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--第一讲名词变复数一、可数名词变复数规则变化及发音:1、绝大多数的可数名词在词尾加上s;eg:book→books;desk→desks;pen→pens;car→carss遇t读浊辅音[ts],遇d读清辅音[dz] eg:friend→friends;cat→cats;2.、以s、x、ch、sh结尾的单词,在该词末尾加上-es;读音规则:读[iz];eg:bus→buses;box→boxes;watch→watchches;dish→dishes3、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,要把y变为i,再加-es;读音规则:读[z]。eg:fly→flies;baby→babies;元音字母加y结尾的单词直接加s;eg:toy→toys;boy→boys;4、以-f或-fe结尾的名词,要将-f或-fe变为-v,再加es;读音规则:读[vz];eg:knife→knives;leaf→leaves;5、以-o结尾的名词,初级阶段只有三个单词要加-es,其余都加-s;读音规则:读[z]。eg:tomato→tomatoes西红柿;potato→potatoes土豆;hero→heroes英雄;Negro—Negroes口诀:“黑人英雄喜欢吃土豆和西红柿”其余eg:zoo→zoos;hippo→hippos;名词变复数不规则变化:1.单词部发生变化:口诀“oo常常变ee,男人女人a变e”eg:foot→feet脚;tooth→teeth牙齿;man→men男人;woman→women女人;2.单复数相同:“羊鱼小鹿无变化,单数复数是一家”eg:sheep→sheep绵羊;fish→fish鱼;deer→deer鹿;3.不规则变化:child→children孩子;mouse→mice老鼠;German→Germans德国人;4“某国人”的复数有三种类型:口诀“中日不变,英法变,其它S加后边”(1)Chinese,Japanese单数复数同形,不需加s;(2)Englishman,Frenchman,Dutchman复数要把man变为men;(3)其他各国人以–an,-ian收尾的均直接加s。如:Americans,Australians,5.单复数相同(不变的)有:fish,sheep,Chinese,Japanese,police,class,family6.一般只有复数,没有单数的有:people,shoes,glasses,gloves,shortsclothes,socks7.代词的复数。IthesheIyouthisthat二.不可数名词:⒈不可数名词概念:不可以数出数目的名词叫做不可数名词。包括物质名词(表示无法分为个体的物质)和抽象名词(表示抽象概念的词)。⒉不可数名词特点:⑴不可数名词没有复数形式,也不能与a,an及数词连用,常作单数看待。-.可修编.\n--例:waterThere’ssomewaterinthebottle.foodMyfavouritefoodisnoodles.⑵不可数名词如表数量,常和abottleof,aglassofapiecesof等名词词组连用。如表示复数,只把量词改为复数。例:abottleofpop一瓶汽水,twoglassesoforangejuice两杯桔子汁,threecupsoftea三杯茶,apieceofpaper一纸⑶有些物质名词有时可数,有时不可数,要根据上下文决定,其意义也有所不同。Glass(玻璃)glasses(眼镜)⑷集体名词看作整体时,谓语用单数;指成员时,谓语用复数。Hisfamilyisalargefamily.Hisfamilylikeanimals.指整体指成员⑸有的名词单复数意思不同:例:hair和fruit通常作单数,表示总体。Myhairisblack.我的头发是黑色的。Ilikefruit.It’sgoodforyou.我喜欢水果,水果对你的身体有好处。但如果表示若干根头发或各种水果,则需用复数形式.Dannyhasthreehairs.丹尼有三根头发。Shelikespears,peachesandotherfruits.他喜欢梨,桃和其它水果。名词单复数练习Ⅰ.写出下列单词的复数形式:fish-boy-watch-knife-leaf-wife-baby-family-man-woman-child-tooth-goose-mouse-sheep-peach-picture-Chinese-he-his-I-this-is-it-that-Ⅱ.将下列句子改为复数句子:1.Heislookingafterthebaby.___________________2.It’sabigheavybox.___________________________3.Thispictureisnice.___________________________4.Sheisabeautifulwoman.____________________5.I’magoodchild.________________6.That’sadeliciouspeach._______________________Ⅲ.将下列句子改为单数句子:1.Theseareredcoats.____________________2.They’remystudents.____________________________3.They’rewomenworkershere.____________4.Thosearebeautifulflowers.