[高考]高考英语阅读理解_解题技巧_高分突破 146页

2013高考英语阅读理解特征及技能大揭秘阅读理解考查内容与形式大揭秘《考试大纲》对阅读理解的主要要求是：1．掌握所读文章的主旨和大意以及用以说明主旨和大意的事实和细节；2．既理解具体的事实，也理解抽象的概念；3．既理解字面意思，也理解根据字面意思可以推断出来的没有明确说出的深沉含义，包括作者的态度、意图等；4．既理解某句、某段的意义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并据此进行推理和判断；5．既能根据文章所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生自己应有的常识去理解。阅读理解主要考查形式主要有四大类：1．细节理解题。即要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解。这一题型常见的命题方式有：事实认定题、排序题图形辨认题、数字运算题等。2．推理判断题。这类题主要考查学生根据文章的字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意等。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题。3．主旨大意题。该类题主要考察学生对所读材料中心思想的概括。其考察形式有很多，如概括标题、主题、中心思想等。4．词义猜测题。即要求考生根据一定的上下文猜测生词的词义。英语高考阅读理解答题技能大揭秘I.技能点揭秘之一:细节理解题解题技能在2008年高考阅读理解中，对细节理解类题型的考查同往年一样，依然占了较大的比例，全国及各省、市均有对此题型的考察，无一例外。细节理解题要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解。它们大都是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。有些问题可以在文章中直接找到答案，有些则需要我们在理解的基础上将有关内容系统化才能找到，比如计算、排序、是非判断、图形比较等。常见的命题方式通常有：1.特殊疑问句形式。以when,where,what,which,who,howmuch/many等疑问词开头引出的问题；2.以是非题的形式。true/false,nottrue/false或EXCEPT；3.以Accordingto…开头提问方式；4.以填空题的形式，如：（1）Toavoidattractingmountainlions,peopleareadvised.（2）Bythefirstsentenceofthepassageauthormeansthat.（3）Itseemsthatnowacountry’seconomydependsmuchon.（4）Ifyouareinterestedinknowingaboutwhatpeople’slifewillbe,youmayvisit.（5）Thepolicemenweretold“tolooktheotherway”(theunderlinedpartinParagraph2)sothat.（6）Thepolicemanwhosaid“Goodevening”toRollswantedto.等等146\n5.就文中数字、排序、识图等提问。做细节理解题时，大多数学生易出现的问题是阅读速度太慢，缺乏一定的快速阅读技巧，考生要培养自己快速获取信息的能力。解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看原文，而常常可采取“带着问题找答案”的方法．先从问题中抓住关键性词语。然后以此为线索。要快速地辨认和记忆事实或细节，就要恰当地运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的段落、语句．仔细品味，对照比较．确定答案。除了运用扫读法(scanning)外，还可以兼用排除法．将“无此细节”和“与此细节相反”的选项排除。了解细节题干扰选项的特点也有助于考生提高答题的正确率。一般情况下，干扰项有如下几个特点：（1）是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容；（2）符合常识，但不是文章内容；（3）与原文的内容极其相似，只是在程度上有些变动；（4）在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反；（5）部分正确，部分错误。有的细节理解题只要直接辨认不要求读者对客观的事实作出解释或判断，只要求从阅读材料中直接获取信息。同时还要求读者记住重要细节，在必要的时候（做判断、推断或结论的时候）能够准确而迅速地将他们回忆起来。解此类题要求考生快速抓住原文中的关键信息，直接得出答案，但要注意往往答案与原文中的语句并非一模一样，而是用不同的词语或句型结构表达相同的意思。有的细节理解题就需要通过有关词语和句子的转换。利用主要事实、图表、图形来获取信息，然后利用因果、类比、时间、空间等关系将零碎的细节经过一系列加工、整理，方能做出正确的判断．此类试题在高考中占大多数。值得一提的是，有时原文中的信息可能只是一个短语，甚至一个单词，因此需要我们在阅读中特别仔细才能捕捉到真正有用的信息。细节理解题大致有如下几种常考题型：1．描写类细节题描写类细节题，常常考察考生对文中有关人物动作、思想感情、心理活动、观点，或事件的起因、发展、过程、结果等方面的理解。这类描写信息往往较直接，一般不太需要考生对它们进行较深入的理解，对于该类题，考生一般都可以较直接地从原文中找到与题目对应的有关信息。例题：（2008年全国高考—上海卷A篇）Youeitherhaveit,oryoudon’t—asenseofdirection,thatis.ButwhyisitthatsomepeoplecouldfindtheirwayacrosstheSaharawithoutamap,whileotherscanlosethemselvesinthenextstreet?Scientistssaywe’reallbornwithasenseofdirection,butitisnotproperlyunderstoodhowitworks.Onetheoryisthatpeoplewithagoodsenseofdirectionhavesimplyworkedharderatdevelopingit.ResearchbeingcarriedoutatLiverpoolUniversitysupportsthisideaandsuggeststhatifwedon’tuseis,weloseit.“Childrenasyoungassevenhavetheabilitytofindtheirwayaround,”saysJimMartland,ResearchDirectoroftheproject.“However,iftheyarenotallowedoutaloneoraretakeneverywherebycar,theyneverdeveloptheskills.”JimMartlandalsoemphasizesthatyoungpeopleshouldbetaughtcertainskillstoimprovetheirsenseofdirection.Hemakesthefollowingsuggestions:●Ifyouareusingamap,turnitsoitrelatestothewayyouarefacing.●Ifyouleaveyourbikeinastrangeplace,putitnearsomethinglikeabigstoneoratree.Notelandmarksontherouteasyougoawayfromyourbike.Whenyoureturn,gobackalongthesameroute.●Simplifythewayoffindingyourdirectionbyusinglinessuchasstreetsinatown,streams,orwallsinthecountrysidetoguideyou.Countyourstepssothatyouknowhowfaryouhavegoneandnoteanylandmarkssuchastowerblocksorhillswhichcanhelptofindoutwhereyouare.Nowyouneednevergetlostagain!146\n65.Scientistsbelievethat_______.A.somebabiesarebornwithasenseofdirection.B.peoplelearnasenseofdirectionastheygrowolderC.peopleneverlosetheirsenseofdirectionD.everybodypossessesasenseofdirectionfrombirth66.Whatistrueofseven-year-oldchildrenaccordingtothepassage?A.TheyneverhaveasenseofdirectionwithoutmapsB.TheyshouldneverbeallowedoutaloneiftheylackasenseofdirectionC.TheyhaveasenseofdirectionandcanfindtheirwayaroundD.Theycandevelopagoodsenseofdirectioniftheyaredrivenaroundinacar.68.Accordingtothepassage,thebestwaytofindyourwayaroundisto________.A.askpolicemenfordirections.B.usewalls,streams,andstreetstoguideyourselfC.rememberyourroutebylookingoutforstepsandstairsD.countthenumberoflandmarksthatyousee答案与解析：65.选D。根据第二段首句可知：科学家认为我们生来就有方向感。66.选C。根据第三段首句可知，七岁大的小孩就具备了辨别方向的能力。68.选B。根据JimMartland所给的第三条建议中的“…byusinglinessuchasstreetsinatown,streams,orwallsinthecountrysidetoguideyou.”即可得出答案。2．数据计算题此类试题一般要求考生能根据阅读材料中给出的有关数据，找出计算关系，通过计算，得出正确的结论。这类计算一般来说比较简单，关键是要弄清各数据间的逻辑关系，选准比较的数据，弄清单位换算关系，确定计算方法，问题便迎刃而解了。对于数据较多、项目复杂用时间或空间跨度较大的短文，通常可采用“列表法”，即按一定的规律将数据分门别类地列出，化模糊为清晰，为计算打下基础。对于相对不太复杂的数据，可采用“推算法”，即以有关数据为基准，进行简单的运算就可得出。例题：（2008年全国高考—安徽卷D篇）…TuitionFees(学费)Tuitionfeesaredifferentfromdepartmenttodepartment,generallyfrom$5,000to$6,000ayear.Forfurtherinformation:tui@waikato．ac．nz.Accommodation(住宿)Youcanhavearoomina4-bedroomflat,whichwillcostabout$100amonthwithotherregularlivingcostsofabout$150amonthforoneperson.Forfurtherinformation:acc@waikato．ac．nz…69.Youhavetopayatleast______ayearifyoustudyattheUniversityofWaikato.A.$5,250B.$8,000C.$9,000D.$11,000答案与解析：选B。本篇是介绍新西兰Waikato大学的广告。从TuitionFees(学费)：Tuitionfeesaredifferentfromdepartmenttodepartment．generallyfrom$5，000to$6，000ayear.Forfurtherinformation：tui@waikato.ac.nz.Accommodation(住宿)：Youcanhavearoomina4-bedroomfiat,whichwillcostabout$100amonthwithotherregularlivingcostsofabout$150amonthforoneperson.Forfurtherinformation：acc@waikato．ac．nz．可知答案为B。$5000(学费)+$100(住宿费)x12(months)+$150(生活费)x12=$8000．3．排序题这种试题要求考生根据事情发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件的正确顺序。做此类试题时可采用“首尾法定位法”，即找出事件发展的首与尾，迅速缩小范围，从而快速选出正确选项。或直接逐一用排除法按顺序排除，得出正确选项。146\n例题：（2008年全国高考—浙江卷D篇）…Peoplecanuseahomecomputertomaketheirshoppinglists.Onceatthestore,ashoppercanuseapreferredcustomercardtostartasystem(系统)thatwillorganizethetriparoundthestore.Ifyou'relookingfortoothpicks,youtypeinthewordorpickitfromalist,andamapwillappearonthescreenshowingwhereyouareandwhereyoucanfindthem.…54.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderofshoppingwiththecomputerizedshoppingcarts?a.Startthesystem.b.Makeashoppinglist.c.Findthethingsyouwant.D.Gotoaself-checkoutstand.A.abdcB.bacdC.acbdD.bcad答案与解析：选B。细节理解题。由本段的描述可以确定第一件事是Makeashoppinglist（列购物清单，明确买什么）。最后一件事是Gotoaself-checkoutstand（去付款台（自动）付钱），排除A、C，然后再看ab的先后顺序，排除选项D。本题也可结合自己的购物常识进行快速判断。4．信息寻找题、广告阅读题信息寻找题一般在应用文体中较常见，体现于查字典、阅读广告、公告、演出海报、车船航班时间表等之中。这类阅读材料包含的某一方面的信息非常全面，能满足各种人对信息的需求，但在高考试题中，常常是就某一方面提问，考生完全没有必要从头到尾仔细阅读，因为材料中有很多冗余无效信息。做此类题时，宜采用“题干定全法”。即：先阅读题干，然后根据问题要求，有针对性地阅读相关部分快速寻找有效信息。广告是阅读理解题常考的一种题材。广告属应用文体。严格来说广告属快速寻找信息题。但是广告有着其他快速寻找信息题不同的特点。广告文体简洁明快，省略了大量的词语，达到了篇幅小、信息多的目的。同时具有语言精练，形象性、鼓动性强的良好效果。广告阅读题多为细节理解题，关键在于正确理解广告内容。考生必须具备较强的语言运用能力，熟悉文化背景，利用各种手段（如：补全、联想、推测等）正确解读广告的内容。通常运用“补全成分法”和“联想推测法”两种方法来解读广告的内容。做题方法同样采用“题干定向法”。（1）补全成分法省略名在广告体阅读材料中大量出现，可以说广告阅读理解材料中大多数句子都是省略句。我们应结合全文语境及逻辑关系将省略句补全，从而更加准确地理解。如：Driverwanted.根据文义，可将该句补充为：Adriverwillbewanted.(招聘一名司机)。（2）联想推测法在些广告时间、日期、地点、电话、票价等用了缩略词，甚至一概没有提及，这就需要考生前后连贯，充分想象，整体理解。搜寻已知信息，推断语篇意义。为节省篇幅，特别是在商业广告中，常使用缩写词，尽管有些缩写不太规范，但却常用，常见的缩写词有：Tel.=telephonenumberPh.=phoneAdd(r).=addressco.=companyLtd=LimitedMax=maximumMin=minimumhr=hourt=timefig=figureft=footml=miledoz=dozen146\nMt=MountainP=pageprof.=professorDr.=doctors=southn=northw=westSta=Stationpop=popularvs=versusXmas=Christmasinfo=informationVIP=veryimportantpersonshrs=hoursaft=afterad=advertisementp/t=parttimeexp=experiencedPC=personalcomputerMA=MasterofArtsBSdegree=bachelor'sdegree(学士学位)例题：（2008年全国卷I、IIC篇）WelcometoAdventureland!EveryonelovesAdventureland!TheParksandExhibitionswerebuiltforyoutoexplore(探索),enjoy,andadmiretheirwonders.Everyvisitwillbeanunforgettableexperience.Youwillgoawayenriched,longingtocomeback.Whatareyougoingtodothistime?TheTravelPavilionExploreplacesyouhaveneverbeentobefore,andexperiencedifferentwaysoflife.VisittheAmazonjunglevillage,theTurkishmarket,theTaifloatingmarket,theBerbermountainhouseandothers.Talktothepeopletherewhowilltellyouabouttheirlives,andthingstheymake.Youcantrymakingacarpet,makingnets,fishing…TheFutureTowerThisexhibitionshowshowprogresswilltouchourlives.Itallowsustolookintothefutureandexplorethecitiesofthenextcenturyandthewaywe’llbelivingthen.Spendsometimeinourspacestationclimbintooursimulator(模拟装置)fortheJourneytoMars!TheNatureParkThisisnotreallyoneparkbutseveral.IntheSafariParkyoucandriveamongAfricananimalsinoneofourRangeCruisers;seelions,giraffes,elephantsinthewild.MoveontotheOceanParktowatchthedolphinsandwhales.AndthenthereisstilltheAviarytosee…ThePyramidThisisthecenterofAdventureland.Runoutoffilm,needsomepostcardsandstamps?Forallthesethingsandmanymore,visitourundergroundshoppingcentre.Comehereforinformationandideastoo.63.TheTravelPavilionisbuilttohelpvisitors________.A.realizetheimportanceoftravelingB.becomefamiliarwithmountaincountriesC.learnhowtomakethingssuchasfishingnetsD.learnsomethingaboutdifferentplacesintheworld64.Ifyouareinterestedinknowingaboutwhatpeople’slifewillbe,youmayvisit_____________.A.theTravelPavilionB.theFutureTowerC.theSafariParkD.thePyramid146\n65.Ifyouwanttogetatoyliontotakehome,wherewillyoumostlikelygo?A.ThePyramidB.TheNaturePark.C.TheFutureTowerD.TheTravelPavilion答案与解析：63.选D。运用“题干定向法”捕捉相关信息。根据TheTravelPavilion部分第一句“Exploreplacesyouhaveneverbeentobefore,andexperiencedifferentwaysoflife.”，便可知该活动有助于游客了解世界各地风情。64.选B。根据TheFutureTower这一标题和内容梗概，其中特别有一句“Itallowsustolookintothefutureandexplorethecitiesofthenextcenturyandthewaywe’llbelivingthen.”，不难发现只有该项能够让人们了解未来社会的发展。65.选A。本题考察了考生信息寻找能力和细节处理能力。根据最后一段第二句告诉我们ThePyramid提供一些游客必须品。第三句则暗示ThePyramid是购买旅游纪念品的理想场所。5.图文转换题此类试题要求根据短文中的描写找出相应的图形，或根据图形选出相应的文字。可采用“文字锁定法”，即找出描述图形的句段，按“文”锁“图”，迅速锁定相关图形，或用“图形标示法”，在图形中标出相应的内容，以便做题。例题：（2004年全国高考—北京卷A篇）TheHomeofMyPeopleWhenLewisandClarksteppedontotheWeippePrairieinpresent-dayIdahoinSeptember1808,theymettheNezPerceIndians.Inthefollowingyears,thewhiteexplorers（探险者）begantofightwiththeIndiansfortheirland.SomeNezPercechiefssignedagreementswiththeU.S.government,sellingpartoftheirlands.Butthegovernmentalwaysbrokethoseagreementsanddemandedmoreland.Otherchiefsrefusedtogoalongwiththegovernment’splans.ThemostfamouswasChiefJoseph,whosepeoplelivedintheWallowaValley（present-dayOregon）.“Inordertohaveallpeopleunderstandhowmuchlandweowned,”heonceexplained,“myfatherplantedpolesarounditandsaid:‘Insideisthehomeofmypeople…Itcircled146\naroundthegraves（坟墓）ofourfathers,andwewillnevergiveupthesegravestoanyman.’”Butin1874,theU.S.governmentdeclaredthevalleyopenforwhitesettlementandorderedtheNezPerceontoareservation（保留地）.Seeingthatresistancewasuseless,ChiefJosephagreedtomove.Later,fightingbrokeoutbetweentheNezPerceandU.S.soldiers.ChiefJosephtriedtoleadhispeopletoCanada,winningseveralbattlesagainstthesoldiersduringtheirflight.Butfinally,hewasforcedtogivein.56.Whichhistoricsite（onthemap）liesinthesouthoftoday’sNezPerceReservation?A.BuffaloEddy.B.DugBar.C.JosephCanyonViewpoint.D.ChiefLookingGlassCamp.57.WhatcanwelearnabouttheNezPercelandsfromthemap?A.TheywereinthestateofOregon.B.Theyhavebecomeahistoricsite.C.Theyhavebecomemuchsmaller.D.TheywerelimitedtotheWallowaValley.答案与解析：56.选D。此题考察学生的图示理解能力。首先要找到并标出现在NezPerceReservation所在的位置，然后找到它以南的历史景点（有■标志）。可以看到ChiefLookingGlassCamp位于NezPerceReservation（范围以内）的南部。57.选C。从地图中我们可以看到，NezPerce原先所拥有的土地（粗线范围内）比现在的NezPerce保留区（阴影部分）大多了。6．表格理解题表格阅读题需正确理解表格中所提供的内容，看懂行和列分别代表的意义，在正确理解的基础上才能做出正确的选择。通常情况下需要对表格的项目进行比较，找准正确的计算关系尤为重要。由于表格具有信息量大的特点，而有些信息与题干无关，如通篇阅读，既缺少针对性又浪费时间，一般采用“首读题干法”为上策，即先读题目要求，带着问题在表格里查找相关信息，去伪存真。如考查有关数据的相互关系，这就需要对各数据进行分析，找出隐含规律，此时常用“文表分析法”来提示其规律。CountryorAreaManufacturingResourcesDevelopmentCommerceandServicesOthersTotalA722038089520137098490B20490405170107027310C2937012036300101066800D365706813012090120116910E71608401952071028320TheabovechartshowsJapanesedirectinvestmentinAsiancountriesorareas(A、B、C、D,andE)from1951till2003.ThevalueofJapaneseinvestmentinmanufacturingwasroughlythesameinHongKongandinthemainlandofChina,butincommerceandservicesHongKongwasoverChinabyseventybillion.Inresourcesdevelopment,Japandidn’tshowinterestinSingaporeandevensmallerattentionwaspaidtoTaiwan,whichreceivedexactlyonethirdasmuchmoneyasSingapore.Intotal,thebiggestinvestmentbyJapanwasmadeinIndonesia.1.Welearnfromthepassagethatthe“A”inthechartstandsfor_____.A.ChinaB.SingaporeC.IndonesiaD.HongKong146\n2.Intotal,Japaninvestedabout70billiondollarsmoreinHongKongthanin____.A.SingaporeB.IndonesiaC.TaiwanD.China3.JapaneseinvestmentinresourcesdevelopmentinSingaporewas_____timesthatinTaiwan.A.threeB.fourC.fiveD.six4.Inmanufacturing,Indonesiaranked________.A.firstB.secondC.thirdD.fourth5.Accordingtothechart,weknow_______attractedJapanmost.A.manufacturingB.resourcesdevelopmentC.commerceandservicesD.others答案与解析：考查学生理解图表和结合文字叙述摄取有关信息的做题能力。此题首先要清楚A、B、C、D、E所代表的国家或地区。从“ThevalueofJapaneseinvestmentinmanufacturingwasroughlythesameinHongKongandinthemainlandofChina,”可以知道A、E代表香港和中国大陆，从后一句“butincommerceandservicesHongKongwasoverChinabyseventybillion.”可以进一步确定A代表香港，E代表中国大陆。从“Inresourcesdevelopment,Japandidn’tshowinterestinSingaporeandevensmallerattentionwaspaidtoTaiwan,whichreceivedexactlyonethirdasmuchmoneyasSingapore.”可以知道C是新加坡，B是台湾，D无疑就是印度尼西亚了，从最后一句“Intotal,thebiggestinvestmentbyJapanwasmadeinIndonesia”也可得到印证。确定了这五个国家和地区，问题就迎刃而解了。答案：1-5DDAAC7．代词指代题解题技能代词指代题要求考生一定的上下文推测代词的指代意义。此类题一般是在人物或事物关系比较复杂的情况下使用的一种题型，所以理清人物及事物之间的逻辑关系是关键所在。例题1：（2008年全国卷C篇）…Thetheoryissupportedbythefactsthat,sofar,noneofthestolencarshavebeenreturned.Also,theamountofmoneydemanded-under3,000Taiwanesedollars–seemstoolittleforacarworthmanytimesmore.Demandsforpigeon-deliveredmoneystoppedassoonasthepressreportedthestory.Andeveniftheystartagain,Chenholdslittlehopeofcatchingthecriminal.“Wehavemoreimportantthingstodo,”hesaid.52.Theunderlinedword“they”inthelastparagraphrefersto.A.criminalsB.pigeons　　C.thestolencars　　D.demandsformoney答案与解析：选D。从文中最后一段可知，they应当对应该段前面的“Demandsforpigeon-deliveredmoney”。该部分大意为“媒体一报道这些事件之后，发案率有所下降。即使demandsformoney的势头有所上升，陈表明，捉住罪犯也没什么希望，因为他们（警察）有更重要的事要做。”。例题2：（2008年全国高考—天津卷E篇）…Manycreativethinkersstatethattheyhavecompletelydevotedthemselvestothesubjectmatteroftheproblem,oftenoverfairlylongperiodsoftime.Indeed,itwouldbestrangeiftheyhadnotdonethis.Nothinginsuchstatementssupportstheideathatthereisanythingverydifferentabouttheproblemsolvingthatleadstodiscoveriesofthegreatcontributionstothesociety.Theactofdiscovery,evenintherelativelypredictable(可以预见的)sensethatitoccursineverydaylearning,involves(涉及)a“suddeninsight”whichchangestheproblemsituationintoasolutionsituation.Aswehaveseen,everydaydiscoveryalsorequiresthatthe146\nlearnerhavetheknowledgeoftherulesgainedinthepast,whichisinvolvedinthesolution.54.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”referto?A.GreatcontributionstothesocietyB.Long-timestudyofthesubjectmatter.C.Variousstatementsaboutproblemsolving.D.Completedevotiontoartisticcreation.答案与解析：选B。这里的this指代前面的内容，从本段的第一句可以看出，其指代的是Long-timestudyofthesubjectmatter。II.技能揭秘之二:推理判断题解题技能这类题主要考查学生根据文章的字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意等。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题。做这类题时，考生应在理解全文的基础上，从文章本身所提供的信息出发，运用逻辑思维，同时借助一定的常识进行分析、推理、判断。提问整篇文章或某句某段的含蓄意思时，问句中都含有infer,imply,indicate,suggest(推断，暗指)等词。对付这类题时我们不仅要弄懂文章字面的意思，更重要的是要知道文章潜在的含义，和作者所给的提示。同时要对文章的含义和作者的暗示作合理的猜测和推论。关键是：意思要靠推断得出，而不是原文照搬。这就要把握住文章的主题思想和每段的内容；明确作者的观点及其写作该文的目的；分析文章里所给的有关信息；注意词汇在词典的定义和词典以外的含义；最后运用自己的知识进行由表及里的逻辑推理，挖出文章的伏笔，得出正确的推论。　　这种问题的提问方式通常有：　　(1)Fromparagraph4wecaninferthat./Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?/Fromthelastparagraphwecaninferthat.(2)Wecaninferfromthetextthat…/Whatcanwelearnfrom…?/Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat…(3)Thelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphmostprobablyimpliesthat.　　(4)Theauthorimpliesthatbytheyear2080,.　　(5)Tosolvethepresentsocialproblemstheauthorsuggeststhatweshould.(6)Theauthormentionsthefactthat…toshow.(7)Thispassagewouldmostlikelybefoundin_________?(8)Theauthor’sattitudetoward…is_________?(9)Thetoneofthepassagecanbestbedescribedas_________?　　这些提问方式的答案一般在短文中不可能直接找到，必须根据提问中的某些关键字眼与短文中相应的有关内容加以逻辑推理或演算，从而得出某些作者并未说明却已在字里行间所暗含的意思及观点。具体的说，考生应当注意以下几点：c)首先要注意一定要忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据。立足已知，推断未知，遵循“词不离句，句不离段，段不离篇”的原则。千万不能主观臆想，凭空想象，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。a)要吃透文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕捉有用的提示和线索，这是推理的前提和基础。有的推断，考生完全可以根据文章中所阐述的细节，再结合自己所掌握的基础知识、有关背景知识或常识来帮助进行分析、推敲，从而得出符合文章原意的结论。b)146\n要对文字的表面信息进行挖掘加工，由表及里，由浅入深，从具体到抽象，从特殊到一般，通过分析、综合、判断等，进行深层处理，合乎逻辑地推理。不能就事论事，断章取义，以偏概全。d)要把握句、段之间的逻辑关系，了解语篇的结构，同时还要体会文章的基调，揣摩作者的态度，摸准逻辑发展方向，悟出作者的言外之意。e)在解答推理性问题时，一定要注意确定推理依据的位置或范围。应清楚所要解答的问题需要针对某个细节进行推断，还是针对主题思想、作者的意图进行推断。针对细节的推断可运用scanning的方法，迅速在材料中确定推理依据的位置或范围，然后再进行推理判断。针对主题思想作推断时，则常常要纵览全篇文章。以下介绍几种常见的推理判断题型：1．细节推断题要求考生根据语篇关系，推断具体细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件、具体信息等。考生要从文章本身所提供的信息出发，抓住关键的信息词，运用逻辑思维，并借助一定的常识进行分析、推理、判断。例题：(2008年全国卷I、IIB篇)MONTREAL(Reuters)–CrossingtheUS-Canadaborder(边界)togotochurchonaSundaycostaUScitizen$10,000forbreakingWashington’sstrictnewsecurity(安全)rules.TheexpensivetriptochurchwasasurpriseforRichardAlbert,wholivesrightontheCanadianborder.Liketheotherhalf-dozenpeopleofTownship15,crossingtheborderisadailyoccurrenceforAlbert.ThenearbyQuebecvillageofSt.Pamphileiswheretheyshop,eatandgotochurch.…59.WelearnfromthetextthatRichardAlbertis_______.A.anAmericanlivinginTownship15  B.aCanadianlivinginaQuebecvillageC.aCanadianworkinginacustomsstationD.anAmericanworkinginaCanadianchurch答案与解析：选A。根据第一段中的costaUScitizen$10,000可以推断出RichardAlbert是美国人，workinginaCanadianchurch与第二段后两句事实不符。2．因果推断题要求考生根据已知结果推测导致结果的可能原因或根据已有的原因推断可能的结果。考生要准确掌握文章的内涵，理解文章的真正含义。最关键的是要找准事物间存在的因果关系信息，根据已有信息，进行分析判断推理，从而推出最符合逻辑的原因或判断出最可能导致的结果。例题1：(2008年全国卷I、IIB篇)60.Albertwasfinedbecausehe________A.failedtoobeytrafficrules.B.broketheAmericansecurityrules.C.workedinSt.Pamphilewithoutapass.D.damagedthegateofthecustomsoffice.答案与解析：选B。从第一段得知Albert被海关罚了$10,000是因为breakingWashington’sstrictnewsecurity(安全)rules。