高考语法-冠词 4页

专题一冠词I、重点难点解析冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义历年高考试题对冠词的考查涉及到冠词的位置、不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词及固定搭配中的冠词等各个方面。下面我们以表格的形式对前四个方面进行总结，1.冠词的位置考点示例1such／what／many／rather／quite+a(n)+形容词+单数可数名词quiteasmallhouse2how／however／so／too／as／that／this十形容词+a(u)+单数可数名词soniceagirl3both／all／half／twice／double+the+名词twicethesizeoftheroom4halfa(n）或ahalf+单数可数名词Halfanhour／ahalfhour2.不定冠词考点示例1表示泛指，与any同义Asquarehasfoursides．2表示数量“一”，与one同义，但其数的概念不如one强烈Hewillbebackinaweek．3表示“相同的”，与thesame同义Birdsofafeatherflocktogether．4表示“每一个”，与every，each，per同义Ivisitmyfatheronceamonth．5表示“某一”，与acertain同义AMrSmithiswaitingtoseeyou．6表示“像……似的”，与onelike同义HeisaLeiFenginourclass．7用在某些物质名词前表示“一种、‘一阵、一份、一场”等Wehadaheavyrainlastnight．8用在某些抽象名词前，使其具体化Youareagreathelptoyourmother．3.定冠词考点示例1特指上文提到过的、谈话双方都清楚的、受定语修饰的人或物Therelmetaforeignerandtheforeignerhelpedmealot./Doyouknowthemanstandingbythewindow?2用于单数名词前，指一类事物Thelionisawildanimal.3用于乐器名称前theviolin/thepiano4用于世界上独一无二的事物前thesun/ theearth/ theworld5与某些形容词连用表示一类人therich/theyoung/theaged6在字数词和最高级前thefirstonetocometoschool／thebeststudentinourclass\n7在江河湖海、山脉群岛、海峡海岸的地名中TheChangjiangRiver/theWestLake/theEnglishChannel8在表示姓氏的复数名词前、逢整十数词的复数前play(the)piano／theBrowns／inthe1920s/9在表示国家的形容词前，泛指该国的人民.theChinese/theEnglish10用在一些习惯用语中inthemorning/thedayaftertomorrow/thedaybeforeyesterday/thenextyear4.零冠词考点示例1专用名词和不可数名词前China,America,GradeOne,ClassTwo2名词前已有this,that,my,your,some,any等Godownthisstreet.3当复数名词和不可数名词表示泛指时Wearestudents./Ilikereadingstories.4成对名词连用时dayafterday／facetoface5在球类、棋类、学科、语言、三餐名词前playbasketball／playchess／likephysics.speakEnglish／atlunch6在季节、月份、某些含Day的节假日、星期等名词前AutumnisthebestseasoninBeijing.／inMay／NewYear’sDay／OnSunday7在某些习惯用语中的名词前Atnoon／bybus／bytelephone/inbed,intime/gotobed/gotocollege5.英语中含有冠词的词组辩析英语中有不少词组，从形式看好象只有冠词之差，而实际上却是意义完全不同的新词组。1.infrontof在……（外）的前面;inthefrontof在……（内）的前面There’sagardeninfrontoftheclassroom.There’sablackboardinthefrontoftheclassroom.2.inchargeof掌管；负责;inthechargeof在……负责之下Anexperiencedworkerisinchargeoftheproject.Theprojectisinthechargeofanexperiencedworker.3.attable在用饭；吃饭时;atthetable在桌旁Heseldomtalksattable.Theysatatthetable,talkingandlaughing.4.byday白天；日间;bytheday按日计Heworksinanofficebyday.Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesgetpaidbytheday.5.takeplace发生；举行;taketheplace代替；接替Whendidthisconversationtakeplace?ElectrictrainhasnowtakentheplaceofsteamtrainsinEngland.6.inwords用言语;inaword总之Pleaseexpressyourthoughtinwords.Inaword,Idon’ttrustyou.\n7.attimes有时；不时;atatime一次Idofeelalittlenervousattimes.Passmethebrickstwoatatime.8.little少；不多的;alittle一些；一点点Hurryup,there’slittletimeleft.Don’thurry,youstillhavealittletime.9.few很少；几乎没有的;afew有些；几个Heisamanoffewwords.Onlyafewofthechildrencanread.10.amostinteresting非常有趣的;themostinteresting最有趣的（形容词的最高级）Thisisamostinterestingstory.Thisisthemostinterestingstoryofthethree.11.adoctorandnurse一位医生兼护士;adoctorandanurse一位医生和一位护士Adoctorandnurseisstandingthere.Adoctorandanursearestandingthere.12.Anumberof许多；好些;thenumberof…（的）数目Anumberofstudentsareintheclassroom.Thenumberofstudentsintheclassroomisforty.II、实战演练（一）．