__________________Ⅳ.划出下列单词中的不可数名词:meatpopshirtfoodknifesnowwatericeteaorangetruckcarjamearbreadmilknoodleseraserclothesⅤ根据括号的词填空-.可修编.\n--1.Isthisyour__________(notebook).2.Thosearemytwo________(brother).3.That’smy________(sister).4.They’rehis_________(parent).5.Thesearemy________(friends).6.Issheyour________(aunt)?7.Hereismyfamily_______(photo).8.Hereareyour____________(mathbook).9.The_______(watch)areonthedresser.10.The_______(boy)overthereismybrother.11.The______(boy)inredarehisbrothers.12.Canyoubringsome________(thing)toschool?13.Thosearemy_______(CD).14.Let’splay________(volleyball).15.Let’splaythe________(drum).16.Wehavemany_______(sport)______(club).17.EdSmithhasagreat_______(sport)collection.18.Ilikeplayingputer_________(game).19.Hehas8tennis________(racket).20.Hehas3__________(soccerball)and5_______(volleyball).21.Hedoesn’tplay________(sport).22.Doyoulike________(banana)?23.Doyoulike___________(hamburger)?24.Helike___________(strawberry).25.Theyhave___________(icecream)fordessert.26.Shedoesn’tlike__________(broccoli).27.Ilike__________(salad).28.Ilike__________(tomato).29.Hehassome_______(photo)ofhisfamily.30.Forbreakfast,shelikes______(egg)and_______(apple).31.Fordinner,shehas_________(chicken).32.Some__________(people)areunderthetree.32.Nickdoesn’tlikehis_________(class).33.My_________(clothes)areallred.34.ThisT-shirtisseven_________(dollar).35.Howmucharethese_________(sock)?36.Ineedsome________(help).37.Doyouneed________(bag)for_______(sport)?39.Anybodycanaffordour________(price).40.My_______(shoe)areblack.名词单复数中考习题集锦【2013】22.I’msohungry.Pleasegiveme ______ toeat.A.threebread B.threepiecesofbread C.threepiecesofbreads【答案】B【解析】考查不可数名词数量的表示。句意为:我非常饿,请给我三片面包吃。Bread为不可数名词,不能用数词直接来修饰,同时不可数名词没有复数形式,故选B。-.可修编.\n--【2013】29.—WhatcanIdoforyou? —Err,Iwantaglassofmilk,somebreadand_________. A.somechickens B.anychickens C.somechicken【答案】C【解析】考查名词的用法。chicken当鸡肉讲为不可数名词,没有复数形式,故答案为C。【解析】本题考查名词的辨析。由下文Ilikebananasbest.可知上句问的是最喜欢吃的水果是什么。故选B。【2013】29.—Couldyougivemesome______onhowtolearnEnglish______? —Sure.Practicemakesperfect. A.advice;good B.suggestions;goodC.advice;well D.suggestion;well【答案】C 【解析】考查词语的辨析。learn是动词,后面应当用副词well作状语,可排除A、B;suggestion是可数名词,当前面有some修饰时,应当用复数,可排除D。【2013】51.Justsearchtheinternet,youcangetalmostallthe______youneed. A.informations B.information C.picture D.story【答案】B 【解析】考查名词。句意:上网搜一下,你就能得到你需要几乎所有的信息。information,信息,不可数名词。故选B。【解析】名词词义辨析。Actor“演员”,scientist“科学家”,artist“画家”,doctor“医生”。