例题2：（2008年全国高考—福建卷A篇）PaulZindel’sdeathonMarch27,2003endedthebrilliantlifeofafamouswriter.NotonlydidPaulZindelwinaPulitzerPrizeaswellasanObiePrizeforhis1970playThe146\nEffectofGammaRaysonMan-in-the-MoonMarigolds,butbewasoneoftheearliestwritersinthefieldofcontemporary（当代的）literatureforyoungadults（成人）.ThePigman,publishedin1968,isstilloneofthemostwell-knownandwidely-taughtnovelsinthegenre.TheAmericanLibraryAssociationhasnameditoneofthe100BestoftheBestBooksforYoungAdultspublishedbetween1967and1992,andZindel’sautobiography,ThePigmanandMe,wasamongthe100BestoftheBestBookspublishedforteenagersduringthelastpartofthetwentiethcentury.SixofZindel’sbooks,infact,havebeenvotedtheBestBooksforYoungAdults,andmostofhisrecenthorrorbooks-suchasTheDoomStoneandRats-havebeenchosenasQuickPicksforReluctantYoungAdultReaders.Clearly,hewasawriterwhoknewhowtointerestcontemporarychildren.Recognizingthat,theAmericanLibraryAssociationin2002honoredPaulZindelwiththeMargaretA.EdwardsPrizeforhislifetimeachievements,andlaterthatsameyearhewaspresentedwiththeALANPrizeforhiscontributionstoYoungAdultLiterature.Withhispassing,youngreaders,teachers,andlibrarianshavelostagreatfriend.57.WhywasPaulZindelhonoredwiththeMargaretA.EdwardsPrize?A.Hisbookswerewidelyreadbychildren.B.Hisbookswereinterestingandhelpfultoadults.C.Hemadegreatcontributionstocontemporaryliterature.D.Hewroteanumberofhorrorbooksforyoungadults.答案与解析：选C。从第二段第一句中的后半句…butbewasoneoftheearliestwritersinthefieldofcontemporary（当代的）literatureforyoungadults（成人）及倒数第二句前半句Recognizingthat,theAmericanLibraryAssociationin2002honoredPaulZindelwiththeMargaretA.EdwardsPrizeforhislifetimeachievements,可知PaulZindel是当代文学领域中最早期的作家之一,2002年美国文学协会授予他MargaretA.EdwardsPrize以表彰他毕生的成就。综合两部分考虑，可知选项C正确。从倒数第二句后半句andlaterthatsameyearhewaspresentedwiththeALANPrizeforhiscontributionstoYoungAdultLiterature.排除选项D。3．人物性格、心情处境、态度及观点等推断题高考阅读测试中有些题目考查学生对文章作者的主导思想、被描写人物语气、言谈话语中流露的情绪、性格倾向和作用或文中人物的态度、观点等方面的理解。做这一类题时一定注意：（1）由表及里地准确把握字里行间的意思，切勿用自己的主观想法或观点代替作者的思想观点。（2）特别注意那些描写环境气氛的语言，以及表达感情，态度观点的词语。要特别注意作者在文章中的措辞，尤其是感情色彩的形容词。（3）能结合自己平时积累的有关英语国家的文化传统、风俗习惯等背景知识来识别评价。例题1：（2008年全国高考—安徽卷E篇）Parentsshouldstopblamingthemselvesbecausethere’snotalottheycandoaboutit.Imeantheteenager(十几岁的孩子)problem.Whateveryoudoorhoweveryouchoosetodealwithit,atcertaintimesawonderful,reasonableandhelpfulchildwillturnintoaterribleanimal.I’veseenfriendsdealwithitinallkindsofdifferentways.Onestrictmotherinsistedthatherson,rightfromachild,shouldstandupwheneveranyoneenteredtheroom,opendoorsandshakehandslikeagentleman.IsawhimlastweekwhenIcalledround.Sprawlinghimself(懒散地躺)onthesofainfulllength,hemadenoattempttoturnofftheloudTVhewaswatchingasIwalkedin,andhisgreetingwasnomorethanaquickglanceatme.Hismotherwasashamed.“Idon’t146\nknowwhattodowithhimthesedays,”shesaid.“He’sforgottenallthemannerswetaughthim.”Hehasn’tforgottenthem.He’sjustdecidedthathe’snotgoingtousethem.Sheconfessed(坦白)thatshewouldliketocomeupbehindhimandthrowhimdownfromthesofaontothefloor.Anothergoodfriendofminelethertwodaughtersclimballoverthefurniture,reachacrossthetable,stareatmeandsay,“Idon’tlikeyourdress;it’sugly.”Oneofthedaughtershasrecentlybeendrivenoutofschool.Theotherhaslefthome.“Wheredidwegowrong?”herparentsarenowverysad.Probablynowheremuch.Atleast,nomorethantherestofthatunfortunaterace,parents.73.Theboyonthesofawouldmostprobablybedescribedas______.A.lazyB.quietG.unusualD.rude74.Fromthesecondexamplewecaninferthattheparentsofthetwodaughters______.A.paynoattentiontothemB.aretoobusytolookafterthemC.havecometohatethemD.feelhelplesstodomuchaboutthem75.Whatistheauthor’sopinionaboutthesuddenchangeinteenagechildren?A.Parentshavenochoicebuttotrytoacceptit.B.Parentsshouldpaystillsoreattentiontothechange.C.Parentsshouldworkmorecloselywithschoolteachers.D.Parentsareatfaultforthechangeintheirchildren.答案与解析：73.选D。此题属于“人物性格推断题”。从文中第二段“Onestrictmotherinsistedthatherson,rightfromachild,shouldstandupwheneveranyoneenteredtheroom,opendoorsandshakehandslikeagentleman.”以及其后的细节描述和该段最后一句话“He’sforgottenallthemannerswetaughthim.”可以看出：一位严厉的母亲想把她的孩子培养成绅士，但是她的孩子后来对客人的表现却是很不礼貌。74.选D。此题属于“人物心情处境推断题”。最后一段，“‘Wheredidwegowrong?’herparentsarenowverysad.”一句可推测这两位父母对他们学坏的女儿无可奈何，因此正确答案为D。75.选A。此题属于“态度及观点推断题”，文中第一句话“Parentsshouldstopblamingthemselvesbecausethere’snotalottheycandoaboutit.”就表明了作者的观点，父母不应当总是为此事而责怪自己。应当采取措施面对这个事情。然后最后又用了“Probablynowheremuch.Atleast,nomorethantherestofthatunfortunaterace,parents.”做总结，表明父母们不得不接受这个不好的事实。例题2：（2008年全国高考—北京卷C篇）Howcouldwepossiblythinkthatkeepinganimalsincagesinunnaturalenvironments－mostlyforentertainmentpurposes－isfairandrespectful?…Theanimalsarekepttogetherinsmallspaces,withnoprivacyandlittleopportunityformentalandphysicalexercise.Thisresultsinunusualandself-destructivebehaviorcalledzoochosis.Aworldwidestudyofzoosfoundthatzoochosisiscommonamonganimalskeptinsmallspacesorcages.Anotherstudyshowedthatelephantsspend22percentoftheirtimemakingrepeatedheadmovementsorbitingcagebars,andbearsspend30percentoftheirtimewalkingbackandforth,asignofunhappinessandpain.…64.Howwouldtheauthordescribetheanimals’lifeinzoos?A.Dangerous.B.Unhappy.C.Natural.D.Easy.146\n答案与解析：64.选B。此题属于“态度及观点推断题”，由本段中的第一句话keepinganimalsincagesinunnaturalenvironments，以及后文当中的Theanimalsarekepttogetherinsmallspaces,和asignofunhappinessandpain.可以推断出作者认为动物园中的动物的生活不幸福。4．篇章结构推断题根据不同文章的内容和写作目的，作者会采取记叙、描写、议论、说明或应用文体。作者也会采用叙述、例证、比较对照等不同的组织结构。不同文体的阅读难度、要求和任务不同，阅读方法也应不同。增强对篇章结构的理解能力有助于提高阅读质量。例题1：（2008年全国高考—湖北卷A篇）　Haveyoueverwonderedwhybirdssing?Maybeyouthoughtthattheywerejusthappy.Afterall,youprobablysingorwhistlewhenyouarehappy.　　Somescientistsbelievethatbirdsdosingsomeofthetimejustbecausetheyarehappy.However,theysingmostofthetimeforaverydifferentreason.Theirsingingisactuallyawarningtootherbirdstostayoutoftheirterritory.　　…59.Howdoesthewriterexplainbirds’singing?A.Bycomparingbirdswithhumanbeings.B.Byreportingexperimentresults.C.Bydescribingbirds’dailylife.D.Bytellingabird’sstory.答案与解析：由文章第一、二两段可知作者是把鸟儿和人类进行对比。例题2：（2008年全国高考—浙江卷C篇）Inthecourseofworkingmywaythroughschool,ItookmanyjobsIwouldratherforget.Butnoneofthesejobswasasdreadfulasmyjobinanappleplant.Theworkwashard;thepaywaspoor;and,mostofall,theworkingconditionswereterrible.Firstofall,thejobmadehugedemandsonmystrength……Istayedonthejobforfivemonths,allthewhilehatingthedifficultyofthework,thepoormoney,andtheconditionsunderwhichIworked.BythetimeIleft,Iwasdeterminednevertogobackthereagain.52.Howisthetextorganized?A.Topic—Argument—ExplanationB.Opinion—Discussion--DescriptionC.Mainidea—Comparison—SupportingexamplesD.Introduction—Supportingexamples—Conclusion答案与解析：选D。本题考查对语篇的结构理解。本文为记叙文的一般结构，本文叙述了作者上学时在一个苹果加工厂打工的经历。作者在第一段提出在苹果加工厂工作的辛苦，工资低和工作条件差（Theworkwashard;thepaywaspoor;and,mostofall,theworkingconditionswereterrible.），中间三段举例描述，最后一段得出“再也不愿意做”的结论（BythetimeIleft,Iwasdeterminednevertogobackthereagain.）。5．文章结论推断题由具体到一般，对已知的事实进行归纳总结性推断称为结论。例题：（2008年全国高考—广东卷D篇）In1837,thehistorianCarlylemadethefirstrecordeduseoftheword"queue"(排队).146\nHespokeoftheFrenchandtheir"habitofstandinginaqueue".FortyyearslaterPariswasthebestplacetowaitinline.However,queuingbecamepopularinBritaintoo.TheSecondWorldWarwasthegoldenageofqueuing,andpeoplejoinedanylineinthehopethatitwasaqueueforsomethingtobuy.ThiswasthesourceofmanySecondWorldWarjokes:Shopkeepertocustomer:Excuseme,miss,areyoupregnant(怀孕)?Customer:Well,Iwasn’twhenIjoinedthequeue.Today,accordingtoresearchinAmerica,we(inBritain)canspendupto5yearsofourlivesqueuing-ascomparedtotwelvemonthslookingforthingswehavelost.Butthingsmaybechanging.…Butsomepeoplejustlikequeuing.OnemanqueuedallnightforHarrodsfamousJanuarysale,andthenreturnedhomeforbreakfastatnineo’clockthenextmorningwithoutgoingintotheshop.71.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A.queuemanagementdoesn’tworkwellB.thereisstillqueuinginEnglandC.wedon’tseemuchqueuinginParisD.theFrenchlikequeuingmorethantheBritish答案与解析：.选B。文章结论推断题。文章最后说了“Butsomepeoplejustlikequeuing.”，该句表明在英国还是有人喜欢排队，因此排队仍然存在。6．预测题有些内容文章中没有明确说明，要求考生根据语篇，对事件可能的结局或下段可能涉及的内容等进行预测推理。常见的与预测相关的问题主要有：Whatinformationwillprobablybeprovidedfollowingthelastparagraph?Whatdoyouthinktheauthorismostlikelytosuggestifhecontinuestowrite?Whatwould…dointheend?对于这类问题的判断，做这类题时应常常要纵览全文，把握作者的写作思路（如文章可能按事件发展的经过描写，也可能按因果关系、对比关系来叙述），作者往往在前文提出几个要解决或说明的问题，提出几种观点看法，然后在下文一一解释说明，考生可通过文章，找出作者已经阐明了哪些问题或观点，然后接下去文章将会如何发展便一目了然了。例题1：（2004全国卷IB篇）GivingBackFairWayTheWestboroughHighSchoolgolfteamhadtakentheofficialphotoswiththestateprize.Theotherteams,disappointed,wereonthebusheadinghome.AndthenWestboroughinstructorGregRotanoticedsomethingwrongononeofthescorecards.A9hadbeenrecordedasa7.Theywerenotthestateprizewinner;WoburnHighhadwon.“Noonewouldhaveknown,“saidWoburn’sinstructor,BobDoran.ForRota,itwasn’tadifficultdecision:“Theprizewasn’tourstotake.”60.WhatdidGregRotaprobablydointheend?A.TookphotosofDoran.B.HadameetingwithDoran.146\nC.Returnedtheprizetotheorganizer.D.ApologizedtoWoburnHighSchool.61.GregRota’sdecisionshowsthathewas.A.honestB.politeC.carefulD.friendly答案与解析：60.选C。文章思路结局题。这篇阅读的主题是GiveBack（归还，回报），全文有三篇小短文，都是围绕这一主题展开的，这是其中的一篇。此题属于“结局推断题”。其结果文章并没有明显地表白，完全由人物的说话来推断。由fairway(公平，公正)，尤其是最后一句itwasn’tadifficultdecision:“Theprizewasn’tourstotake.”可知，Rota发现了记分错误，并决定把本不属于自己的奖还回组委会。61.选A。此题属于“人物性格推断题”。GregRota知道奖品本不该属于自己时就马上决定退回奖品，说明他很诚实。例题2：（2008年全国高考—上海卷C篇）ITHIRSTEachdaywater-relateddiseaseskill3,900ofworld’schildren.Acrosstheworld,1.1billionpeoplehavenoaccesstocleandrinkingwater.Morethan2.5billionpeoplelackbasicsanitation.(卫生设备)Thecombinationprovesdeadly.Eachyear,diseasesrelatedtoinadequatewaterandsanitationkillbetween2and5millionpeopleandcauseanestimated80percentofallsicknessesinthedevelopingworld.Safedrinkingwaterisapreconditionforhealthandthefightagainstchilddeathrate,inequalitybetweenmenandwomen,andpoverty.…Herearethreewaysyoucanhelp:1)WriteCongress…2)Sponsoraprojectwithafaith-basedorganization…3)SupportnonprofitwaterorganizationsNumerousU.S.-basednonprofitsworkskillfullyabroadincommunity-ledprojectsrelatedtodrinkingwaterandsanitation.Likethesampleofnon-profitsnotedasfollows:someorganizationsarelarge,othersmall-scale,someoperateworldwide,othersaredevotedtocertainareasinAfrica,Asia,orLatinAmerica.Supportthemgenerously.75.Whatinformationwillprobablybeprovidedfollowingthelastparagraph?A.Avarietyofcompaniesandtheirworldwideoperation.B.Alistofnonprofitwaterorganizationstomakecontactwith.C.SomewaystogetfinancialaidsfromU.S.Congress.D.Afewwaterresourcesexploitedbysomeworld-famousorganizations.答案与解析：选B。这是一篇广告，要求为全世界缺水或饮用水不安全的人捐献一份爱心。本题是一道预测题。根据最后一段Likethesampleofnon-profitsnotedasfollows:…一句可预测下一段将为读者提供的是“非赢利性组织名单”，以便捐献爱心的人和他们取得联系。因此正确答案选B。其他三个选项都与本广告的目的不符，故都排除。III.技能揭秘之三:主旨大意题解题技能高考阅读理解对文章的主旨大意进行命题，旨在考查考生通过对原文快速浏览正确获取语篇的大意，并对文章的主题、标题、段落、中心思想加以归纳理解以及辨别主要信息和次要信息的能力。要求考生在阅读短文时，能够提炼文章的中心情节，体会作者的主要意图，充分运用逻辑概括能力，透过字里行间获取文章最具代表性的观点、中心论点及作者的情感倾向。在高考阅读理解中，针对短文主旨常见的命题形式如下：146\n(1).Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?/Whatisthetopicofthetext?(2).Themaintopic/subjectofthepassageis_________.(3).Themainidea/Thegeneralideais/Themainthemeofthispassageis…(4).Thelastparagraphendsthepassagewithanemphasison_________.(5).Whatismainlydiscussedinthetext?(6).Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?(7)What’sthemainpointthewriteristryingtomakeinthelastparagraph?(8)Thepurposeofthispassageis.(9).Whichofthefollowingstatementsisbestsupportedbythetext?(10)Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizedthepassage?(11)Thepassagemainlyfocuseson.从上述命题形式可以看出，此类阅读测试题主要可概括为两大类，即怎样理解段落及文章整体的中心思想和怎样拟定或选择恰当的标题。下面结合高考题实例来具体分析此类题目的解题技巧。●怎样理解段落及文章整体的主旨大意——主题句定位法文章是由段落组成的。段落是发展一个主题的一群句子，段落围绕着中心思想展开，而段落的中心思想又是为文章整体的中心思想服务的。寻找具体段落的中心思想的方法是：通过分析篇章结构，找出每小段的主题句，通过主题句找出文章的主题。找准文章的主题句是确定文章主旨大意的关键。主题是文章要表达的中心思想，文章的主题句通常都有一个话题，它是文章的核心。“主题句定位法”是一种行之有效的方法。但是由于文章的不同，表现的手法也各有不同，主题句出现的位置也不是一成不变的。在许多情况下，尤其在阅读说明文和议论文时，根据其篇章特点我们可以通过寻找短文的主题句来归纳出文章的主题。主题句在文章中的位置通常有三种情况：开头、中间、结尾（含在开头结尾同时出现、首尾呼应的主题句）。因此，仔细阅读这类文章或段落的首尾句是关键。做主旨大意类试题多采用浏览法(skimming)，浏览时，一般不需逐句细读，只选读文章的首段、尾段，或每段的首句和尾句，重点搜索主题线索和主题信息。文章主题常常可以通过文章的写作方法来体现，有以下五种情况：1.正三解形写作法即中心主题句出现在文首。开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想。这是英语中最常见的演绎法写作方式，即由一般到特殊，先提出观点，后举例论证，主题句则出现在段首的写作方法。新闻报道通常就采用这种写法。新闻报道的首句通常称为“新闻导语”，“导语”实际上就是主题句，是对全文内容的高度概括。大意题、标题一般可在第一句话找到答题依据。例题：(2008年全国高考—重庆卷E篇)（备注：所有高考题均保留原题号。）Inmodernsocietythereisagreatdealofargumentaboutcompetition.Somevalueithighly,believingthatitisresponsibleforsocialprogressandprosperity.Otherssaythatcompetitionisbad;thatitsetsonepersonagainstanother;thatitleadstounfriendlyrelationshipbetweenpeople.…71.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout?A.Competitionhelpstosetupself-respect.B.Opinionsaboutcompetitionaredifferentamongpeople.C.Competitionisharmfultopersonalqualitydevelopment.D.Failuresarenecessaryexperienceincompetition.146\n答案与解析：选B。文中第一句便提出了中心论点。2.倒三角形写作法即主题句出现在文尾。在细节后，归纳要点、印象、结论、建议或结果，以概括主题。这是英语中最常见的归纳法写作方式，即细节表述的句子在前，概括性的句子居后，主题句则常位于末段。例题1：(2004年全国卷IVA篇)ThefamousAmericangorilla(大猩猩)expertDianeFosseyhadacompletelynewwaytostudygorillas—shepretendedtobeoneofthem.Shecopiedtheiractionsandwayoflife—eatingplantsandgettingdownonherhandsandkneestowalkthewayagorilladoes.Itwasanewrelationship.DianeFosseywasmurderedinRwandain1985andherstorywasmadeintothepopularfilmGorillasintheMist.ItwasalongwayfromKingKong,whichisaboutagorillaasamonster(afrighteninganimal),andhelpedtoshowanewidea:therealmonsterisman,whilethegorillaistobeadmired.Todaytherearethoughttobearound48,000lowlandgorillasandmaybe400—450mountaingorillasinthewild.FromtheCongoinWestAfrica,toRwandaandUgandafurthereast,theyareendangeredbyhuntingandbythecuttingdownoftheirforesthomes.Sometimeago,IfoundinmyletterboxalittlemagazinefromtheWorldWideFundforNature.Ithadtwophotossidebyside.Onewasofayounggorilla.“Thisisaspeciesofmammal(哺乳类动物),”saidthewordsbelowit.“Itisbeingdestroyedbyman.Wemustsaveitforourowngood.”Theotherphotoshowedahumanbaby.Thewordsalsoread,“Thisisaspeciesofmammal,”butthenwenton:“Itisthemostdestructive(破坏性的)onearth.Wemustretrainitforitsowngood.”56.Thetextmainlytalksabout_____.A.DianeFosseyB.thegorillasinRwandaC.theprotectionofthegorillasD.thefilmGorillasintheMist答案与解析：选C。文章第一段谈到DianeFossey大猩猩的研究；第二段谈到根据她的事迹所拍摄的影片；第三段谈到了大猩猩数量减少的原因；最后一段谈到保护大猩猩的宣传措施。前面三段都是为最后一段作铺垫的,从最后一段“Itisbeingdestroyedbyman.Wemustsaveitforourowngood.”可知，最主要的目的还是要人们保护大猩猩。例题2：OntheInternet,wecanreadnewsathomeandabroadandgetasmuchinformationaswecan.Weoftensende-mailsormaketelephonecallstoourfamiliesaswellastoourfriendsbyInternet.What’smore,wecangotoschoolonthenet,readalotofbooksandeventeachourselvesforeignlanguages.Wealsoenjoymusic,watchballmatchesonthenetandplaycomputergames.Withthehelpofthenet,wecandoshoppingevenwithoutleavingourhomes.TheInternetisplayingamoreandmoreimportantpartinourdailylife.1.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.KeepawayfromtheInternet.B.Surfthenet.C.TheInternetisplayinganimportantpartinourdailylife.D.WecanentertainourselvesontheInternet.答案与解析：选C。最后一句“TheInternetisplayingamoreandmoreimportantpartinourdailylife.”146\n（因特网在我们的生活中起着越来越重要的作用）是全文的主题句。A项（远离网络）与主题不符。B项（上网）过于笼统。D项（网上娱乐）只不过是短文中的一个细节，不全面。3.圆形写作法即首尾呼应的写作方法。为突出主题，作者先提出主题，结尾时再次点出主题，这种首尾呼应的写作方式也较为多见。通常，前后表述主题的句子不是简单的重复，后面的往往有进一步的引申或发展的意味。例题：Lacrosse(曲棍球)isapopularsportinCanada.TheIndiansinCanadainventedit.Theyusedittotrainforwar.TheyinventedthisgamebeforeColumbusarrivedintheNewWorld.Peopleplaylacrosseoutdoors.Thelacrossefieldissevenmeterslong.Ateachendofthefieldthereisagoal.Thegoalisanet.Therearetenplayersoneachteam.Eachplayerhasastickcalled“cross”.Theplayerhitaballintothenetasmanytimesaspossible.Lacrosseisaveryfastgamebecausetheplayerscancatchandpasstheballatahighspeedwiththeirsticks.Playersoftengetgreatfunitplayinglacrosse.TherearemanylacrosseclubsandlacrosseteamsalloverCanada.EverynightCanadianscanwatchthelacrossegamesonTVorlistentothelacrossegamesovertheradio.AtonetimelacrossewasthenationalsummersportinCanada.TodayitisstillpopularwithCanadians.1.Thepassageismainlyabout.A.HowtoPlayLacrosseB.LacrosseinCanadaC.TheHistoryofLacrosseD.Lacrosse—APopularGameinCanada答案与解析：选D。作者先后两次提到“长曲棍球在加拿大很受欢迎”，显然选项D最符合短文的主题。4.菱形写作法即主题句出现在文章的中间。通常前面只提出问题，文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出，而后又作进一步的解释、支撑或发展。例题：(2008年全国高考—江苏卷C篇)TheSaharaFestivalisacelebrationoftheveryrecentpast.Thethree-dayeventisnotfixedtothesamedateseachyear,butgenerallytakesplaceinNovemberorDecember.Itiswellattendedbytourists,butevenbetterattendedbylocals.Duringtheopeningceremonies,aftertheofficialgreetingsfromthegovernmentleaders,peoplewhoattendthefestivalbegintomarchsmartlybeforetheviewingstands,andwhitecamelstransporttheirridersacrossthesands.Horsemenfromdifferentnationsdisplaytheirbeautifulclothesandtheirfinehorsemanship.Onefollowinganother,groupsofmusiciansanddancersfromallovertheSaharataketheirturntoshowofftheirwonderfultraditionalculture.Groupsofmeninblueandyellowplayhornsandbeatdrumsastheydanceindifferentdesigns.Ontheirkneesinthesand,agroupofwomeninlongdarkdressesdancewiththeirhair:theirlong,dark,shinyhairisthrownbackandforthinthewindtotherhythmoftheirdance.…67.Thispassagemainlytellsreaders_______.A.whathappensontheopeningdayoftheSaharaFestivalB.howpeoplecelebrateduringthethree-daySaharaFestivalC.whattakesplaceattheclosingceremoniesoftheSaharaFestivalD.howanimalsraceonthefirstandthelastdaysoftheSaharaFestival146\n答案与解析：从文中第二段第一句话“Duringtheopeningceremonies,”可以看出，本文主要是介绍“撒哈拉节”开幕式上的活动。答案选A。5.正方形写作法即中心主题隐含在全文之中，没有明确的主题句。阅读这样的文章，就要求考生根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是，先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几个方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。该类型的试题则迎刃而解。例题1：(2008年全国高考—安徽卷C篇)Handshaking,thoughaEuropeanpracticeisoftenseeninbigcitiesofChina.NobodyknowsexactlywhenthepracticestartedinEurope.ItissaidthatlonglongagoinEuropewhenpeoplemet,theyshowedtheirunarmed(无武器的)handstoeachotherasasignofgoodwill.Astimewentonandtradeincitiesgrewrapidly,peopleincitiesbegantoclapeachother’shandstomakeadealortoreachanagreement.Thispracticewaslaterchangedintoshakinghandsamongfriendsonmeetingorleavingeachother.“Let’sshake(hands)onit”sometimesmeansagreementreached.DotheEuropeansshakehandswherevertheygoandwithwhomevertheymeet?No.SometimestheChineseabroadreachouttheirhandstoooftentobepolite.Itisreallyveryimpolitetogiveyourhandwhentheotherparty,especiallywhenitisawoman,showslittleinterestinshakinghandswithyouandwhenthemeetingdoesnotmeananythingtohimor-her.Evenif,forpoliteness,heholdsouthisunwillinghandinanswertoyouruninvitedhand,justtouchitslightly.Thereisgenerallyamisunderstanding(误解)amongtheChinesethatwesternersareusuallyopenandstraightforward,whiletheChineseareratherreserved(保守的)inmanner.ButinfactsomepeopleinwesterncountriesmorereservedthansomeChinesetoday.Soitisagoodideatoshakehandswithawesterneronlywhenheshowsinterestinfurtherrelationswithyou.65.Thefirstparagraphmainlytellsus______.A.wherehandshakingwasfirstpractisedB.howhandshakingcameaboutC.abouttherelationshipbetweenhandshakingandtradeD.aboutthepracticeofhandshakingbothinEuropeandinChina答案与解析：选B。