktooksomeofusonatriptoSouthAfricatodeliverschoolsuppliesandvisitorphanages(孤儿院).Itwasthemostamazingexperienceofmylife.It’snowmydreamtoonedaystartagroupofwomen’sclubs,helpingpeoplefromallbackgrounds.56.WithoutMr.Clark,thewriter_______.A.mighthavebeenputintoprison      B.mightnothavewontheprizeC.mighthavejoinedawomen’sclub  D.mightnothavemovedtoAtlanta57.TheEssential___55___is_______.A.ashow            B.aspeech           C.aclassroomrule      D.abook58.Howmanystudents’nameswerefinallydrawnoutofahatbyMr.Clark?A.None               B.Three             &nbsnp;C.Fifty-five.        D.All.59.Inthepassage,thewriterintendstotellusthat_______.A.Mr.ClarkwenttoSouthAfricabecausehelikedtravellingB.Mr.Clarkhelpedtosetupagroupofwomen’sclubsC.agoodteachercanhelpraisehisorherstudents’scoresD.agoodteacherhasagoodinfluenceonhisorherstudentsBAsmalltowninsouthwestBritainisbanning(禁止)plasticbagsinanattempttohelptheenvironmentandcutwaste－astepthatenvironmentalistsbelieveisafirstforEurope.ShopkeepersinModburypopulation1,500,agreedtostophandingoutdisposableplasticbagstocustomersonSaturday.Theysaidpapersacksandclothcarrierbagswouldbeofferedinstead.Lastmonth,SanFrancisobecamethefirstU.S.citytobanplasticgrocerybags.Internationally,lawstodiscouragetheuseofplasticbagshavebeenpassedinpartsofSouthAfricaandIreland,wheregovermmentseithertaxshopperswhousethemorfinecompaniesthathandthemout.Bangladeshalreadybansthem,andsodoatleast\n30remoteAlaskanvillages.Modbury,about225milessouthwestofLondon,hasalsodeclaredabagammesty(宽限期),allowinglocalpeopletohandinplasticbagsthathavepiledupathome.Theywillbesentforarecveling.TheModburybanwastheideaofRebeccaHosking,whosawtheeffectofbagsonmannelifewhileworkinginthePacificasawildlifecamerawoman.Shesaidresponse(反应)inthetownsofarhadbeen“reallypositive”.“Modburyisquiteanold-fashionedtownandalotofpeoplehavewickerbasketstogooutshoppinganyway,”HoskingtoldSkyNewsTelevision.TheWorldwatchInstitute,anenvironmentalresearchagency,statesthat100billionplasticbagsarethrownawayeachyearintheUnitedStatesalone.Morethan500billionareusedyearlyaroundtheworld.60.WhatwasRebeccaHosking?A.Alawyer.                                    B.Anenvironmentalist.C.Asailor.                                      D.Aphotographer.61.Theunderlinedword“disposable”inthepassageprobablymeans______.A.acceptable        B.valuable            C.throw-away     D.long-lasting62.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.A.mostofthepeopleinModburycontinuetouseplasticbagsB.fewerandfewerplasticbagswillbeusedintheworld.C.SanFranciscoisthefirstcitytobanplasticbagsintheworldD.mostcountriesintheworldhavepassedlawstobanplasticbags63.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.EnvironmentalProtection               B.BigCitiesBanningPlasticBagsC.EffectofPlasticFagsonSeaAnimals                         D.BritishTownBanningPlasticBagsCScientistshavefoundwhatlooklikecavesonMars(火星),andsaytheycouldbeprotectinglifefromtheplanet’sterribleenvironment.ThefirstcavesdiscoveredbeyondtheEarthappearassevenanysteriousblackdotsonthepicturessentbackbyNASA’sMarsOdysseyorbiter.Eachaslargeasafootballfield,theymaybeopeningsintonaturalcavesbelowtheMartiansurface.“IfthereislifeonMars,thereisagoodchanceyou’dfinditincaves,”saidJutWynne,oneoftheresearcherswhonoticedthefeatureswhileworkingonaUSGeologicalSurveyMarsCaveDetectionProgram.JonathanClarke,ageologistwiththeMarsSocietyofAustralia,yesterdaydescribedthediscoveryasexciting.Onephototakenatnightbyaninfraredimager(红外线成像器)showedoneholetobeusuallywarm,suggestinghotairtrappedduringthedayisflowingout.Isaid:“Wow,that’sacave’”Dr.Clarkesaidexcitedly.“Peoplehavebeenlookingfortheseforalongtime;nowwehavefoundthem.”Heagreedsuchcaveswouldbeperfectplacestohuntforlifeescapingfromthebitterlycold,radiation-soaked(充满辐射的),drysurface.\n“Tinydropsofwatercouldcollectinside,”hesaid.“Iftherearegasescomingout,theycouldprovideenergyforawholerangeofbacteria.Acaveisalsoaprotectionfromradiation;thesurfaceofMarsis-SIZE:10.5pt;FONT-FAMIexposedtohighlevelsofspaceradiation.”Thecavesprobablyformedwhentube-shapedlaveflows(管状岩浆流)spreadacrosstheplanetlongago.Theoutsideofthetubescooled,formingsolidwalls,whilesomethinghotterinsideallowedtheremaininghavetoflowout,formingcaves.64.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.HowthecaveswereformedonMars.B.HowscientistsfoundthesecavesonMars.C.CavesonMarsmaybefullofhotairorasignoflife.D.ScientistehavecompletelyrecognizedthesurfaceofMars.65.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat_______.A.waterhasalreadybeenfoundonMarsB.thescientistsfoundallthecavesatnightC.itiscertainthatthereislifeinthesecavesD.thesurfaceofMarsisbitterlycold,radiation-soakedanddry66.Accordingtothepassage,Dr.Clarkewassoexcitedbecause_______.A.suchcavescouldprovideenergyforlifeB.theyhadfinallyfoundthecavesonMarsC.suchcaveswouldbeperfectplacestohuntforlifeD.scientistshadlongbeenlookingforthesecaves67.NecessaryconditionsforlifeonMarsmentionedinthepassagemayinclude_______.A.lavaandenergyB.waterandradiationfromspaceC.gasesandlavaD.waterandprotectionfromradiationD68.Thebesttitleofthe3nladvertisementwouldbeA.TrainingatHome                          B.LearningatHomeC.RecordingWork                           D.WorkingatHome69.Accordingtotheinformationabove,ifyourchildhashearingproblems,youcanturnto_______.A.At-HomeProfessionCorp.            B.GlobeInsuranceCompanyC.BradfordPubbcations                    D.AmericanInventorsCorp.70.Fromtheadvertisementsabove,wecanlearnthat_______.A.GlobeInsuranceCompanyhasahistoryof___51___yearsB.asamedicaltranscriptionist,youmayearn$25,000amonthC.BradfordPublicationsoffersatreatmenttohearingimpairedparentsD.youcanvisitwww.aic.comwhenyouinventanewmodelofhearingaid EDogswag(摇摆)theirtailsindifferentdirectionsdependingonwhethertheyare\nexcitedandwantingtomoveforwardorthreatenedandthinkingofmovingback,astudyhasfound.ResearchersinItalyexaminedthetailwaggingbehaviorof30dogs,catchingtheirresponsestoarangeofstimuli(刺激物)withvideocameras.Toconductthestudytheychose15maledogsand15femaleonesagedbetweenoneandsixyears.ThedogswereallfamilypetswhoseownershadallowedthemtotakepartintheexperimentatBariUniversity.Thedogswereplacediyears.Tnalargewoodenboxwithanopeningatthefronttoallowforthemtoviewvariousstimuli.Theyweretestedoneatatime.TheresearchersledbyProfessorGiorgioVallortigaraoftheUniversityofTriestefoundthatwhenthedogswereshowntheirowners—apositiveexperience—theirtailswaggedenergeticallytotherightside.Whentheywereshownanunfamiliarhumantheywaggedtotheright,butwithsomewhatlessenthusiasm.Theappearanceofacatagaincausedaright-handsidewag,althoughwithlessintensityagain.Theappearanceofalargeunfamiliardog,similartoaGermanshepherd,changedthedirectionoftailwaggingtotheleft.Researcherssupposedthedogwasthinkingofmovingback.Whenthedogswerenotshownanystimulitheytendedtowagtheirtailstotheleft,suggestingtheypreferredcompany.Whilethechangesinthetailwaggingwerenoteasilynoticedwithouttheaidofvideo,itwasthoughtthatthefindingscouldhelppeoplejudgethemood(心情)ofdogs.Computerandvideosystems,forexample,couldbeusedbyprofessionaldogtrainerstodeterminethemoodofdogsthattheywererequiredtoapproach.71.Thevideocameraswereusedtocatchthedogs’responsesbecause_______.A.itwaseasiertocatchthedogs’responsechangesinthetailwaggingB.thedogswereputinthewoodenboxesandtestedoneatatime.C.theyenabledthedogs’ownerstoknowabouttheirdogs’habitD.thedogswaggedtheirtailsindifferentdirectionswhentheywereindifferentmoods72.Theunderlinedword“intensity”inthepassagemeans_______.A.surprise           B.worry              C.excitement       D.interest73.Whentherearenostimuli,adogwill_______.A.wagtotheleft                              B.wagtotherightC.notwagatall                                D.wagtotheleftandthentotheright74.Theunderlinedword“they”refersto_______.A.thedogs           B.thetrainers       C.thesystems      D.theresearchers75.Thepurposeofdoingtheexperimentis_______.A.totraindogsfortheirowners         B.tohelppeoplejudgethemoodofdogsC.tohelpdogsfindcompany             D.tohelppeoplechoosetheirpetdogs56.A 57.D 58.A 59.D 60.D 61.C 62.B 63.D 64.C 65.D66.B 67.D 68.D 69.C 70.D 71.A 72.C 73.A 74.B 75.DAIfyouarelostinthemountains,staycalminthefaceofdarkness,loneliness,andtheunknown.Itwillgreatlyincreaseyourchancesofsurvival（生存）.Manypeople\nthinkthatpreparingnecessaryequipmentandknowinghowtouseitareveryimportant,butactuallyeightypercentofmountainsurvivalisyourreactiontofear.FindahidingplaceUnnecessarylaborwillmakeyousweatandmakeyoucold.Findahidingplacearoundyoubeforetryingtostartyourownconstruction.Ifyouareinasnow-coveredarea,youmaybeabletodigacaveindeepsnowforprotectionfromthewind.Youshouldtrytohideyourselfinthemiddleofthemountainifpossible.Stayoutofthevalleys—coldairfalls,andthevalleyfloorcanbethecoldestareaonthemountain.SignalrescuersforhelpThebesttimetosignalrescuersisduringtheday.Signalforhelpfromthehighestpointpossible—itwillbeeasierforrescuerstoseeyou,andanysoundyoumakewilltravelfarther.Ifyoutakeaboxofmatchesandaspaceblanket（aspecialblanketfortraveling）,buildthreesmokyfiresandputyourblanket—goldsidefacingout—ontheground.DonotwalkawayItwillmakefindingyoumoredifficult,assearchteamswillbetryingtofollowyourpathandmaymissyouifyouhavegoneoffinadifferentdirection.Searchersoftenendupfindingacarwithnooneinit.Ifyougetfrostbite（冻伤）,donotrewarmtheaffectedareauntilyou’reoutofdanger.Youcanwalkonfrostbittenfeet,butonceyouwarmtheareaandcanfeelthepain,youwillnotwanttowalkanywhere.Trytoprotectthefrostbittenareaandkeepitdryuntilyouarerescued.36.Whenlostinthemountains,youcanincreaseyourchancesofsurvivalifyou_______.A.takeaspaceblanketwithyou         B.domorephysicallaborC.trytofindacarimmediately           D.walkasfaraspossibletofindhelp37.Accordingtothepassage,peoplemostprobablyfailtosurviveifthey_______.A.donottakeenoughequipment        B.stayinthemiddleofthemountainC.donotkeepthemselveswarm        D.stayinasnow-coveredarea38.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Don’ttravelbyyourself.                B.Mountaintravelingisdangerous.C.Don’tgetfrightenedindanger.       D.Avoidgoingtounfamiliarplaces.BAtafewminutespastfive.Davenotedthattheblanketofdarknesswaslifting.Hewasjustabletomakeouttheheaviermassesthateventuallyappearedasthefamiliartreesthatlinedtheroadatthebaseofthehill.Theupperreachesoftheskyshowedlightershadesofgray.Davegotoutofbedquietlyanddressedquickly.Hemixedaspoonfulofinstantchocolateintoaglassofcoldwater,andhisimpatienceforcedhimtofinishthedrinkingulps.Ashewalkeddowntowardthelake.Davepausedtoreachforthefishingpoleandgearboxonthebenchwherehehadleftthemthenightbefore.\nBythetimewherehereachedthesmallboat,athickwhitemist（雾气）hadspreadoverthesurfaceofthewater.Hesteppedintotheboat,satdown,androwedoutoftheweedbedsthatlinedtheedgeoftheshore.Theouterfringe（边缘）ofthelakedisappearedastheboatmovedforwardnoiselessly.Allhecouldseewastheenvelopingwhiteness.Hecouldnottellwheretheboatandthesurroundingairmetthesurfaceofthelake.Daverowedsteadilyahead,relyingofamentalpictureofthesurroundings.Thenthemistbegantorise,slowlyItsoonrestedinchesabovethestillsurfaceofthelake.Theheavysilencewasnowbeingbrokenbythefishbreakingthroughthesurfaceastheyleapedoutofthewaterforlow-flyinginsects.Themagictimehadarrived.Daveraisedhispole.Davnwasbroken.Hewasexcitedwithexpectancy.39.Davegotupearlyinthemorningto.A.enjoythesceneofthelakeB.seekadventureatthelakeC.gofishinginthelakeD.takeawalkbythelake40.Accrdingtothestory,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Davebrokethequietnessofthelake.B.Davewasfamiliarwiththesurroundings.C.Davetookapictureofthelakewithhim.D.Daveforgotthefishingpoleatthebeginning.41.Theunderlinedword“It”inParagraph6refersto.A.fishB.boatC.silenceD.mist42.Whatcanwelearnfromtheendofthestory?A.Davewashopefulofcatchingalotoffish.B.Davewishedtheweatherwouldbebetter.C.Davewashappythatdawnwasbroken.D.Daveexpectedsomeoneelsewouldcome.CSomechildrenarenatural-bornbosses.Theyhaveastrongneedtomakedecisions,managetheirenvironment,andleadratherthanfollow.StephenJackson,aYearOnestudent,“operatesunderthetheoryofwhat’smineismineandwhat’syoursismine,”sayshismother.