根据句意:“一个能用图画描述崇山峻岭、蓝色海洋和其它很多事情的人,是画家。”,所以选C。【2013】22.Therearesome________onthefloor. A.milk B.child C.boxes【答案】C【解析】考查名词在语境中的辨析。thereare后应接可数名词复数,milk是不可数名词,应排除;child是可数名词单数,也应排除。故应选C。【2013】23.—Arethereany______inyourschool? —Yes,thereare. A.Germen B.Germans C.-.可修编.\n--German【答案】B 【解析】本题考查名词复数形式。由句中be动词are可知此处应名词复数形式,German的复数形式为Germans。故选B。【2013】36.Thestudentsdidn’tfindmuch________aboutthetopiconthatwebsite.A.report B.article C.information D.story【答案】C考查名词的用法句意:学生们在网上没有发现有关这个话题的很多信息。Much之后要用不可数名词,只有information是不可数名词。其他的report,article和story都是可数名词。【2013黄冈】33.——Whatwouldyouliketodrink,girls?——,________please.A.Twoglassofwater B.TwoglassofwatersC.Twocupsoftea D.Twocupsofteas【答案】C 考查名词的数glass和cup是可数名词,两杯应用复数形式,因此A、B错误;tea是不可数名词,没有复数,故选C。【2013】20.Kateis_____girl.She’sveryhappyatschool. A.aeighteen-year-old B.aneighteen-year-old C.aneighteen-years-old D.aeighteen-years-old【答案】B【解析】考查冠词和数词的用法。在元音音素开头的单词前面用冠词an;在辅音音素开头的单词前面用冠词a;数词和名词用“--”连接,名词用单数。所以选择答案B。【2013】28.—Mum,I’veheardthatwecan’teat______thesedays.Isittrue?—Takeiteasy.Itissafetoeatcookedmeat.A.chicken B.chickens C.achicken D. thechicken【答案】 A【解析】考查名词的用法。chicken鸡肉,为不可数名词,故不可以加冠词a,后也能加s,泛指吃鸡肉也不需要加冠词the,所以选择答案A。 【2013】6.Isawsome________and________dancinginthestreetthedaybeforeyesterday.A.Germen;Englishmen B.Germans;Englishmans C.Germans;Englishmen【答案】C 【解析】考查名词复数形式。句意:前天我看到一些德国人和英国人在街上跳舞。复数形式:德国人:Germans;英国人:Englishmen,所以选择答案C。-.可修编.\n--【2013】22.Sheisa ________girlwithtwobigeyes. A.six-years-old B.six-year-old C.sixyearsold【答案】B 【解析】考查复合形容词的表达。句意:她是一位有着两只大眼睛的六岁女孩。复合形容词,中间加-连接,名词用单数形式。asix-year-oldgirl=agirlofsixyearsold。所以选择答案B。【2013】29.Jasonlikesthe_______ ofthecake.Itisaheart. A.color B.size C.smell D.shape【答案】D【解析】考查名词的用法。color表示颜色,size表示尺寸,smell表示味道,shape表示形状。根据“Itisaheart.”的句意“它是一个心。”可知此处说的是蛋糕的形状,故答案应选D。【2013XX】29.Eatingmorevegetablesisgoodforourhealth.Iofteneatlettuce,broccoliand______. A.tomato B.tomatos C.tomatoes D.potato【答案】C【解析】考查名词复数的辨析。看选项可知B项是错误的。tomato西红柿;tomato西红柿,复数;potato土豆。A项和D项都为单数,如果A可以,那么D项也可以。所以选择答案C。【2012随州】21.The_____ofteneatgrassonthehill.A.chickenB.horseC.cowD.sheep【答案】D【解析】选D。此题考查名词的可数与不可数。Chicken,horse和cow的复数形式应该加s,而sheep的单复数形式相同,同时动词eat说明应该填复数形式,由此选D。全国各地中考英语真题分类汇编——名词【2012】34.“Whatdoweneedforthesalad?”“Weneedtwoapplesandthree______.”A.orangeB.tomatoesC.broccoli【答案】B考查名词的用法。orange意为“橘子”,是可数名词;tomato意为“西红柿”,是可数名词;broccoli意为“西兰花”,是不可数名词。根据句意:你们的沙拉还需要些什么?我们需要两个苹果和三个西红柿。故选B.【2012】28.