主旨大意题。在文章第一段说明了握手的来历。实际上也就是谈论握手是怎样产生的。67.Themainpurposeofthetextis______.A.totellussomedifferencesbetweentheEastandtheWestB.toofferussomeimportantfactsabouthandshakingC.tointroduceustosomedifferentcustomsintheWestD.togiveussomeadvicebeforewetravelabroad答案与解析：选B。主旨大意题。本文没有明确的主题句，中心主题隐含在全文之中。明显的主题句。通读全文后可知，文章主要是给我们介绍了握手的一些具体事实。由此可知答案B正确。例题2：(2008年全国高考—山东卷A篇）LastAugust,JoeandMaryMahoneybeganlookingatcollegesfortheir17-year-olddaughter,Maureen.Withachecklistofcriteriainhand,theDallasfamilylookedaroundthecountryvisitinghalfadozenschools.Theysoughtauniversitythatofferedtheteenager’sintendedmajor,one146\nlocatedneatalargecity,andacampuswheretheirdaughterwouldbesafe.“Thesafetyissueisabigone,”saysJoeMahoney,whoquicklydiscoveredhewasn’taloneinhisworries.Oncampustoursotherparentsvoicedsimilarconcerns,andthesamequestionwasalwaysasked:whataboutcrime?Butwhencollegeofficialsalwaysgavethesameanswer——“That’snotaproblemhere,”——Mahoneybegantofeeluneasy.“Nocrimewhatsoever?”commentsMahoneytoday.“Ijustdon’tbuyit.”Norshouldhe:in1999theU.S.Departmentofeducationhadreportsofnearly400,000seriouscrimesonoraroundourcampuses.“Parentsneedtounderstandthattimeshavechangedsincetheywenttocollege,”saysDavidNichols,authorofCreatingaSafeCampus.“Campuscrimemirrorstherestofthenation.”Butgettingaccurateinformationisn’teasy.Collegesmustreportcrimestatistics(统计数字)bylaw,butsomeholdbackforfearofbadpublicity,leavingthehonestoneslookingdangerous.“Thetruthmaynotalwaysbeserious,”warmsS.DanielCarterofSecurityonCampus,Inc.,thenation’sleadingcampussafetywatchdoggroup.Tohelpconcernedparents,Carterpromisedtovisitcampusesandtalktoexpertsaroundthecountrytofindoutmajorcrimeissuesandeffectivesolutions.60.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.ExactcampuscrimestatisticsB.CrimesonoraroundcampusesC.EffectivesolutionstocampuscrimeD.Concernsaboutkids’campussafety答案与解析：选D。该篇文章没有明显的主题句，但通过对文章四段的主旨分析，很容易得出全文紧紧围绕“关注大学校园安全问题（Concernsaboutkids’campussafety）”。●怎样选择或拟定文章的标题对文章主旨大意的考察，不仅可以直接以理解段落及文章的主旨大意的形式出现，而且也可以用选择或拟定文章标题的形式出现。因此，选择文章标题，首先可以按照主旨大意的确定方式，先弄清文章的主旨大意，再定标题。标题位于文章之首，用来高度概括文章内容，点明文章主题。它是段落中心思想最精练的表达形式。标题可帮助读者迅速推测出整篇文章的主要内容，抓住文章的中心，把握作者的观点和意图。那么如何选择文章的标题呢？首先，要考虑标题对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何。一般要求能覆盖全文内容，体现文章主旨。要避免下列三种情况：①概括不够（多表现为部分代整体，从而导致范围太小）；②过度概括（多表现为脱离本文章内容的发挥）；③以事实、细节替代抽象具体的大意。其次，要考虑标题的针对性，即标题范围要恰当，针对性强。要在阅读原文的基础上，仔细考虑所选标题与文章主题是否有密切的关系。既不能太大，也不能太小，太大则中心就不突出，太小也发挥不了应起的作用；精确度高，不能随意改变语言的表意程度及色彩。它可以是单词、短语，也可以是句子。再次要注意标题的醒目性，标题的选择要简洁、突出、新颖，标题是文章的点睛之笔，是文章的灵魂和门面。标题的好坏往往影响了文章的可读性，读者常常从标题上决定文章的阅读取舍。故标题一般比较醒目，甚至比较离奇，以此来吸引读者对文章的兴趣。最后要注意，要恰当地选好标题，还需要了解标题的基本拟定方法。一般说来，拟定标题是以话题为核心，与控制性概念的词按一定的语法浓缩为概括主题句或中心思想的词组。比如某一文章的中心句为：CHINAissuedthefirstsetofstampsdepictingthetop128ChinesefamilynamesonThursdayNov.18th2004inBeijing.话题：Stamps146\n控制性概念：CHINAissuedthefirstsetofstampsdepictingthetop128Chinesefamilynames标题：Chinaissued1stsetofstampsonfamilynames例题1：(2008年全国高考—江西卷A篇)Hewishestheholidayseasonwouldendalready.Hisbackaches,hisredsuitfeelslikeaspacesuit,hischeekshavegonetightfromsmilingfor12hours…Thequestionsfromchildrenthesedaysareharderthanever.Now,withthousandsofchildrenexpectingafatherormotherservinginIraqorAfghanistan,thequestionsareasheart-breakingastheyareunanswerable.Forexample,“CanyoupleasebringDaddyhomefromthewarintimeforChristmasmorning?”Santasalsohaveaprettygoodchanceofgettingsued(指控)…59．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．Christmas:NotaGoodFestivalforSantasB．IsSantaClausReallyAlive?C．AChristmasStoryD．WhatDoesSantaClausDoforChildren?答案与解析：选A。通览全文，由第一段首句“Hewishestheholidayseasonwouldendalready.Hisbackaches”，第二段首句“Thequestionsfromchildrenthesedaysareharderthanever.”以及第三段首句“Santasalsohaveaprettygoodchanceofgettingsued(指控).”，不难看出本文主要讲述圣诞老人的辛苦。A选项最恰当。文中没有谈及B选项内容，C选项标题范围太大,没有针对性，D选项没有概括文中内容。例题2：（2008年全国卷IIIA篇）Everyyearonmybirthday,fromthetimeIturned12,awhitegardeniawasdeliveredtomyhouse.NocardcamewithitCallstotheflower-shopwerenothelpfulatall.AfterawhileIstoppedtryingtodiscoverthesender’snameandjustdelightedinthebeautifulwhiteflowerinsoftpinkpaper.ButIneverstoppedimaginingwhothegivermightbe.Someofmyhappiestmomentswerespentdaydreamingaboutthesender.Mymotherencouragedtheseimaginings.She’daskmeiftherewassomeoneforwhomIhaddonespecialkindness.PerhapsitwastheoldmanacrossthestreetwhosemailI’ddeliveredduringthewinter.Asagirl,though,IhadmorefunimaginingthatitmightbeaboyIhadruninto.Onemonthbeforemygraduation,myfatherdied.IfeltsosadthatIbecamecompletelyuninterestedinmyupcominggraduationdance,andIdidn’tcareifIhadanewdressornot.Butmymother,inherownsadness,wouldnotletmemissanyofthosethings.Shewantedherchildrentofeellovedandlovable.Intruth,mymotherwantedherchildrentoseethemselvesmuchlikethegardenialovely,strongandperfectwithperhapsabitofmystery(神秘)MymotherdiedtendaysafterIwasmarried.Iwas22.Thatwastheyearthegardeniastoppedcoming.41.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AchildhoodDream.B.AMother’sLove.C.AGraduationParty.D.ASpecialBirthday.答案与解析：选B。本题考察了篇章理解和主旨概括能力。结合整篇，尤其是最后一段不难看出母亲对女儿的一片良苦用心。“母爱”这一标题简洁、形象又能突出本文主题。146\nIV.技能揭秘之四:词义猜测题解题技能历年来高考试题中的生词量有增无减。《教学大纲》要求学生“读懂生词率不超过3%的传记、故事、记叙文、科普小品文和有关社会文史知识等不同题材的材料。”在英语阅读训练和测试中的生词障碍往往会成为学生理解的“绊脚石”，这些“绊脚石”的出现大致分五类：1．旧词新义，考查词汇表中未出现的词义；如：NearbyistheIndianapolisracecourse,wherethenation’smostfamouscarraceisheldeachyearonMay30th.我们学过course的意思是“过程，课程”等，在此显然不符句意。根据上下文course是汽车赛举行的地方，可推断course在该句是“车道”或“跑道”的意思。2．合成词、转化词与派生词，如shoplifting，heartbroken，computer-literate，decision-thinking，imperfect等；3．“灵活”的常用词增多，这些词必须根据具体的上下文语境才能正确理解；4．“新鲜”的外国人名、地名、专有名称增多，这些词有些带有一定的文化背景5．超纲生词。如：NMET2002《大纲》之外的和熟词新意的生词达57个，NMET2003年除52个专有名词和15个注汉字的生词外，还有52个生词(含熟词生义)。有的学生在阅读训练和测试中存在着“生词恐惧心理”，一遇到生词就有读不下去的感觉。那么阅读理解时遇到大量生词该怎么办?查词典当然是排除词义障碍的一种方法，当然这只有在平常的阅读训练中才可以使用。但是，频繁的查阅词典既影响阅读速度，又容易破坏学生阅读的思路和兴趣。况且，一词多义是英语词汇的主要特点，词典不一定能为学生提供单词在特定的上下文中的具体或确切的含义。平时的练习中遇到生词不要马上查词典，可以通过一定的方法来猜测理解。猜测词义不仅是一项阅读技巧，也是高考阅读能力考查的一个方面，每年在高考阅读中都有猜测词义的试题。掌握正确方法快速而又准确地猜测出生词的含义，对提高阅读速度和答题效率相当重要。该类题常见的考查形式有：A.Thephrase“…”inthesentencecouldbereplacedby____.B.Theword“…”intheparagraphrefersto____.C.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordintheparagraph?/Whatdoestheunlinedwordmean?D.Whichofthefollowingistheclosestinmeaningtothephrase“…”?E.Theword“…”mostnearlymeans____.对此类试题，考生应该进行大胆猜测，但这种猜测不是胡乱的，盲目的，而是有一定的方法和技巧。下面介绍十种常见的猜测词义的方法供同学们加以运用。1．构词法猜词阅读中常常会遇到一些由熟悉的单词派生或合成的新词。掌握构词法对猜测词义很有帮助。如：unforeseeable.这个词，可以根据构词法把它拆成un,fore,see,able；其中see是词根，fore是“先，前，预”的含义，un是否定，able是“能……的，可……的”，因此unforeseeable是“未能预见到的”意思。例题1：（2008年全国高考—重庆卷D篇）…Thereasonsforavisittoalighthousearenotallsobackward-lookingintime.Itistruethatlighthouseswerebuiltinout-of-the-wayplaces.Butonapleasantsunnysummerday,thisveryisolationhasanaturalbeautythatmanypeoplewilllovetoexperience.…68.Theunderlinedphrase“out-of-the-way”inParagraph4means____________.A.far-awayB.dangerousC.ancientD.secret分析：选A。由合成词out-of-the-way的原意以及下句中的isolation一词，可知灯塔在一个“孤零零”的地方。146\n例题2：（2004年全国高考—重庆卷D篇）…Bakerconcludesthatpeopledonothavetheabilitytosensewhenthey’rebeingstaredat.Ifpeopledoubttheoutcomeofhistwoexperiments,saidBaker,“Isuggesttheyrepeattheexperimentsandseeforthemselves.”70.Theunderlinedword“outcome”inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans.A.valueB.resultC.performanceD.connection分析：选B。运用“构词法”进行猜测。动词词组comeout的意义为“露出、出现、显露出”。再根据句子的语境，可猜测出其意义是：(实验的)结果。2．利用同义近义词猜词在生词所出现的上下文中，有时会出现与之同义或近义的词语或结构，这时可从熟悉的词语中推知生词的含义。统称在词或短语之间有并列连词and或or，这些词语或短语在句中作相同的成分，并且and或or连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此确定同等关系中的某个生词所属的义域，甚至推出它的大致词义。例题1：Animalshavedifferentlivinghabits.Someliketolookforfoodatdaytimeandsleepatnight,butsomeliketosleepatdaytimeandprowlatnight.分析：通过这些并列句可以看出prowl与lookforfood是同义近义词，词义也应该是“寻找食物”。例题2：(2003全国卷C篇)…Fermat’sLastTheorem（定理）,firstputforwardbytheFrenchmathematicianPierredeFermatintheseventeenthcentury,thetheoremhadbaffledandbeatenthefinestmathematicalminds,includingaFrenchwomanscientistswhomadeamajoradvanceinworkingouttheproblem,andwhohadtodresslikeamaninordertobeabletostudyattheEcolePolytechnique.…65.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainsthemeaningoftheword“baffle”asitisusedinthetext?A.Toencouragepeopletoraisequestions.B.Tocausedifficultyinunderstanding.C.Toprovideapersonwithanexplanation.D.Tolimitpeople’simagination.答案与解析：由句中不难看出Fermat的定理使得最具数学头脑的科学家绞尽脑汁（beat），并且在句中beaten和baffled处于同等的并列关系，根据这一信息可以推出baffle表示“使困惑、难倒、难以理解”的意思。3．利用反义词猜词对比是描述，说明事物的常用方式。在对比中，对比的事物是互为相反的，因此根据反义或对比关系可从已知推出未知。利用反义词来说明生词的意义，如反义词hotandcold,perfectandimperfect，甚至前、后句为肯定与否定或是与不是等，在句内词与词之间，在段内句与句之间的关系上起着互为线索的作用。例题1：Unlikehergregarioussister,Janeisshy,unsociablepersonwhodoesnotliketogotopartiesortomakenewfriends.分析：此句是把Jane与她姐妹对比。Jane生性腼腆，不爱交际，而她姐姐却与之相反，那就是“爱交际的”了，这也就猜出gregarious的词义了。例题2：Inmanynationstherearetwofinancialextremes(极端),frompenurytogreatwealth.分析：penury:thestateofbeingverypoor;poverty(贫穷;贫困)146\n例题3：(2002全国高考卷E篇)Achild’sbirthdaypartydoesn’thavetobeahassle;itcanbeabasketoffun,accordingtoBethAnaclerio,anEvastonmotheroftwo,ages4and18months.…74.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hassle”probablymean?A.Apartydesignedbyspecialists.B.Aplanrequiringcarefulthought.C.Asituationcausingdifficultyortrouble.D.Ademandmadebyguests.答案与解析：根据前句的否定doesn’t与后句的肯定canbe这一对比关系，可以判断出，为了庆祝孩子的生日，又不至于麻烦，可以买一个生日开心包。Hassle的意思应该与fun相反，而与difficulty,trouble相近。答案为C。4．利用上下文语境猜词任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整整篇文章有关。利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义，是阅读过程中的一大关键，这也是近年来高考考查的热点。例题1：（2008年全国高考—湖南卷B篇）…Charlotte’stalewasinspiredbythegirls’coincollection."We’vecollectedforeigncoinsforyears–sinceourfamilieswentonholidaytoTenerife."sheexplains."ThatwasbeforetheEuro,soweputpesetasin.…60.Theunderlinedword"pesetas"inParagraph2isakindof_____.A.storyB.collectionC.inspirationD.foreigncoin答案与解析：选D。由原文中的Euro(欧元，欧洲统一货币)可推知该词是一种在欧元发行前使用的钱币。例题2：（2008年全国高考—江西卷D篇）…Theplantsareaboutonemeterapart.Theplantisoftenprunedsothatitremainsonly60to90centimetershigh.Pruningisimportantbecauseitencouragesthegrowthoftendershoots,oryoungleaves.Itisfromtheseshootsthatthebestteaisgot.…68．Inthefirstparagraph,theword“pruning”means.　　A．regularcuttingoftheplants　　B．frequentwatering　　C．regularuseofchemicals　　D．growingtheplantshighinthemountain答案与解析：选A。由此段中的①Theplantisoftenprunedsothatitremainsonly60to90centimetershigh.②Pruningisimportantbecauseitencouragesthegrowthoftendershoots,oryoungleaves.便可猜出Pruning的词义为“剪枝．修剪”。例题3：（2008年全国高考—上海卷B篇）…“But,”saidKim,“Ifeelthatsinceyouaremysuperior,itwouldbepresumptuousofmetotellyouwhattodo.”…70.Theword“presumptuous”inthemiddleofthepassageisclosestinmeaningto“_____”.A.fullofrespectB.tooconfidentandrudeC.lackinginexperienceD.tooshyandquiet答案与解析：选B。有时可以通过因果关系的语境来判断，因果关系的语境，通常由146\nbecause,so,therefore,so/such…that…等连词来体现。本文中，在Kim看来．因为对方（Williams）是自己的上司，告诉上司去做什么，会显得不礼貌(rude)、自负（tooconfident）。例题4：（2008年全国高考—山东卷A篇）…“Nocrimewhatsoever?”commentsMahoneytoday.“Ijustdon’tbuyit.”Norshouldhe:in1999theU.S.Departmentofeducationhadreportsofnearly400,000seriouscrimesonoraroundourcampuses.…58.Theunderlinedword“buy”inthethirdparagraphmeans_______A.mindB.admitC.believeD.expect答案与解析：选C。buy原意为“买，购买”，在此处根据语境可知意为“相信”。从本段第一句话可知，Mahoney持怀疑态度。后面列举的。400,000这个数字也表示出他的不相信。特别提醒：在做英语阅读理解题时，一定要注意熟词生义！这类猜词题也常见于各年高考题当中。熟词生义比生词本身的障碍要大得多。原因有三：其一，高考对生词的数量有数量的规定，不得超过3％；其二，熟词生义很容易引起考生的误解；其三，熟词生义的数量没有限制。如果这种现象在一篇文章中出现得多，那就更难理解了。5．利用定义和解释猜词有些文章，特别是科技文章，通常会对一些关键词给予定义，我们可以利用定义来猜测这些词的意思。释义法就是根据文章中的字里行间，对生词以定语（从句）、表语甚至用逗号、破折号等标点符号引出并加以解释说明的方式。例题1：Wrestlingisthegamewhichisplayedbytwostrongpeople;oneplayertriedtogettheotherdownonthefloor.分析：通过后面的定义解释：Wrestling是“两人进行的，彼此尽力把对方弄倒在地的比赛”，可以猜出wrestling是“摔跤；摔角”。例题2：Scientistsgrowlargequantitiesofcommonmouldsothattheycangetpenicillinfromitinordertomakeantibiotics,thatis,substancesthatkillgerms.分析：antibiotic:amedicalsubstance,suchaspenicillinproducedbylivingthingsandabletostopthegrowthof,ordestroy,harmfulbacteriathathaveenteredthebody(抗生素;抗生菌)例题3：(2002年全国高考卷B篇)“Organicproduceisalwaysbetter,”Goldsaid.“Thefoodisfreeofpesticides(农药),andyouaregenerallysupportingfamilyfarmsinsteadoflargefarms.Andmoreoftenthannotitislocally(本地)grownandseasonal,soitismoretasty.”Goldisoneofagrowingnumberofshoppersbuyingintotheorganictrend,andsupermarketsacrossBritainarecountingonmorelikehimastheygrowtheirorganicfoodbusiness.62.Whatisthemeaningof“theorganictrend”asthewordsareusedinthetext?A.Growinginterestinorganicfood.B.Betterqualityoforganicfood.C.Risingmarketfororganicfood.D.Higherpricesoforganicfood.答案与解析：由Goldisoneofagrowingnumberofshoppersbuyingsomething可以推断出，越来越多的顾客像Gold一样开始购买有机食物，其实也就是对这类食物产生了越来越浓厚的兴趣。答案为A。6．利用例证猜词为了说明或证实，文章中经常会举例，往往用来列举说明前面较难理解的词，这些例子可帮助我们猜测生词。举例时，常常会用一些连接性的词，如：suchas,like,forexample,forinstance等。例题1：IhavefoundLucyisquitegenerous,forexample,whenevershemeetsabeggar,she146\ngivessomecoinstohim.分析：通过例句“每次遇到乞丐，她都会给一些硬币”可以猜测出“Generous”的词义应该是“慷慨的”。例题2：Youcantakeanyoftheperiodicals：TheWorldOfEnglish,ForeignLanguageTeachingInSchool,orEnglishLearning.分析：通过后面的举例：《英语世界》，《中小学外语教学》，《英语学习》，说明periodicals为“期刊杂志”。7．根据复述或同等关系猜测词义为了强调某个观点或把某事叙述得更明白，作者有时运用不同语句来复述同一概念，这时可以利用这些重复和表达形式的变化来猜测词义。虽然复述不如定义那样严谨、详细，但是提供的信息足以使阅读者猜出生词词义。复述部分可以适当词、短语或是从句。同等关系是指一个词、一个词组或短语在句中作同一成分，而且他们的词义属于同一范畴。只要我们认出其中一个或几个词或短语，即可以确定同等关系中生词的词性，作用和大概的意思。例题1：（2008年全国高考—江苏卷E篇）WilliamShakespearesaid,“Thewebofourlifeisofamingledyarn(纱线),goodandilltogether.’’74.Theunderlinedword"mingled"inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans________.A.simpleB.mixedC.sadD.happy答案与解析：选B。由“amingledyarn”后文的“goodandilltogether”重复说明可以知道mingled含义和mixed（混合的）最接近。例题2：Capacitance,ortheabilitytostoreelectriccharge,isoneofthemostcommoncharacteristicsofelectroniccircuits.分析：由同位语我们很快猜出生词capacitance词义---电容量。　　需要注意的是：同位语前还常有or,similarly,thatistosay,inotherwords,namely等副词或短语出现。例题3：Semantics,thestudyofthemeaningofwords,isnecessaryifyouaretospeakandreadintelligently.分析：此例逗号中短语意为“对词意义进行研究的学科”。该短语与前面生词semantics是同位关系，因此我们不难猜出semantics指“语义学”。在复述中构成同位关系的两部分之间多用逗号连接，有时也使用破折号，冒号，分号，引号，和括号等。8．利用词义搭配关联猜词任何一个单词在句子中总是与其他词相关联的，我们可以通过这些前后的关联来猜测生词的词义。例题：Iwishthismedicinemayreallycuremybackache.分析：通过cure前面的“这种药”和后面的“我的背疼”，很容易地判断出cure的词义为“治好”。9．根据语义转折猜词有时文章的作者为了增强表达效果，会用一些含有表示意思转折的连词，副词或短语。如：though,although,still,but,yet,instead,insteadof,however,while,onthecontrary,ontheotherhand,unlike,ratherthan,foronething,foranother等，我们可以根据转折意思猜测词义。例题（2008年全国高考—广东卷B篇）…UnlikevitaminC,leadershipskillscan’tbeeasilyswalloweddown.Theymustbe146\ncarefullycultivated.Differentfrompopularbelief,mostgoodleadersaremade,notborn.Theylearntheirskillsintheireverydaylives.Butwhichdotheydevelop?Howdothey(andhowcanyou)getotherstofollow?…60.Theunderlinedword"cultivated"(paragraph1)roughlymeans_______.A.encouragedB.comparedC.examinedD.developed答案与解析：选D。从上句的对比可知，领导能力不是“swalloweddown”，而是慢慢培养的。从第二段第一句“Differentfrompopularbelief,mostgoodleadersaremade,notborn.Theylearntheirskillsintheireverydaylives.Butwhichdotheydevelop?”也可以得到启发。例题2：（2008年全国高考—北京卷D篇）…Howeverobviousthesefactsmayappearatfirstglance,theyareactuallynotsoobviousastheyseemexceptwhenwetakespecialpainstothinkaboutthesubject.…71.InParagraph3,“takespecialpains”probablymeans“_____”.A.tryveryhardB.takeourtimeC.areveryunhappyD.feelespeciallypainful答案与解析：选A。由However从句当中的atfirstglance（乍一眼看上去），与下文中的takespecialpains进行对比，既然不是一眼就看出那么简单，那么自然要费力去想了。由此可以推断出A项为最佳选项。10．利用经验和常识猜词例题1：YoungHooverdied.Overathousandpeopleattendedhisfuneral.分析：通过“年轻的Hoover去世了”，根据我们的常识猜测出一千多人参加的应该是他的“葬礼”。例题2：Allthehousesinthecitycollapsedduringthestrongearthquake.分析：凭经验我们知道：强烈地震会使房子倒塌。据此很容易猜出collapsed是“倒塌”的意思了。例题3：（2004年全国高考—北京卷C篇）…“Iwasonthewaytoapersonal-injuryaccidentinWestNashville.AsIgotontoHighway40,bluelightsandsirens(警笛)going,IfellinbehindagoldPontiacFirebirdthatsuddenlyseemedtotakeoffquicklydownthehighway.Thedriversomehowpanickedatthesightofme.Hewasgoingmorethanahundredmilesanhourandbeganpassingcarsontheshoulder.”(2004年北京高考题)63.Themeaningof“panicked”inParagraph2isrelatedto___________.A.shameB.hateC.angerD.fear答案与解析：根据本段内容描述，可以知道panicked意思是“惊慌”，相当于fear。最后提醒考生，掌握了一定的生词推测技巧后，也不要去“死抠”个别词，除了人名、地名等一些专有名词不必去细究每一处，那些一时难以断定其意思却又不妨碍理解或答题的生词，大可不必理会。当然，做完题之后，可以查阅字典，一方面可以检测自己的推断是否正确，另外，可把一些单词、短语记在专门的本子上，以后经常积累并复习这些词汇（注：最好连同文章中的句子一起摘抄下来）。这样对今后的阅读将会有一定的帮助。因为考试没有很多时间去推测大量的单词，平时一定要尽可能地去积累并熟背大量的单词、短语，经典句子甚至文章。146\n六、英语高考阅读理解备考建议：首先，在平时要加强阅读。养成每天朗读的习惯以增强记忆，最好还要非常熟练地背一些文章，这样有助于增强语感；有了语感，对篇章的理解就会加强。对初学者，朗读与背诵尤为重要，但实际上对于任何层次上已经熟练掌握外语的人，经常练习朗读同样非常必要；但为培养阅读能力，还是要求尽量做到默读。另外阅读时还要注意：尽可能减少回读，不要用手或用笔指着文章逐词阅读。不要边读边翻译，也不要边读边分析句型搭配，要尽量学会用英语思考问题。要养成良好的阅读习惯，并每天看一到两篇短文，注重对文章主旨的理解，在平时逐步培养分析、判断、归纳和概括的能力。不少同学喜欢找一些阅读理解的书，但我们要明白阅读理解能力的提高不是靠做题来提高的，而是要通过一定阅读量的输入，阅读理解能力的培养和提高都不能单靠课堂，不能靠做题，而是在很大程度上靠课外阅读。其次，考生要培养一定的阅读兴趣。阅读能力与兴趣有关，阅读的兴趣越高，动机愈强，越有利于广泛阅读、提高技能、培养和改善阅读习惯。兴趣是阅读爱好者的内在动因，但兴趣并非与生俱来，而需经过后天培养发展。我们不仅要学会阅读，还要乐于阅读，从被动到主动。再次，丰富的词汇、扎实的基础语法知识(特别是构词法知识、句法分析能力等)都是必不可少的。没有一定的词汇量就不能进行大量的阅读，太多的生词障碍还会造成一定的心理障碍，随着词汇量的扩大，语义、句法知识的增强和阅读技能的提高，阅读速度逐渐同理解速度同步发展，读得越好，理解也越快。另外，长句的出现必然对我们的句法分析能力提出更高的要求，长句往往是初学者在阅读理解中的拦路虎，所以，倘若我们具备准确找出长句最后，我们要努力使自己的语言基础扎实。语言基础是指已掌握的语言知识和言语技能。阅读技能是言语技能的一部分，是可以通过语言学习来掌握的，而且言语技能的提高对阅读能力的提高也有重要促进，反之，阅读能力提高对其他言语技能的发展会发生一定的核心的能力，有些问题就能迎刃而解。促进作用。所以阅读能力是不可能离开语言基础而发展的，语言基础好，阅读技能发展就快，因而从提高语言基础着手，进一步培养阅读能力是必要的。此外，我们还应在一定量的阅读基础上，再进行一定量的专项训练，注意对文章的阅读方法、技巧进行归纳，才能确定正确的解题思路和练习有效的解题技巧。这里提醒大家一句，阅读理解一般要遵循“词不离句，句不离段，段不离篇”这一分析原则，任何阅读技巧一般都要以此为依据，千万不要凭空想象，以自己的观点、看法代替作者的观点、看法。一般地，我们可以以文章为中心，沿着“文章—题目—文章”的思路解题。一开始做阅读理解题就先读短文，寻找话题，抓住大意，留心每篇文章的标题、首句和尾句，理顺脉络，并且要注意文章中的承接语，借助于它们的提示，分析段落结构，分清层次，确定文章的主题思想和细节。其次再读题目，一一看清阅读选项，分清试题种类；若是客观理解题，要仔细研究相关句子和段落，抓住支撑的有用信息；若是主观理解题，必须依靠原文，按事实，挖掘文章内涵，进行合理推断；我们还可以以快速阅读为基础，灵活交替运用浏览、跳读，句意揣摩和细读等技巧。另外，可以话题为主线，可以题目内容特点为着眼点，从而扣住解题的关键。任何事物都有其特点，抓住了特点就抓住了问题的关键。