“TheotherdayIboughttwonewStarWarslightsabers（剑）。Later,IsawStephenwiththetwonewoneswhilehisbrogherwasusingthebeat-upones.”“Examinetheextendedfamily,andyou’llprobablyfindabossygrandparent,aunt,uncleorcousinineverygeneration.It’taninheritabletrait,”saysRussellBarkley,aprofessorattheMedicalUniversityofSouthCarolina.Otherchildrenwhomaynotbeparticularlybossycanbraduallygaindominance（支配地位）whentheysensetheirparentsareweak,hesitant,orindisagreementwitheachother.\nWhetherit’sinbornnatureordevelopedcharacteratwork,toomuchcontrolinthehandsattheyoungisn’thealthyforchildrenorthefamily,Fearisattherootofalotofbossybehavior,saysfamilypsychologistJohnTaylor.Children,hesaysinhisbookFromDefiancetoCooperation,“havesecretfeelingsofweakness”and“adesiretofeelsafe.”It’stheparents’roletoprovidethatprotection.Whena“bosschild”doesn’tlearnlimitsathome,thestageissetforahostoftroublesoutsidethefamily.Theoverlywillfulandunbendingchildmayhavetroubleobeyingteachersorcoaches,forexample,ortroublekeepingfriends.Itcanbeprettylonelyasthetopdogifnoonelikesyourbossyways.“Iseemoreandmoreparentsgivinguptheirpower,”saysBarkley,whohasstudiedbossybehaviorformorethan30years.“Theybendtoofarbecausetheydon’twanttobeasstrictastheirownparentswere.Buttheyalsofeellessconfidentabouttheirparentingskills.Theirkids,inturn,feelmoreanxious.”43.BossychildrenlikeStephenJackson.A.makegooddecisionsB.showself-centerednessC.lackcarefromothersD.havelittlesenseoffear44.Theunderlinedphrase“inheritabletrait”inParagraph2means.A.inbornnatureB.developedcharacterC.acceptedtheoryD.particularenvironment45.Thestudyonbossybehaviorimpliesthatparents.A.shouldgivemorepowertotheirchildrenB.shouldbestrictwiththeirchildrenC.shouldnotbesoanxiousabouttheirchildrenD.shouldnotsetlimitsfortheirchildren46.Bossychildrenmayprobablybecome.A.relaxedB.skillfulC.hesitantD.lonely47.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Howbossybehaviorcanbecontrolled.B.Howwecangetalongwithbossychildren.C.Whatleadstochildren’sbossybehavior.D.Whateffectbossybehaviorbringsabout.DResearchersareplacingroboticdogs（机器狗）inthehomesoflonelyoldpeopletodeterminewhethertheycanimprovethequalityoflifeforhumans.AlanBeck,anexpertinhuman-animalrelationship,andNancyEdwards,aprofessorofnursing,areleadingtheanimal-assistedstudyconcerningtheinfluenceofroboticdogsonoldpeople’sdepression,physicalactivity,andlefesatisfaction.“Noonewillarguethatanolderpersonisbetteroffbeingmoreactive,challenged,orstimulated（刺激）,”Edwardspointsout.“Theproblemishowwepromote（使……成为现实）\nthat,especiallyforthosewithoutriendsorhelp.Aroboticdogcouldbeasolution.”Inthestudy,therobot,calledAIBO,isplacedforsixweeksinthehousesofsomeoldpeoplewholivealone.BeforeplacingAIBOinthehome,researcherswillcollectbaselinedataforsixweeks.TheseoldpeoplewillkeepadiarytonotetheirfeelingsandactivitybeforeandafterAIBO.Then,theresearcherswillreviewthedatatodetermineifithasinspiredanychangesinthelifeofitsowner.“Italktohimallthetime,andherespondstomyvoice,”saysaseventy-year-oldlady,“WhenI’mwatchingTV,he’llstayinmyarmsuntilhewantsdown.Hehasamindofhisown.”TheAIBOsrespondtocertainorders.Theresearcherssaytheyhavesomeadvantagesoverlivedogs,especiallyforoldpeople.Oftentheelderlyaredisabledandcannotcareforananimalbywalkingitorplayingwithit.Aroboticdogremovesexerciseandfeedingconcerns.“Atthebeginning,itwasbelievedthatnoonewouldrelatetotheroboticdog,becauseitwasmetalandnotfurry.”Becksays.“Butit’samazinghowquicklywehavegivenupthatbelief.”“Hopefully,downtheroad,theseroboticpetscouldbecomeamore-valuablehealthhelper.Theywillrecordtheirmasters’bloodpressure,oxygenlevels.Orheartrhythms.ASIBOsmayevenonedayhavegamesthatcanhelpstimulateolderpeople’sminds.”48.ThepurposeofBeckandEdwards’studyisto.A.understandhuman-animalrelationshipB.makelonelyoldpeople’slifebetterC.findthecausesofoldpeople’slonelinessD.promotetheanimal-assistedresearch49.Intheresearch,theoldpeopleareaskedto.A.notetheactivitiesofAIBOsB.keepAIBOsathomefor12weeksC.recordtheirfeelingsandactivityD.analyzethecollectedinformation50.WhatistheadvantageofAIBOoverlivedogs?A.Itiseasiertokeepathome.B.Itcanhelpthedisabledpeople.C.Itrespondstoallthehumanorders.D.ItcanwatchTVwithitsowner.51.Theauthorseemstosuggestthatthefutureroboticdogsmay.A.curecertaindiseasesB.keepoldpeopleactiveC.changepeople’sbeliefsD.lookmorelikerealgodsEAttitubdeisaninternal（内在的）statethatinfluencesthechoicesofpersonalactionmadebytheindividual（个人）.Someresearchersconsiderthatattitudescomefromdefferencesbetweenbeliefsandideas;othersbelievethatattitudescomefrom\nemotionalstates.Here,wefocusontheeffectsofattitudesuponbehavior,thatis,uponthechoicesofactionmadebytheindividual.Thekindsofactionstakenbyhumanbeingsareobviouslyinfluencedgreatlybyattitudes.Whetheronelistenstoclassicalmusicorrock,whetheroneobeysthespeedlimitwhiledriving,whetheroneencouragesone’shusbandorwifetoexpresshisorherownideas－allareinfluencedbyattitudes.Theseinternalstatesareacquired（获得）throughoutlifefromsitationsoneisfacedwithinthehome,inthestreets,andintheschool.Ofcourse,thecourseofactionchosenbyanindividualinanysituationwillbelargelydeterminedbytheparticularsofthatsituation.Anindividualwhohasastrongattitudeofobeyinglawsmaydrivetoofastwhenheisinahurryandnopolicecarsinsight.Achildwhohasastrongattitudeofhonestymaystealapennywhenshethinksnoonewillnotice,Buttheinternalstatewhichremainsunchangedoveraperiodoftime,andwhichmakestheindividualbehaveregularlyinavarietyofsituations,iswhatismeantbyanattitude.Attitudesarelearnedinavarietyofways.Theycanresultfromsingleincidents,aswhenanattitudetowardsnakesisacquiredbyanexperienceinchildhoodatthesuddenwovementofasnake.Theycanresultfromtheindividual’sexperiencesofsuccessandpleasure,aswhensomeoneacquiresapositiveattitudetowarddoingcrosswordpuzzlesbybeingabletocompletesomeofthem,Andfrequently,theyarelearnedbycopyingotherpeople’sbehavior,aswhenachildlearnshowtobehavetowardforeignersbyobservingtheactionsofhisparents.Regaudlessofthesedifferences,thereissomethingincommoninthelearningandmodihcation（修正）ofattitudes.52.Accordingtothepassage,attitudes.A.comefromdifferentsituationsinone’slifeB.arelargelyaffectedbyone’sbehaviorC.remainunchangedinone’sdailylifeD.couldbechosenaccordingtoone’swill53.TheauthorusestheexamplesinParagraph3toshow.A.peopleoftenmakemistakeswhentheyarenotnoticedB.peoplewithgoodattitudesmaysometimesdobaddeedsC.particularsofasituationmayinfluenceanindividual’sactionD.anindividualmaychangehisorherattitudefairlyeasily54.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthelearningofattitudes?A.Attitudesareonlylearnedthroughone’ssuccess.B.Attitudeslearnedindangerwilllastlonger.C.Copyingothersbehaviorisnotagoodidea.D.Attitudescanbelearnedfromone’sparents.55.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.DifferencesofAttitudes.B.NatureofAttitude.C.ChoicesofAttitudes.D.ModificationofAttitude.\n36.A  37.C  38.C  39.C  40.B41.D  42.A  43.B  44.A  45.B  46.D  47.C  48.B  49.C  50.A51.B  52.A  53.C  54.D  55.BATheMarcheswereahappyfamily.Poverty,hardwork,andeventhefactthatFatherMarchwasawaywiththeUnionarmiescouldnotdownthespiritsofMeg,Jo,Beth,Amy,andMatinee,astheMarchgirlscalledtheirmother.TheMarchsisterstriedtobegoodbuthadtheirshareoffaults,PrettyMegwasoftendispleasedwiththeschoolchildren.shetaught;boyishJowaseasytobecomeangry;golden-hairedschoolgirlAmylikedtoshowup;butBeth,whokeptthehouse,waslovingandgentlealways.ThehappydayspassedanddarknesscamewhenatelegramarrivedforMrs.March."Yourhusbandisveryill,"itsaid,"comeatonce."Thegirlstriedtobebravewhentheirmotherleftforthefront.Theywaitedandprayed.LittleBethgotscarletfever(猩红热)whenshewastakingcareofasickneighbor.ShebecameveryillbutbegantorecoverbythetimeMarmeewasback.ThenFathercamehomefromthefrontandatthatjoyfulChristmasdinnertheywereoncemorealltogether.ThreeyearslatertheMarchgirlshadgrownintoyoungwomanhood.MegbecameMrs.Brooke,andafterafewfamilytroublesgotusedtohernewstatehappily.Johadfoundpleasureinherliteraryefforts.Amyhadgrownintoayoungladywithatalentfordesignandanevengreateroneforsociety.ButBethhadneverfullyregainedherhealth,aridherfamilywatchedherwithloveandanxiety.AmywasaskedtogoandstayinEuropewitharelativeoftheMarches'.JowenttoNewYorkandbecamesuccessfulinherwritingandhadthesatisfactionofseeingherworkpublishedthere.Butathomethebitterestblewwasyettofall.Bethhadknownforsometimethatshecouldn'tlivemuchlongertobewithherfamily,andinthespringtimeshedied.NewscamefromEuropethatAmyandLaurie,thegrandsonofawealthyneighbor,hadplannedtobemarriedsoon.NowJobecameevermomsuccessfulinherwritingandgotmarriedtoProfessorBhaer,andsoonafterwardsfoundedaschoolforboys.Andsothelittlewomenhadgrownupandlivedhappilywiththeirchildren,enjoyingtheharvestofloveandgoodnessthattheyhaddevotedalltheirlivesto.56.ThemembersoftheMarchfamilywereFatherMarch,Mrs.Marchandtheir________.A.fourdaughtersB.fivedaughtersC.sonandfourdaughtersD.sonandfivedaughters57.Whowasthemostsuccessfulincareer(事业)amongtheMarchgirls?A.Jo.B.Beth.C.Amy.D.Meg.58.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheMarchFamily.B.TheMarchParents.C.TheMarchGirls.D.TheMarchRelatives.59.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheMarchfamilyhad____________.\nA.bothhappinessandsadnessB.wealthyneighborsC.moregirlsthanboysD.alotofrichrelativesBThefirstrealityTVshowintheworldwascalledExpeditionRobinsonanditwasshowninSwedenin1997.HalfthepopulationofthecountrywatchedthefinaleventandanewkindofTVprogramwasborn.TwoyearslaterinHolland,thefirstseriesofBigBrotherwasfilmed.Again,itwasagreatsuccessandthefinalprogramwaswatchedby15millionpeople.Nowmorethan20countriesaroundtheworldhaveBigBrotherorExpeditionRobinsonontheirTVscreens.TheordinarypeoplewhotakepartintheprogramsareknownbymillionsofpeopleintheirowncountriesandrealityTVhasbecomebig,bigbusiness.FortheTVproducers,realityTVisadreamcometruebecausemanyoftheprogramscostnothingtomake.Atsomepoint,thetelevisionviewers(观众)areaskedtotelephonetheprogramtovoteortoapplytotakepartintheshow.Itisthecostofthesetelephonecallsthatpaysfortheshows.OneofthemostpopularshowsisPopIdol.Intheshow,agroupofattractiveyoungpeoplearemadeintopopstars.TVviewersvotefortheirfavoritepersonontheshow.Thewinnermakesarecordandmillionsofcopiesoftherecordaresold.Hisorherpicturesarepublishedonthecoversofmagazinesoronthefrontpagesofnewspapers,andthen,theyarequicklyforgotten.ButnoteveryoneishappyaboutrealityTV.InPortugaltwoTVchannelsgotintotroublebecausetheyshowedtoomuchofthepersonallivesofthepeopleintheshows.InFrance,realityTViscalled"rubbishTV"andtheTVstudiosofBigBrotherwereattackedthreetimesinoneweek.InGreece,BigBrotherwasdescribedas"againsthumanrightsandcivilization".60.ThosewhotakepartinrealityTVshowsamusually_________.A.commonpeopleB.popTVstarsC.attractivepeopleD.famousfilmstars61.WhowouldpayforthecostofrealityTVshowsaccordingtothepassage?A.TVproducerswhomakerealityTVshows.B.TVactorswhotakepartinrealityTVshows.C.TVviewerswhotelephonerealityTVshows.D.TVcompanieswhichbroadcastrealityTVshows.62.