—Ihave______ inlearningEnglishandI’msoworried.Couldyouhelpmewithit?—Sure,I’dloveto.A.joyB.interestC.troubleD.-.可修编.\n--fun【答案】C考查名词的辨析。joy“快乐”;interest“兴趣”;trouble“困难”;fun“有趣”。根据“我很担心”以及“你可以帮助我吗”可知此处表示“我英语学习有困难”,故选C。【2012】28.ThestudentsofGrade7visitedMike'sfarmandsawmany_____there.A.birdB.duckC.sheepD.Rabbit【答案】C根据many可以知道后面为名词的复数形式,C为集合名词单复数同形【2012XX】32.TheInternetisveryuseful.Wecangetalotof___________fromit.A.thingB.messageC.informationsD.information【答案】D根据句意从CD中选择,而information为不可数名词。【2012XX】36.—Whatisyourfavoritefood?—Ilike______best.Ihadalargebowllastnight.A.potatonoodleB.potatoesnoodlesC.potatonoodlesD.potatoesnoodles【答案】CPotato做定语,复数形式在noodle后面变化。【2012】12.Couldyoupleasegivesome_____tothe_____teachers?A.advice;manB.advices;menC.suggestion;manD.suggestions;men【答案】D【2012】23.─Mrs.ZhangwassenttoteachEnglishinapoormountainvillagelastyear. ─Shesaidshewouldneverforgetsomepleasant______whileworkingthere.A.experimentsB.expressionsC.experiencesD.emotions【答案】C体验为可数名词,其余为不可数名词【2012黔西南】11.Ilike________bestofallthevegetables. A.potatoesB.tomatoC.breadsD.rice【解析】A.考查名词。D是“米饭”,而不是“蔬菜”;C答案是“面包”,不可数名词;B答案是单数形式;因此选择A答案。【2012】28.—What’syourfavoritefruit? —Ilike______best.A.apples B.broccoli C.potatoesD.cabbages 28.A【解析】考查名词辨析。apple“苹果”;broccoli“花椰菜”;potato“土豆”;cabbage“卷心菜”。问句提问的是最喜欢的水果。只有apple属于水果。故选A。【2012】47.—Mum,1amhungry.May1havesome______?—Ofcourse.Butdon'teattoomuch.A.breadB.noodleC.dumplingD.-.可修编.\n--hamburger47.A【解析】考查名词辨析。bread“面包”;noodle“面条”;dumpling“水饺”;hamburger“汉堡”由下文的toomuch(太多),修饰不可数名词,可知空格处也须用不可数名词。故选A。【易错分析】解答此题的关键在于toomuch,由toomuch可推测上文空格处的词性。【2012】26.—Wouldyoulikesome_____?—Yes,alittleplease.A.appleB.bananaC.orangeD.milk【答案】D由下文的alittle可知此处为不可数名词。【2012】24.I’mgoingtothesupermarkettobuysome_____thisafternoon.A.paperandpencilB.applesandbananasC.milkandeggsD.bowlandspoons【答案】C【2012】24.—MissLi,couldyougiveme______onEnglishlearning?—Certainly.FirstyoushouldspeakEnglisheveryday.A.anyadvicesB.manyadvicesC.someadvice【答案】C【2012凉山】23.—Ifeelverythirstyandhungryafteralongwalk. —Wouldyoulikesomeand_____?A.applejuice;sandwichesB.applesjuice;sandwichesC.applejuice;sandwiches【2012省市】22.—Couldyoupleasepassmesomethingtoeat?—Whataboutsome______?A.waterB.orangeC.fishD.tea【答案】Cfish为集合名词单复数同形【2012黔东南州】23.-Whatkindofnoodleswouldyoulike? _--__________________________________ A.Muttonandtomatoesnoodles B.Muttonandtomatonoodles C.Muttonsandtomatoes.Noodles D,Muttonsandtomatonoodles【答案】B当名词做定语修辞名词时用单数【2011】38.I'msohungry.Pleasegiveme______toeat A.threebreadBthreepiecesofbread C.threepiecesofbreadsDthreepieceofbread 答案B【解析】考查可数名词与不可数名词的用法。