七、学习成果综合检测1.Mostpeopleagreethatthedirect,assertive(过分自信的)Americanpersonalityisavirtue,butitsometimessurprisesforeigners.Inmanycultures,respectforolderpeopleorthoseinpositionsofauthoritykeepsothersfromexpressingtheirtruefeelings.ButintheU.S,childrenoftenarguewiththeirparents,studentsmaydisagreewiththeirteachers,andcitizensmayexpress146\noppositiontotheactionsofthegovernment.Ifthesouphasaflyinitorthemeatistootoughtochew,thedinercancomplaintothewaiter,ifthebossmakesamistake,anemployeewillpolitelypointitout.SomestraighttalkabouttheAmericancharactermustincludetheadmissionthatAmericanshavetheirfaults.TheextremelycompetitivenatureofAmericansisprobablytheirworstfault.Ofcourse,competitionisn’talwaysbad.Asamatteroffact,itpromotesexcellencebyencouragingindividualsandbusinessestotrytodotheirbest.Butthedesiretogetaheadofotherssometimescausespeopletodothingsthatareunkindandevendishonest.Also,Americansadmirewhatispractical,fast,efficient,andfresh.Sometimestheyfailtounderstandandappreciatepracticesthathavegreaterrespectformoretraditional,leisurelywaysofdoingthings.Ontheotherhand,peoplefromotherculturesmaydislikethepractical,challengingAmericanlifestyle.Despiteculturedifferences,mostforeignersgiveAmericanscreditfortheirvirtues.Americansaregenerallyviewedasfriendly,adaptable,energetic,andkindhearted.MostnewcomerstotheU.S.likeAmericans,andthefeelingisusuallymutual.PerhapsthegreatestAmericanvirtueisadeepinterestinnewideasandnewpeople.Inanationofimmigrants,theforeignerdoesnotremainanoutsiderforlong.1.Inordertoshowtherespectforolderpeople,..A.peoplefromsomeothercultureswillalwaysexpresstheirtruefeelingB.peoplefromsomeotherculturesmaysometimeshidetheirtruefeelingC.AmericansalwaysshowtheirtruefeelingsD.Americansusuallyarguewiththem2.WhyistheextremelycompetitivenatureconsideredasoneofAmericanfaults?A.Becausepeoplefromotherculturesfearcompetition.B.BecauseonlyAmericanpeopleownit.C.Becauseitwillmakepeopleforgetleisure.D.Becauseitmaysometimesurgepeopletodosomethingbad.3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat..A.AmericanpeoplearemorecriticalofeverythingthanpeoplefromotherculturesB.theauthorbelievesthatAmericancharacterhasmorefaultsthanvirtuesC.theauthoradmiresAmericanvirtuesastheyareviewedascompetitiveandantitraditionalD.itisdifficultfornewcomerstogetonwithAmericans4.Thepassagemainlytalksabout..A.AmericanvirtuesB.AmericancharactersC.AmericanfaultsD.Americanlifestyles2.Everyday25millionU.S.childrenrideschoolbuses.Thesafetyrecordforthesebusesismuchbetterthanforpassengercars;butnevertheless,about10childrenarekilledeachyearridingonlargeschoolbuses,andnearlyfourtimesthatnumberarekilledoutsidebusesintheloadingzones.Byandlarge,however,thenation’sschoolchildrenaretransportedtoandfromschoolsafety.Eventhoughthenumberofschoolbusaccidentsisnotlarge,thesafetyofchildrenisalwaysofintensepublicconcern.Whileeveryonewantstoseechildrentransportedsafely,peoplearedividedaboutwhatneedstobedone-particularlywhetherseatbeltsshouldbecompulsory.Peopleinfavourofseatbeltsonschoolbuses-manyofthemparentsandmedicalorganizations-arguethatseatbeltsarenecessarynotonlytoreducefatalityandinjury,butalsoto146\nteachchildrenlessonsabouttheimportanceofusingthemroutinelyinanymovingvehicle.Asidebenefit,theypointout,isthatseatbeltshelpkeepchildrenintheirseats,awayfromthebusdriver.PeoplewhoobjecttoseatbeltinstallationsuggestthatchildrenarealreadywellprotectedbytheschoolbusesthatfollowtheNationHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministration’s(NHTSA)safetyrequirementssetin1977.Theyalsobelievethatmanychildrenwon’twearseatbeltsanyway,andthatmaydamagethebeltsorusethemasweaponstohurtotherchildren.AnewResearchcouncilreportonschoolbussafetysuggestthattherearealternatesafetydevicesandproceduresthatmaybemoreeffectiveandlessexpensive.Forexample,thestudycommitteesuggestedthatraisingseatbacksfourinchesmayhavethesamesafetyeffectivenessasseatbelts.ThereportsponsoredbytheDepartmentoftransportationattherequestofCongress,reviewsseatbeltsextensivelywhiletakingabroaderlookatsafetyinandaroundschoolbuses.5.Accordingtothepassage,the“schoolbus”is.A.thebusofferedbytheschoolanddifferentfromthepublicbusB.thebusthathasnodifferencefromthepublicbusC.thebusthatisdrivenbythestudentsD.thebusthatisnotsafe6.Accordingtothepassage,whohasthegreatestdegreeofcontroloftheschoolbuses“safety”?A.AnewResearchCouncil.B.TheDepartmentofTransportation.C.TheMedicalOrganization.D.NationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministration.7.Itmaybeinferredfromthispassagethat..A.manyoftheopponents(反对者)ofseatbeltinstallationareparentsandofficialsoftheDepartmentofTransportationB.proposalsofseatbeltsonschoolbuseswouldbeseriouslyconsideredC.analternatesafetydevice(raisingseatbacksfourinches)maybetakenintoconsiderationD.TheDepartmentofTransportationmayeithertaketheideaofseatbeltsorothermeasureswhenitreviewsthewholesituation8.Thetitlebelowwhichbestexpressestheideaofthepassageis.A.MakingSchoolBusesEvenSaferforChildrenB.SeatBeltsNeededonSchoolBusesC.AlternateSafetyDevicesandProceduresD.SafetyinandaroundSchoolBuses3．Intheageofrealitytelevision,successisn’ttheonlywaytothepubliceye.Failurecanalsocreatefame,justlikeWilliamHung,21,anativeofHongKong.HungrecentlyhasmadeanagreementwithUS-basedentertainmentfirmsKochRecordsandFuseMusicNetwork.Theywillpublishafull-lengthrecord,titled“TheTrueIdol”onApril6.TheidolisacivilengineeringstudentattheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeley.HedidaversionofRickyMartin’s“SheBangs”onthetelevisionshow“AmericanIdol3”,onJanuary27.TheFoxTVsingingcontestsearchesforpopstarsamongordinarypeople.InthecaseofHung,however,hisactwassobadthatthejudgescuthimoffinmid-act.Hung’sresponse?“Ialreadygavemybest,soIhavenoregretsatall.”That’sgood,becauseanycommonpersonwouldhavefoundplentytoregret:Theoff-keysinging.TheblueHawaiianshirtwornwithpantspulleduptoohigh.Theterribledancing.Thehipsjerking(摇摆)toabeatthatdidnotbelongtothesong,maybenoteventothisplanet.Itwas,byallaccounts,bad.146\nBut,itwasthisverybadactthatsoldwell.MarcJuris,presidentofFuse,explaineditthisway:“Everyoneofusishappilyguiltyofsingingourfavoritesongatthetopofourlungswithcompletefreedom,completelyoff-keyandcompletelyunworried.That’swhatWilliamdidandimmediatelywontheheartsofAmerica.”Whateveritis,forthemomentit’sbig.ThreewebsitesdevotedtoHunghavegoneupontheInternetinthepastfewweeks.Versionsofhisperformancehavebeenremixedwithhiphopandtechno-musicandhavemadeittothetop10requestlistataChicagoradiostation.So,whatdoesHungthinkofthis?“Therewereallthesepeoplesayingthingsaboutme.AlotweresayingIwasverycourageousandthatIwasgreatontheshow,butsomedidn’thavemuchrespectformeandsomewerekindofmean.”Nowhesayshe’snotsosurewhethertodistancehimselffromtheglamour(魅力)ortoacceptit.Returningtonormalhasn’tbeeneasy.9.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Sometimesanidolbehavesquitefoolishly.B.Hung’sperformanceattractedthepubliceye.C.Howanunsuccessfulpersonbecamefamous.D.Successsometimesdoesnotrequirehardwork.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph7referto?A.WilliamHung.B.Hung’sbadact.C.Hung’swebsite.D.Thepublic’sopinion.11.WhichofthefollowingshowsthecorrectorderofwhathappenedtoHung?a.TheentertainmentfirmsmadeanagreementwithHung.b.ThejudgescutHungoffinmid-actinthesingingcontest.c.HungbecamepopularamongAmericans.d.Hunggaveaterribleperformancethoughhetriedhisbest.e.ThreewebsitesputHung’sfunnyperformanceontheInternet.A.d,b,e,c,aB.a,c,d,b,eC.a,d,b,c,eD.d,b,a,e,c4．Thepoorermentalfunctionseenamongalcoholics,manyofwhomalsoregularlysmokecigarettes,maybepartiallyduetothelong-termeffectsofnicotine,newresearchsuggests.“Peoplewhoarealsosmokersareatamuchhigherrisk,”Dr.JenniferM.Glass,oftheUniversityofMichigan’sAddictionResearchCenter,said.Inherstudy,“cigarettesmokingwasnegativelyrelatedtoIQandthinking,”shesaid.Thisfindingmayseemcounterintuitive,sincemanysmokersattest(证明)tofeelingmorealertandfocusedaftersmoking.Indeed,researchshowsthatimprovedmentalfunctioningisoneoftheimmediateeffectsofnicotineexposure.Chronicsmoking,however,isknowntohavetheoppositeeffect.146\nStudiesshowthatupto87percentofalcoholicssmokecigarettes.Yet,fewstudieshavelookedintocigarettesmokingasafactorthatmightexplainthecognitivedeficitsreportedamongalcoholics.Toinvestigatethatassociation,Glassandhercolleaguesexaminedbrainfunctionamong172menfromthesamecommunity,including103menwhoabusedalcohol.Theteamfoundthatmenwithhigherscoresonthelifetimealcoholproblemsscale(LAPS)andthosewhoreportedahighernumberofpack-yearsofsmokingbothhadlowerIQscores.Uponfurtherinvestigation,theresearchersfoundthatsmokingalsoappearedtobeindependentlyassociatedwithweakerverbal(语言表达能力)andvisual-spatialreasoning(形象化和空间推理能力).Thus,thoughsmokingdidnotaccountforallofthedecreasedneurocognitivefunctioningobservedamongthealcoholabusers,itdidseemtoaccountforsomeoftheeffects,thereportindicates.12.Somepeopledon’tthinkthatcigarettesmokingwillreducetheirIQandthinkingabilitybecauseA.theylackcommonknowledge.B.thisfindingdoesn’tagreewiththeirfeelings.C.theylikesmokingtoomuch.D.someresearchershaveoppositeideas.13.What’sthepurposeofthestudythatwascarriedoutbyGlassandhercolleagues?A.Tostudyifcigarettesmokingcancausethecognitivedeficitsamongalcoholics.B.ToshowthatsmokinganddrinkinghasmuchconnectionwithIQandthinkingability.C.ToshowthatsmokinganddrinkinghaslittleconnectionwithIQandthinkingability.D.Toprovethatsmokinghasnoconnectionwithdrinking.14.Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.Smokingcanmakementalfunctioningbetterforalongtime.B.Glassandhercolleaguesstudied275personsinalltoinvestigatetheconnection.C.Halfpercentofalcoholicssmokecigarettes.D.Smokingcanalsoinfluenceaperson’sweakerverbalandvisual-spatialreasoning.15.Thepassagemainlytellsusthat.A.smokinganddrinkingcanlessenIQandthinkingability.B.howsmokinganddrinkinginfluenceIQandthinkingability.C.peopleshouldgiveupsmokinganddrinkingimmediately.D.whysomepeoplehaveweakerverbalandvisual-spatialreasoning.5．Thousandsofyearsagopeopleguessedthetimeofdaybywatchingthesun.Later，theyfounditwaseasiertotelltheexacttimebylookingattheshadows.Thus，thesundial(日晷)wasinvented.Thesundialprovedausefultimepieceinsunnyweather.However，anothertypeoftimepiecewasnecessaryforcloudyweatherandnighttime.Asandglasswasanothercommonmeasureroftime.Twoglassbottleswereconnectedbyaverysmallopening.Thetopbottlewasfilledwithsand，whichdroppedslowlyintothebottomoneinacertainperiodoftime.Hourglasseswerewidelyusedthen.Three—minutesandglassesarestillusedinmanyhomestotimetheboilingofeggs.146\nTherealancestorofmodernclockswasthewaterclock.InChina,anearlywaterclockwasmadeupofseveralbowls.Watertrickled(滴)fromonebowltoanothertokeeptheclockgoing.VisitorstotheBeijingPalaceMuseumcanstillseetheoldwaterclocksshowingthetimethere.IntheMiddleAgesawaterlessclockwasinventedwhichworkedbymeansofweights.Tokeeptheweightfallingatthesamespeed，asystemofwheelswasinvented.Thependulum(钟摆)wassoondevelopedtocontrolthespeedofthewheels.Thusthemodernformofclockcameintobeing.16.Fromthepassagewecanknowthat.A.Thesundialwasinventedaccordingtothetheorythatshadowswillchangeregularlyatdifferenttime.B.Thesundialwasinvented2000yearsago.C.Thesundialprovedausefultimepieceindifferentweather.D.Asandglasswasmoreusefulthanasundialtomeasurertime.17.Threeminutesandglassesarestillusedinmanyhomes.A.toboileggsB.tomeasurethetimeofboilingeggsC.toholdtheboiledeggsD.tohaveeggsboiled18.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectpictureofasandglass?19.IfyouvisitBeijingPalaceMuseum,you.A.willseetheoldwaterclocksbrokenB.willfindthetimeshownbytheoldwaterclocksiswrongC.canfindtheoldwaterclocksstilltellingthetimethereD.willfindtheoldwaterclockshavegone20.IntheMiddleAgestheweightfallingspeedofaclockwaskeptby.A.severalbowlsB.asystemofwheelsC.asystemofpendulumD.severalsprings艺考生的救命稻草！突破130分，快速提高30分的锦囊妙计！6步搞定任何高考英语阅读真题，一般人不告诉他（她）！2013吴军高考英语阅读理解3天提分秘术众说周知，得阅读、完形者得天下！146\n文章看没看懂不重要，关键是要选对！高考英语阅读的核心暗示点：词和短语！题目（或题干）有暗示，秘笈为你精准导航！选项与出题点之间存在逻辑关系，3天帮您梳理！速度比完美更重要，思路比题海要有效！2013高考英语阅读3天提分秘术，既不是神人的牛B押题，也不是最牛高考班的密卷！而是沈阳高分英语家教吴军老师从2000-2012年2700多篇高考英语阅读真题答案内幕规律衍生出的迅捷提分秘诀！2013高考英语阅读3天提分秘术是纸质的解析讲解类自学教案，而不是如同上大课般的名师讲座光盘（如高分突破，提分宝典，四步兵法，高频考点等），你可以站着，躺着，甚至在卫生间里也可以阅读自学！立竿见影！以一顶百！9年来我们在自我独门秘笈的基础上，20%参阅了132种全国知名高考英语教案或资料（如：新东方，张清波，北京四中李俊和，管卫东，提分宝典，高频考点等）。但发现很多名师教案与高考提分关联度小，因为相当一部分名师只是把自己在考研和雅思领域的研究成果生搬硬套到高考英语教学中（讲述的高频词汇严重超纲，甚至是大学6级的），而不是深入到2700篇历届阅读真题中潜心研究，效果可想而知。还有些重点高中一线老师，将自己上课用的教案制作成光盘用以贩卖，其实质不过是高频考点和词汇的串讲，有的甚至用35%的篇章讲述如何记忆单词，而广告却说是提分秘笈，真是让人遗憾！好消息！吴军老师2012高考英语3天提分秘诀仅释放了其30%的功力，就达到了90%以上的客户满意度，为了配合文科其他科目的上市，2013年吴军高考英语将释放其70%的功力，2013年高考英语提分速度和幅度将再升一倍，看完下列示例后，还不赶紧抢购呀！目录：一、2013阅读吴军猜题秘术:备选项高频答案特征二、2013阅读吴军暗示点秒杀:备选项高频答案词三、擒贼先擒王:主旨题、写作目的题吴军答题密码四、阅读出题点与细节题吴军答题法则五、阅读文章结构、题材与推论题吴军突破秘诀六、阅读词汇、文章及作者态度题吴军破解规律146\n2013阅读吴军猜题秘术:备选项高频答案特征（10条秘诀）秘诀一：被动结构是备选项高频答案特征！【2010辽宁卷B篇】Ihateddinnerparties.ButIdecidedtogivethemanothershotbecauseI'minLondon.AndmyfriendMalleryinvitedme.AndbecausedinnerpartiesinLondonareverydifferentfromthosebackinNewYork.There,'“I’mhavingadinnerparty'means:"I'mbookingatablefor12atarestaurantyoucan'taffordandwe'llbesharingthechecqueevenly,nomatterwhatyoueat."Worse,inManhattanthereisalwayssomeonewholeavesbeforethebillarrives.They'llthrowdowncash,halfofwhattheyowe,andthenpeoplelikeme,whodon’tdrink,enduppayingevenmore.ButifItrytousethesametrick,thehostesswillshout:"Whereareyougoing?"Andit'snotlikeIcansayIhavesomewheretogo:everyoneknowIhavenowheretogo.ButinLondon,dinnerpartiesareinpeople'shomes.(转折对比,说明前面NewYorkers评价是Self-centred.)Notonlythat,theguestsareaninterestingmix.ThelasttimeIwenttoone,theguestswerefromFrance,India.DenmarkandNigeria;itwaslikeagatheringattheUnitedNationsinNewYork.Themixislessstriking.It'slikeagatheringatBloomingdale's,awell-knowndepartmentstore.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------61.WhatdoesthewriterdislikemostaboutdinnerpartiesinNewYork?AThereisastrangemixofpeople.B.Therestaurantsareexpensive.C.Thebillisnotfairlyshared.D.Peoplehavetopaycash63.Whatistheauthor'sopinionofsomeNewYorkersfromherexperience？A.Easy-going.B.Self-centred.C.Generous.D.Conservative.【2012四川卷E篇】Sofar,effortstocutemissions（排放）ofplanet-warminggreenhousegasesarenotseenasenoughtopreventtheEarthheatingupbeyond2℃thiscentury—apointscientistssaywillbringthedangerofachangeableclimateinwhichweatherextremesarecommon,leadingtodrought,floods,cropfailuresandrisingsealevels.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------60.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphsabouttheworld’stemperature?A.Ithasrisennearly0.2℃since1979.B.Itschangewillleadtoweatherextremes.C.Itis0.8℃higherin1979thanthatof1990.D.Itneedstobecontrolledwithin2℃inthiscentury.146\n【2012四川卷A篇】Theseasonschangejustoutsidethedoor.Wewatchthemaplesturneveryshadeofyellowandredinthefallandnotethepoplars’（杨树）puttingoutthefirstgreenleavesofspring.Therainbowsmeltfillsthelocalsteamastheicegraduallydisappears,andthewoodfrogsstarttosinginpoolsafterbeingfrozenforthewinter.Afamilyofbirdsrulesourskiesandfliesoverthelake.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------43.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmean?A.Thechangeofseasonsiseasilyfelt.B.Theseasonsmakethesceneschange.C.Theweatheroftenchangesintheforest.D.Thedoorisagoodpositiontoenjoychangingseasons.【2012陕西卷C篇】Theauthorsofbothstudiesstressthattheserisksarerelativelysmallforhealthypeopleandcertainlymodestcomparedwithotherriskfactorssuchassmokingandhighbloodpressure.However,itisimportanttobeawareofthesedangersbecauseeveryoneisexposedtoairpollutionregardlessoflifestylechoices.SostricterregulationbytheEPAofpollutantsmaynotonlyimproveenvironmentalairqualitybutcouldalsobecomenecessarytoprotectpublichealth.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------55.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Eatingfattyfoodhasimmediateeffectsonyourheart.B.TheEPAconductedmanystudiesonairquality.C.Moderateairqualityismoreharmfulthansmoking,D.Stricterregulationsonpollutantsshouldbemade.【2012江西卷D篇】Forthosewhomakejourneysacrosstheworld,thespeedoftraveltodayhasturnedthecountriesintoaseriesofvillages．Distancesbetweenthemappearnogreatertoamoderntravelerthanthosewhichoncefacedmenastheywalkedfromvillagetovillage.Jetplaneflypeoplefromoneendoftheearthtotheother,allowingthemafreedomofmovementundreamtofahundredyearsago.　　Yetsomepeoplewonderiftherevolutionintravelhasgonetoofar.Apricehasbeenpaid,theysay,fortheconquest(征服)oftimeanddistance.Travelissomethingtobeenjoyed,notendured(忍受).Theboatoffersleisureandtimeenoughtoappreciatetheever-changingsightsandsoundsofajourney.Ajourneybytrainalsohasaspecialcharmaboutit.Lakesandforestsandwild,openplainssweepingpastyourcarriagewindowcreateagrandviewinwhichtimeand146\ndistancemeannothing.Onboardaplane,however,thereisjusttheblankblueoftheskyfillingthenarrowwindowoftheairplane.Thesoftlighting,in-flightfilmsandgentlemusicmakeuptheonlyworldyouknow,andthehoursprogressslowly.　　Thenthereisthetimespentbeing“processed”atamodernairport.Peopleareconveyedlikerobotsalongwalkways;baggageisweighed,ticketsproduced,examinedandproducedyetagainbeforethepassengermoveagaintoanotherwaitingarea.Journeysbyrailandseatakelonger,yes,butthehoursdevotedtobeing“processed”atdepartureandarrivalinairportsareluckilyabsent.Nowonder,then,thatthemodernhigh-speedtrainsarewinningbackpassengersfromtheairlines.Man,however,isnowaworldtravelerandcannotturnhisbackontheairplane.Theworkinglivesoftoomanypeopledependuponit;wholenewindustrieshavebeenbuiltarounditsdesignandoperation.Theholidaymaker,too,withlimitedtimetospend,patientlyenduresthebusyairportsandlimitedspaceoftheflighttogainthoseextrahoursandevendays,relaxinginthesun.speedcontrolspeople’slives;timesaved,inworkorplay,istheimportantthing—orsowearetold.Perhapsthosefirsthorsemen,ridingfreeacrossthewild,openplains,wereenjoyingabetterworldthantheoneweknowtoday.Theycouldtravelatwill,andtheclockwasnottheirmaster.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------73.AccordingtoParagraph3,passengersareturningbacktomodernhigh-speedtrainsbecause_____．A.theypaylessfortheticketsB.theyfeelsaferduringthetravelC.theycanenjoyhigherspeedoftravelD.theydon’thavetowastetimebeing“processed”75.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Airtravelbenefitspeopleandindustries．B.TrainTravelhassomeadvantagesoverairtravel．C.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmoderntravel.D.Thehighspeedofairtravelisgainedatacost.2013阅读吴军暗示点秒杀:备选项高频答案词（17项不到90个单词）秘诀9：leadto(resultin,bringabout,cause)是选项中答案高频暗示词!【2012浙江卷C篇】Firstofall,studentsneedtorealizethatconflictisunavoidable.Areportonviolenceamongmiddleschoolandhighschoolstudentsindicatesthatmostviolentincidentsbetweenstudentsbeginwitharelativelyminorinsult(侮辱).Forexample,afightcouldstartoverthefactthatonestudenteatsapeanutbuttersandwicheachlunchtime.Laughteroverthesandwichcanleadto146\ninsults,whichinturncanleadtoviolence.Theproblemisn'tinthesandwich,butinthewaystudentsdealwiththeconflict.