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.PopIdolisoneofthepopularrealityTVshowsintheworld.B.BigBrotherwasoneofthefirstrealityTVshowsintheworld.C.RubbishTVisoneofthepersonalrealityTVshowsintheworld.D.ExpeditionRobinsonwasthefirstrealityTVshowintheworld.63.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat__________.A.everyoneishappyaboutrealityTVB.realityTVwilldowellinmanycountriesC.allthepeopleinEuropeareinfavorofrealityTVD.realityTVwillnotbebroadcastinanycountriesC\nIIITheopeningceremonyofthisfamousyearlycompetition(比赛)willbeginat11:30a.m.Therewillbemusicgroups,rappersandchildren'schorus.12∶25p.m.seestheintroductionoftheeaterswhocomefromallovertheworld.At12:40pm.,thehistoric12-minuteall-you-can-eatcompetitionwillbegin.Theworldrecordstandsatover50hotdogsandbunsin12minutes.Willanyonebeattherecordthisyear?Viewingisavailableonafirst-come-first-servedbasisTelevisionareinvitedtouseatwo-tiered(两层)stagethreemetresfromthemainstage.Theareainfrontofthemainstageiskeptforphotographersandtelevisioncameraswithouttripods(三脚架)FewperiodsmhistoryareasexcitingasthetimewhentheVikings(北欧海盗)wereknown—andsometimesfeared—through-outScandinavia,theBritishIsles,Russia,alltheMediterranean,AfricaandevenAmerica.Frojölisafamily-basedsociety,whichaimstoreliveanddescribetheVikingsfromaharbor-Frojöl,ontheSwedishislandofGotland.FrojölwasoneoftherichesttradingcentresintheVikingworld.Themembersofthesocietyaimtorecreatetheclothing,weapons,tools,jewellery,games,foodandfurnitureofthatlong-goneperiod.Theywanttoenjoyanescapetoasimpler,morerelaxedtime,withlike-mindedpeople.Theywillalsousetheitemstheyhavemadetorelivethatageatvariouspublicentertainments.64.AccordingtoAdvertisementI,thefamousyearlycompetitionis________.A.amusiccompetitionB.aneatingcompetitionC.acookingcompetitionD.apicture-takingcompetition65.Peoplewhocometowatchthecompetitionearliestmay___________.A.getthebestwatchingpositionB.getthebestfoodC.watchwhatevertheywanttoD.takegoodpictures66.ThebesttitleforAdvertisementIIwouldbe_____________.A.TheVikingsB.RelivingoftheVikingsC.FrojölD.AVikingRelivingSociety67.FromtheadvertisementweknowthatFrojölusedtobe_________.A.aVikingclubB.afamily-basedsocietyC.aEuropeanislandD.atradingcentreDInarecentlypublishedbook,Icameacrosssomeexerciseswithinterestingnamessuchasfishbonediagrams,lotusflowers,andclustering.AsIusedtheseexercisesinmyclasses,Inoticedthatstudentswereinterested.Theysaidmoreandwrotemore.Theyenjoyedexpressingtheirideasandsharingthemingroups.Theywerenolongerpassivelywaitingforthebell,butactivelytookpartinthelesson.Ifindthatcreativity(创新)canactasawaytoincreaseparticipationandimprovefluency(流利程度).Creativityhasbecomeapopularwordinrecentyears.Scholarinthearts,psychology(心理学),business,education,andscienceareallworkingtogetadeeper\nunderstandingofit.RobertJ.SternbergisacreativityspecialistandYaleprofessorofpsychology.Hedefinescreativityas"theabilitytoproduceworkthatisbothnew(original)andappropriate(applicabletothesituation)".Thisdefinitionisuseful,aswewantourstudentstouselanguageinanewway,andtouseitcorrectlyandproperly.Mostscholarssaytherearetwotypesofcreativity:big"C"creativityandsmall"c"creativity.Big"C"creativityreferstogeniuslevelthinkingthatresultsinartisticmasterpiecesandscientificbreakthroughs.Small"c"creativityreferstoeverydaylevelthinkingthatcanbeusedinanysituation.Ouremphasisisonthelatter.WhileitgoeswithoutsayingthatanyofourstudentscouldgoontobethenextPicassoorEdison,ouraimistohelpstudentsproducemoreideasanduselanguageinnewways.68.Theunderlinedwords"waitingforthehell"inthefirstparagraphprobablymean_________.A.longingforaphonecallB.hopingtohaveabellC.expectingtheendoftheclassD.wantingtospeakinclass69.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorthoughttheexercisesinthebookwere________.A.popularB.usefulC.scientificD.creative70.Whenyouuseaveryfamiliarwordinanewway,youare________.A.creativeinthesenseofbig"C"creativityB.creativeinthesenseofsmall"c"creativityC.notcreativeinthesenseofbig"C"creativityD.notcreativeinthesenseofsmall"c"creativity71.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto_________.A.showhowusefulthebookisB.explainwhatcreativityisC.discusshowonecanbecreativeD.tellwhatteachingaimsatEAneweight-kilometreroadisunderconstructionthatlinkstheportareawiththemotorwaysystem.Itisexpectedtocarry20,000trucksandcarsaday,whichgreatlyreducestheovercrowdedtrafficinthecentreofthecity.Aspartoftheproject,twofour-kif0metreroadtunnelsarebeingbuiltbelowthecentralareaofthecity,onefortraffictothenorthandtheotherfortraffictothesouth.Thetwotunnelsareabout20metresbelowthesurfaceandare12metreswide,providingfortwolanesoftrafficineachdirection.Intheupperpartofthetunneltwoair-conditioningpipesremovethewastegasoftrucksandcarsandkeepthequalityofairinsidethetunnel.Thelightingisatthetopofthetunnel,practicallyatitshighestpoint.Therewillalsobeelectronicsignsatfrequentintervals(间隔).Theyshowtrafficconditionsahead,andcanbeseenclearlybydrivers.Thewallismadeupoffourmainelements,whichincludeawaterproofingcoveringand,ontheinsideofthetunnel,aconcretelining(混凝土衬砌).Eachtunnelisroughlyroundandthelowerpartofthetunnelissomewhatflat.Thesurfaceoftheroadliesonthebase,whichismadeofconcreteandsteel.Thedrainagesystem(排水系统),justbelowtheroad\nsurfaceononeaide,removesanyextraliquid,particularlywater.Intheeventoffire,thefiremain,whichismadeofsteel,pipeswatertomanyfirehydrantstationsatregularintervalsalongthelengthofthetunnel.Thefiremainisatthesideofthetunnel,andattheleveloftheroadsurface.Othersystemsinthetunnelwillincludeemergencyphones.72.Eachofthetunnelsunderconstructionis___________.A.eightkilometreslongandtwentymetreswideB.eightkilometreslongandsixmetreswideC.fourkilometreslongandtwentymetreswideD.fourkilometreslongandsixmetreswide73.Whichpartofthetunnelinthediagramisusedtopipeoutextrawater?A.1.B.3.C.5.D.6.74.Drivinginthetunnel,onecanknowthetrafficconditionsaheadthrough________.A.thelightsB.theelectronicsignsC.thetrucksandcarsD.theemergencyphones75.Thepassageismainlyabout_____________.A.theconstructionofaroadB.thedesignofaroadC.theconstructionoftwotunnelsD.thedesignoftwotunnels56.A57.A58.C59.A60.A61.C62.C63.B64.B65.A66.D67.D68.C69.D70.B71.B72.D73.C74.B75.DAANATIONWIDEBESTSELLERIt'slikelythateverythingyoulearnedaboutAmerica'sancienthistoryiswrong.Thenewbook,1491,completelychangesourunderstandingoftheAmericasbeforethearrivalofColumbusin1492.DIDYOUKNOW?WhenColumbuslandedtherewereprobablymorepeopleintheAmericasthantherewereinEurope.ThepeoplesofNorthAmericahadsuchhealthylife-stylesthataslateasthe19thcenturytheycontinuedtobethetallestpeopleonearth.FactshaveshownthattheAmericaswerepopulatedaslongas33,000yearsago.4,000yearsagoMesoamericanfarmersdevelopedcorninafeat(技艺)ofgeneticengineeringthatstillisn'tcompletelyunderstood.COMMENTSON1491"InthetraditionofJaredDiamond&JohnMcPhee,atotallynewviewofpie-ColumbianAmerica"--RichardRhodes"Attractivelywrittenandreallyabsorbing...CharlesC.Mannhasproduceda\nbookthat'spartdetectivestory,partepic(史诗)andparttragedy(悲剧).Hehastakenonavasttopic:thousandsofyears,twohugecontinents,andcultures."--CharlesMatthews,SanJoseMercuryNews"Powerfulandchallenging"--AlanTaylor,WashingtonPost"Apleasuretoreadaswellasawonderfuleducation"--HowardZinn56.Onthewhole,1491isabookmainlyaboutAmerica's_______.A.life-stylesB.populationC.historyD.agriculture57.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaboutthecommentsonthebook1491?A.Itisinterestingandinstructive.B.ItisattractiveandculturallyrelatedC.Itischallengingandrevolutionary.D.Itishumorousandpersuasive.58.Fromthispassage,wecanlearn______.A.peoplesettledintheAmericasalittleearlierthan1492B.NorthAmericanswerethetallestinthe18thcenturyintheworldC.Mesoamericanfarmersknewgeneticengineering5,000yearsagoD.thepopulationintheAmericaswassmallerthanthatinEuropein1492.BForthefirsttimeinmodemhistory,lessthanhalfoftheU.S.adultpopulationnowreadsliterature,accordingtoarecentsurvey.ReadingatRisk:ASurveyofLiteraryReadinginAmericapresentsadetailedreviewofthedeclineofreading'sroleinthenation'sculture.ReadingatRiskisasurveyofnationalfashioninadultliteraryreading.ThedatasourceforReadingatRiskisasreliableandobjective(客观的)asanysuchsurveycanbe.Thekeyresultsofthesurveyarepresentedinthe"Summary",butthereportcanbefurtherexplainedas:literaryreadinginAmericaisnotonlydecliningrapidlyamongallgroups,buttherateofdeclinehasbeenspeededup,especiallyamongtheyoung.ReadingatRiskmerelyshowsagreatculturalchangethatmostAmericanshavealreadynoted–oursociety'sgreatturntoelectronicmediaforentertainmentandinformation.Readingabookrequiresadegreeofactiveattentionanddevotion.Indeed,readingitselfisaprogressiveskillthatdependsonyearsofeducationandpractice.Onthecontrary,mostelectronicmediasuchastelevision,recordings,andradiomakefewerdemandsontheiraudiences,andindeedoftenrequirenomorethanpassiveparticipation.Whileoralculturehasarichrealityandelectronicmediaoffertheconsiderableadvantagesofvariety,printcultureaffordsirreplaceableformsoffocusedattentionandthoughtthatmakevariouscommunicationsandviewspossible.Thedeclineinreading,therefore,equalsalargerretreat(减少)fromparticipationinpublicandculturallife.Whatistobedone?Thereissurelynosinglesolutiontothepresentproblem,justasthereisnosinglecause.TheimportantthingnowistounderstandthatAmericacannolongertakeactiveanddevotedreadingforgranted.\nReadingisnotatimeless,commonability.AsmoreAmericanslosethisability,ournationbecomeslessinformed,active,andindependentminded.Thesearenotqualitiesthatafree,inventive,orproductivesocietycanaffordtolose.59.Themainpurposeofthesurveyisto_______.A.focusontheroleofelectronicmediaandreadingB.showthatAmericanyoungpeoplereadlessandlessC.giveareportofthenationalfashionofliteraryreadingD.reviewthatlessthanhalfofthepopulationnowreadsliterature60.Accordingtothepassage,reading_______.A.requireslessattentionanddevotionB.demandsnomorethanpassiveparticipationC.limitsvariouscommunicationsandviewsD.meansactiveparticipationinpublicandculturallife61.Theunderlinedphrase"culturalchange"inParagraph2referstothechange________.A.fromoralculturetoelectronicmediaB.fromprintculturetoelectronicmediaC.fromelectronicmediatooralcultureD.fromelectronicmediatoprintculture62.Theauthorofthepassage_______.A.misunderstandsoralcultureB.doubtstheresultsofthesurveyC.encouragestheAmericanstoreadmoreD.agreestothesolutiontothepresentprobleminreadingCThecoyote(丛林狼),thatcleveranimalofwide-openspaces,hascometothenation'scapital.Infact,coyoteshavespreadtoeverycomeroftheUnitedStates,changingtheirbehaviorstofitnewenvironmentsandcausingresearcherstodealwithatroublesomenewkindofcreature:thecitycoyote.Thecoyoteoriginallylivedinthemiddleofthecontinent.Oneofitsmostobviouscharactersisitssmartness,whichhasmadetheanimalanotorious(臭名昭著的)pest.Hunterstrapped,shotandpoisonedmorethanamillioncoyotesinthe1900s.It'sstilloneofAmerica'smosthuntedanimals.Yetthecoyotehassurvived.Howhasthecoyoteshownthisextraordinaryability?"Iguessifyouwantedtouseoneword,it'dbe'plasticity',"saysEricGese,anexpertatUtahStateUniversity.Coyotescanlivealone,inpairs,orinlargepackslikewolves;huntatnightorduringtheday;occupyasmallregionoranareaupto40squaremiles;andliveonallsortsoffood,fromlizardsandshoes,toantsandmelons.UnbelievablypeoplehelpedcoyotesincreasewhentheykilledmostofthewolvesintheUnitedStates.Thespreadingofcoyotesintocityareas,though,isrecent.Theytravelatnight,crossingsidewalksandbridges,runningalongroadsandduckingintoculverts(钻入涵洞)andunderpasses.Nooneknowswhycoyotesaremovingintocities.,butexpertsexplainthatcleverer,morehuman-tolerant(不怕人的)\ncoyotesareteachingurbansurvivalskillstonewgenerations.Occasionally,coyotesmightattackhumanbeings.Therehavebeenabout160attacksonpeopleinrecentyears.Therefore,peoplehavebeenconsistentlytoldnottofeedcoyotesorleavepetfoodunsecured.That,plusalargetrappingprogramintheneighborhood,hascutdownonthecoyotepopulation.63.Theunderlinedword"plasticity"inParagraph2refersto______A.theabilitytofittheenvironmentB.notorioussmartnessC.huntingabilityD.beinghuman-tolerant64.Theaimofthepassageisto______A.tellpeoplehowtofightagainstcoyotesB.telluswhythecoyoteisthemosthuntedanimalC.supplythereasonwhythecoyoteisakindofnotoriouspestD.explainhowthecoyotehasspreadtoandsurvivedincities65.Accordingtothepassage,coyotes_______A.originallylivedinthewestofthecontinentB.sleepduringthedaybutlookforfoodatnightC.areteachingsurvivalskillstotheiryoungergenerationsD.sufferedapopulationdecreasebecausepeoplekilledwolves66.Accordingtothepassage,tocutdownonthecoyotepopulation,peopleareadvisedto_______A.leavepetfoodsecuredB.keepcoyotesinsmallregionsC.forcecoyotestolivealoneD.avoidusingtrappingprogramsDThediscoveryofadwarfed(矮个的)"humanbeing"wholivedinFlores,Indonesia,upto18,000yearsagoischangingthewaywethinkaboutthehumanfamily.This"FloresHuman"wasthreefoottallandherbrainwassmallerthanthatoftheaveragechimp(黑猩猩),yetsheandherrelativesapparentlylivedfullyhumanlives.Theyseemtohavemadetools,workedtogethertofindfoodandcookit,andperhapsevenburiedtheirdeadwithceremony.Itwasamajorsurprisetofindtoolsassociatedwiththenewhumanfamilymember.ThetoolsarelikethoseformerlyseenonlywithEuropeanfossils(化石)fromourownspecies,Homosapiens(智人),andtheoldestofthemweremade94,000yearsago.Homosapiensisthoughttohavearrivedintheislandabout40,000yearsago,muchtoolatetoberesponsibleforthetools.Ifthistinyhumanmadethetools,thentheinsidestructure(结构)ofitsbrainmusthavebeenmorelikeourownthanachimp's,despitebeingjustathirdthesizeofours.This"'newhuman"wassuspectedtobeadwarfedbranchofHomoerectus(直立人).Whencreaturesareseparatedinregionswithrareresourcesbutfewenemies,beingbigisadisadvantage,andevolutiontendstoshrinkthem,aprocessknownasislanddwarfing.Couldnaturalselectionmakeahumansmallerwhilekeeping--evenimproving–mentalability?Quitepossibly,believesChristopherWillsoftheUniversityofCalifornia.Hasthe"FloresHuman"evenshowntheabilityoflanguage?"Ifinditdifficulttoimaginethatpeople，couldmaketools,usefire,andkilllargeanimalswithout\nfairlyadvancedcommunication."Willssays.Did"FloresHuman"possessthebasiccomponentsofhumanculture--suchastheburyingofthedeadwithceremony?EmilianoBruneroftheItalianInstitutepointsoutthatIndonesia'shot,wetenvironmentisbadforfossilization.Itisreasonabletoassume,hesays,thatthe18,000-year-oldbonesofthemostcompleteFloreswomanwerewell-preservedbecauseshewasburiedwithspecialcare.67.Accordingtothepassage,"FloresHuman"_____.A.livedapartlyhumanlifeB.wasabranchofHomosapiensC.usedtoolsbeforeHomosapiensarrivedD.hadabrainaslargeasacommonchimp's68.Theunderlinedpart"thistinyhuman"inParagraph2referstoA.achimpB.FloresHumanC.HomosapiensD.Homoerectus69.Thispassagemainlytalksabout______.A.thetoolsmadeby"FloresHuman"B.thelanguageusedby"FloresHuman"C.theevolutionof"FloresHuman"D.themajorsurprisingfindingsabout"FloresHuman"70.Accordingtothepassage,itisbelievedthat"FloresHuman"______.A.wasdwarfedbyitsenemiesB.coulduselanguageC.leftalotoffossilsinthehotandwetenvironmentD.reachedFlores40,000yearsagoESusanSontag(1933--2004)wasoneofthemostnoticeablefiguresintheworldofliterature.Formorethan40yearsshemadeitmorallynecessarytoknoweverything--toreadeverybookworthreading,toseeeverymovieworthseeing.Whenshewasstillinherearly30s,publishingessaysinsuchimportantmagazinesasPartisanReview,sheappearedasthesymbolofAmericanculturallife,tryinghardtofolloweverynewdevelopmentinliterature,filmandart.Withgreateffortandseriousjudgment,Sontagwalkedatthelatestedgesofworldculture.SeriousnesswasoneofSontag'slifelongwatchwords(格言),butatatimewhenthebarriersbetweenthewell-educatedandthepoor-educatedwereobvious,shearguedforatrueopennesstothepleasuresofpopculture.In"NotesonCamp",the1964essaythatfirstmadehername,sheexplainedwhatwasthenalittle-knownsetofdifficultunderstandings,throughwhichshecouldnothavebeenmorefamous."NotesonCamp",shewrote,represents"avictoryof'form'over'content','beauty'over'morals'".Byconviction(信念)shewasasensualist(感觉论者),butbynatureshewasamoralist(伦理学者),andintheworksshepublishedinthe1970sand1980s,itwasthelattersideofherthatcameforward.InIllnessasMetaphor--publishedin1978,aftershesufferedcancer--shearguedagainsttheideathatcancerwassomehowa\nspecialproblemofrepressedpersonalities(被压抑的个性),aconceptthateffectivelyblamedthevictimforthedisease.Infact,re-examiningoldpositionswasherlifelonghabit.InAmerica,herstoryofa19thcenturyPolishactresswhosetupaperfectsocietyinCalifornia,wontheNationalBookAwardin2000.Butitwasasatireless,all-purposeculturalviewthatshemadeherlastingfame."Sometimes,"sheoncesaid,"Ifeelthat,intheend,allIamreallydefending...istheideaofseriousness,oftreeseriousness."Andintheend,shemadeustakeitseriouslytoo.71.TheunderlinedsentenceinParagraphImeansSontag_______.A.wasasymbolofAmericanculturallifeB.developedworldliterature,filmandartC.publishedmanyessaysaboutworldcultureD.keptpacewiththenewestdevelopmentofworldculture72.Shefirstwonhernamethrough_______.A.herstoryofaPolishactressB.herbookIllnessasMetaphorC.publishingessaysinmagazineslikePartisanReviewD.herexplanationofasetofdifficultunderstandings73.Accordingtothepassage,SusanSontag____.A.wasasensualistaswellasamoralistB.lookeddownuponthepopcultureC.thoughtcontentwasmoreimportantthanformD.blamedthevictimofcancerforbeingrepressed74.AsforSusanSontag'slifelonghabit,she______.A.misunderstoodtheideaofseriousnessB.re-examinedoldpositionsC.arguedforanopennesstopopcultureD.preferredmoralstobeauty75.SusanSontag'slastingfamewasmadeupon_____.A.atireless,all-purposeculturalviewB.herlifelongwatchword:seriousnessC.publishingbooksonmoralsD.enjoyingbooksworthreadingandmoviesworthseeing56-60CDBCD61-65BCADC66-70ACBDB71-75DDABAATheincidenttookplaceonSunday，the25thOfJune．Onthatparticularday，asouthwindhadbeengusting(劲吹)onandoffallmorning．Itwasnotstrongenoughtocauseusanyconcern，sowecarriedonourdailyworknotsuspecdngwhatwasabouttohappon．Thestormgaveusverylittlewarnning．Blackcloudsloomedoverthedistanthorizon(地平线)sosuddenlythatweweretakenbysurprise．Eventhen，wewerenotreallyworried，asthecloudsseemedtobemovingoverourhouseandtowardsthedistantmoountains．Then，justasthecloudshadmovedinland，thewindsuddenlyswungaroundina\nfullcircleandwewerefacingamajorstorm．Instantly，wewerebusilypreaparingfortheworst．Thewholefamilyhadexperiencedsuchastormbeforeandevelyonerememberedthedamageithadcausedtostockandcrops．Therewasverylittlewecoulddoabouttbecorps.Butweneedcdtoprotecttheanimalsincasetheriverfloodedagain．Myolderbrothercalledhissheep-dogandbegandrivingoursmallflockofsheeptohighergroundaboveriver．Iftheriverflooded，theyshouldbesafethere．Inthemeantime，myfatherwasmendingashedroofthathadpartlyfallendownaftermanyyearsoffineservice．Ifthetinflewoff，itcoulddamagethehouse．Myyoungerbrotherbeganhurriedlycarryingfirewoodundertheshelter．MyjobwastohelpMumboardupthewindows．Ifthestormdevelopdeintoacyclone(旋风)，theboaldswouldprotecttheglass.Thcstormragedforfourhours，pouringmorerainonusthanwehadseeninthelastfiveyears．Asexpectcd，theriverborkeitsbanksandcameslowlyuptowardsthehouseandthestock．’Then，jnstaswewerebeginningtolosehope，thestormstoppedassuddenlyasithadbegun．Theanimalsweresafe，andtheroofwasstillnailedon．“All，sweUthatendswell,"Saidmymother.56．Whentheblackcloudsappearedsuddenlyinthedistance.A．thefamilyweresurprisedB．theywereextremelyworriedC.theywerepreparingfOrtheworstD．theyfacedthestormbravely57．“Therewasverylittlewecoulddoaboutthecrops"indicatesthat．A．littledamagewouldbedonetothecropsB．theyhadeverythingreadyforthecropsC．theyfeltunablettoprotectthecropsD．thecropsshouldbesafeenoughthere58．Theunderlinedword"stock"inthethirdparagraphrefersto．A.moneyownedbythefamilyB．goodsforsaleC．supppliesforfamilyuseD．farmanimals．59．Itcanbeinferredfromwhatthemothersaidthat——·A．theyhadnodamageatallB．everythingwentbeyondtheirexpectationC.everythingwasundercontrolD．thefamilycouldhavesufferedagreaterloss\nBusterBrownwawathief-andagoodone，too，hethought．He’dneverbeencaughtbythepolicebecausehenevertookchances．HewasalwaysPreparedforanyunforeseeneventoremergency.Confidently，hestoodoutsidethehouseOfhisintendedvictim(受害者)andreadthesignOnthefrontgateofthehouse．“Don'tworryaboutthedog—beawareoftheowner!”itsaid．Bustersmiledandfoundhiswayin．Thehouselookedquitenormaloutside，butinsideitwasveryexoticwithfascinatigobjectsondisplay．Ashebeganputtingthemintohisbag，adogcameintotheroom．ItstoppedwhenitsawBuster，thenwaggeditstailmadlyadnwentoverto．him，lickinghisoutstretchedhand．"Goodboy，”Buaterwhispered．“Whatagreatguarddogyouare—tryingtolickmetodeath.”Satisifedhe'dmadefriendswiththedog，BlusterbggantOwanderroundthehouse，choosingitemstoputinhisbag．Hisskilledeyepickedoutonlythebestantiques(古董)：apairofsilvercandleholders，asilvertea-and-coffeeservice，etc．．Hisnewfriend，thedog，satandwatched，asifwonderingwhatwashappening．“Well，boy，”Busterwhispered，finally．“Thatmightdo．AnymoreandIwon'tbeabletocarryit!”Heswungtheheavybagontohisshoulders,justasthelightscameon,nearlyblindinghim.Heshieldedhiseyeswithhishand."You'reaverysillyperson,"thefigureinthedoorwaysaid,hisvoicedryemdust.Asthemancamecloser,Bustercouldseehewaswelldressed.Hisfaceseemedfamiliar,butBustercouldn'tquiteplacewherehehadseenhimhafore."Youshouldhavetakenmorenoticeofthesignoutside,"themanrasped."IknewaboutthisattemptedrobberylastweekandIalsoknowyouwillendupbehindbarsfor20years.Fancytryingtorobthehouseoftheworld'sgreatestfortune-teller!"\n60.WhywasBustersoconfident?A.Hewasnotafraidofdogs.B.Heknewtheownerofthehouselivedalone]C.Hehadneverbeencaughtbythepolice.D.Thehousehadnosecurityalarm.61.Whichofthedefinitionsisclosestinme&tingtotheword"exotic"inthethirdparagraph?A.Messyanduntidy.B.Richandexpensive.C.Comfortableandcalming.D.Foreignandunusual.62.HowdidBusterdecidewhichobjectstfftake7A.Hetookthosethatwereeasytocarryinhisbag.B.Hetookonlythebestantiques.C.Hetookthosethatheknewhecouldselleasily.D.Helookedforsilverobjects.63.WhatpunishmentwaitsforBusterBrown?A.Aprisonsentencewithhardlabour.B.Alongprisonsentence.C.Aheavyfine.D.Communityservicefor20years.,CEarlypeoplehadverylittleeffectontheenvironment.Theylivedineavesinverysmall'elan'groups.Theycollectedorkilledonlyenoughforthedan'ssurvival.Earlyclanswerenomadic,whichmeansthattheydidnotstayinoneplace.Instead,theymovedaround,followingthea.-gimalethatweretheirmainfoodsourceandseekingareaswhereseasonalplantsgrewwild.Movingaroundseasonallyhelpedtoprotecttheenvironment.Thelandhadtimetorecoverandanimalshadtimetobreed(繁殖)beforetheclanreturnedforthenextseason.Astimewentby,thesesmallfamilyclansjoinedwithotherstoformlargergroupsforprotection.Joiningwithotherclansgavethemmorehuntersandmorewomentohelpcutupthemeatandshareitbetweenfamilies.Eventually,peopletamed(驯养)wildanimalssuchasdogsandhorses.Peoplesettledaroundriversandfertileplainstoshareresponsibilitiesandduties.Then,peoplebegantoplantcropsinsteadofmovingtoareaswheretheplantsgrew.Thisdevelopmentchangedtheenvironment.Traditionalformsofworkalsochanged.Somepeoplewerehatteratperformingaparticulartaskthanotherclanmembers,sotheybegantospecializeinthingstheyweregoodatdoing.Thisalsomeantthattheybegantoexchangetheirgoodsforthingsthatothersproduced.