bread为不可数名词,不加s,也不能直接用数字修饰,排除A和C。量词piece片是可数的要加s。 【2011德阳】23.–CanIhelpyou,sir? --I’dliketohave100_____.Iwantmystudentstodrawpictures.-.可修编.\n-- A.pieceofpaperB.piecesofpaperC.piecesofpapers 答案:B 【解析】本题考查不可数名词的运用.paper是不可数名词,它没有复数形式,若表示数量,一般用apieceof短语表示,它的复数形式应体现在piece上。paper是不可数名词,故排除C;答句意“我想要100纸……”。100纸中,量词piece应用复数形式,故排除A。正确答案是:B。 32.【2011•XX】TonyhasmanyChinese______. A.stampB.stampsC.astamp 答案B 【解析】考查名词复数的用法。many意为“很多”后接名词复数,故选B。 【2011】21.The_______ofmosttreeswillfallinautumn. AleafB.leafsCleaves 答案:C 【解析】本题考查的是名词复数的用法。根据题意,秋天,大多数的树叶都会落。leaf的复数形式为leaves,故本题选C。 【2011•】10.Ourhospitalneedstwo___doctors,MrsLi.Youcanaskyoursontohaveatry. A.womenB.manC.men 答案:C 【解析】名词复数。由“你让你的儿子试一试”可知“我们医院需要两名男医生”,排除A;man作doctors的定语,doctors用复数,故man也应用复数形式。 【2011】23.Therearemany_______playingontheplayground. A.childB.childrenC.manteachersD.sheeps 答案:B 【解析】B考查名词复数用法孩子的复数是“children”,男老师“menteachers”,羊“sheep”单复数相同。故选B。 (2011资阳)16.—Therearesomany______overthere.What’shappening?—Let’sgotohavealook. A.flowerB.carC.childD.people 答案:D 【解析】考查名词用法。many后接可数名词复数。故选D。 【2011】40.Pleasepickupthe____.Don’tkeepitonthefloor. A.paperB.boxesC.booksD.bottles 【答案】A 【解析】名词的考察由“Don’tkeepitonthefloor.”可知应是不可数名词或单数可数名词 【2011XX崇左】28.—What’sintheicebox? ---Afew____,butlittle____. A.apple,milkB.apple,milksC.apples,milksD.apples,milk 【解析】D考查点:形容词辨析。解题思路:few修饰可数名词的复数形式,little修饰不可数名词。故选D。 【2011XX贺州】36.Mazy'sskirtisthesameasher_____. A.sistersB.brotherC.brother’sD.sister’s 答案:D 【解析】D考查点:名词所有格。解题思路:skirt表示“裙子”,根据常识可知一般女孩才有裙子,故排除B、C。根据句意:Mary的裙子与她妹妹(姐姐)的(裙子)一样。比较的对象应该相同。故选D。 【2011市】23—Arethereany_______inthepicture?—Yes,thereare.-.可修编.\n-- A.fishB.porkC.beef 答案:A 【解析】考查名词。B与C都是不可数名词,be动词用单数;fish表示鱼的数量时,单数和复数同形。故选A。 【省2010】37.Thedoctortoldmetoeatmore_________becauseit'sgoodformyhealth. A.orangeB.vegetablesC.icecreamd.fish 【答案】D 【解析】名词用法由句意“……有益于健康”,排除A和C。vegetables为复数形式。故选D。 【2011·】TherearemillionsofwebsitesontheInternetandthere________alotofuseful_________onthewebsites. A.are;informationsB.are;information C.is;informationD.is;information 答案:C 【解析】考查therebe结构。information意为“消息”是不可数名词,be动词应用单数,先排除AB;故选C 【2011】18.—Mr.Smithalwayshas_____totellus.—Sohedoes. A.somegoodpiecesofnewsB.somepiecesofgoodnews C.somegoodpieceofnewsD.somepieceofgoodnews 答案:A 【解析】不可数名词的考查。News是不可数名词,当要表示几条消息时,应用量词piece,并且根据句意要在piece的后面加s。-.可修编.