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------51.FromParagraph2wecanlearnthat________.A.violenceismorelikelytooccuratlunchtime具体!B.asmallconflictcanleadtoviolenceC.studentstendtolosetheirtempereasilyD.theeatinghabitofastudentisoftenthecauseofafight具体!【2011湖北卷D篇】ourowngenerationhasaccesstomorenutritiousfood.moreconvenienttransport.biggerhouses,betterears.andofcourse,morepoundsanddollarsthananywholivedbeforeus.Thiswillcontinueaslongaswetherethingstomakeotherthings,Thismorewespecializeandexchange,thebetteroffwe’llbe.2)BrilliantadvancesOnereasonwearericher,healthier,taller,cleverer,longer-livedandfreerthanenerbeforeisthatthefourmostbasiehumanneeds-food,clothing,fuelandshelter-havegrownalotcheaper.Takeoneexample.In1800acandleprovidingonehour’slightcostsixhours’work.Inthe1880sthesamelightfromanoillamptook15minutes’worktopayfor.In1950itwaseightseconds.Todayit’shalfsecond.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------65.Thecandleandlampexampleisusedtoshowthat.A.oillampsgiveoffmorelightthancandlesB.shorteningworkingtimebringsaboutahappierlife.C.advancedtechnologyhelpstoproducebettercandles.D.increasedproductionrateleadstolowercostofgoods.秘诀10：Control(handle,dealwith)是选项中答案高频暗示词!【2012天津卷D篇】Thosewhochoosetobecreatorslookatlifequitedifferently.Theyknowthereareindividualswhomightliketocontroltheirlives,buttheydon’tletthisgetintheway.Theyknowtheyhavetheirweaknesses,yettheydon’tblamethemselveswhentheyfail.Whateverhappens,theyhavechoiceinthematter.Theybelievetheirdancewitheachsacred(神圣的)momentoflifeisagiftandthatstormsareanaturalpartoflifewhichcanbringtherainneededforemotionalandspiritualgrowth.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------146\n52.AccordingtoParagraph2,creators__________.A.seemwillingtoexperiencefailuresinlifeB.possesstheabilitytopredictfuturelifeC.handleupsanddownsoflifewiselyD.havepotentialtocreatesomethingnew【2012山东卷D篇】Lastyear,itwasarefrigeratorthattweeted.Thisyear,it’sWi-Fi-enabledlaundrymachinesandfridgesthatcantellyouwhenyourgroceriesaregoingbad.Thewashersanddryers,availablestartinginthespring,connecttoanysmartphonethroughadownloadableapplication.Thephonecanthenbeusedasaremotecontrol,sothemachinescanbeturnedonandoffwhiletheirownersisatworkoronthebus.Samsungsaysit’snotjustsomethingnew—theappconnectionactuallyhassomepracticaluses.“Ifyoustartedtodryclothesinthemorningandforgottotakethemout,youcangotoyourphoneandrestartyourdryerforthetimewhencomehome,soyourclothesarerefreshedandreadytogo,”saidspokespersonAmySchmidt.Thecompanyalsosaysthatwithelectricityrate(电价)varyingdependingonthetimeofday,morecontroloverwhenthemachinesareusedcanhelpsavemoney.Perhaps,butwhattheywillprobablyreallyaccomplishiswhatallgoodtechnologiesdo—enablelaziness.Ratherthangettinguptocheckonwhetherthelaundryisdone,userswillinsteadmonitoritontheirphoneswhilewatchingTV.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------73.Whatcanwelearnaboutthenewlaundrymachines?A.TheycantellyouwhenyourclothesneedwashingB.TheycanbecontrolledwithasmartphoneC.TheyaredifficulttooperateD.Theyaresoldatalowprice秘诀12：miss(missing);lose(lost)是选项中答案高频暗示词!【2011全国新课标卷A篇】Thereissadlynohomemilkdeliverytoday.Bigcompaniesallowedtheproductionofcheapermilkthusmakingitdifficultformilkmentocompete(竞争).Besides,milkisforsaleeverywhere,anditmayjustnothavebeenpracticedtohaveadeliveryservice.Recently,anoldmilkboxinthecountrysideIsawbroughtbackmychildhoodmemories.1tookithomeandplanteditonthebackporch(门廊).Everysooftenmyson'sfriendswillask146\nwhatitis.SoIstarttellingstoriesofmyboyhood,andofthemilkmanwhobroughtusfriendshipalongwithhismilk.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------59.Whydidtheauthorbringbackhomeanoldmilkbox?A.Hemissedthegoodolddays.B.Hewantedtotellinterestingstories.C.Heneededitforhismilkbottles.D.Heplantedflowersinit.【2010江西卷A篇】Andyrodeslowlyonhiswaytoschool,day-dreamingaboutthefishingtripthathisfatherhadpromisedhim.Hewassobusydreamingaboutallthefishhewouldcatchthathewasunawareofeverythingelsearoundhim.Herodealonguntilastrangesounddrewhimtothepresent.Hecametoastopandlookedcuriouslyuptotheheavens.Whathesawshockedandterrifiedhim.Ahugeswarmofbeesfilledtheskylikeablackcloudandthebuzzingmassseemedtobeheadingangrilytowardshim.Withnotimetowaste,Andyspedoffintheoppositedirection,ridingfuriously—butwithoutknowinghowtoescapetheswarm.Witharapidlybeatingheartandhislegspumpingfuriously,hespeddowntheroughroad.Asthebeescamecloser,hispanicincreased.Andyknewthathewassensitivetobeestings(蜇).Thelaststinghadlandedhiminhospital—andthatwasonlyonebeesting!Hehadbeenforcedtostayinbedfortwowholedays.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------56.WhydidAndyfailtonoticetheswarmofbeesearlier?A.Hewasridingtoschool.B.Hewaslisteningtoastrangesound.C.Hewasgoingfishingwithhisfather.D.Hewaslostinthethoughtofthefishingtrip.擒贼先擒王:主旨题、写作目的题吴军答题密码方法一：找中心句第一段首、末句(一段末出现转折)二段一句、二句(二段对一段进行总结或否定)尾段首末句,90%在末句146\n有汉语标注的地方!【2012全国新课标卷B篇】Honey(蜂蜜)fromtheAfricanforestisnotonlyakindofnaturalsugar,itisalsodelicious.Mostpeople,andmanyanimals,likeeatingit.However,theonlywayforthemtogetthathoneyistofindawildbees'nest(巢)andtakethehoneyfromit.Often,thesenestsarehighupintrees,anditisdifficulttofindthem.InpartsofAfrica,though,peopleandanimalslookingforhoneyhaveastrangeandunexpectedhelper一alittlebirdcalledahoneyguide.Thehoneyguidedoesnotactuallylikehoney,butitdoeslikethewax(蜂蜡)inthebeehives(蜂房).Thelittlebirdcannotreachthiswax,whichisdeepinsidethebees’nest.So,whenitfindsasuitablenest,itlooksforsomeonetohelpit.Thehoneyguidegivesaloudcrythatattractstheattentionofbothpassinganimalsandpeople.Onceithastheirattention,itfliesthroughtheforest,waitingfromtimetotimeforthecuriousanimalorpersonasitleadsthemtothenest.Whentheyfinallyarriveatthenest,thefollowerreachesintogetatthedelicioushoneyasthebirdpatientlywaitsandwatches.Someofthehoney,andthewax,alwaysfallstotheground,andthisiswhenthehoneyguidetakesitsshare.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------63.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WildBeesB.WaxandHoneyC.BeekeepinginAfricaD.Honey-Lover'sHelper表转折和因果处:but,yet,however,instead,today,now,Although,so,therefore,thus,asaresult,because(since,as,for),oneofthereasonswas……,Theresultsare……ItwasavillageinIndia.Thepeoplewerepoor.However,theywerenotunhappy.Afterall,theirforefathershadlivedinthesamewayforcenturies.Thenoneday,somevisitorsfromthecityarrived.Theytoldthevillagersthereweresomepeopleelsewherewholikedtoeatfrog’slegs.However,theydidnothaveenoughfrogsoftheir146\nown,andsotheywantedtobuyfrogsfromotherplaces.Thisseemedlikemoneyfornothing.Thereweremillionsoffrogsinthefieldsaround,andtheywerenousetothevillagers.Alltheyhadtodowascatchthem.Agreementwasreached,andthechildrenweresentintothefieldstocatchfrogs.Everyweekatruckarrivedtocollectthecatchandhandoverthemoney.Forthefirsttime,thepeoplewereabletodreamofabetterfuture.Butthedreamdidn’tlastlong.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------FromParagragh1welearnthatthevillagers.A.workedveryhardforcenturiesB.dreamedofhavingabetterlifeC.werepoorbutsomewhatcontentD.livedadifferentlifefromtheirforefathers【2012全国新课标D篇】Grown-upsareoftensurprisedbyhowwelltheyremembersomethingtheylearnedaschildrenbuthaveneverpracticedstillswimaswellaseversince.Amanwhenhegetsbackwhohasnothadachancetogoswimmingforyearscaninthewater.Hecangetonabicycleaftermanyyearsandstillrideaway.Hecanplaycatchandhitaballaswellashisson.Amotherwhohasnotthoughtaboutthewordsforyearscanteachherdaughterthepoemthatbegins"Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar"。rememberthestoryofCinderellaorGoldilocksandtheThreeBears.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------67.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph1?A.Peoplerememberwellwhattheylearnedinchildhood.B.Childrenhaveabettermemorythangrown-ups.C.Poemreadingisagoodwaytolearnwords.D.Storiesforchildrenareeasytoremember.【2012重庆卷E篇】Inhis1930essay“EconomicPossibilitiesforOurGrandchildren“,JohnKeynes,economist,rewrotethathumanneedsfallintotwoclasses:absoluteneeds,whichareindeedwhatotherhave,andrelativeneeds,whichmakeusfeelsuperiortoourfellows.Hethoughtalthoughrelativeneedsmayindeedbeinsatiable(无止境的)thisisnottrueofabsolute.Keyneswassurelycorrectthatonlyasmallpartoftotalspendingiddecidedbythesuper-iorityHewasgreatlymistaken,however,inseeingthisderiveastheonlysourceofdemandsDecisionstospendarealsodrivenbyideasofqualitywhichcaninfluencethedenalmostallgoods,includingevenbasicgoodslikefood.Whenacouplegoesoutforandinner,forexample,146\nthethoughtoffeelingsuperiortoothersprobablynevercomestothem.Thegoalistoshareaspecialmealthatstandsoutfromothermeals.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------75.Theauthorofthepassagearguesthat______.A.absoluteneedshavenolimitsB.demandsforqualityarenotinsatiableC.humandesiresinfluenceideasofqualityD.relativeneedsdecidemostofourspending【2012陕西卷C篇】Eatingtoomuchfattyfood,exercisingtoolittleandsmokingcanraiseyourfutureriskofheartdisease.Butthereisanotherfactorthatcancauseyourheartproblemsmoreimmediately:theairyoubreathe.Previousstudieshavelinkedhighexposure(暴露）toenvironmentalpollutiontoanincreasedriskofheartproblem,buttwoanalysesnowshowthatpoorairqualitycanleadtoheartattackorstroke(中风）withinaslittleasafewhoursafterexposure.Inonereviewoftheresearch,scientistsfoundthatpeopleexposedtohighlevelsofpollutants(污染物）wereupto5%morelikelytosufferaheartattackwithindaysofexposurethanthosewithlowerexposure.AseparatestudyofstrokepatientsshowedthatevenairthattheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)considerstobeof“moderate”(良好）qualityandrelativelysafeforourhealthcanraisetheriskofstrokeasmuchas34%within12to14hoursofexposure.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------53.Thetextmainlydiscussestherelationshipbetween.A.heartproblemsandairqualityB.heartproblemsandexercisingC.heartproblemsandsmokingD.heartproblemsandfattyfood写作目的题秘诀13：广告文体写作目的题一般用advertise!【2012重庆卷B篇】Toplistsarelecturingpeopleoneverythingfrom"100bookstoread".Aren'tyoujusttiredofbeingtoldwhattodowithyourtime?Nowyouhavealisttoendalllists!Takealookatthefollowingtwoexamplesfromthelistof"101thingsnottodo":……GotoSeetheMonaLisa?Theremustbesomethingaboutthemysterious(神秘的)smile.The6millionpeoplewhothe146\nladyintheLouvreeveryyearcan’tallbewrongafterall.Buttheycanbequiteandstandinginfrontofyou,holdinguptheircamerastopreventyoufromseeinganything.Infacthardforyoutoseethepaintingclearlybecauseyouhavetostayawayfromitforsecurityread.Afterqueuingforhours,manytouristscanremaininfrontofthepaintingonlyfor15secondsmost.So,stilllongtoseetheMonaLisa?Ifyouwanttofindoutmoreaboutthelist,read101TingsNOTtoDoBeforeYouDie.Visitwww.not2dobeforeidie.co.ukandbuythebookata20％discount.63.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.ToadvertiseabookB.TointroduceawebsiteC.TocommentonpopularlistsD.Torecommendtouristactivities.写作目的题秘诀17：一般说明文写作目的题常用inform!【2012浙江卷C篇】Therewillalwaysbeconflictinschools,butthatdoesn'tmeanthereneedstobeviolence.AfterstudentsinAtlantastartedaconflictresolutionprogram,accordingtoEducatorsforSocialResponsibility,"64percentoftheteachersreportedlessphysicalviolenceintheclassroom;75percentoftheteachersreportedanincreaseinstudentcooperation;and92percentofthestudentsfeltbetteraboutthemselves".Learningtoresolveconflictscanhelpstudentsdealwithfriends,.teachers.parents,bosses,andcoworkers.Inthatway,conflictresolutionisabasiclifeskillthatshouldbetaughtinschoolsacrossthecountry.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------54.Thewriter’spurposeforwritingthisarticleisto_______.A.complainaboutproblemsinschooleducationB.teachstudentsdifferentstrategiesforschoollifeC.advocateteachingconflictmanagementinschoolsD.informteachersofthelateststudiesonschoolviolenceBut后面violence是重心！写作目的题秘诀18：新闻报道写作目的题常用report!【2012全国II卷D篇】ADDISABABA,Ethiopia-Oneoftheworld'smostfamousfossils(化石)-the3.2million-year-oldLucyskeleton(骨骼)unearthedinEthiopiain1974-willgoonanexhibitiontourabroadforthefirsttimeintheUnitedStates,officialssaidTuesday.EventheEthiopianpublichasonlyseenLucytwice.TheLucyonexhibitionattheEthiopianNationalMuseuminthecapital.AddisAbabaisareplicawhiletherealremainsareusuallylockedinasecretstoreroom.AteamfromtheMuseumofNationalServiceintoU.S.tour.TexasspentfouryearsdisscusingwiththeEthiopiansforthe146\nU.S.tour.WhichwillstartinHoustonnextSeptember."Ethiopia'srichcultureofboththepastandtoday,isoneofthebestkeptsecretsintheworld,"saidJoelBartsch,directoroftheHoustonmuseum.Thesix-yeartourwillalsogotoWashington,NewYork.DenverandChicago.OfficialssaidsixotherU.S.citiesmaybeonthetour.Buttheysaidplanshadnotyetbeenworkedout.TravelingwithLucywillbe190otherfossils.Lucy,hernametakenfromaBeatlessongthatplayedinacampthenightofherdiscovery,ispartoftheskeletonofwhatwasoncea3½-foot-ballape-man(猿人).-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------53.Theauthorwritesthistextmainlyto__.A.introduceafewU.S.museumsB.describesomeresearchworkC.discussthevalueofanape-manD.reportacomingevent阅读出题点与细节题吴军答题法则秘诀9：找到信息点后核对选项，发现照抄原文的不是答案，同义替换的通常是答案，有时结合答案特征，发现的更快！Tanni’senduringsuccesshadbeenpartmotivation(动机),partpreparation,“ThetrainingIdothatenablesmetobeagoodsprinter(短跑运动员)enablesmetobegoodatamarathontoo.Itrain50weeksoftheyearandthatkeepsmepreparedforwhateverdistanceIwanttorace….Iamstillcompetingataveryhighlever,butasIgetolderthingsgetharderandIwanttoretirebeforeIfallapart.”-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------58.Theunderlinedword“that”inthe5thparagraphrefersto_______.（此题容易错选A，但正确答案是C，怎样避开陷阱？）A.fiftyweeks’trainingB.beingagoodsprinterC.trainingalmosteverydayD.partmotivationandpartpreparation阅读文章结构、题材与推论题吴军突破秘诀推论题秘诀3：没有中心句（中心词四选项都有），尾段也没有核对点，则找出题点核对！【2012福建卷B篇】AtexactlyelevenSirPercivalknockedandentered,withanxietyandworryineverylineof146\nhisface.Thismeetingwoulddecidehisfuturelife，andheobviouslyknewit."Youmaywonder,SirPercival,’’saidLauracalmly,“ifIamgoingtoasktobereleased(免除）frommypromisetomarryyou.Iamnotgoingtoaskthis.Irespectmyfather'swishestoomuch.“汉语标注处是出题核对点！Hisfacerelaxedalittle,butoneofhisfeetkeptbeatingthecarpet."No,ifwearegoingtowithdraw.(退出）fromourplannedmarriage,itwillbebecauseofyourwish,notmine.“Mine?”hesaidingreatsurprise.“WhatreasoncouldIhaveforwithdrawing?’"Areasonthatisveryhardtotellyou,"sheanswered."Thereisachangeinme.”Hisfacewentsopalethatevenhislipslosttheircolor.Heturnedhisheadtooneside."Whatchange?"heasked,tryingtoappearcalm.“Whenthepromisewasmadetwoyearsago,”shesaid,mylovedidnotbelongtoanyone.Willyouforgiveme,SirPercival,ifItellyouthatitnowbelongstoanotherperson?”“Iwishyoutounderstand,“Lauracontinued,“thatIwillneverseethispersonagain,andthatifyouleaveme,youonlyallowmctoremainasinglewomanfortherestofmylife.AllIaskisthatyouforgivemcandkeepmysecret."‘Iwilldoboththosethings,“hesaid.ThenhelookedatLaura,asifhewaswaitingtohearmore."IthinkIhavesaidenoughtogiveyoureasontowithdrawfromourmarriage,“sheaddedquietly.“No.Youhavesaidenoughtomakeitthedearestwishofmylifetomarryyou,“hesaid.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------61.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.A.LaurahadoncepromisedtomarryPercivalB.Laura'sfatherwishedtoendhermarriageC.PercivalhadbeenmarriedtoLaurafortwoyearsD.Percivalaskedtobereleasedfromthemarriage文章取材题秘诀5：若首段有小括号,里面有新华,搜狐,网易,新浪,路透,BBC等提示,如(XINHUANET),或每段首句有具体时间信息点,则选项一定与news有关!【2012辽宁卷C篇】IfConfucius（孔子）werestillalivetodayandcouldcelebratehisSeptember28birthdaywithabigcake,therewouldbealotofcandles.He’dneedafanorastrongwindtohelphimputthemout.146\nWhilemanypeopleinChinawillrememberConfuciusonhisspecialday,fewpeopleintheUnitedStateswillgivehimapassingthought.It’snothingpersonal.MostAmericansdon’tevenrememberthebirthdaysoftheirownnationalheroes.Butthisdoesn’tmeanthatAmericansdon’tcareaboutConfucius.InmanywayshehasbecomeabridgethatforeignersmustcrossiftheywanttoreachadeeperunderstandingofChina.Inthepasttwodecades,theChinesestudiesprogramshavegainedhugepopularityinWesternuniversities.Morerecently,theChinesegovernmenthassetupConfuciusInstitutesinmorethan80countries.TheseschoolsteachbothChineselanguageandculture.ThemaincoursesofChinesecultureusuallyincludedChineseart,historyandphilosophy（哲学）.SomesocialscientistssuggestthatWesternersshouldtakeadvantagesoftheancientChinesewisdomtomakeupforthedrawbacksofWesternersphilosophy.StudentsintheUnitedStates,atthesametime,areracingtolearnChinese.SotheywillbereadyforlifeinaworldwhereChinaisanequalpowerwiththeUnitedStates.BusinessmenwhohopetomakemoneyinChinaarereadingbooksaboutConfuciustounderstandtheirChinesecustomers.Sotheoldthinker’sideasarestillaliveandwell.TodayChinaattractstheWestmorethanever,anditwillneedmoreteacherstointroduceConfuciusandChineseculturetotheWest.Asfortheoldthinker,hewillnotsoonbeforgottenbypeopleintheWest,evenifhisbirthdayis.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------67.Thepassageislikelytoappearin___________.A.abiographyB.ahistorypaperC.anewspaperD.aphilosophytextbook文章取材题秘诀6：文章首尾句看是否有关键信息点,比如book,可能是书的前言或简介,若有价格,与钱有关或访问某网站,则可能是广告(advertisement)!【2010湖北卷C篇】Thisbriefbookisaimedathighschoolstudents,butspeakstoanyonelearningatanystageoflife.Itsformal,seriousstylecloselymatchesitscontent,aschool-masterlybookonschooling.Theauthor,W.H.Armstrong,startswiththebasics:readingandwriting.Inhisopinion,readingdoesn’tjustmeanrecognizingeachwordonthepage;itmeanstakingintheinformation,digestingitandincorporatingitintooneselfjustasonedigestsasandwichandmakes146\nitapartofhimself.Thegoalistobringtheinformationbacktolife,notjusttotreatitasdeadfactsonpaperfromdeadtrees.Readingandwritingcannotbecompletelyseparatedfromeachother;infact,theaimofreadingistoexpresstheinformationyouhavegotfromthetext.I’veseenitagainandagain：some-onewhocan’texpressanideaafterreadingatextisjustasineffectiveassomeonewhohasn’treaditatall.Onlyathirdofthebookremainsafterthatdiscussion,whichArmstrongdevotestospecifictipsforstudyinglanguages,math,scienceandhistory.Hegenerallyhandlesthesetopicsthoroughly(透彻地)andequally,exceptforsomeweaknessinthescienceandmathsectionsandabittoomuchpassion(激情)regardinghistorytohisstudents,thatwasahundredtimesmorethanmyhistoryteachersevergotacross.Tomydisappointment,inthispartofthebookheignoresthearts.Asamatteroffact,theydemandalltheconcentrationandstudythatmathandsciencedo,thoughthestudydiffersslightlyinkind.Althoughit’scommonlybelievedthattheartscanonlybenaturallyacquired,actually,learningtheartsisnomorenaturalthanlearningFrenchormathematics.Myothercommentisthatthetextaged.Thefirsteditionapparentlydatestothe1960s—noneofthereferences(参考文献)seemnewerthanthelate1950s.Asaresult,thediscussionmissestheentirecomputerage.Thesearesmallpoints,though,anddon’taffectthemaindiscussion.Irecommendittoanystudentandanyteacher,includingtheself-taughtstudent.