\nPeoplebegantocommunicatewithdistanttribes.Landwasclearedforroads.Foreignplantsandanimalsweretransportedtoplaceswheretheyhadnotexistedbefore.Specializationalsogavepeoplemorefreetime.Soart,danceandmusicbecameimportantwaysofexpressingfeelingsandthoughts.Thiswashowmanygreatcivilizationsstarted.Comparedtothepast,moderncivilizationhasexperiencedmanychangestobecomethehighlydevelopedsocietythatexiststoday.Populationshaveincreasedrapidly.Forestshavebeenclearedforfarms.Inventionsandtechnologyhavemadeworkeasier.However,pollutionandotherseriousproblemshavealsoresultedfromhumanprogress.Asconcernedcitizerns,itisuptoustolearnfrompastmistakesandtohelpmaintainandimproveourenvironment.64.Earlytribesdidn'thavemucheffectonanimalpopulationbecause__A.theykeptanimalsforthemselvesB.theyateonlyvegetablesC.theykilledonlyenoughforfoodD.theylovedanimals65.Themainpurposeforsmallclanstojointogetherwas--A.tohuntanimalsB.toseeksafetyC.tosharecavesD.toprotectenvironment66.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothispassage?A.Earlypeoplemovedtonewplaceslookingfornewsourcesoffood.B.Modemcivilizationbeganwhenpeoplestartedtolivetogetherinbiggroups.C.Modemadvancementsarealwaysgoodfortheenvironment.D.Peoplebegantoexchangegoodsbecausetheydidn'thaveenoughmoney.67.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat--A.humanprogresshasbroughtcivilizationtothesocietyB.civilizationhasimprovedtraditionalformsofworkC.ourenvironmenthasbeenaffectedbyhumanprogressD.earlypeopleunderstoodenvironmentalprotectionDAnichthyologistisascientistwhostudiesfish.Mostpeoplewhodothisjobsaytheylovetheirworkbecauseitisveryrewardingandvaried.Theyworknotonlyinsidealaboratory,butalsooutinthefield.Fieldworkincludestravelingtoriver?,oceansandlakesinordertocollectinformationandspecimens(~2~),Reading,writingandspeakingmealsoveryimportanttothejob,Fishscientistsneedtoreadtheresearchofotherscientists.Theymustheabletowriteuptheirownresearchclearlysothatotherscanfollowit.Theyalsoneedtobeabletogivelecturesabouttheirfindings,sothattheycanspreadknowledge.Ichthyologistswhowishtospecializecanchooseanyoneofthreeareasofstudy.Thefirstareaisaqnaeuhure(水产养殖).Thisinvolvesthestudyandpracticeoffishfarmingandmanagement.Becauseitisarathernewstudy,thereareveryfew\njobopportunitiesavailable.However,asthereissomuchtodiscover,manyseeitasanexcitingareaforanewichthyologisttoenter.Thesecondareaisfisheriesscience,whichmeansworkingwithateamofscientiststofindoutmoreaboutdifferentfishspecies.Thethirdareaisabouttheprotectionofnaturalfishpopulations.Thisisveryimportanttoday,giventhatmanyfishspeciesareindangerofdyingoutbecauseoftheactionsofhumans.Tobecomeasuccessfulfishscientist,youneedtohaveacuriousmindandbeabletoworkonyourown.Youalsoneedtobeabletohandleequipmentandperformexperiments;butmostimportantly,youmustlovefish.Tobecomeanichthyologist,youwillneedtotrainatauniversitytopassaBachelorofSciencedegree.Forthis,youwillneedtobegoodatmathematics,physicalscienceandbiology.Then,youwillneedtostudyforanotheryeartocompleteanhenoursdegreeinichthyology.Thishonoursdegreecontainseourseworkaboutallaspectsoffish.Youalsoneedtocompletearesearchpaper.68.Whatmakesthejobsofichthyologistssovaried?A.Theystudyfishhabitsandcollectinformation.B.Theyhavetostudyscienceandmathematics.C.Theyworkinfieldsaswellasinlaboratories.D.Theyreadresearchpaperswrittenbyothers.69.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Anichthyologisthasaninterestingandvariedprofession.B.Aquacultureisthestudyoffishprotection.C.Thelifeofanichthyologistcaninvolvelotsoftravel.D.Afishscientistneedstobeindependentandcuriousaboutthings.70.Whoismostlikelytobecomeanichthyologist?A.Tom,becausehelikesfishingandoutdoorsports.B.Jack,becausehelikestotravelandreadadventurebooks.C.Jenny,becauseshelikesscience,mathematicsandreadingaboutdinosaurs.D.Jane,becauseshelikesmathematics,science,biologyandsearchingrock-pools.7l.Thepassageisprobablywrittenfor--A.universitystudentsB.scienceresearchersC.fisheriesexpertsD,fishfarmers55.C56.A57.C58.D59.D60.C61.D62.B63.B64.C65.B66.A67.C68.C69.B70.D71.A72.B73.C74.D75.DAShortandshy,BenSaunderswasthelastkidinhisclasspickedforanysportsteam.“Football,tennisCricket—anythingwitharoundball,Iwasuseless,“hesaysnowwithalaugh.ButbackthenhewastheobjectofjokesinschoolgymclassesinEngland’sruralDevonshire.\nItwasamountainbikehereceivedforhis15thbirthdaythatchangedhim.Atfirsttheteenwentbikingaloneinanearbyforest.Thenhebegantocyclealongwitharunnerfriend.Gradually,Saunderssethismindbuildinguphisbody,increasinghisspeed,strengthandendurance.Atage18,heranhisfirstmarathon.Thefollowingyear,hemetJohnRidgway,whobecamefamousinthe1960sforrowinganopenboatacrosstheAtlanticOcean.SaunderswashiredasaninstructoratRidgway’sschoolofAdventureinScotland,wherehelearnedabouttheolderman’scold-waterexploits(成就).Intrigued,SaundersreadallhecouldaboutArcticexplorersandNorthPoleexpeditions,thendecidedthatthiswouldbehisfuture.JourneystothePolearen’ttheusualholidaysforBritishcountryboys,andmanypeioledismissedhisdreamasfantasy.“JohnRidgwaywasoneofthefewwhodidn’tsay,‘Youarecompletelycrazy,’”Saunderssays.In2001,afterbecomingaskilledskier,Saundersstartedhisfirstlong-distanceexpeditiontowardtheNorthPole.Hesufferedfrostbite,hadacloserencounter(遭遇)withapolarbearandpushedhisbodytothelimit.SaundershassincebecometheyoungestpersontoskialonetotheNorthPole,andhe’sskiedmoreoftheArcticbyhimselfthananyotherBriton.Hisoldplaymateswouldnotbelievethetransformation.ThisOctober,Saunders,27,headssouthtoexplorefromthecoastofAntarcticatotheSouthPoleandback,an1800-milejourneythathasneverbeencompletedonskis.56.TheturningpointinSaunders’lifecamewhen_____A.hestartedtoplayballgamesB.hegotamountainbikeatage15C.heranhisfirstmarathonatage18D.hestartedtoreceiveRidgway’straining57.WecanlearnfromthetextthatRidgway_______.A.dismissedSaunders’dreamasfantasyB.builtuphisbodytogetherwithSaundersC.hiredSaundersforhiscold-waterexperienceD.wonhisfameforhisvoyageacrosstheAtlantic58.WhatdoweknowaboutSaunders?A.HeonceworkedataschoolinScotland.B.HefollowedRidgwaytoexploretheNorthPole.C.Hewaschosenfortheschoolsportsteamasakid.D.HewasthefirstBritontoskialonetotheNorthPole.59.Theunderlinedword“Intrigued”inthethirdparagraphprobablymeans_____.A.ExcitedB.ConvincedC.DelightedD.Fascinated60.ItcanbeinferredtatSaunders’journeytotheNorthPole______.A.wasaccompaniedbyhisoldplaymatesB.setarecordintheNorthPoleexpeditionC.wassupportedbyotherArcticexplorersD.madehimwell-knowninthe1960s\nBNovembernotonlymarksthepublicationofToniMorrison’seagerlyanticipated(期待)eighthnovel,Love,butitisalsothetenthanniversaryofherNobelPrizeforLiterature.MorrisonisthefirstblackwomantoreceiveaNobel,andsohonoredbeforeherinliteratureareonlytwoblackmen:WoleSoyinka,theNigerianplaywright,poetandnovelist,in1986;andDerekWalcott,theCaribbean-bornpoet,in1992.ButMorrisonisalsothefirstandonlyAmerican-bornNobelprizewinnerforliteraturesince1962,theyearnovelistJohnsteinbeckreceivedtheaward.LikeSongofSolomon,Loveisamultigenerationalstory,revealingthepersonalandcommunallegacy()ofanoutstandingblackfamily.AsMorrisonscholarswilltellyou,Loveisthethirdvolumeofaliterarymaster’strilogy(三部曲)investigatingthemanycomplexitiesoflove.ThistrilogybeganwithBeloved(1988),whichdealswithablackmother’sloveunderslaveryandinfreedom.Jazzy(1993),thesecondvolume,tellsastoryofromanticlovein1920sHarlem.Thislatestnovellooksbackfromthe1970stothe1940sand50s.TheemotionalcenterofLoveisBillCosey,theformerownerandhostoftheshabbyCosey’sHotelandResortinSilk,NorthCarolina,describedinthenovelas“thebestandbest-knownvacationsportforcoloredfolkontheEastCoast.”WegettoknowCoseythroughthememoriesoffivewomenwhosurviveandlovehim:hisgranddaughter,hiswidow,twoformeremployees,andahomelessyounggirl.Thelatestnovel,Love,hadbeendescribedinthepromotionalmaterialfromherpublisheras“Morrison’smostaccessibleworksinceSongofSolomon.”Thiscomparisontoherthirdnovel,publishedin1977,wasaneffectivesellingpoint.61.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ToniMorrison’slatestnovelsB.ToniMorrisonandhertrilogyC.ToniMorrisonandhernovelLoveD.ToniMorrison,theNobelprizewinner62.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnSteinbeck?A.Hewasablackwriter.B.HewasborninAmerica.C.HereceivedtheNobelPrizeafterMorrisonD.HewasthefirstAmericannovelisttowinaNobel63.ThesimilaritybetweenLoveandSongofSolomonisthattheyboth_____.A.belongtothesametrilogytogetherwithBelovedB.concernfamiliesofmorethanonegenerationC.dealwithlifeofblacksunderslaveryD.investigatelifein1920sHarlem64.ThenovelLovemainlydescribes______.A.thebest-knownvacationspotforblacksB.thelifeofanoutstandingblackfamilyunderslaveryC.themiserableexperienceofthefivewomeninHarlemD.thememoriesoffivewomenaboutBillCosey\nCFILMDESCRIPTIONSBacktotheFutureWiththehelpofalocalinventor’stimemachine,Martytravelsbacktothe1950s.Therehis80shipnessstandsout,andheinadvertentlyinterfereswiththefledglingromanceofhisparents-to-be.CanMartykeepthemtogether?He’dbetter,orhisownfuturewillfadeaway.Featuring:ChristopherLloyd,MichaelJ.Fox.AuniversalPicturesrelease,1hr.55min.Beethoven’s2ndInthissequeltothepopularBeethoven,ourcanineherofallsforMissy,whosoonhaspuppies.Missy’sgreedyowner,Regina,whoseesonlymoneyinthelittlepurebreds,separatesmomandpupsfromBeethoven.Hisownersrescuethepuppies,butReginastillhasMissy.Featuring:CharlesGrodin,BonnieHunt.AUniversalPicturesrelease,1hr.26min.CharlieandtheChocolateFactoryDespitethepopularityofhistreats,candymakerWillyWonkashutshimselfinsidehisfactory.ButthenWillyholdsacontest,offeringfiveluckychildrenthechancetoseehiscompany.PoorbutpleasantCharlieBucketfindsaticket,asdofourless-deservingchildren.Featuring:JohnnyDepp,FreddieHighmore.AWarnerBros.Release,1hr.56min.CinderellaManBasedonactualevents,thisfilmfollowsthelifeofJimBraddock,aboxerinNewYorkCityduringtheGreatDepression.Afteraseriesoflosses,Braddockisforcedintoretirement.Buthenevergivesuphisboxingdream,andneitherdoeshismanager.Featuring:RussellCrowe,ReneeZellweger.AUniversalPicturesrelease,2hr.14min.LiarLiarLawyerFletcherReedehasnevertoldthetruthinhislife.Thenhissonmakesabirthdaywishthathisdadwouldstoplyingfor24hours.Suddenly,Fletcher’smouthspoutseverythinghethinks.Hiscompulsionbringsdisastertocourtroom,wherehemustdefendaclientwhosecasewasbuiltonlies.Featuring:JimCarrey,JustinCooper.AUniversalPicturesrelease,1hr.25min.65.Whichofthefollowingisprobablythenameofadog?A.Marty.B.Missy.C.Fletcher.D.Charlie66.WillyWonkais_______.A.aboxerwhosuffersaseriesoflossesB.alawyerwhohasnevertoldthetruthC.amanwhorunsachocolatefactoryD.amanwhoinventsatimemachine67.Whichfilmisaboutthelifeofarealperson?\nA.Beethoven’s2ndB.CharlieandtheChocolateFactoryC.CinderellaManD.LiarLiarDIncreasingly,Americansarebecomingtheirowndoctors,bygoingonlinetodiagnosetheirsymptoms,orderhomehealthtestsormedicaldevices,orevenself-treattheirillnesseswithdrugsfromInternetpharmacies(药店).Someavoiddoctorsbecauseofthehighcostofmedicalcare,especiallyiftheylackhealthinsurance.Ortheymaystaybecausetheyfinditembarrassingtodiscusstheirweight,alcoholconsumptionorcouchpotatohabits.Patientsmayalsofearwhattheymightlearnabouttheirhealth,ortheydistrustphysiciansbecauseofnegativeexperiencesinthepast.Butplayingdoctorcanalsobeadeadlygame.Everyday,morethansixmillionAmericansturntotheInternetformedicalanswers–mostofthemaren’tnearlyskepticalenoughofwhattheyfind.A2002surveybythePewInternet&AmericanLifeProjectfoundthat72percentofthosesurveyedbelieveallormostofwhattheyreadonhealthwebsites.Theyshouldn’t.Lookup“headache”,andthechancesoffindingreliableandcompleteinformation,freefromamotivationforcommercialgain,areonlyoneinten,reportsanApril2005BrownMedicalSchoolstudy.Ofthe169websitestheresearchersrated,only16scoredas“highquality”.Recentstudiesfoundfaultyfactsaboutallsortsofotherdisorders,causingoneresearchteamtowarnthatalargeamountofincomplete,inaccurateandevendangerousinformationexistsontheInternet.Theproblemismostpeopledon’tknowthesafewaytosurftheWeb.