用适当的冠词填空，不需要的划“\”.1.---Hello,couldIspeaktoMr.Smith?---Sorry,wrongnumber.Thereisn't______Mr.Smithhere.2.Iknowyoudon'tlike_______musicverymuch.Butwhatdoyouthinkof_______musicinthefilmwesawyesterday?3.---Iknockedovermycoffeecup.Itwentrightover______keyboard.---Youshouldn'tputdrinksnear________computer.4.Ofall_______reasonsformydecisiontobecomeauniversityprofessor,myfather'sadvicewas_______mostimportantone.5.Accordingto_________WorldHealthOrganization,healthcareplansareneededinallbigcitiestoprevent_________spreadofAIDS.6..Forhim____stageisjust___meansofmakingaliving.7.Ithinkitreally_______honorformetospeakhere..8.Thislabusedtobein_______chargeofMr.Wang.9Iknowthereis______Mr.Smithnextdoor,whohasgoneon________business.10Hedevotesmostofhistimeto_______football.AndIamsurehepromises________excellentfootballer.11Don’tloseheart.Pleasehave______secondtry.12Thosewhoarerichshouldhelp______poor.13Whenstealingthethiefwascaughtby______armbyapoliceman.14Insomefactoriesworkersgetpaidby______piece.\n15Itisabadhabittogotoworkwithout______breakfast.16Johnis_______universitystudentfrom______Europeancountry.17Teachersplay_______activeandimportantpartinbuildingupstudents’character.18_______Zhangsliveonthesecondfloor.19Cottonisgrownin_______northofChina.20Itisknowntousallthat_______lighttravelsfasterthan_______sound.21Atowerisseenin_______distance.22Incaseoffirepleasepress_______redbutton.23Shenzhenhas________populationofmorethan10million.24_______daysIspentwithCatherineinBeijingweresowonderful.25Abullethitthesoliderandhewaswoundedin______leg.26Helovedwritingandhisfirstnovelwas______greatsuccesswhenitcameout.27Mybrotherwasbornin_______springof1990.28Mr.Smithis______mostlearnedscholarandyoucanturntohimforhelp.29Howsweetlyshesings!Ihaveneverheard_______bettervoice.30Beijingis______secondlargestcityinChina.31MytriptoTibetwasreally________unforgettableexperience.32Thiswatchis_______18thcenturywatch,whichhasbeenpasseddownfrommygreatgrandpa.（二）语法填空在括号中填入适当的冠词Thereoncewasakingwhooffered1prizeto2artistwhowouldpaint3bestpictureofpeace.Manyartisttried.Thekinglookedatall4pictures.Buttherewereonlytwohereallyliked,andhehadtochoosebetweenthem.Onepicturewasofacalmlake.Thelakewasaperfectmirrorforpeacefulhighmountainsallaroundit.Overheadwasablueskywithfluffywhiteclouds.Allwhosawthispicturethoughtitwas5perfectpictureofpeace.Theotherpicturehadmountains,too.Butthesewereruggedandbare.Abovewas6angrysky,fromwhichrainfellandinwhichlightningplayed.Down7sideofthemountaintumbled(翻腾)afoaming(水泡)waterfall.Thisdidnotlookpeacefulatall.Butwhenthekinglookedclosely,hesawbehind8waterfallatinybushgrowinginacrackintherock.Inthebush9motherbirdhadbuilthernest.There,inthemidstoftherushofangrywater,satthemotherbirdonhernest-inperfectpeace.Thekingchose10secondpicture.答案：I1a2/;the3the;a4.the;the5the;the6the;a7an8the9a;/10/;an11a12the13the14the15the16a;a17an18The19the20/;/21the22the23a24The25the26a27the28a29a30the31an32anII1a2the3the4.the5a6an7the8the9a10.the