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------66.Thispassagecanbeclassifiedas________.A.anadvertisementB.abookreviewC.afeaturestoryD.Anewsreport【2012北京卷A篇】TheBasicsofMath—MadeClearBasicMathintroducesstudentstothebasicconceptsofmathematics,aswellasthefundamentalsofmoretrickyareas.These30fantasticlecturesaredesignedtoprovidestudentswithanunderstandingofarithmeticandtopreparethemforAlgebra(代数)andbeyond.ThelessonsinBasicMathcovereverybasicaspectofarithmetic.Theyalsolookintoexponents(指数),theorderofoperations,andsquareroots.Inadditiontolearninghowtoperformvariousmathematicaloperations,studentsdiscoverwhytheseoperationswork,howaparticularmathematicaltopicrelatestootherbranchesofmathematics,andhowtheseoperationscanbe146\nusedpractically.BasicMathstartsfromtherelativelyeasierconceptsandgraduallymovesontothemoretroublesomeones,soastoallowforsteadyandsureunderstandingofthematerialbystudents.Thelecturesofferstudentsthechanceto“makesense”ofmathematicalknowledgethatmayhaveseemedsofrightening.Theyalsohelpstudentsprepareforcollegemathematicsandovercometheiranxietyaboutthisamazing—andcompletelyunderstandable—fieldofstudy.Bytheconclusionofthecourse,studentswillhaveimprovedtheirunderstandingofbasicmath.Theywillbeabletoclearawaythemystery(神秘性)ofmathematicsandfacetheirstudieswithmoreconfidencethantheyeverimagined.Inaddition,theywillstrengthentheirabilitytoacceptnewandexcitingmathematicalchallenges.ProfessorH.Siegel,honoredbyKentuckyEducationalTelevisionas“thebestmathteacherinAmerica,”isadevotedteacherandhasagiftforexplainingmathematicalconceptsinwaysthatmakethemseemclearandobvious.Fromthebasicconcreteideastothemoreabstractproblems,heismasterinmakingmathlectureslearner-friendlierandlessscary.WithaPhDinMathematicsEducationfromGeorgiaStateUniversity,Dr.SiegelteachesmathematicsatCentralArizonaCollege.Hiscoursesincludevariousmake-upclassesandanumberoflecturesforfutureprimaryschoolteachers.Ifthecoursefailstoprovidecompletesatisfactiontoyou,youcaneasilyexchangeitforanyothercoursethatweoffer.Oryoucangetyourmoneyback.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------59.Whereisthepassagemostlikelytohavebeentakenfrom?A.Anewsreport.B.AbookreviewC.Alessonplan.D.Anadvertisement文体结构题秘诀4：指定段落有aman,oneman,suchas等信号词时,结构为举例(examples).【2012江西卷D篇】　　Yetsomepeoplewonderiftherevolutionintravelhasgonetoofar.Apricehasbeenpaid,theysay,fortheconquest(征服)oftimeanddistance.Travelissomethingtobeenjoyed,notendured(忍受).Theboatoffersleisureandtimeenoughtoappreciatetheever-changingsightsandsoundsofajourney.Ajourneybytrainalsohasaspecialcharmaboutit.Lakesandforests146\nandwild,openplainssweepingpastyourcarriagewindowcreateagrandviewinwhichtimeanddistancemeannothing.Onboardaplane,however,thereisjusttheblankblueoftheskyfillingthenarrowwindowoftheairplane.Thesoftlighting,in-flightfilmsandgentlemusicmakeuptheonlyworldyouknow,andthehoursprogressslowly.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------72．HowdoesthewritersupporttheunderlinedstatementinParagraph2?A．Bygivinginstructions．B．Byanalyzingcauseandeffect．C．Byfollowingtheorderoftime．D．Bygivingexamples．【2012全国新课标D篇】Oneexplanationisthelawofoverlearning,whichcanbestatedasfollows:Oncewehavelearnedsomething,additionallearningtrials(尝试)increasethelengthoftimewewillrememberit.Inchildhoodweusuallycontinuetopracticesuchskillsasswimming,bicycleriding,andplayingbaseballlongafterwehavelearnedthem.Wecontinuetolistentoandremindourselvesofwordssuchas"Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar"andchildhoodtalessuchasCinderellaandGoldilocks.Wenotonlylearnbutoverlearn.Themultiplicationtables(乘法口诀表)areanexceptiontotheeeneralrulethatweforgetratherquicklythethingsthatwelearninschool,becausetheyareanotherofthethingsweoverlearninchildhood.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------68.Theauthorexplainsthelawofoverlearningby_________.A.presentingresearchfindingsB.settingdowngeneralrulesC.makingacomparisonD.usingexamples阅读词汇、文章及作者态度题吴军破解规律词汇答题秘诀12：模凌两可处如何处理？向该词就近信息点靠拢！向高频答案词特征靠拢！选择范围大的！【2011重庆卷A篇】Therewasagardenerwholookedafterhisgardenwithgreatcare.Towaterhisflowers,heusedtwobuckers.Onewasashinyandnewbucket.Theotherwasaveryoldanddilapidatedone,whichhadseenmanyyearsofservice,butwasnowpastitsbest.146\n56.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dilapidated”probablymean?A.DirtyB.DarkC.Worn-outD.Plain-looking.被动答案特征！作者态度题秘诀11：高频答案词caring（关心的；有同情心的）【2012天津卷B篇】45.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMs.Yates?A.Reliableanddevoted.B.Toughandgenerous.C.Proudbutpatient.D.Strictbutcaring.【2012辽宁卷B篇】61.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthefamiliesoftheastronautsontheISS?A.ThearecaringandthoughtfulB.TheareimpatientandannoyedC.Theareimpatientandannoyed.D.Theareexcitedandcurious.【2010全国Ⅱ卷A篇】45.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBrownie?A.ShyB.PoliteC.BraveD.Caring更多阅读高分秘术和高频答案词尽在2013高考英语阅读3天提分秘术教案中.艺考生和体考生只要记住阅读高频答案词,就有可能70%正确,再结合吴老师的2013高考英语阅读高分秘术(技巧密籍:www.sypeterwu.com),一本,二本不再是梦!同时也为考重点大学满分攻略带来了答案原理依据!现在可以开始预定吴军2013高考英语高分秘诀系统教案啦!单买：146\n2013高考英语阅读3天提分秘术教案原价5000元现6折3000元2013高考英语完形3天提分秘术教案原价5000元现5折2500元2013高考英语语法词汇3天提分秘术原价3000元现5折1500元2012高考英语阅读矩阵法则教案原价3200元现3折960元2012高考英语完形易经法则教案原价3200元现3折960元2012高考英语语法词汇高频考点原价2000元现3折600元2012高考英语高频答案词一本通原价2500元现2折500元2011高考英语阅读高分密码原价3000元现2折600元2011高考英语完形高分密码原价2500元现2折500元全套：(教案不含听力,加盟文字系统版不含电子版及1年辅导和策划服务)2013吴军高考英语迅捷提分秘术学生自学版教师授课版加盟系统版辽宁卷(作文模板及特殊题型免费赠送)4200元12000元20000元新课标(作文模板及特殊题型免费赠送)4200元12000元20000元天津卷(作文模板及特殊题型免费赠送)4500元12000元20000元上海卷(作文模板及特殊题型免费赠送)4500元12000元20000元北京卷(作文模板及特殊题型免费赠送)4500元12000元20000元浙江卷(作文模板及特殊题型免费赠送)4500元12000元20000元四川卷(作文模板及特殊题型免费赠送)4000元12000元20000元重庆卷(作文模板及特殊题型免费赠送)4000元12000元20000元陕西卷(作文模板及特殊题型免费赠送)4000元12000元20000元安徽卷(作文模板及特殊题型免费赠送)4200元12000元20000元广东卷(作文模板及特殊题型免费赠送)4200元12000元20000元湖南卷(作文模板及特殊题型免费赠送)4000元12000元20000元146\n湖北卷(作文模板及特殊题型免费赠送)4500元12000元20000元江西卷(作文模板及特殊题型免费赠送)4000元12000元20000元江苏卷(作文模板及特殊题型免费赠送)4200元12000元20000元全国I(作文模板及特殊题型免费赠送)4000元12000元20000元全国II(作文模板及特殊题型免费赠送)4200元12000元20000元福建卷(作文模板及特殊题型免费赠送)4200元12000元20000元请上www.sypeterwu.com或上百度,输入"沈阳高分英语家教吴军"查询!您孩子或许接受过一对一的大型品牌英语家教服务，甚至一线在职教师的辅导，但绝大多数的情况是，您孩子的英语分数纹丝不动甚至下降了！为什么？花言巧语的广告轰炸和信誓旦旦的保分承诺是让很多家长经不起的诱惑！其实很多品牌家教派给您孩子的家教不过是以前在马路上举牌仅值30-50元/小时的应往届毕业生而已！最终，拿回承诺的退费比登山还难，即使退了，也换不来孩子的分数和本应美好的未来！在职教师有着令人信服的耀眼光环，但该好的当然是好，但该坏的照样是坏的！重点高中的孩子并不是你在职教师教出来的，因为学苗好，都125-130分了，谁教都会一样的好！把普通学校的学生拿给在职教师教，再用在职教师滚瓜烂熟的知识点串讲辅导和拿个五三套题让学生去做，其结果，很难短期内事半功倍！什么北京XX高分突破，60分钟高考英语提分秘诀，2012高分核按纽，选择题高分模板等层出不穷，到底哪个才有效啊？与吴军高分密码有什么区别？有的用名头砸人（比如用北京或上海英语学科带头人，参加过高考出题，享受国务院特殊津贴等作为卖点）；有的用卖成功学陈XX那样的文字广告框人；有的干脆模仿或照抄相关广告文案去骗人，甄别起来，还真是有点困难！真想区别开来，其实是可以找到答案的：骗子是很好鉴别的，一是可以让您的孩子问一些高考英语中阅读和完型很具体的问题，看他或她回答的如何？另外，骗子一般都不留自己的联络地址和电话号码，只留邮箱，QQ号码和银行卡号，让你被骗之后无从寻找。另外，他们还会承诺，不满意，可以退回资料，马上退款，还负责汇款手续费，让你觉得深信不已！其实，仔细想一想，资料都暴漏了，谁拿到后都可以马上复印，若可以退的话，岂不是所有人都可以免费拿到资料了吗？146\n比如，2011年高考的时候就有人假借吴军老师的名义实施骗局！他在网上贴吧和博客上出卖的教案根本不是吴军的核心授课教案,是免费公益版的;另外淘宝网上卖的也是假的,是武汉某某在沈阳吴军高分英语家教网站上或百度文库,英语周报英语教师网及新浪爱问共享资料上免费下载的,是可以免费得到的,然而他却卖你3000元,但其并非吴军本人核心授课教案!声明:没有与沈阳吴军本人联络,且未将款项打入沈阳吴军个人银行帐号的交易与吴军无任何关系,其后果自负!已经上当的家长,请看一下你得到的是类似如下吴军高分教案吗?不要图便宜,还是与吴军本人亲自交易吧!辨别有没有效，好不好使，其实方法也很简单:一要看你教的学生是不是真实的?广告中提分的学员是否留有学校,班级和学生真实姓名及提分幅度?这样一来,知道了班级和姓名就很容易核实了,不符则可称为诈骗,可追究法律责任!不敢留学生真实姓名,只是写上张某某(或从别处粘贴了外地高考状元的照片)并随意说提了50分是不可信的,目的也是可想而知!吴军英语的广告中声称的提分效果,都写明了学校班级和学生姓名及提分幅度,是可信的,也是敢于让公众监督的!比如，吴军英语关于提分在其官网上是这么写的：2012吴军高考英语成绩公告　　2012年高考已经结束，吴军老师今年承接了一对一或一对二，共计87位考生。其中刨出一个最高分136分（本身来时就130分左右）及考前半个月左右才来学的2位考生，平均提分36.7，再创辉煌！其中值得一提的是，吴老师所授的一名学员英语单科成绩竟然提了90多分，再次刷新了吴老师2009年创造的提73分的最高记录！令人兴奋！最高提90分，刷新2009年最高提73分记录！方美乔，鲁美附中高三3班(考前2个月内在翰林补课班上学)，考生号：12210104130592，考场在50中学,高二下学期来吴军老师处学习时,成绩最高时仅36分，通过在1年多每周一次课的学习，2012年高考成绩为126分，提分90多分，刷新了2009年吴老师创造的最高提73分的记录。作为沈阳隆方房地产公司老板的女儿，家庭条件相当优越，但其从不缺乏刻苦专研精神，最后即将以艺考482分的优异成绩考取鲁迅美术学院!重点高中在职教师不行,不妨再找吴老师试试!刘赫绅,22中高三9班,考生号：12210106150716,考场在53中学,通过某位重点高中参加过高考英语出题的在职教师近1年的一对一补课,成绩始终徘徊在70分左右,但考中国民航大学飞行员的英语小分必须达到90分.后来其母亲沈阳雏鹰小学马老师通过2011年考取一本B段涉外高护专业的146\n沈阳4中胡兢元的母亲鼎立推荐,找到了吴军老师,此时距离2012年高考还有不到2个半月的时间,通过每周一、三、五下午17:30-19:00近30课的学习,最终将以2012年高考英语101分的成绩如愿以偿!短期火箭式提分有秘方!高考前3个月,词汇量能达到初三下学期水平,本身有强烈的提分欲望,能刻苦专研，没有心理障碍的学员，基本上，或者说2005-2012历年99%提分。徐可，沈阳4中高三0班，考生号：12210106110515，考场在15中学,总分605（过理科一本线）。2012年高考英语为125分。来时100多分，通过短期10课的学习，分数提了近20分；王天池，沈阳120中，考生号：12210105150840，考场在省实验中学，总分478（过理科二本线）。2012年高考英语为89分。来时接近40分，通过短期集中20多课的学习，分数提了近50分；袁小力，鲁美附中高三1班艺考生，考生号：12210104130667，考场在50中学,总分436。按其成绩排名基本上可以考取鲁美。通过短期集中20课的学习，其由来时的30多分，上升到本次高考66分，分数翻倍，险过小分！蒋同学，沈阳31中高三艺考生，考生号:12210102170004，考场在38中学,通过8次课的集中学习，成绩由原来的80分左右提到2012年高考英语109分！更多提分详细资料，请亲临咨询！对于携带记者证或预交1课学费者，可以全部查询相关提分信息，并任意抽查3-5位同学父母的联络方式核实！也可根据其所在学校班级，二次核实！（链接2011年吴军老师亲授学员成绩公告）吴军亲授考生共83人参加了2011年高考,去掉一个最高分东北育才本部137分,去掉一个艺考最低分(临时只学了7次课,来时33分,2011年高考61分),平均提分31.5分! 2011年沈阳高分英语家教吴军一对一亲授中考生学员共计39人，140分以上占97.17%；130-140之间为0%；120-130之间占2.73%，没有120分以下的。其中21人达到了145分或以上，有“两匹黑马”值得一提，他们一个是辽宁省实验中学北校区初三8班的杨淇，另一位是沈阳7中初三21班的童俊豪，他们来吴军老师这儿学习时均为120分或以下，本次2011年沈阳中考英语成绩均达到了146分。----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------许译鲁美附中高三1班,考生号:11210104130303；宁莹莹鲁美附中高三3班2011届高三文科艺考生,考生号:11210702130017；黄钰乔沈阳27中高三13班,考生号:11210105130331,2011年高考英语分别提高了30-55分不等，已被一批本科鲁迅美术学院和中央美术学院录取！卢涵沈阳铁路中学高三11班2011届高三艺考生,考生号:11210105130901,李奕宣146\n沈阳同泽女中学高三3班2011届高三艺考生,考生号:112101053130422,2011年高考英语成绩分别提高了30-35分不等，已被中国传媒大学文编专业和天津师范大学播音专业录取！李晨晖沈阳2中2011届高三考生,考生号:11210103151002,总分:651分,理科,一本线重点大学,来吴军高分英语前110-120分,本次高考英语成绩为127分;杨嘉睿东北育才双语2011届高三4班考生,考生号:11210102111097,总分:559分,理科,预估一本线,来吴军高分英语前120分,本次高考英语成绩为130分;鲁菲沈阳120中7班2011届高三考生,考生号:11210105110762,总分:544分,理科,一本线,来吴军高分英语前110分,考前共学5课,本次高考英语成绩为119分。姜萧栩沈阳雨田中学初三2班考号：0610201162011年沈阳中考英语成绩为145分；杨淇辽宁省实验中学北校区初三8班考号：0510089062011年沈阳中考英语成绩为146分；王一乾沈阳雨田中学初三2班考号：0610204062011年沈阳中考英语成绩为146分；袁若琳沈阳雨田中学初三1班考号：0610211022011年沈阳中考英语成绩为144分；童俊豪沈阳7中初三21班考号：0310095212011年沈阳中考英语成绩为146分；张天爱沈阳雨田中学初三1班考号：0610194142011年沈阳中考英语成绩为144分。2012吴军高考英语3天提分秘诀辽宁卷效果示例一、知识点和词汇全部押对！举几个2012高考英语辽宁卷单选的例子：吴军老师帮您筛选的30多个形容词和副词，大家看一看，是不是都在下列备选项中？22.Weusedtoseeeachother,butIhaven’theadfromhimsincelastyear.A.especiallyB.regularlyC.particularlyD.approximately有些连知识点都不用，只是通过吴军老师教你的正负/过程和结果解题法就所向披靡了！通过正负，可知A和D可选！再通过过程和结果，可知A.withpleasure强调的是结果，说明借过后，表示荣幸，所以不符！电话还没借呢，故只有D符合。23.—I’mterriblysorrytointerrupt,butmayIuseyourphone?It’sratherurgent.—Yes,.A.withpleasureB.noburryC.itdoesn’tmatterD.ofcourse2012吴军高考语法与词汇单项选择题3天提分密码B-1第25页，Shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。这儿是说根据学校规定学生在校时都必须要穿校服。24.Oneofourrulesisthateverystudentwearschooluniformwhileatschool.146\nA.mightB.couldC.shallD.will2012吴军高考语法与词汇单项选择题3天提分密码B-2第25页，有宾语主动,无宾语被动！follow后面有宾语，with的宾语后面可加形容词、副词、分词、不定式、名词等作宾补，这儿petdog与follow构成主谓关系，所以用following.25.Theoldcoupleoftentakeawalkaftersupperintheparkwiththeirpetdogthem.A.tofollowB.followingC.followedD.follows2012吴军高考英语高频答案词一本通第108页，Rod喜欢拆卸钟表，然而，他从来都不能再重新装好。所以选B项。另外However两边句子相反，看到put……together,当然相反的就是takingapart啦！26.Rodlovesclocks.However,henevermanagestoputthemtogetheragain.A.takingapartB.givingawayC.makingupD.turningoff2012吴军高考语法与词汇单项选择题3天提分密码B-1第6页，one作“一个”，“一本”，“一件”等解，用来代替上文提到过的paper。相当于acopyofpaper.28.Ifyou’rebuyingtoday’spaperfromthestand,couldyougetforme?A.oneB.suchC.thisD.that2012吴军高考语法与词汇单项选择题3天提分密码B-2第13页，把你的钥匙留给你的邻居，以防你把自己锁在外面了。所以选C项。30.Leaveyourkeywithyourneighboryoulockyourselfoutoneday.A.aslongasB.eventhoughC.incaseD.asif2012吴军高考语法与词汇单项选择题3天提分密码B-3第4页，Notuntil位于句首时句子要倒装，considerhavingaholidayabroad这个动作发生在retire之后，所以用一般过去时。32.Notuntilheretiredfromteachingthreeyearsagohavingaholidayabroad.A.hehadconsideredB.hadheconsideredC.heconsideredD.didheconsider2012吴军高考语法与词汇单项选择题3天提分密码B-1第26页，在句型“It’shigh/verytimethat…”中，从句中的谓语动词用did或shoulddo.所以选D项。33.Jackisagreattalker.It’shightimethathesomethinginsteadofjusttalking.146\nA.willdoB.hasdoneC.doD.did2012吴军高考语法与词汇单项选择题3天提分密码B-2第18页，名词性从句4个高频答案词，介词for后面加的是宾语从句，且从句中find缺少宾语，故用whatever，选C。34.ThenewcomerwenttothelibrarytheotherdayandscarchedforhecouldfindaboutMarkTwain.A.whereverB.howeverC.whateverD.whichever二、完形技巧+高频答案词，挑战高分！举几个2012高考英语辽宁卷完形填空的例子来回忆一下吴军老师的完形易经，骄傲一下自己当时精明的选择！首尾或上下段落呼应，复现解决问题！WhenGlenKrugerpickedasmallcatfromananimalshelter,hedidnotexpectmuch.Yetrightfromthestart,eightyearsago,therewasanuncommonconnectionbetweenhimandthesmallblackcat.He36herInky.“Igrewuponahundred-acrefarmandhadonlycats37playmates,”Kruger,Theseventy-year-oldman,says.“Myhearingwasdamagedbythe38offarmepuipment,soIlearnedtoconnectwith39.39.A.animalsB.friendsC.farmersD.neghbors46inapoolofbloodonthebasementfloor,Krugerfelt47goingintoshock（休克）.Heshoutedforhelp,48hiswife,Brenda,wasasleepintheirbedroomattheoppositeendofthehouse.49KrugernoticedInkywatchingfromthetopofthestairs.“GogetBrenda,”KruggersaidtoInky.Inky50tothebedroomdoorandscratched51untilBrendaopenedit.ThenInkyledhertothe52Brendafoundherhusband53thestairsandcalled911.52.A.bedroomB.basementCyardD.house通过同现解决问题！看到rushed后就知道很匆忙，故50空纠结时，通过同现校正答案，就不能误选C了，ran与rushed同现；51空是C还是D呢？Inky是猫，madly146\n更贴切；53空，叫911送医院了，说明掉楼梯底下了。Inky50tothebedroomdoorandscratched51untilBrendaopenedit.ThenInkyledhertothe52Brendafoundherhusband53thestairsandcalled911.Krugerwasrushedtothehospital.50.A.walkedB.ranC.returnedD.withdrew51.A.rapidlyB.suddenlyC.madlyD.urgently53.A.atthebottomofB.inthemiddleofC.atthetopofD.inthefrontof通过正负解决问题！“Myhearingwasdamagedbythe38offarmepuipment,soIlearnedtoconnectwith39.Theyreacttowhattheyseeandwhatyoudo.”38.A.soundB.alarmC.noiseD.voice三、吴军英语阅读迅捷技巧+矩阵法则，挑战满分！找不到主旨句或四个选项都带中心词时，看出题点，即每段首尾句和有汉语标注的地方等，然后通过复现和同现就解决了！Astronautsonshortershuttlemissions（使命）oftenworkverylongdays.Tasksarescheduledsotightlythatbreaktimesareoftenusedtofinishtheday’swork.ThistypeofscheduteisfartoodemandingforlongmissionsontheInternaitionalSpaceSttation（ISS）.ISScrewmembersusuallyliveinspaceforatleastaquarterofayear.TheyworkfivedaysonandtwodaysofftomimicthenormalwaytheydothingsonEarthasmuchaspossible.Weekendsgivethecrewvaluable.Weekendsgivethecrewvaluabletimetorestanddoafewhoursofhousework.Theycancommunicatewithfamilyandfriendsbyemail,isternetphoneandthrohghPrivatevideoconferenes.Whileastronautscannotgotoabaseballgameoramovieinorbit,therearemanyfamiliaractiveticsthattheycanstillenjoy.Beforeamission.ThefamilyandfriendsofeachISScrewmemberputtogetheracollectionoffamilyphotos,messages,videosandreadingmaterialforTheastromautstolookatwhentheywillbefloating370kilometersabovetheEarth.Duringtheirmissiom,thecrewalsoreceivescarepackageswithCDs,books,magazines,photosandletters.Andasfromearly2010,theinternetbecameavailableontheISS,givingastronaoutsthechancetodosome“websurfing（冲浪）”intheirpersonaltime.Besidesrelaxingwiththesemorecommomentertainments,astromautscansimplyenjoytheexperienceoflivinginspace.ManyastronautssaythatoneofthemostrelaxingthingstodoinspaceistolookoutthewindowandstareattheuniverseandtheEarth’svastlandmassandoceans.63.Thepassagemainlydiscusseshowastronauts.（2012辽宁卷阅读B篇）A.workforlongermissionsinspaceB.connectwithpeopleontheEarthC.observetheEarthfromspaceD.spendtheirfreetimeinspace146\n词汇13大解题思路使您茅塞顿开！本题仅用代入法就解决了问题！Astronautsonshortershuttlemissions（使命）oftenworkverylongdays.Tasksarescheduledsotightlythatbreaktimesareoftenusedtofinishtheday’swork.ThistypeofscheduteisfartoodemandingforlongmissionsontheInternaitionalSpaceSttation（ISS）.ISScrewmembersusuallyliveinspaceforatleastaquarterofayear.TheyworkfivedaysonandtwodaysofftomimicthenormalwaytheydothingsonEarthasmuchaspossible.Weekendsgivethecrewvaluable.Weekendsgivethecrewvaluabletimetorestanddoafewhoursofhousework.60.Whatdoestheword“minic”inParagraph1probablymean?（2012辽宁卷阅读B篇）A.FindB.CopyC.ChangeD.Lose找到minic这个动词的宾语way，waytheydothings做事的方式，Find发现？；Copy模仿？Change改变？Lose失去？waytheydothings做事的方式，当然是模仿做事的方式喽！A大于B，则选A。Inthepasttwodecades,theChinesestudiesprogramshavegainedhugepopularityinWesternuniversities.Morerecently,theChinesegovernmenthassetupConfuciusInstitutesinmorethan80countries.TheseschoolsteachbothChineselanguageandculture.ThemaincoursesofChinesecultureusuallyincludedChineseart,historyandphilosophy（哲学）.SomesocialscientistssuggestthatWesternersshouldtakeadvantagesoftheancientChinesewisdomtomakeupforthedrawbacksofWesternersphilosophy.StudentsintheUnitedStates,atthesametime,areracingtolearnChinese.SotheywillbereadyforlifeinaworldwhereChinaisanequalpowerwiththeUnitedStates.BusinessmenwhohopetomakemoneyinChinaarereadingbooksaboutConfuciustounderstandtheirChinesecustomers.65.WecanlearnfromParagraph4thatAmericanstudents______。（2012辽宁卷阅读C篇）A.haveagreatinterestinstudyingChineseB.takeanactivepartinChinesecompetitionsC.trytogethighscoresinChineseexamsD.fightforachancetolearnChinese65题根据题干关键字Americanstudents文章定位，就近原则参考点为racingtolearnChinese.有些同学在A和D之间纠结。如果确实区分有困难的话，可以根据“A大于D，则选A。”原则，则选A。146\n矩阵法则解题:出题点;与中心词沾边;答案特征;答题步骤;核对规则.69.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?（2012辽宁卷阅读D篇）A.Thecustomerswhocannotpaycanwordasvolunteersinstead.B.MorevolunteerswillgotonewOrleansforthehurricanecleanup.C.Manynewcafeswillbeopenedtoofferfreelunchesinthetown.D.Thelunchmenuhasremainedthesamesincethecaféwasstarted.69题出题点在尾句,更有出题信号词instead ;选项中A是前后矛盾的句子,符合答案特征;选项A中含有的volunteers是文章反复出现的中心词,所以答案就可以选A了.四、洞穿7选5秘诀,吴军高考英语运筹帷幄！答题步骤:首句定位;排比;逻辑关系;指代+同现或复现;连接词+同现或复现;先易后难,缩小范围,从而高分突破!HowtoMakeFriendsFriendshipisaveryimportanthumanrelationshipandeveryoneneedsgoodfriends.Goodfriendshiphasmanybenefits.Itofferscompanionship,improvesself-worthandpromotesgoodhealth.Therearetimesinourlivessuchaswhenwehaverecentlymovedintoanewtown,orchangedourjobsorschools.Suchchangesoftenleavesuswithoutafriend71.Butformanyofustheprocessisdifficultandrequirescourage.Belowaresomehelpfulsuggestionsonhowtomakeandkeepfriends.1.Associatewithothers.Thefirststeptomakingfriendsisassociatingwithotherpeople.Youcangotopublicplacestomeetnewpeople.Besides,youwillneedtomakeyourselfknownbybecominganactivememberofsuchplaces.2.StartaconversationStartingaconversationisthesecondmostimportantstepinmakingnewfriends.72Youcanalwaysstarttheconversation.Beingabletomakesmalltalkisaveryusefulskillinrelatingwithotherpeople.3.73Choosingfriendswithcommoninterestsisimportantinbuildingfriendshipastheseinterestswouldalwaysbringyouandyourfriendtogether,Hangingoutwillalwaysbeapleasantexperience.4.Letitgrow.Itisagoodthingtostayintouch.However,trynottopressyournewfriendwithcalls,messagesorvisitsasthiswouldlikelywearhimorheroutandfinallyyoumayloseyourfriend.74.Thebestfriendshipsaretheonesthatgrownaturally.146\n5.EnjoyyourfriendshipThebestwaytoenjoyyourfriendshipistoallowyourfriendstobethemselves.75Trynottochangethemfromwhotheyaretowhatyouwantthemtobe.Becomethekindoffriendyouwillwantyourfriendtobetoyou.A.Becheerful.B.Dothingstogether.C.Donotwaittobespokento.D.Trynottofindfaultwithyourfriends.E.Makingnewfriendscomeseasyforsomepeople.F.Forafriendshiptodevelopyouneedtostayintouch.G.Soyouwillneedtogiveyourfriendtimetoreacttoyou.71空发现复现词friend,根据吴军高考英语7选5法则转折关系(形容词或副词相反,转折),选E;72空根据吴军7选5法则同现原则,spokento与conversation关联,所以选C;73空看到每段都是祁使句,而只有B项中有与原文中的复现词together,所以选B;74空就近原则指代一致you,复现一致yourfriend,所以选G;75空后面有them,说明前面有复数名词,再加上否定句结构排比Trynotto,所以75空选D.