“TheyuseasearchenginelikeGoogle,get18trillionchoicesandstartclicking.Butthat’srisky,becausealmostanybodycanputupasitethatlooksauthoritative(权威的),soit’dhardtoknowifwhatyou’rereadingisreasonableornot,”saysDr.SarahBassfromtheNationalCancerInstitute.68.Accordingtothetext,anincreasingnumberofAmerican_____.A.aresufferingfrommentaldisordersB.turntoInternetpharmaciesforhelpC.liketoplaydeadlygameswithdoctorsD.areskepticalaboutsurfingmedicalwebsites69.SomeAmericansstayawayfromdoctorsbecausethey_____.A.findmedicaldeviceseasytooperateB.prefertobediagnosedonlinebydoctorsC.areafraidtofacethetruthoftheirhealthD.areafraidtomisusetheirhealthinsurance70.AccordingtothestudyofBrownMedicalSchool,______.A.morethan6millionAmericansdistrustdoctorsB.only1/10ofmedicalwebsitesaimtomakeaprofitC.about1/10ofthewebsitessurveyedareofhighqualityD.72%ofhealthwebsitesofferincompleteandfaultyfacts71.Whichofthefollowingistheauthor’smainargument?A.It’scheaptoself-treatyourownillness.\nA.It’sembarrassingtodiscussyourbadhabits.B.It’sreasonabletoputupamedicalwebsite.C.It’sdangeroustobeyourowndoctor.EPITTSBURGH–Formostpeople,snakesseemunpleasantoreventhreatening.ButHowieChosetseesintheirdelicatemovementsawaytosavelives.The37-year-oldCarnegieMellonUniversityprofessorhasspentyearsdevelopingsnake-likerobotshehopeswilleventuallyslidethroughfallenbuildingsinsearchofvictimstrappedafternaturaldisastersorotheremergencies.DanKaraispresidentofRoboticsTrends,aNorthboro,Mass.-basedcompanythatpublishesanonlineindustrymagazineandrunsroboticstradeshows.Hesaidthereareothersnake-likerobotsbeingdeveloped,mainlyatuniversities,butdidn’tknowofonethatcouldclimbpipes.TheCarnegieMellonmachinesaredesignedtocarrycamerasandelectronicsensorsandcanbecontrolledwithajoystick(操纵杆).Theymovesmoothlywiththehelpofsmallelectricmotors,orservos,commonlyusedbyhobbyistsinmodelairplanes.Builtfromlightweightmaterials,therobotsareaboutthesizeofahumanarmorsmaller.Theycansensewhichwayisup,butareonlyasgoodastheirhumanoperators,Chosetadded.SamStover,asearchtermmanagerwiththeFederalEmergencyManagementAgencybasedinIndiana,saidsnake-typerobotswouldoffergreatermobilitythanequipmentcurrentlyavailable,suchascamerasattachedtoextendableroles.“Itjustallowsustodosomethingwe’veotbeenabletodobefore,”Stoversaid,“Weneededthemyesterday.”Hesaidsnifferdogsarestillthebestsearchtoolforrescueworkers,butthattheycanonlybeusedeffectivelywhenworkershaveaccesstodamagedbuilding.Stover,amongtherescueworkerswhohandledtheaftermath(后果)ofHurricaneKatrina,saidsnakerobotswouldhavehelpedrescuerssearchfloodedhousesinthatdisaster.Chosetsaidtherobotsmaynotbereadyforuseforanotherfivetotenyears,dependingonfunding.72.WhichinstitutionisresponsibleforthedevelopmentofChoset’srobots?A.RoboticsTrends.B.PittsburghCityCouncil.C.CarnegieMellonUniversity.D.FederalEmergencyManagementAgency.73.Chosetbelievesthathisinvention______.A.canbeattachedtoanelectronicarmB.canbeusedbyhobbyistsinmodelairplanesC.canfindvictimsmorequicklythanasnifferdogD.cansenseitswaynobetterthanitsoperators74.Bysaying“Weneededthemyesterday”(paragraph7),Stovermeansthatsnake-likerobots_____.A.couldhelphandletheaftermathofHurricaneKatrinaB.wouldhavebeenputtouseinpastrescuework\nA.helpedrescuerssearchfloodedhousesyesterdayB.wereingreaterneedyesterdaythantoday75.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Snake-likerobotsusedinindustries.B.Snake-likerobotsmadetoaidinrescues.C.Thedevelopmentofsnake-likerobots.D，Theworkingprinciplesofsnake-likerobots.56-75BDADBCBBDBCCBCCDCDBBAFatandshy,BenSaunderswasthelastkidinhisclasspickedforanysportsteam.“Football,tennis,cricket---anythingwitharoundball,Iwasuseless,”hesaysnowwithalaugh.ButbackthenhewastheonealwaysmadefunofinschoolgymclassesinDevonshire,England.Itwasamountainbikehereceivedforhis15thbirthdaythatchangedhim.Atfirsthewentbikingaloneinanearbyforest.Thenhebegantoridethebikealongwitharunnerfriend.Gradually,Saunderssetuphismindonbuildinguphisbody,increasinghisspeedandstrength.Attheageof18,heranhisfirstmarathon.ThefollowingyearhemetJohnRidgwayandwashiredasaninstructoratRidgway’sschoolofadventureinScotland,wherehelearntaboutRidgway’scold-waterexploits.Greatlyinterested,SaundersreadallhecouldaboutNorthPoleexplorersandadventures,thedecidedthatthiswouldbehisfuture.In2001,afterbecomingaskillfulskier,Saundersstartedhisfirstlong-distanceexpeditiontowardstheNorthPole.Ittookunbelievableenergy.Hesufferedfrostbite,ranintoapolarbearandpushedhisbodytothelimit,pullinghissupply-loadedsledupandoverrockyrice.SaundershassincebecometheyoungestpersontoskialonetotheNorthPole,andhe’sskiedmoreoftheNorthPolebyhimselfthananyotherBritishman.Hisoldplaymateswouldnotbelievethechange.NextOctober,Saunders,27,headssouthfromthecoastofAntarcticatotheSouthPoleandback,a2900-kilometerjourneythathasneverbeencompletedonskis.41.WhatchangehappenedtoSaundersafterhewas15yearsold?A.Hebecamegoodatmostsports.B.Hebegantobuilduphisbody.C.Hejoinedasportsteam.D.Hemadefriendswitharunner.42.Theunderlinedword“exploits”(paragraph3)isclosestinmeaningto______.A.journeysB.researchesC.adventuresD.operations.W43.WhichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderoftheeventsthathappenedtoSaunders?a.Heranhisfirstmarathon.b.HeskiedaloneintheNorthPole.c.Herodehisbikeinaforest.d.HeplannedanadventuretotheSouthPole.A.acdbB.cdabCacbdDcabd44.WhatdoesthestorymainlytellusabutSaunders?\nA.Heisasuccessinsports.B.HeisthebestBritishskier.C.HeisRidgway’sbeststudent.`D.Heisagoodinstructoratschool.BIt’s2035.Youhaveajob,afamilyandyou’reabout40yearsold.Welcometoyourfuturelife.Gettingreadyforwork,youpauseinfrontofthemirror,“Turnred,”yousay.Yourshirtchangesfromskybluetodeepred.Tinypreprogrammedelectronicarerearrangedinyourshirttochangeitscolor.Lookingintothemirror,youfindithardtobelievethatyouare40.Youlookmuchyounger.Withamazingadvancesinmedicine,peopleinyourgenerationmaylivetobe150yearsold.You’renotevenmiddle-aged.Asyougointothekitchenandpreparetopouryourbreakfastcerealintoabowl,youhear:“Toloseweight,youshouldn’teatthat,”fromyourshoes.Theyreadthetinyelectroniccodeonthecerealboxtofindoutthenutritiondetails.Youdecidetolistentoyourshoes.“Kitchen,whatcanIhaveforbreakfast?”Alistofpossiblefoodsappearonthecounteraskitchenchecksitsfoodsupplies.“Readyforyourtriptospace.Youaskyoursonanddaughter.”In2005onlyspeciallytrainedastronautswentintospace.—andveryfewofthem.Todayanyonecangotospacefordaytripsorlongervacation.Yourbestfriendevenworksinspace.Handingyourchildrenthreestrawberrieseach,youadd,“Thedoctorsaidyouneedtheseforspacetravel.”Thankstomedicaladvices,vaccinationshotsareathingofthepast.Ordinaryfoodscontainspecificvaccines.Withtheberriesintheirmouths,thekidsheadforthefrontdoor.It’stimeforyoutogotowork.Yourcarchecksyourfingerprintsandunlocksthedoors.“Myoffice.Autopilot,”youcommand.Yourcardrivesitselfdowntheroadandmovessmoothlyintotrafficonthehighway.Yousitbackandunrollyoure-newspaper.Thelatestnewsdownloadsandfillstheviewer.Lookingthroughthepages,youwatchthenewsasvideofilmsratherthanreadit.45.Whatchangesthecolorofyourshirt?A.Themirror.B.Theshirtitself.C.Thecounter.D.Themedicine.46.Howdotheshoesknowthatyoushouldn’teatthebreakfastcereal?A.Bypouringthebreakfastintoabowl.B.Bylisteningtothedoctor’sadvice.C.Bytestingthefoodsuppliesinthekitchen.D.Bycheckingthenutritiondetailsofthefood.47.Thestrawberriesthechildreneatserveas______.A.breakfastB.lunchC.vaccinesD.nutrition48.Howisthetextorganized?A.InorderoftimeB.Inorderoffrequency.C.Inorderofpreference.D.Inorderofimportance.CTakeActionforaBetterWorld:VolunteersNeededSixmonths’preparationinDenmark:Africastudies,teamworkcombined\nwithsocialworkwithriskgroupteenagers.Sixmonths’communityworkinMalawiinPeopletoPeopleProjects:ChildAid,HIV/AIDS.FightsandTeacherTraining.Qualifications:18years,hardworkingandsocialengagement.Pleasecontactusbye-mail:takeaction@betterworld.com.Part-timeworkwithExchangeStudentsYOUTHInternationalisanon-profithighschoolforeignexchangestudentsorganization.Wewelcometeenagersfromover80countriesworldwideandprovidehostfamilies.ThecommunityRepresentativeisapart-timepositiondesignedforpeoplewithastrongdesiretodosomethingrewardinginthecommunityandearnsomeextramoney.Applicantsbestsuitedforthisworkshouldenjoyteenagers,haveastronginterestincross-culturalcommunicationandfeelcomfortablenetworking.FulltrainingandsupportwillbeprovidedthroughbranchofficesthroughouttheUS.Positionsavailableinmoststates.Ifinterested,pleaseemailstaff@youth.orgorcall888—123—9872.InternationalSummerJobHi,I’manESLstudentinChina.I’m20,quietandpolite,andIspeakreasonableEnglish.I’mlookingforasummerjobinanEnglish-speakingcountry.IcanteachChineseordohouseandgardenworkandcookChinesedished.Cananybodyoffermeajob?Idon’tneedtoearnmuch,justenoughintwomonths(July---August)topayformyreturntickettoChina.MygoalistoimprovemyEnglishandseeabitmoreoftheworld.Myemailis:ram3462@hotmail.com.CallforNativeSpeakerofEnglishIamlookingfornativespeakersofEnglishtojoininanexperiment.ThisexperimentiscarriedoutovertheInternet.Youdon’tneednayspecificknowledgeotherthanunderstandingandspeakingEnglishatanativelevel.Thefirsttaskwilltakeyouaround15minutes.Afterthistask,youcandecidewhetheryouwanttocontinuetheexperiment.Thetasksinvolvereadingtextsanddesigningquestionsandanswers.Ifyouarewillingtohelpme,thenpleaseemailus:club3864@hotmail.com49.WhoissuitabletoworkasaCommunityRepresentativeinYOUTHInternational?A.Onewhoenjoysworkingwithteenagersfromdifferentcountries.B.Onewhohopestotakeactioninfightingagainstdiseases.C.OnewhohasastrongdesiretoimprovehisorherEnglish.D.Onewhowantstoearnsomepocketmoneyintheprogram.50.Wherewilljack,avolunteer,receivethetrainingbeforeheissenttoworkinMalawi?\nA.InsomelocalofficesintheUS.B.InanESLorganizationinChina.C.InapreparationprograminDemark.D.InanexchangestudentcenterinAfrica.51.IfMrs.BlackintheUShopestolearnsomeChineseathome,shemaycontact_______.A.takeaction@betterworld.comB.ram3462@hotmail.comC.club3864@hotmail.comD.staff@youth.org52.WhatarevolunteersforanexperimentovertheInternetsupposedtodo?A.Tointerviewpeopleonline.B.Todosomehousework.C.ToofferadviceonChildAidD.Toprovidelanguageexercises.DOldComputersMakeforUnhappyWorkers---SurveyLONDON(Reuters)-----Dealingwiththedissatisfactionofagingandunreliableofficecomputersleadstoworkers’unhappinessandmoresickleave,asurveyshowedonWednesday.Asurveycarriedoutbycaro4free.netofover2,700EuropeanofficeworkersfromtheUK,FranceandGermanyfoundthatworkplacedissatisfactionincreasedgreatlywiththeageofthecomputerequipment.“WedoknowthatjobsatisfactionisfallinginBritainandmostadvancednations,”saidStephenWhite,aresearcherfromtheWorkFoundation.“Theactualreasonsforthisarethesubjectofveryheateddiscussion.It’scertainlyoneinterestingtheorythattechnologymaybethecauseofthisinsomeway,”Whiteadded.AquarteroftheseusingoutdatedcomputersinBritainsaidtheywere“quite”or“verydissatisfied“withtheireverydayjobcomparedtothepercentofthosewhohadenjoyedanadvantagefromup-to-datetechnology.Thesurveyalsosaidthatamongworkersdealingwithoutdatedequipment,therewasa35percentgreaterprobabilitytheywouldtakesixormoredaysofsickleaveperyearcomparedwiththeaverageworker.InFrance,wheremoreworkersuseoldcomputers,theprobabilityjumpedto55percent.Resultsalsoshowedthatwomeninthethreecountriesweremorelikelytobeusingoutdatedequipment.IntheUK,wheremoreworkershaveup-to-datecomputersthanintheothercountriessurveyed,thenumberofwomenusingoldequipmentdoubledthanofmen.Whitepointedoutthatthereweretowsidestothisproblem,sayingthatcontinuouslyhavingtodealwithnewtechnologyandequipmentcanalsobeasourceofworry.“Oldandfaultyequipmentisamajorcauseofofficedissatisfaction.Thereisnoquestionaboutit;butyoualsohavetosaythatthefrequentchangeofequipmentisalso,orcouldbe,amaincauseofdissatisfaction.”53.Theunderlinedword“this”(paragraph3)refersto______.A.workplacedissatisfactionB.computeruseinmostjobsC.theagingoffofficecomputersD.thesurveybycare4@free.net54.HowmanyofficeworkersuseoldcomputersinBritainexpressedtheirdissatisfaction?A.16%B.25%C.35%D.55%\n55.AccordingtoWhite,whywerethewomensurveyedmorelikelytouseoldcomputers?A.Mostofficeworkersuseoldcomputers.B.Theydosomeoftheirworkwithcomputers.C.Dealingwithnewequipmentcancauseanxiety.D.Theyareeasiertobsatisfiedwithnewtechnology.56.Whatisthesubjectofthenewsstory?A.PoorworkingconditionsinofficesB.ResearchworkoftheWorkFoundationC.Influenceoftechnologyintheworkplace.D.Differentattitudestooldcomputers.EYouarefromamiddleclassfamily,andliveinanormalsizehomewithoutanyshowypossessions,butyouaresurroundedbysurprisingconsumption.Thiscontrastisbeginningtobotheryour6-year-oldson.Youareworriedthathewillwanttoliveastheydo,andwonderifyoushouldmove.Sometimesbigpocketmoney,joyfulbirthdayparties,specialplayroomsandsuper-bighousestellyouthatyourneighborsprobablyhavemoremoneythanyoudo,andthatthey’renotascarefulasyouarewithmoney,butyoumayfindthattheycookanddiginthegardenwiththeirchildrenjustasoftenasyoudo,talkwiththemasfreelyandreadtothemeverynight.Oryoumayfindthatsomeoftheseparentsstayinonwingoftheirbighousewhilechildrenplaybyhimself,wayoffinawingofhisown.Inthatunfortunatecase,heisbasicallygrowingupalonewithoutbeinglookedafterproperly,butthiscanhappentoachildwholivesinanormal-sizehouse,too,ifhehasaTV.Acomputerandafewvideogamesinhisroom.Eventhemostcaringparentdoesn’twalkinandoutofittoseewhatshowherchildiswatching,whatInternetsitehehasfoundandifhe’splayingthatvideogame.Toomuchuncontrolledscreenthenmayleadtoacertainlossofinnocence(天真),andifitdoesn’t,youmightdecidetomove.Don’tjudgeyourneighbortooharshly(严厉地),though.Theresomethingsthatarerightwithalmostanyneighborandsomethingsthatarewrongwiththebestofthem.---likethosesuper-bighouses.Thewealthoftheirowners----andthewaytheythrowmoneyaround----maymakeyoursonfeelsorryforhimself,unlessyouhelphimunderstandthatyouandhisdadsavesomeofthemoney,givesometopeoplewhodon’thaveenoughandusetheresttopayforwhateverthefamilyneeds.Childrenwant-----shouldbeprovidedwith----explanationswhentheirparentsdon’tgivethemwhattheywant.57.Whatistheproblemwiththeworriedparentinthetext?A.Herhouseisn’tasbigasherrichneighbor’s.B.Hersonisleftalonewithoutanyoneincharge.C.Shecan’tprovidehersonwithaspecialplayroom.D.Sheworriesabouttheeffectofherneighboronherson.58.Inparagraphs2and3,theauthorseemstoagreethatparentsshould_______.\nA.spendmoretimewiththeirchildren.B.givetheirchildrenmorefreedom.C.workhardtolivearicherlife.D.setanexamplefortheirchildrentofollow59.Bysaying“throwmoneyround”(paragraph5)theauthormeansthatrichpeople_____.A.spendmoneycarelesslyB.savemoneyfortheirchildrenC.helpthepoorpeoplewillinglyD.leavemoneyallaroundthehouse60.Whatisthemainideatheauthoraimstoexpressinthetext?A.Childrenareunfortunatetohavepoorparents.B.Childrenshouldenjoytheircomfortablelife.C.Childrenneedproperguidanceformtheirparents.D.Childrenfeelashamedofthemselvesinarichneighborhood.41-65:BCDABDCAACBDABCCDAACCABEFAScientificexperimentscansometimesgowrongandwhentheydotheresultsmayrangefromthedisastroustothetroubling.OnesuchexperimenttookplaceinSouthAmericaaboutfiftyyearsago.Whetheritsfinalconsequenceswillcauseseriousdamageornothingmorethanasmalltroublestillremainstobeseen.Thestorybeganin1956whenanAmericanscientistworkinginBrazildecidedtosolvetheproblemofincreasingtheproductivityofthatcountry'sbees.HeimportedaveryactivetypeofAfricanbeefromTanzaniaandmated(交配)itwiththemoreeasy-goingnativevarietytoproduceanewkindofbees.Thenewbeesworkedharderandproducedtwiceasmuchhoney.ItseemedthatProfessorKerr,forthatwasthescientist'sname,hadatotalsuccessonhishands.Thenthingsbegantogowrong.Forsomereasonasyetunseen,butperhapsasaresultofsomethingintheirenvironment,thenewbeesbegantodevelopextremelyattackingpersonalities.Theybecamebad-temperedandeasytobeangry,attackedthenativebeesanddrovethemfromtheirlivingplaces.Butworsewastofollow.Havingtakenoverthecountryside,thenewbees,withtheirdangerousstings(叮),begantoattackitsneighbours--cats,dogs,horses,chickensandfinallymanhimself.Alongperiodofterrorbeganthathassofarkilledagreatnumberofanimalsandabout150humanbeings.ThiswouldhavebeenbadenoughifthebeeshadstayedinBrazil.Butnowtheyareonthemove,headingnorthwardsincountlessmillionstowardsCentralandNorthAmerica,andmovingatthealarmingspeedof200milesayear.Thecountriesthatlieintheirpatharenaturallyworriedbecauseitlooksasifnothingcanbedonetostopthem.56.TheresultsoftheSouthAmericanexperiment.A.havecausedaserioustroubleB.haveprovedtobewrongC.arenotyetcertainD.arenotimportant\n57.Theexperimentmentionedinthispassagewasdesignedto.A.increasetheamountofhoneyinBrazilB.makeBrazilianbeesmoreeasy-goingC.increasethenumberofbeesinBrazilD.makeAfricanbeeslessactive58.Whichofthefollowingmaybethecauseofthenewbees'attackingpersonalities?A.Theirproductionofhoney.B.Theirhardwork.C.Theirlivingenvironment.D.Theirbadtemper.59.Thelastparagraphimpliesthat.A.thebeeshavebeendriventoCentralandNorthAmericaB.thebeesmaybringabouttroubleinmorecountriesC.thebeesmustbestoppedfrommovingnorthD.thebeesprefertoliveinBrazilBHe'sanoldcobbler(修鞋匠)withashopintheMarais,ahistoricareainParis.WhenItookhimmyshoes,heatfirsttoldme:“Ihaven'ttime.Takethemtotheotherfellowonthemainstreet;he'llfixthemforyourightaway.”ButI'dhadmyeyeonhisshopforalongtime.Justlookingathisbenchloadedwithtoolsandpiecesofleather,Iknewhewasaskilledcraftsman(手艺人).“No,”Ireplied,“theotherfel-lowcan'tdoitwell.”“Theotherfellow”wasoneofthoseshopkeeperswhofixshoesandmakekeys“while-U-wait”--withoutknowingmuchaboutmendingshoesormakingkeys.Theyworkcarelessly,andwhentheyhavefinishedsewingbackasandalstrap(鞋带)youmightaswelljustthrowawaythepair.MymansawIwouldn'tgivein,andhesmiled.Hewipedhishandsonhisblueapron(围裙),lookedatmyshoes,hadmewritemynameononeshoewithapieceofchalkandsaid,“Comebackinaweek.”Iwasabouttoleavewhenhetookapairofsoftleatherbootsoffashelf.“SeewhatIcando?”hesaidwithpride.“OnlythreeofusinPariscandothiskindofwork..”WhenIgotbackoutintothestreet,theworldseemedbrand-newtome.Hewassomething\noutofanancientlegend,thisoldcraftsmanwithhiswayofspeakingfamiliarly,hisverystrange,dustyfelthat,hisfunnyaccentfromwho-knows-whereand,aboveall,hisprideinhiscraft.Thesearetimeswhennothingisimportantbutthebottomline,whenyoucandothingsanyold,wayaslongasit“pays”,when,inshort,peoplelookonworkasapathtoever-increasingconsumption(消费)ratherthanawaytorealizetheirownabilities.Insuchaperioditisararecomforttofindacobblerwhogetshisgreatestsatisfactionfromprideinajobwelldone.60.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttheoldcobbler.'?A.Hewasequippedwiththebestrepairingtools.B.HewastheonlycobblerintheMarais.C.Hewasproudofhisskills.D.HewasanativeParisian.61.Thesentence“Hewassomethingoutofanancientlegend.”(paragraph7)impliesthatA.nowadaysyoucanhardlyfindanyonelikehimB.itwasdifficulttocommunicatewiththismanC.themanwasverystrangeD.themanwastooold62.Accordingtotheauthor,manypeopleworkjustto.A.realizetheirabilitiesB.gainhappinessC.makemoneyD.gainrespect63.Thisstorywantstotellusthat.A.craftsmenmakealotofmoneyB.whateveryoudo,doitwellC.craftsmenneedself-respectD.peoplearebornequalCMembersoftheworkingclasshaveblue-collarjobs.Theyareconstructionworkers,truckdrivers,mechanics,steelworkers,electricians,andthelike.Whatmakesthisclassdifferfromthelowerclassis,first,longerperiodsofemployment--andtherefore,morefixedincomes—and,second,employmentinskilledorsemiskilled(半熟练的)occupations,notunskilledones.AlthoughunemploymenthitsalllevelsoftheAmericaneconomy,includingthoseofskilled\nandsemi-skilledworkers,itismostcommonatthebottomoftheclassstructureandincreasinglylesscommonateachlevelupward.Theyconsiderthemselvestoberespectableandhardworkingandtheylookdownuponmembersofthe"lower"class,whomtheyoftenconsidertobelazy,dis-honest,andtooreadytoexploitpublicassistance.-~Mostpeopleintheworkingclasshaveatleasthighschooleducation.Manyhavesomeexperi-enceofcollege(especiallycommunitycollege),thoughfewarecollegegraduates.Unionizationhashelpedtheworkingclass,butarapidlychangingeconomyandfrequentperiodsofhighunem-ploymentmakeitdifficultformostofitsmemberstobeabletoincreasetheirsavingsgreat-ly.Purchasingahouseforpeopleinthisclassisextremelydifficult,althoughacertainpercentagemayreceivehousesfromtheirparents.(Home-owningriseswithsocialclass.)Agreaternumberofthemembersoftheworkingclasstakerelativelylittlesatisfactionintheirjobs,becausemuchoftheirworkisordinaryandboring.Asaresult,manyseektheirmainsatis-factioninrecreational(娱乐的)activities.Manymembersofthisclasswouldliketoearnenoughmoneytoleavetheirjobsandstarttheirownbusinesses,thoughfewmakeit.Manyplacetheirexpectationsontheirchildren,hopingthattheyatleastwillriseintheladderofsuccess,Ameri-canstyle.64.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttheworkingclass.?A.Theyareoftenemployedasskilledandsemi-skilledworkers.B.Theyareoftenofferedjobswithhighincomes.C.Theyareoftenconsideredlazyanddishonest.D.Theyareoftenexploitedbythepublic.65.Theunderlinedword“hit”(paragraph1)roughlymeans.A.strikewithablowB.havebadeffectsonC.breakup66.Mostpeopleintheworkingclass.A.havedifficultyincreasingtheirsavingsgreatlyB.haveatleastsomeexperienceofcollegeC.receivehousesfromtheirparentsD.buyhousesbythemselves67.Manymembersfromtheworkingclassarenotsatisfiedwiththeirjobs\nbecause.A.theycouldnotriseintheladderofsuccessB.theyarenotinterestedintheirjobsC.theycouldnotearnmuchmoneyD.theyarenottheirownbossesDHowmanypeoplehaveImetwhohavetoldmeaboutthebooktheyhavebeenplanningtowritebuthaveneveryetfoundthetime7Fartoomany.ThisisLife,allright,butwedotreatitlikearehearsal(排演)and,unhappily,wedomisssomanyofitsbestmoments.Wetakejobstostayaliveandprovidehomesforourfamiliesalwaysmakingourselvesbelievethatthisstyleoflifeismerelyatemporarystateofaffairsalongtheroadtowhatwereallywanttodo.Then,at60or65,wearesuddenlypresentedwithaclockandseveralgrandchildrenandwelookbackandrealizethatallthoseyearswaitingforRealLifetocomealongwereinfactreallife.InAmericatheyhaveasayingmuchlaughedatbytheEnglish：“Haveaniceday”theyspeakslowlyandseriouslyintheirshops,hotelsandsandwichbars.Ithinkitisawonderfulphrase,remindingus,ineffect,toenjoythemoment:tovaluethisveryday.Howoftendowesaytoourselves,"I'lltakeuphorse-riding(orgolf,orsailing)assoonasIgetahigherposition,"onlytodononeofthosethingswhenIdogetthehigherposition.WhenIfirstbecameareporterIknewamanwhogaveupaverywellpaidrespectablejobattheDailyTelegraphtogoandeditasmallweeklynewspaper.AtthetimeIwasastonishedbywhatappearedtometobehiscompletelyabnormal(反常的)mentalstate.HowcouldanyoneturnhisbackonFleetStreetincentralLondonforasmalllocalarea？