五、改错探秘,吴军教案看7遍,错点全部找到！DearDiana,Thankyouforthelovelydaywehavewithyou.ItwassokindforyoutoletusbringAnne'shadoffriend.Gina.Unfortunate,theonlyproblemwasthejourneyhome.TherehadbeenaterribleUnfortunatelyaccidentonthehighwayand,foraresult,therewasalonglineoftrafficforatleastsixmile.Inasmilestheend,wedrovetoaservicestationandwaitedthereunlesstheroadwasclear.Inthecarparkuntilhere,Ginanearlygotknockedoveras∧cardroveoutfartooquicklyfrombehindalorry.TheythereaWefinallydroppedGinaoffatherparents'andmadeourownwaytohome.请购买2012高考英语3天提分秘诀教案(增购7选5和改错版)的顾客仔细核对:1.第1句have→had,参考吴军改错教案一23页,由后面的was可知，这儿应该用过去时态。146\n2.第2句for→of,参考吴军改错教案二3页押中原题,It’skindofyou为固定用法。3.第3句Unfortunate→Unfortunately,参考吴军改错教案一18页押中原题,用副词作状语。4.第4句for→as,考吴军改错教案二2页,asaresult固定搭配。5.第4句mile→miles,参考吴军改错教案一4-5页,mile是可数名词，并且前面是six.6.第5句unless→until,考吴军改错教案二4-5页,这儿后面一句是一个时间状语从句，意思是我们一直等到路通了。7.第6句here→there,参考吴军改错教案一16-19页,叙述的是别的地方发生的事，所以用there.8.第6句car前加a,参考吴军改错教案一1页,car不是特指，并且是可数名词，所以前面要加a.9.第7句they→we,参考吴军改错教案一9页押中原题,叙述的是我们做的事，所以用we.10.第7句去掉to,参考吴军改错教案二2页押中原题,makeone’swayhome中home为副词，所以前面不用介词to。2013吴军高考英语迅捷提分秘术!版权所有,侵权必究!同行抄袭可耻,转载注明出处!沈阳吴军高分英语家教地址：铁西区启工街地铁口旁第一城A组团3号一层网址:www.sypeterwu.com电话：2012高考英语翻盘逆转押题预测必考点知识清单主讲人：吴军第一部分：单项选择定语从句出题思路预测先行词n./pron---被定语从句修饰的,根据先行词选择连接词物：which/that//whose人：who/whom/that/whose当先行词与连接词后面的名词n存在所属关系时（…的）〖2012定从预测1〗Myfriendshowedmeroundthetown,wasverykindofhim.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it〖2012定从预测2〗Theroadconditionsthereturnedouttobeverygood,______wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.itB.whatC.whichD.that〖2012定从预测3〗I’vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool146\n____ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which〖2012定从预测4〗Thesettlementishometonearly1,000people,manyoflefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.A.whomB.whichC.themD.those〖2012定从预测5〗Aperson______e-mailaccountisfullwon’tbeabletosendorreceiveanye-mails.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.whoever〖2012定从预测6〗Inchina,thenumberofcitiesisincreasing______developmentisrecognizedacrosstheworld.A.whereB.whichC.whoseD.that〖2012定从预测7〗Lastmonth,partofSoutheastAsiawasstruckbyfloods,fromeffectsthepeoplearestillsuffering.A.thatB.whoseC.thoseD.whatas与which均可替代整个主句在非限制性定语从句中，均可替代整个主句.如从句在主句之后，两者皆可用；如从句在主句之前，用as。介词/逗号后,永远不用that!Theyfailedintheexam，as/whichisnatural.Asisknowntoall，theearthmovesaroundthesun.HepassedtheCollegeEntranceExamination,madehisparentsveryhappy.A.asB.whichC.thatD.it〖2012定从预测8〗_____isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth. A.It  B.As  C.That  D.What      比较：___isknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.〖2012定从预测9〗Jimpassedthedrivingtest,surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.A.whichB.thatC.thisD.it〖2012定从预测10〗____isreportedinthenewspapers,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What〖2012定从预测11〗Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers,______,ofcourse,madetheothersenvyhim. A.who  B.that  C.what  D.which   〖2012定从预测12〗____hasbeenannounced,weshallhaveourfinalexamsnextmonth. A.That  B.As  C.It  D.What 146\n地点：where/which/that时间：when/which/that〖2012定从预测13〗TheScienceMuseum,wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,isoneofLondon’stouristattractions.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where〖2012定从预测14〗Icanthinkofmanycases_____studentsobviouslyknewalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldn’twriteagoodessay. A.why   B.which  C.as  D.where 〖2012定从预测15〗Occasionsarequiterare.Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.A.whoB.whichC.whyD.when〖2012定从预测16〗Wearelivinginanage______manythingsaredoneoncomputer. A.which  B.that  C.whose  D.when 〖2012定从预测17〗Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome_______Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.A.until        B.that        C.when        D.where怎么确定关系代词前用什么介词?（1）定语从句中动词和什么介词搭配Guncontrolisasubject_____Americanshavearguedforalongtime.(aboutwhich---argueaboutsth)Thereisnoone_____shecanturnwhenintrouble(towhom----turntosbforhelp)（2）先行词常和什么介词搭配。Thereason_________hewaslatewasthathegotuplate.(forwhich-----thereasonfor)〖2012定从预测18〗Windpowerisanancientsourceofenergywemayreturninthenearfuture.A.onwhichB.bywhichC.towhichD.fromwhich〖2012定从预测19〗GuncontrolisasubjectAmericanshavearguedforalongtime.A.ofwhichB.withwhichC.aboutwhichD.intowhich〖2012定从预测20〗Formanycitiesintheworld,thereisnoroomtospreadoutfurther,NewYorkisanexample.A.forwhichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.fromwhich〖2012定从预测21〗Bynineo’clock,alltheOlympictorchbearershadreachedthetopofMountQomolangma,appearedararerainbowsoon.146\nA.ofwhichB.onwhichC.fromwhichD.abovewhich易错点:插入语和定语干扰!〖2012定从预测22〗Sheshowedthevisitorsaroundthemuseum,theconstructionhadtakenmorethanthreeyears.A．forwhichB．withwhichC．ofwhichD．towhich〖2012定从预测23〗Thenewlybuiltcafé,thewallsof_______arepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,speciallyafterhardwork.A.thatB.itC.whatD.which〖2012定从预测24〗MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers,,ofcourse,madealltheothersupset.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that〖2012定从预测25〗Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneofIhadevermetbefore.A.themB.whoC.whomD.these〖2012定从预测26〗Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,wantedtobuyit.A.noneofthemB.bothofthemC.noneofwhomD.neitherofwhom定语从句真题练习〖2009辽宁〗They’vewontheirlastthreematches,________IfindabitsurprisingA.thatB.whenC.whatD.which〖2007辽宁〗Ericreceivedtrainingincomputerforoneyear,hefoundajobinabigcompany.A.afterthat\B.afterwhichC.afteritD.afterthis〖2006辽宁〗Iwastoldthattherewereabout50foreignstudentsChineseintheschool,mostwerefromGermany.A.study;ofwhomB.study;ofthemC.studying;ofthemD.studying;ofwhom〖2004辽宁〗Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%______aresoldabroad. A.ofwhich  B.whichof  C.ofthem  D.ofthat  DBDA名词性从句出题思路预测区别什么从句应看主句，主句不完整时从句肯定是名词性从句。主句完整时，从句可能是定语从句，状语从句，或者同位语从句。Ihaveforgotten∧wherewewentyesterday.Wherewewentyesterday∧iscoveredwithallkindsofflowers.146\nOh!Thisis∧wherewecameyesterday.Thisistheplacewherewecameyesterday.Here,hemadethepromisethathewouldcomehere10yearslater.Iwillmakeamarkwherehemadethepromise.whereunemploymentandcrimearehigh,itcanbeassumedthatthelatterisduetotheformer.需要用什么引导词看从句。名词性从句中缺什么意思用什么意思的引导词;缺名词性成份时，指人用who/whom，指物用what;不缺意思和成份时用that。That只有在宾语从句中可以省略。〖2011江西卷〗Thevillagershavealreadyknownwe’lldoistorebuildthebridge.A．thisB．thatC．whatD．which〖2011四川卷〗Ourteachersalwaystellustobelieveinwedoandwhoweareifwewanttosucceed.A.whyB.howC.whatD.which〖2011陕西卷〗I’dliketostartmyownbusiness–that’sI’ddoifIhadthemoney.A.whyB.whenC.whichD.what易错点:插入语干扰!〖2012名词性从句预测1〗Thecompaniesareworkingtogethertocreatetheyhopewillbethebestmeansoftransportinthe21stcentury.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.who〖2012名词性从句预测2〗wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.A.ItB.ThisC.WhatD.As〖2012名词性从句预测3〗Theshopkeeperdidnotwanttosellforhethoughtwasnotenough.A.whereB.howC.whatD.which[1]Inmyeyes,_______isknowntoall_____Chineseeconomyhastakenoff.[2]______isknowntoall,Chineseeconomyhastakenoff.[3]Itooksomemedicineforthebadcold,but_____didn’thelp.[4]Itooksomemedicineforthebadcold,______didn’thelp.[5]Ifind______isapitythathefailedinthedrivingtest.A.whichB.thatC.itD.As〖2012名词性从句预测4〗isknowntousallisthatthe2014OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinL.146\nA.ItB.WhatC.AsD.WhichWhether是解!不充当从句的任何成分，表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性。不可以省略。通常，引导主语从句、表语从句和引导同位语从句时，要用连词whether，不用if；习惯上也只能说whetherornot，而不说if…ornot。____the2000OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.A.WheneverB.IfC.WhetherD.That试题中的从句位于句首，不难知道这是一个主语从句，所以答案是C。但是在宾语从句中表达“是否”既可用if也可用whether。主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,只能用whether引导，不能用if.主语从句Whetheritistrueremainsaproblem.这件事是否真实还是个问题。表语从句Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtiswhethermymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.医生真正怀疑的是我母亲能否很快从重病中恢复过来。同位语从句IamindoubtwhetherIshouldagreetotheplan.〖2012名词性从句预测5〗We’veofferedherthejob,butIdon’tknow______she’llacceptit.A.whereB.whatC.whetherD.which〖2012名词性从句预测6〗Elephantshavetheirownwaytotelltheshapeofanobjectanditisroughorsmooth.A./B.whetherC.howD.what〖2012名词性从句预测7〗Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis_____mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.A.whenB.howC.whetherD.why名词性从句真题练习〖2006辽宁〗makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.A.WhatB.WhoC.WhateverD.WhoeverA状语从句出题思路预测转折关系:but,however,Altough,Though,什么时候选?146\n〖2011四川卷〗FrankinsistedthathewasnotasleepIhadgreatdifficultyinwakinghimup.A.whetherB.althoughC.forD.so〖2009湖南〗______thepolicethoughthewasthemostlikelyone,sincetheyhadnoexactproofaboutit,theycouldnotarresthim.A.AlthoughB.AslongasC.IfonlyD.Assoonas〖2007全国Ⅰ〗Betweenthetwogenerations,itisoftennottheirage,theireducationthatcausesmisunderstanding.A.likeB.asC.orD.but〖2007湖南〗Realityisnotthewayyouwishthingstobe,northewaytheyappeartobe,_______thewaytheyactuallyare.A.asB.orC.butD.and〖2012状从预测1〗Excusemeforbreakingin,_______Ihavesomenewsforyou.A.soB.andC.butD.yet[1]Itwasinthiscity______hewasborn.[2]Itwasthiscity______hewasborn.[3]Itwasin1989______hewasborn.[4]Itwasthreedays_____hewasborn.[5]Itisthreedays_____hewasborn.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.beforeE.since〖20100陕西〗Johnthinksitwon’tbelongheisreadyforhisnewjob.A.whenB.afterC.beforeD.since〖2008北京〗I’msorryyou’vebeenwaitingsolong,butit’llstillbesometime___Briangetsback.A.beforeB.sinceC.tillD.after〖2011四川卷〗Asitreported,itis100yearsQinghuaUniversitywasfounded.A.whenB.beforeC.afterD.since〖2012状从预测2〗ThefieldresearchwilltakeJoanandPaulaboutfivemonths;itwillbealongtimewemeetthemagain.A.afterB.beforeC.sinceD.when146\n〖2012状从预测3〗Hewastoldthatitwouldbeatleastthreemoremonthshecouldrecoverandreturntowork.A.whenB.beforeC.sinceD.that〖2012状从预测4〗Thatwasreallyasplendidevening.It’syearsIenjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.whenB.thatC.beforeD.sincebut,however,althoughdidn’tUnless/if...notneverWithout接名词,主句有would或coulduntilso,therefore,asaresult,accordinglybecause,since,as,for前后两句一肯一否，除了转折关系,2009-2011年考的更多的是因果关系,until和unless.However和instead同时出现在选项中时，容易选instead；However和otherwise同时出现在选项中时容易选otherwise；but和so同时出现在选项中时容易选so（therefore）；but和because同时出现在选项中时容易选because（as,since），具体结合语境。〖2008北京〗—DidyoureturnFred’scall?—Ididn’tneedto____I’llseehimtomorrow.A.thoughB.unlessC.whenD.because〖2006北京〗Hefounditincreasinglydifficulttoread,hiseyesightwasbeginningtofail.A.andB.forC.butD.or〖2007天津〗Itisdifficultforustolearnalessoninlife______we’veactuallyhadthatlesson.A.untilB.afterC.sinceD.when〖2006广东〗“Youcan’thavethisfootballback_____youpromisenottokickitatmycatagain.”theoldmansaidfirmly.A.because B.since C.when D.until〖2010上海〗ourmanagerobjectstoTom’sjoiningtheclub,weshallaccepthimasamember.A.UntilB.UnlessC.IfD.After〖2010全国Ⅰ〗Thelittleboywon’tgotosleep______hismothertellshimastory.A.orB.unlessC.butD.whether146\nsothat(宾语从句后面有can)是解!〖2005北京〗I’dliketoarrive20minutesearlyIcanhavetimeforacupoftea.A.assoonasB.asaresultC.incaseD.sothat〖2004全国I〗Rosesneedspecialcare______theycanlivethroughwinter.A.becauseB.sothatC.evenifD.as〖2003安徽春〗Sallyworkedlateintheeveningtofinishherreport______herbosscouldreaditfirstthingnextmorning.A.sothatB.becauseC.beforeD.orelse〖2002NMET〗Johnshuteverybodyoutofthekitchen_________hecouldpreparehisgrandsurprisefortheparty.A.whichB.whenC.sothatD.asifincase(万一,以防)是解!〖2011山东卷〗Hehadhiscameraready_____hesawsomethingthatwouldmakeagoodpicture.A.evenifB.ifonlyC.incaseD.sothat〖2010浙江〗Iguesswe’vealreadytalkedaboutthisbeforebutI’llaskyouagainjust.A．bynatureB.inreturnC．incaseD．bychance〖2007北京〗Leaveyourkeywithaneighboryoulockyourselfoutoneday.A.eversinceB.evenifC.soonafterD.incaseWhile◆主句从句主语不同,表示“而…”Idoeverysinglebitofhousework__myhusbandBobjustdoesthedishesnowandthen.A.sinceB.whileC.whenD.as◆While置于句首可表示Aslongas或AlthoughWhileIadmithisgoodpoints,Icanseehisbadones.（2008湖南)______theInternetisofgreathelp,Idon’tthinkit’sagoodideatospendtoomuchtimeonit.A.IfB.WhileC.BecauseD.As〖2011四川卷〗volleyballishermainfocus,she’salsogreatatbasketball.A.SinceB.OnceC.UnlessD.While〖2010全国Ⅰ〗Marymadecoffee________herguestswerefinishingtheirmeal.A.sothatB.althoughC.whileD.asif〖2008湖南〗theInternetisofgreathelp,Idon’tthinkit’sagoodideatospendtoomuchtimeonit.146\nA.IfB.WhileC.BecauseD.As〖2008四川〗Insomeplaceswomenareexpectedtoearnmoneymenworkathomeandraisetheirchildren.A.butB.whileC.becauseD.thoughwhere〖2010重庆〗Today,wewillbegin_____westoppedyesterdaysothatnopointwillbeleftout.A.whenB.whereC.howD.what〖2009江苏〗__unemploymentandcrimearehigh,itcanbeassumedthatthelatterisduetotheformer.A.BeforeB.WhereC.UnlessD.Until〖2009山东〗Thelittlegirlwhogotlostdecidedtoremain_____shewasandwaitforhermother.A.whereB.whatC.howD.who〖2004全国III〗Thereweredirtymarksonhertrousers____shehadwipedherhands.A.whereB.whichC.whenD.thataslongas〖2010江西〗—Ourholidaycostalotofmoney.—Didit?Well,thatdoesn’tmatter______youenjoyedyourselves.AaslongasBunlessCassoonasDthoughHowever\WhateverHowever接形容词或副词!However(=Nomatterhow)expensiveitmaybe,I’lltakeit.无论它有多贵，我也要买下它。_______,Ihavetoputitawayandfocusmyattentiononstudythisweek.A.HoweverthestudyisamusingB.NomatteramusingthestoryisC.HoweveramusingthestoryisD.NomatterhowthestoryisamusingWhatever接名词或从句谓语动词少宾语!Whatever(=Nomatterwhat)IsayorhowIsayit,healwaysthinksI’mwrong.无论我说什么或怎么说，他总认为是我错。Theoldtowermustbesaved,thecost.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.wherever〖2010上海〗youmayhave,youshouldgatheryourcouragetofacethechallenge.A.HoweveraseriousproblemB.WhataseriousproblemC.HoweverseriousaproblemD.Whatseriousaproblem146\n〖2008全国Ⅰ〗Thelawyerseldomwearsanythingotherthanasuit______theseason.A.whateverB.whereverC.wheneverD.however什么情况下When是答案？◆beabouttodo….When…=beonthepointofdoing…when…◆Was/weredoing…when…Itwasrainingwhenwearrived.(指时间点)〖2004上海〗Jasminewasholidayingwithherfamilyinawildlifepark_____shewasbittenonthelegbyalion.A.when               B.while                C.since              D.onceWhenwewereatschool,wewenttothelibraryeveryday.(在一段时间内)〖2007北京〗—Where’sthatreport?—IbroughtittoyouyouwereinMr.Black’sofficeyesterday.A.ifB.whenC.becauseD.before◆Hadjustdone…when…hardly/scarcely…when…和nosooner…than…〖2009福建〗Shehadjustfinishedherhomeworkhermotheraskedhertopracticeplayingthepianoyesterday.A.whenB.whileC.afterD.since◆受思维定势看到so容易错选that，符合逻辑应该是when！〖2009重庆〗Peter was so excited_______he received an invitation from his friendto visitChongqing.A.where       B.thatks5uC.why         D.when〖2008福建〗NancyenjoyedherselfsomuchshevisitedherfriendsinSydneylastyear.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where〖2010四川〗Becauseoftheheavytraffic,itwasalreadytimeforlunchbreakshegottoheroffice.A.sinceB.thatC.whenD.until〖2009福建〗Shehadjustfinishedherhomeworkhermotheraskedhertopracticeplayingthepianoyesterday.A.whenB.whileC.afterD.since146\n〖2007北京〗—Where’sthatreport?—IbroughtittoyouyouwereinMr.Black’sofficeyesterday.A.ifB.whenC.becauseD.before〖2006湖南〗IhadjuststeppedoutofthebathroomandwasbusydryingmyselfwithatowelIheardthesteps.A.whileB.whenC.sinceD.after〖2004上海〗Jasminewasholidayingwithherfamilyinawildlifepark_____shewasbittenonthelegbyalion.A.when               B.while                C.since              D.once状语从句真题练习〖2010辽宁〗TheoldmanaskedLucytomovetoanotherchair__hewantedtositnexttohiswife.A．althoughB．unlessC．becauseD．if〖2008辽宁〗______hungryIam.Ineverseemtobeabletofinishoffthisloafofbread.A.WhateverB.WheneverC.WhereverD.However〖2008辽宁〗IusedtolovethatfilmIwasachild,butIdon’tfeelitthatwayanymore.A.onceB.whenC.sinceD.although〖2007辽宁〗Wehadtowaithalfanhourwehadalreadybookedatable.A.sinceB.althoughC.untilD.before〖2006辽宁〗Hewasabouthalfwaythroughhismealafamiliarvoicecametohisears.A.whyB.whereC.whenD.whileCDBBC非谓语出题思路预测有宾语主动,无宾语被动Heseatshimselfatthebackoftheclassroom.（做谓语）Seatinghimselfatthebackoftheclassroom,hecan’tseethewordsontheblackboardclearly.（做状语）Heisseatedatthebackoftheclassroom.（做谓语）Seatedatthebackoftheclassroom,hecan’tseethewordsontheblackboardclearly.（做状语）Dressed(dress)inanewbeautifuldress,shefeelsmoreconfident.Comparedto/withcars,bicycleshavesomeadvantages.Judgingfromhisexpression/lookonhisface,heisfarfromsatisfactory.Seenfromspace,theearthlooksblue.146\nTastinggood,thefoodwassoonsoldout.【2011重庆卷】MichaelputupapictureofYaoMingbesidethebedtokeephimselfofhisowndreams.A.remindingB.toremindC.remindedD.remind【2011陕西卷】Clairehadherluggageanhourbeforeherplaneleft.A.checkB.checkingC.tocheckD.checked【2011陕西卷】MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina,_itmucheasierforpeopletotravelformoneplacetoanother.A.makingB.madeC.tomakeD.havingmade【2011全国卷II】Sarahpretendedtobecheerful,_nothingabouttheargument.A.saysB.saidC.tosayD.saying【2011天津卷】intoEnglish,thesentencewasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder.A.TranslatingB.TranslatedC.TotranslateD.Havingtranslated【2011上海春招】Mikefoundhismissingcarinthestreetoutsidehishouse,newlycleanedandpolished.A.lookedB.tolookC.lookingD.tobelooking【2011上海春招】in1955,DisneylandinCaliforniaisregardedbymanyastheriginalfunpark.A.OpenedB.HavingopenedC.OpeningD.Beingopened【2011全国卷II】Theisland,tothemainlandbyabridge,iseasytogoto.A.joiningB.tojoinC.joinedD.havingjoined【2011湖南卷】Theplayersfromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonorinthissummergame.AselectingBtoseleceCselectedDhavingselected【2011江西卷】Onreceivingaphonecallfromhiswifeshehadafall,Mr.Gordenimmediatelyrushedhomefromhisoffice.A.saysB.saidC.sayingD.tosay【2011浙江卷】Batsaresurprsinglylong-livedcreatures,somealifespanofaround20years.A.havingBhadC.haveD.tohave不及物动词做状语只有working和towork两种形式,相当于及物动词后面有了宾语doingsth/todosth.