Iwantedtoknow.NowIamalittleolderandpossiblywiser,Iseethesenseinit.InFleetStreetthemanwasundercontinualpressure.HelivedinanunattractiveLondonsuburbandhespentmuchofhislifesittingonSouthernRegiontrains.68.Thefirstparagraphofthepassagetellsusthat.A.wealwaystrytofindsometimetowriteabookB.wealwaysmakeplansbutseldomfulfilthemC.wealwaysenjoymanyoflife'sbestmomentsD.wealwaysdowhatwereallywanttodo69.Theunderlinedphrase"turnhisbackon"(paragraph6)mostprobablymeans.A.leaveforB.returntoC.giveupD.relyon70.Theman(paragraph6)lefthisfirstjobpartlybecausehewas.A.inanabnormalmentalstateB.undertoomuchpressureC.notwellpaidD.notrespected71.Whatisprobablythebesttitleforthepassage?A.ProvideHomesForOurFamilyB.TakeUpHorse-ridingC.ValueThisVeryDayD.StayAlive\nE\n\n72.Whois(are)theeditor(s)ofWilliamFaulkner:Novels1926-1929?A.NoelPolk&JosephBlotner.B.PhillipLopate.C.TonyKushner.D,LeoBersani.73.HowmuchdoyoupayforAmericanMovieCritics?A.US$45.B.US$40.C.US$35.D.US$25.74.Whichbookdoyoubuyifyouwanttoreadtheplay"DeathofaSalesman"?A.ArthurMiller:CollectedPlays1944-1961.B.WilliamFaulkner:Novels1926-1929.C.HenryJames:Novels1901-1902.D.AmericanMovieCritics.75.HenryJames'onlybookwritteninthefirstpersonisA.TheWingsoftheDove.B.TheSacredFount.C.Soldiers'Pay.D.Mosquitoes.56-60cacbc61-65acbab66-70abbcb71-75cababAForcenturies,theonlyformofwrittencorrespondence(通信)wastheletterswere,andare,sentbysomeformofpostalservice,thehistoryofwhichgoesbackalongway.Indeed,theEgyptiansbegansendinglettersfromabout2000BC,asdidtheChineseathousandyearslater.Ofcourse,modernpostalservicesnowaremuchmoredevelopedandfaster.Dependingastheydooncarsandplanesforedelivery.Yettheyarestilltooslowforsomepeopletosendurgentdocumentsandletters.Theinventionofthefaxmachineincreasedthespeedofdeliveringdocumentsevenmore.Whenyousendafaxyouaresendingacopyofapieceofcorrespondencetosomeonebytelephoneservice.Itwasnotuntiltheearly1980sthatsuchaservicewasdevelopedenoughforbusinessestobeabletofaxdocumentstoeachother.Thefaxserviceisstillverymuchinusewhencopiesofdocumentsrequiretobesent,but,asawayoffastcorrespondence,ithasbeenlargelytakentheplaceofbyemail,Emailisusedtodescribemessagessentformonecomputerusertoanother.Thereareadvantagesanddisadvantageswithemails.Ifyousendsomeoneanemail,thenhewillreceiveitextremelyquickly.Normalpostalservicesareratherslowasfarasspeedofdeliveryisconcerned.However,ifyouwritesomethingbyemail,whichyoumightlaterregret,andsenditimmediately,thereisnochanceforsecondthoughts.Atleast,ifyouarehavetoaddressandseal(封)theenvelopeandtakeittothepostbox..thereisplentyoftimetochangeyourmind.Themessageisthinkbeforeyouemail!\n41.Wecanlearnfromthetextthat__________.A.emailislesspopularthanthefaxserviceB.thepostalservicehasovertheyearsbecomefasterC.thepostalservicehasovertheyearsbecomeslowerD.thefaxservicehasahistoryaslongasthepostalservicedoes42.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat_________.A.thefaxservicehadbeenfullydevelopedbythe1980sB.lettershavebeenusedinChinaforabout1,000yearsC.thefaxmachinewasinventedafterthe1980sD.lettershavebeenusedinEgyptforabout2,000years43.Inthelastparagraph,thewritermentions“thinkbeforeyouemail”toshowthat________.A.youmayregretifyoudon’tsealyourenvelopeB.youmayregretbeforeyousendsomethingbyemailC.you’dbetternotsendyouremailinahurryD.youregretbeforeyouontimetosendanemail44.Thetextmainlydealwith_________.A.theprogressincorrespondenceB.theadvantageoffaxmachinesC.theadvantageofemailsD.theinventionoffaxmachinesBLONDONThursdayJustRead—EddymissedhisgirlfriendsomadeheflewbacktoBritainfromAustraliatopropose(求婚)toher.Theproblemisshedidthesameintheoppositedirection.HeandAnnaevenmanagedtomisseachotherwhentheysatinthesameairportwaitingroominSingaporeatthesametimetowaitforconnectingflights.Anna,heartbroken,whenshearrivedatEddy’sSydneyflatfindhehadflowtoLondon,toldtimes,“Itwasasthoughsomeonewasplayingacrueljokeon.”“HeisthemostromanticpersonIhaveeverknown.Ithinkourproblemisthatwearebothquiteimpulsive(冲动的)people.Wearealwaystryingtosurpriseeachother.”Afteran11,000-mileflightacrossglobe,shewasgreetedbyEddy’sastonishedroommateaskingwhatshewasdoing.Eddy,a27-year-oldengineertakenyearofftotravelroundAustraliahewasmissingAnna,a26-yearsecretary,somuchhegotajobonaSydneybuildingsite(工地)andstartedsavingforasurprise.HethenflewhometoBritainandwenttoherflatarmedwithengagement(订婚)ring,wineandflowers.“IreallymissedAnnaandI’dbeenthinkingaboutherallthecomeIwassoexcitedwhenshephonedmefromAustralia.”hesaid.EddythenaskedAnnatomarryhimonthephone.“Ididn’tknowwhetherto\nlaughorcrybutIaccepted.”shesaid.AnnawasgivenatourofSydneybyEddy’sfriendsbeforegoingbackhome.EddyhadtostayinBritainfortwoweeksbecausehecouldnotchangehisticket.45.Whatdoesthelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphtellus?A.AnnaflewtoBritainfromAustraliatomarryhim.B.AnnaflewtoAustraliafromBritaintomarryhim.C.AnnaflewtoBritainfromAustraliatoproposetohim.D.AnnaflewtoAustraliafromBritaintoproposetohim.46.Theunderlinedword“miss”inparagraph2mostprobablymeans_______.A.escapefromB.failtounderstandC.failtomeetB.longtosee47.EddygotajobonaSydneybuildingsitebecausehe________.A.wantedtotravelroundAustraliaB.neededmoneytopayhisdailycostC.wasanengineeratthisbuildingsiteD.hopedtomakemoneyfromthisjob48.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutEddyandAnnaaccordingtothetext?A.EddyproposedtoAnnaonthephoneandAnnaaccepted.B.AnnastayedinAustraliawaitingforEddy’sarrival.C.AnnabadagoodtimetouringSydneywithEddy.D.EddymetAnnaintheairportwaitingroombychance.CIfyou’relikemoststudents,youprobablyreadbothathomeandoutsideyourhome:perhapssomewhereonyourschoolyardandmaybeevenatworkduringyourbreaks.Yourreadingenvironmentcanhaveagreateffectonyourunderstanding,sogivesomethoughttohowyoucancreateorchoosetherightreadingenvironments.Therightenvironmentallowsyoutostayalert(专注的)　andtokeepallofyourattentiononthetext,especiallywhenitisbothinterestinganddifficult.Whenyou’reathome,youcanusuallycreateeffectiveconditionsforreading.Youmightwanttochooseaparticularplace-adeskortable,forexample-whereyoualwaysread.Makesuretheplaceyouchooseiswelllighted,andsitinachairthatrequiresyoutositstraight.Readinginachairthat’stoosoftandcomfortableislikelytomakeyousleepy!Keepyouractivereadingtools(pens,markers,notebooksorpaper)andadictionarycloseathand.Beforeyousitdownforareadingperiod,trytoreduceallpossibleinterruptions.Turnoffyourphone,thetelevision,andtheradio.Tellyourfamilymembersorroommatesthatyou’llbebusyforawhile.Ifnecessary,puta“Donotdisturb”signonyourdoor!Themoreinterruptionsyoumustdealwithwhileyouread,theharderitwillbetokeepyourattentiononthetaskathand.49.Theauthorbelievesthattherightreadingenvironment_________.A.helpsreadersalittleintheirreadingtasks\nA.helpsreadersalotintheirreadersalotintheirreadingtasksB.canonlybecreatedatone’shomeC.canonlybecreatedoutsideone’shome50.Whichtypeofthefollowinginterruptionsismentionedinthetext?A.Dictionaries.B.Paper.C.Phonecalls.D.Notebooks.51.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowtoReadFastB.CreatinganEffectiveReadingEnvironmentC.TheWaystoReducePossibleInterruptionsD.WhattoReadDInmanycountriesthestandardoflivingenjoyedbytheirpeoplehasincreasedrapidlyinrecentyears.Sadly,noteveryoneinthesecountriesissofortunateandmanypeopleinrichcountriesarehomeless.Thereasonsforhomelessnessarevarious,butpoverty（贫穷）isundoubtedlyoneofthemaincauses.Thehomelesspeoplemayhavebecomejoblessandthenbeenunabletopaytheirrentandsonolongerhavearoofovertheirheads.Often,thefactthatunemployedpeoplegethelpfromthegovernmentpreventsthisfromhappening,butnotalways.Somehomelesspeoplearementallyillandhavenoonetolookafterthem.Someareyoungpeoplewho,foronereasonoranother,havelefthomeandhavenowheretolive.Manyofthemhavehadaseriousdisagreementwiththeirparentsandhavelefthome,choosingtogotoacityandliveonthestreets.Sometimestheyhavetakensuchactionbecausetheyhavebeenunabletogetonwithastep-parent.Manyhomelesspeoplegetintothehabitofbeggingtogetenoughmoneytostayalive,butmanyofthegeneralpublicrefusetogiveanythingtobeggars.Oftentheyaremovedonbythepolice,beingaccused（指控），whetherrightlyorwrongly,offorcefulbegging.Therearemanywhodisrespecthomelesspeople.Somecynics（愤世嫉俗的人）declarethathomelesspeoplechoosetolivethelifewhichtheylead.Butwhowouldwillinglychoosetoliveinzshopdoorway,underabridgeorinacardboardbox?52.Accordingtothetext,whatcausessomepeopletobehomeless?A.Lackofmoney.B.Theincreasedstandardofliving.C.Nogovernmenthelp.D.Agreementwiththeirparents.53.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat________.A.thehomelessarewillingtoliveunderabridgeorinacardboardboxB.youwillnotfindhomelesspeopleincountrieswithahighstandardoflivingC.thementallyillliveonthestressbecausetheywantthecompanyofotherhomelesspeopleD.theunemployedwhoreceivehelpmaystillbeamongthehomeless54.Inparagraph2,“aroofovertheirneeds”mostprobablymeans_________.A.acapB.acarC.ahomeD.acovering\nEAmongrichcountries,peopleintheUnitedStatesworkthelongesthours.TheyworkmuchlongerthaninEurope.ThisdifferenceisquitesurprisingbecauseproductivityperhourworkedisthesameintheUnitedStatesasitisinFrance,SpainandGermany,anditisgrowingatasimilarspeed.Inmostcountriesandatmosttimesinhistory,aspeoplehavebecomerichertheyhavechosentoworkless.Inotherwordstheyhavedecidedto“spend”apartoftheirextraincomeonafullerpersonallife.OverthelastfiftyyearsEuropeanshavecontinuedthispattern,andhoursofworkhavefallensharply.ButnotintheUnitedStates.Wedonotfullyknowwhythisis.Onereasonmaybemoresatisfyingwork,orlesssatisfyingpersonallives.LongerhoursdoofcourseincreasetheGDP(国内生产总值).SotheUnitedStateshasproducedmoreperworkerthan,say,France.TheUnitedStatesalsohasmoreofitspeopleatwork,whileinFrancemanymoremothersandolderworkershavedecidedtostayathome.TheoverallresultisthatAmericanGDPperheadis40%higherthaninFrance,eventhoughproductivityperhourworkedisthesame.Itisnotclearwhichofthetwosituationsisbetter.Aswehaveseen,workhastobecomparedwithothervalueslikefamilylife,whichoftengetlostininterest.Itistooearlytoexplainthedifferenttrends（趋势）inhappinessovertimeindifferentcountries.ButitisadisappointingideathatintheUnitedStateshappinesshasmadenoprogresssince1975,whileithasriseninEurope.Couldthishaveanythingtodowithtrendsinthework-lifebalance(平衡)?56.Fromthetextweknowthattheauthor.A.believesthatlongerworkinghoursisbetterB.prefersshorterworkinghourstolongeronesC.saysnothingcertainaboutwhichpatternisbetterD.thinksneitherofthepatternsisgood57.Whichofthefollowingcountrieshasmoreofitspeopleatwork?A.Spain.B.France.C.Germany.D.America.58.Inthelastparagraph,theunderlinedword“which”refersto_______.A.familylifeB.situationsC.othervaluesD.trends59.Whatmessagecanwegetfromthetext?A.TheGDPofEuropeishigherthanthatofAmerica.B.TwopossiblereasonsaregivenforworkinglongerhoursintheUS.C.Peopleallovertheworldchoosetoworklesswhentheyarericher.D.AmericansarehappierthanEuropeans.60.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AmericansandEuropeansB.StayingatHomeC.WorkandProductivityD.WorkandHappiness41-45：BACAD46-50：CDABC51-55：BADCA56-60：CDBDB薃肀莂蒃袂肀肂虿袈聿芄薂螄肈莇螇蚀肇葿薀罿肆腿莃袅肅芁薈螁膄莃莁蚇膄肃薇薃膃芅荿羁膂莈蚅袇膁蒀蒈螃膀膀蚃虿腿节蒆羈芈莄蚁袄芈蒆蒄螀芇膆蚀蚆袃莈蒃蚂袂蒁螈羀袁膀薁袆袁芃螆螂袀莅蕿蚈衿蒇莂羇羈膇薇袃羇艿莀蝿羆蒂薆螅羅膁蒈蚁羅芄蚄罿羄莆蒇袅羃蒈蚂螁羂膈蒅蚇肁芀蚁薃肀莂蒃袂肀肂虿袈聿芄薂螄肈莇螇蚀肇葿薀罿肆腿莃袅肅芁薈螁膄莃莁蚇膄肃薇薃膃芅荿羁膂莈蚅袇膁蒀蒈螃膀膀蚃虿腿节蒆羈芈莄蚁袄芈蒆蒄螀芇膆蚀蚆袃莈蒃蚂袂蒁螈羀袁膀薁袆袁芃螆螂袀莅蕿蚈衿蒇莂羇羈膇薇袃羇艿莀蝿羆蒂薆螅羅膁蒈蚁羅芄蚄罿羄莆蒇袅羃蒈蚂螁羂膈蒅蚇肁芀蚁薃肀莂蒃袂肀肂虿袈聿芄薂螄肈莇螇蚀肇葿薀罿肆腿莃袅肅芁薈螁膄莃莁蚇膄肃薇薃膃芅荿螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇羅羇膁螃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羀膆蒃蚆肀芈芆薂聿羈蒂蒈肈肀芅袆肇芃薀螂肆莅莃蚈肅肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿薇蝿螀罿荿蚅蝿肁薅薁螈膄莈薇螈莆膀袆螇肆蒆螁螆膈艿蚇螅芀蒄薃螄羀芇葿袃肂蒃螈袂膄芅蚄袂芇蒁蚀袁肆芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁薇蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅薆葿羆芈荿螇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