没有worked形式!146\n【2011全国卷】Thenextthinghesawwassmokefrombehindthehouse.A.roseB.risingC.toriseD.risen〖2010安徽〗Hehadawonderfulchildhood,_____withhismothertoallcornersoftheworldA.travelB.totravelC.traveledD.traveling〖2010湖南〗Dina,formonthstofindajobasawaitress,finallytookapositionatalocaladvertisingagency.A.strugglingB.struggledC.havingstruggledD.tostrugglehavesthtodotheonly(best,first等)waytodobedonetodosth【2011重庆卷】MoreTVprograms,accordingtogovernmentofficials,willbeproducedpeople’sconcernoverfoodsafety.A.toraiseB.raisingC.tohaveraisedD.havingraised【2011天津卷】Passeagersarepermittedonlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.A.tocarryB.carryingC.tobecarriedD.beingcarried〖2010上海〗Thaiistheonlywaywecanimaginetheoveruseofwaterinstudents’bathrooms.A.reducingB.toreduceC.reducedD.reduce〖2007全国I〗—Thelastone_________paysthemeal.—Agreed!A.arrivedB.arrivesC.toarriveD.arriving接双宾动词少一个宾语即被动done做状语!【2011四川卷】animportantroleinanewmovie,Andyhasachancetobecomefamous.A.OfferB.OfferingC.OfferedD.Tooffer〖2009江西〗_____therightkindoftraining,theseteenagesoccerplayersmayonedaygrewtheinternationalstars.A.GivingB.HavinggivenC.TogiveD.Given〖2005福建〗When_______help,oneoftensays“Thankyou.”or“It’skindofyou.”A．offeringB．toofferC．tobeofferedD．offered146\n〖2003北京〗____time,he’llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.A.HavinggivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Given非谓语真题练习【2011辽宁卷】aroundthefire,thetouristsdancedwiththelocalpeople.A.GatherB.TogatherC.GatheringD.Tobegathering〖2010辽宁〗Alexandertriedtogethiswork_______inthemedicalcircles.A.torecognizeB.recognizingC.recognizeD.recognized〖2009辽宁〗______,youneedtogiveallyouhaveandtryyourbest.ABeingawinnerBTobeawinnerCBeawinnerDHavingbeenawinner〖2008辽宁〗Hewasbusywritingastory,onlyonceinawhiletosmokeacigarette.A.tostopB.stoppingC.tohavestoppedD.havingstopped〖2007辽宁〗Youcan’timaginewhatdifficultywehad______homeinthesnowstorm.A.walkedB.walkC.towalkD.walking〖2007辽宁〗ThecrowdcheeredwildlyatthesightofLiuXiang,whowasreported______theworldrecordinthe110-meterhurdlerace.A.breakingB.havingbrokenC.tohavebrokenD.break〖2004辽宁〗bythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarm.A.AttractingB.AttractedC.TobeattractedD.Havingattracted.CDBBDCB情态动词canbe可表示“有时候会”，猜测时，can/could用于疑问句和否定句；mustbe只用于肯定句/表示很有把握的猜测/翻译成“肯定/一定”；may/mightbe用于肯定句/表示没有把握的猜测/翻译成“可能也许”.〖2011湖南卷〗Noone________becomparedwithYaoMinginplayingbasketball.A.canB.needC.mustD.might〖2008福建〗ItisusuallywarminmyhometowninMarch,butitberathercoldsometimes.146\nA.mustB.canC.shouldD.would〖2009安徽〗Somepeoplewhodon’tliketotalkmucharenotnecessarilyshy；theyjustbequietpeople.A.mustB.mayC.shouldD.would〖2008四川〗Althoughthissoundlikeasimpletask,greatcareisneeded.A.mustB.mayC.shallD.should〖2005浙江〗TheWorldWideWebissometimesjokinglycalledtheWorldWideWaitbecauseitbeveryslow.A.shouldB.mustC.willD.can〖2004上海〗Childrenunder12yearsofageinthatcountrybeunderadnlt’ssupervisionwheninapubliclibrary.A.mustB.mayC.canD.needmust可表示“硬要，偏偏”。---Howoldareyou,madam?  ----Ifyoumustknow,I’mtwicemyson’sage.shall可用于一、三人称疑问句表示征求对方的意见或向对方请示。---Shallhecometoseeyou?---I’dratherhedidn’t.也可用于二、三人称陈述句中表示命令、警告、允诺、威胁或法规。---Whatdoesthesignoverhereread?---Nopersonshallsmokeorcarryalightedcigarette,cigarorpipeinthisarea.should可表示“按理说应该”。---WhencanIcallformyTVset? ----Itshouldbereadythisafternoon.也可表示说话人对某事感到意外、惊异、不能理解等，译作“竟然；居然”。Youcan’timaginethatawell-behavedgentlemanshouldbesorudetoalady.2012完形高分策略（SkillsofClozeTests）（课时1－5）一、高考完形填空命题趋势选材特点:以记叙文为主,多以记叙文和夹叙夹意为主命题特点:(1)设空特点:名词\动词(5-8个)为主146\n(2)考点层次分三部:里边层次：(语篇层次30%以上)体现了突出语篇的命题思路句子层次：(占70%左右)单词层次：(只须读懂单词所在句子就能做,分数较少)(3)考查重点:短文第一句不设问.高考完形填空题型特点1.以叙为主,叙议结合;2.篇章短小,意义完整;3.首句完整,主题明确;4.结构清晰,层次分明;5.考查语境,侧重辨析;6.实词为主,虚词为辅;7.逻辑推理,隐于语篇;8.常识语法,每年出现。完型填空之能力训练目标：1.词语辨析能力2.语法结构分析能力3.语篇理解能力4.逻辑推理能力5.文化背景透析能力6.作者意图剖析能力8.生活常识综合运用能力二、考生易失分之处：1、忽视行文逻辑，断章取义，就题论题。2、脱离语境，滥用固定搭配。3、缺乏必要的生活常识和不了解中西文化的差异。做题三忌：v急于求成，未通读全文便忙于答题，不了解文意，无整体概念边读边填，两眼忙于空白与选项之间，欲速则不达。v只抠字眼，语法，不顾文意，抓不住关键。v断章取义，就题论题，不管前后联系，互不照应，前后矛盾。三、做题三步法方法：146\n四、巧解完形填空——高分技巧1、研究首尾——找主题2、上下联系——寻信息3、左顾右盼——找搭配4、思前想后——觅逻辑5、语境分析——辨词义6、集中精力——破难题7、回读检查——补漏洞1、提高阅读能力（速度、理解）2、打好语法基础（固定搭配）3、扩充词汇量（动词、名词）4、增长生活常识，培养广泛的兴趣爱好5、多做多练，以提高实战能力Howtogethighscores？1.正确的答题步骤2.必要的答题技巧3.适量的实践训练九大方法巧解完形146\n一、利用首句来解题，根据全文来选择Ididverybadlyatschool.MyheadmasterthoughtIwas  36  andwhenIwas14hesaid,“You’renevergoingtobe37(anything)butafailure.”   A.bright      B.useless       C.simple     D.hopeful二、根据上下文语境，合理推断来解题Ourfatherwasastrugglinglawyer,butIalwaysknewhewas 37.Henevercriticizedus,butused38tobringoutourbest.   37. A.strict      B.honest      C.special   D.learned38.A.helpB.peaceC.smileD.praisePractice：HisbigstomachhasalwaysballoonedoutbetweenhisT-shirtandtrousers.Althoughhisfamilyoften43aboutthat,Edrefusedtobuya44T-shirtortoloseweight.43.A.caredB.forgotC.quarreledD.joked44.A.cleanB.straightC.largerD.darker三、利用语篇标志解题（三找）常见的标志性的词语有以下几种：结构层次:firstly,secondly,thirdly；逻辑关系：thus,therefore,so；递进关系：besides,what’smore,further;转折关系：but,while,however,ontheotherhand等。Shetoldthefront-deskclerkshehadhada(n)41vacation,butwasheart-brokenaboutlosingseveralrollsofKodakcolorfilmshehadnotyetdeveloped.A.disappointingB.wonderfulC.uncomfortableD.important1、找逻辑关系题（转折、让步、解释、对立、因果、并列、总分、递进）2、找NOT题（在原文中找not）146\n句式结构：前面肯定后面否定、前面否定后面肯定，则选对立关系的词。考点：（以下条件缺一不可）①考查的是一个肯定句和否定句之间的逻辑关系，空前后必须是独立的句子；②出题位置在两个句子之间或第二个句子的开头，不能处在一个句子的末尾或中间；③选项中必须要有对立关系的词。3、找AND题（在原文中找and）考点：①and前后选同义词，词性一致；②and前后选同一范围词；③and前后句子对应成分相同；④在文章中，并列关系词前后如果出题，利用已知关系解题。3、找同现复现原则Liumeiisamongthe__22__ones.TheChineseUniversityofHongKonggranted(答应给）Liuafullscholarship---HK$500,000.Notallstudentsaresofortunate.22.A.poorB.smartC.luckyD.silentFriendshipisoneofthepermanentthemesintheliteratureofalllanguage.…Someofuslike__2__friendswhileotherslikedifferentfriends.PersonallyIpreferboth.Havingsimilarfriendshasmanyadvantages.…2.A.trueB.rightC.sameD.similar四、根据逻辑推理解题…andtheofficersthenbegantoeattheirmeal,sayingthatthemushroomshada146\nverystrange___quitepleasanttaste.A.besidesB.butC.andD.or五、根据常识和文化背景的角度来选择Theamountofusablewaterhasalwaysbeenofgreatinterestintheworld.36(Owning)springsandstreamssometimesmeanscontrol,particularlyinthe37areaslikethedesert.              A．dry     B．distant       C．deserted      D．wild六、从语法角度来解题Iwentintoacaféandaskedforacoffee.  21   Iwaswaitingformydrink,Irealizedthattherewereotherpeopleintheplace,butIsensed 22(loneliness).A．Before      B．Since      C．Although     D．WhileHaveyouevershoutedatateacher,toldsomeoneyouwerelonely,orsaidyouwereinlove,andthen23lateryouhadkeptyourmouthshut?23.A.wishedB.hopedC.blamedD.shared解题思路：利用语法分析解题，选项中的动词都是过去式，其后句宾语从句hadkept是过去完成时，故判断是虚拟。七、从惯用法和固定搭配方面来解题1)Hewasonlyfourteenandwasnotgoodatswimming__1_.Soheshouldn’thavegoneintothatplace.1.A.afterallB.inallC.atallD.forall八、从词语辨析的角度来解题When,twoweekslater,I38thissameboy,IwasmoreawareofmypositioninNigeriansociety.Ishould9(enjoy)thiscountryasthesonofaminister.A.ranafterB.ranintoC.ranoverD.ranto九、同义近义复现来解题Ibelievethatamixtureoffriendsisequallyadvantageous.Onecan___7___146\nfromvarioussortsoffriendsinthreeaspects.First,frequentcontactswithdifferentfriendsbroadenmyworldoutlooks.Justasvariouskindsofnutrimentskeepyouhealthy,makinga__8__offriendskeepyoulively.…Secondly,Ihavefoundthatdifferentfriendscannotonlyleadtonewadventuresbutalsoshowmenewavenuestosuccessinlife.…7.A.obtainB.benefitC.sufferD.earn8.A.rangeB.seriesC.quantityD.variety完型填空实战四招：抓首——抓住首句,预测全文。完形填空所选短文多没有标题,但一般首句是一个不设空(或较简单)的完整的句子,往往用以点明短文的体裁,如议论、说明或叙述等。因此,我们在解题时一定要注意以首句的时态、语态及表述方式为立足点来进行逻辑思维,判断文章体裁,找出文章中心。捕眼——捕捉题眼,寻找契机所谓“题眼”,就是指那些在短文中起重要作用的关键词以及能够帮助我们解决问题问题的特定的语境。捕捉题眼,就是要迅速找到语篇中的特殊的内在联系——那些表示因果、递进、转折、指代等意义的连接词及动词、形容词、副词、同位语等,还有那些明确具体的事实(如时间、地点、人物、形状、色彩、顺序),以及它们之间的关系等。跳身——避难就易,节省时间在解题过程中,我们应该遵循“先易后难”的原则,遇到少数疑难问题时不可徘徊不前。为了不影响做题速度,我们可以暂时跳过难点,去解决那些靠上下文能确定的、比较直接具体的问题。或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或明确的表示,或许一个在前面不能解的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。一般说来,固定词组、习惯搭配、常见句型及明显的语法结构等易于判断。扫尾——复读全文,解决残敌到了这时,借助已经补全的空白,我们应该对全文有了更清楚的理解,可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题,如采用排除法逐步缩小包围圈等方法。对于实在无从下手的个别题目,我们则完全可以凭语感来确定：146\n把几个选项逐一放在空格内念两遍,哪个念起来顺口、舒服就选哪个。注意：凭语感选定的答案不要轻易改动,因为最初的感觉很可能是正确的。在各空都已填出后,再复读全文。我们必须重视这最后的弥补疏漏,改正错误的扫尾机会,以争取最好成绩。真题实战演练（2011·全国新课标卷）完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）Inourdiscussionwithpeopleonhoweducationcanhelpthemsucceedinlife,awomanrememberedthefirstmeetingofanintroductory__36__（同义复现）courseabout20yearsago.（记叙文，回忆、人物、时间、事件education）Theprofessor__37__thelecturehall,placeduponhisdeskalargejarfilledwithdriedbeans（豆）,andinvitedthestudentsto_38_（同义复现）howmanybeansthejarcontained.After__39__shoutsofwildlywrongguessestheprofessorsmiledathin,drysmile,announcedthe__40__answer,（与前面wrong相对应）andwentonsaying,”Youhavejust__41__animportantlessonaboutscience.Thatis:Never__42__yourownsenses.”Twentyyearslater,the__43__（上文提到的人物）couldguesswhattheprofessorhadinmind.He__44__himself,perhaps,asinvitinghisstudentstostartanexciting__45__(概括的是答案)intoanunknownworldinvisible（无形的）tothe46,whichcanbediscoveredonlythroughscientific47.Buttheseventeen-year-oldgirlcouldnotacceptor顺接关系）even48theinvitation.Shewasjust49tounderstandtheworld.Andshe50thatherfirsthandexperiencecouldbethe51.Theprofessor,however,与小女孩的观点相反的saidthatitwas52（与51相对）.hewastakingawayheronly53forknowingandwasprovidingherwithnosubstitute.“Irememberfeelingsmalland54,”（找and）thewomen146\nsays,“andIdidtheonlythingIcoulddo.I55thecoursethatafternoon,andIhaven’tgonenearsciencesince.”（找否定词）36．A.artB.historyC.scienceD.math37．A.searchedfoB.lookedatC.gotthroughD.marchedinto38．A.countB.guessC.reportD.watch39．A.warningB.givingC.turningawayD.listeningto40．A.readyB.possibleC.correctD.difficult41．A.learnedB.preparedC.taughtD.taken42．A.loseB.trustC.sharpenD.show43．A.lecturerB.scientistC.speakerD.woman44．A.describedB.respectedC.sawD.served45．A.voyageB.movementC.changeD.rush46.A.professorB.eyeC.knowledgeD.light47.A.modelB.sensesC.spiritD.methods48.A.hearB.makeC.presentD.refuse49.A.suggestingB.beginningC.pretendingD.waiting50.A.believedB.doubtedC.provedD.explained51.A.growthB.strengthC.faithD.truth52.A.firmB.interestingC.wrongD.acceptable53.A.taskB.toolC.successD.connection54.A.cruelB.proudC.frightenedD.brave55.A.droppedB.startedC.passedD.missed146\n【要点综述】本文是记叙文。二十年前，在第一节理科实验课上，一位教授做了一个实验，这个实验告诉学生们，不要相信自己的判断。正是这个实验让一位妇女以后远离了理科。36.C联系下文animportantlessonaboutscience我们知道，这是一节理科实验课。37.D从空后的placeduponhisdeskalargejarfilledwith…我们可以知道，老师走进了教室。38.B联系空后的howmanybeansthejarcontained我们可以知道，教授让学生们猜一下，这个坛子能装多少豆子。39.D联系空后的shoutsofwildlywrongguesses我们知道，学生们喊出了各种错误的推测，教授听了他们喊出的答案。40.C联系空前的announced和空后的answer我们知道，教授向学生们公布了正确答案。41.A联系空后的animportantlessonaboutscience我们知道，教授认为他们学到了一堂非常重要的理科课程。42.B学生们的推测都是错误的，因此教授说，“不要相信你们的意识。”43.D联系下文Buttheseventeen-year-oldgirlcouldnotaccept…我们知道，这个妇女能够推测教授心里是怎么想的。44.C前文有提示：Theprofessor37(marchedinto)thelecturehall，由此我们可以得出答案。45.A联系空后的intotheunknownworld我们知道，教授的目的是带学生们进行一次激动人心的知识旅行。46.B联系后文whichcanbediscoveredonlythroughscientific47(method)我们知道，这个世界是眼睛看不到的，只有通过科学方法才可以看到。47.D联系前文的invisibletotheeye我们知道，这个世界只有通过科学的方法才可以看到。48.A联系空前的couldnotaccept我们知道，她不能接受，甚至听到这个邀请。or在这里表达前后为顺接关系，因此其他选项可以排除。49.B联系前文的theseventeen-year-oldgirl我们可以推断，这个小女孩年龄很小，只是刚刚开始认识这个世界。50.A空后的herfirsthandexperiencecouldbethe51(truth)是她的认识，因此我们选believed。51.D联系前文我们知道，教授想告诉学生的是第一手经验并不一定是事情的真相，我们要通过科学实验来验证真相，但是小女孩的想法与之相反。52.C联系前文我们可以知道，教授认为小女孩认识世界的方式是错误的。53.B显然空前提到的herfirst-handexperience就是她认识世界的工具。54.C联系下文的haven’tgonenearsciencesince我们知道，她对理科产生了恐惧。55.A联系空后的haven’tgonenearsciencesince我们知道，那天下午她就放弃了理科。D有一定干扰性，miss意思是“错过”，因此可以排除。高考英语完型填空实战演练二（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）Sometimespeoplecalleachother“scared-cat”,buthaveyoueverthoughtaboutthisexpression?Whenacatisfrightened,itsheartstartsbeatingfaster,itsmusclesgettense,andtherearechangesinthechemicalsinitsblood-stream.Althoughthecatdoesn’t16this,itsbodyisgettingreadyforaction.Ifthedangercontinues,thisanimalwilldooneofthetwothings.Itwill17itself,oritwillrunawayasfastasitcan.146\n18,whenpeopleareexcited,angry,scared,orarousedbyotheremotions,ourbodiesalsogothroughmany19changes.Ourheartsbeatfaster,andourmusclesgettense.Allofthesechangesmakeusmorealertandreadytoreact.We,too,getreadytodefendourselves20run.Humanbeings,21,haveaproblemthatanimalsneverface.Ifwegivewaytoourfeelingsandletthem22,wecangetintotrouble.Haveyoueversaidsomethinginanger,orhitsomebodyandregretteditlater?Haveyouevershoutedatateacher,toldsomeoneyouwerelonely,orsaidyouwereinlove,andthen23lateryouhadkeptyourmouthshut?Itisn’talways24toexpressyourfeelingsfreely.Doesthismeanthatit’ssmarteralwaysto25ourfeelings?No!Ifyou26feelingsofanger,sadness,andbitternesshiddenawayorbottledupinside,yourbodystays27.Physicalillnessescandevelop.Itcanactuallybe28foryourhealth.Feelingsthatyoukeepallbottledupinside,don’tjust29.It’slikeyouboughtsomebananasandstucktheminacupboard.Youmightnotbeabletoseethem,but30you’dsmellthem.Andifyouopenedthecupboard,you’d31littlefruitflieshovering(盘旋)alloverthem.They’dberotten.Youcantrytotreatemotions32theywerebananasinthecupboard.Youcan33theydon’texist,butthey’llstillbe34.Andatlastyou’llhaveto35them.Justlikethosebananas.16.A.mindB.admitC.realizeD.remember17.A.saveB.helpC.defendD.hide18.A.TrulyB.FrequentlyC.SimilarlyD.Differently19.A.chemicalB.physicalC.healthD.ill20.A.andB.orC.butD.yet21.A.thereforeB.butC.besidesD.however22.A.takeoffB.takeonC.takeoverD.takeup23.A.wishedB.hopedC.blamedD.shared146\n24.A.usefulB.rightC.easyD.wise25.A.handleB.hurtC.hideD.prevent26.A.keepB.findC.controlD.let27.A.relaxedB.tenseC.sameD.different28.A.goodB.harmfulC.helpfulD.useful29.A.goawayB.goonC.goupD.goout30.A.longbeforeB.asusualC.beforelongD.rightaway31.A.meetB.observeC.catchD.see32.A.asifB.justasC.justafterD.eventhough33.A.pretendB.expectC.decideD.assume34.A.inB.aroundC.overD.beyond35.A.eatupB.dealwithC.throwawayD.sendoutSometimespeoplecalleachother“scared-cat”,buthaveyoueverthoughtaboutthisexpression?Whenacatisfrightened,itsheartstartsbeatingfaster,itsmusclesgettense,andtherearechangesinthechemicalsinitsblood-stream.Althoughthecatdoesn’t16this,itsbodyisgettingreadyforaction.Ifthedangercontinues,thisanimalwilldooneofthetwothings.Itwill17itself,oritwillrunawayasfastasitcan.16.A.mindB.admitC.realizeD.remember解题思路：题眼法\代入法捕捉题眼，寻找契机：所谓“题眼”就是解题线索，就是那些原句中出现的、对解题起重要暗示作用的关键词。找准关键词语,有时题干中带有对解题起着关键作用的词语，如果能迅速找准这些词语，再结合各选项的意义和特点，就能很快选出正确答案。17.A.saveB.helpC.defendD.hide解题思路：没有同义复现或固定搭配，考虑概括的是解。并列结构法:根据文章中表示并列关系的连词或副词如:and/also/or或逗号“，”等，它们的提点是and前后的成分结构相似，意义相关，再做出准确判断。146\n18,whenpeopleareexcited,angry,scared,orarousedbyotheremotions,ourbodiesalsogothroughmany19changes.Ourheartsbeatfaster,andourmusclesgettense.Allofthesechangesmakeusmorealertandreadytoreact.We,too,getreadytodefendourselves20run.18.A.TrulyB.FrequentlyC.SimilarlyD.Differently解题思路：前后呼应法\代入法前后呼应法：做完形填空要始终抓住文章本身，联系“双语境”判断做题，即大语境——全文中心和基调；小语境——空格前后所构成的语意环境；再根据前有伏笔，后有呼应的思路做题。句群、段落、篇章等。语篇与语篇之间往往有表明其内在联系的词语，这些词语被称为“语篇标志”。如表示结构层次的语篇标志语有：firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally等； 表示逻辑关系的语篇标志语有：thus,therefore,so等； 表示改变话题的语篇标志语有：bytheway等； 表示递进关系的语篇标志语有：besides,what’smore,further等； 表示时间关系的语篇标志语有：before,sofar,yet,meanwhile,later等。19.A.chemicalB.physicalC.healthD.ill解题思路：摆脱思维定势，排除“陷阱”chemical，后提示句Ourheartsbeatfaster,andourmusclesgettense.都是physical。20.A.andB.orC.butD.yet解题思路：与前面句子Itwill17itself,oritwillrunawayasfastasitcan.同义复现。同义复现：是英语中常见的一种现象。为强调某一意思，但又不想重复使用某个词，文中前后两处会使用一组同义词或同义词组。由于在完形填空题中，这两个同义词的位置多半比较靠近，很容易找到。无须过多推理，只须确定相同的是哪个意思，然后找出选项中与之相符的一项即可。Humanbeings,21,haveaproblemthatanimalsneverface.Ifwegivewaytoourfeelingsandletthem22,wecangetintotrouble.Haveyoueversaid146\nsomethinginanger,orhitsomebodyandregretteditlater?Haveyouevershoutedatateacher,toldsomeoneyouwerelonely,orsaidyouwereinlove,andthen23lateryouhadkeptyourmouthshut?Itisn’talways24toexpressyourfeelingsfreely.21.A.thereforeB.butC.besidesD.however解题思路：转折特点：but转折法：文中一出现“but”“Although”“though”“however,”“while”等词，应该马上想到前后语意有转折。只要知道其中一方的语意，就可以反向推出另一方的意思，从而解题。完形填空题中，but一词后多半会设题。所以，大家在考试时，只要看到but就做一个标记，遇到类似but这样表转折的词也同样处理。这样便于回到原文去寻找解题的依据。22.A.takeoffB.takeonC.takeoverD.takeup解题思路：and并列结构法,givewayto的同义词let。。take23.A.wishedB.hopedC.blamedD.shared解题思路：利用语法分析解题，选项中的动词都是过去式，其后句宾语从句hadkept是过去完成时，故判断是虚拟。24.A.usefulB.rightC.easyD.wise解题思路：后暗示法，smarter的近义词是。利用暗示和对应解题：虽然重点是对语法、短语和词的辨析、句子结构的考查，但对文章故事情节发展线索的逻辑考查仍是重点。暗示与上下对应的思维方法，是突破此类完形填空最关键的思维方式。Doesthismeanthatit’ssmarteralwaysto25ourfeelings?No!Ifyou26feelingsofanger,sadness,andbitternesshiddenawayorbottledupinside,yourbodystays27.Physicalillnessescandevelop.Itcanactuallybe28foryourhealth.25.A.handleB.hurtC.hideD.prevent解题思路：同义复现法146\n26.A.keepB.findC.controlD.let解题思路：利用语法分析解题，动词可以带宾补hiddenawayorbottledupinside。27.A.relaxedB.tenseC.sameD.different解题思路：跨段落篇章复现tense查找文章多处反复复现概念的已知词：复现可以是相同的词在文章的不同地方重复出现。复现的解题意义在于：如果判断出一个未知填空与上下文的那些已知词汇有复现关系，只要从选项中选出与那些词汇意义相同的就是正确答案。28.A.goodB.harmfulC.helpfulD.useful解题思路：利用关联成分，将illnesses设置成已知，另一个是未知的，这样那个已知的词语便成为破解未知词语的关键线索。illnesses会对health？Feelingsthatyoukeepallbottledupinside,don’tjust29.It’slikeyouboughtsomebananasandstucktheminacupboard.Youmightnotbeabletoseethem,but30you’dsmellthem.Andifyouopenedthecupboard,you’d31littlefruitflieshovering(盘旋)alloverthem.They’dberotten.29.A.goawayB.goonC.goupD.goout解题思路：看清上下文，找准定位词充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句，go?看看文章中动词都与哪些副词或介词搭配成动词短语？Itwill17itself,oritwillrunawayasfastasitcan.No!Ifyou26feelingsofanger,sadness,andbitternesshiddenawayorbottledupinside,yourbodystays27.30.A.longbeforeB.asusualC.beforelongD.rightaway解题思路：利用语法分析解题，but30you’dsmellthem.句中的’d=would是过去将来时.innotime=byandby=inaflash=beforelong=soon是将来时的时间状语，表示“很快”；而rightaway=rightnow=quickly=atonce=immediately则不受限制！31.A.meetB.observeC.catchD.see146\n解题思路：利用语法分析解题，you’d31littlefruitflieshovering(盘旋)alloverthem.（A.meet，B.observe，C.catch，D.see）littlefruitflieshovering(盘旋)。Youcantrytotreatemotions32theywerebananasinthecupboard.Youcan33theydon’texist,butthey’llstillbe34.Andatlastyou’llhaveto35them.Justlikethosebananas.32.A.asifB.justasC.justafterD.eventhough解题思路：利用语法分析解题，Youcantrytotreatemotions32theywerebananasinthecupboard.是虚拟句。33.A.pretendB.expectC.decideD.assume解题思路：抉择于A.pretend和D.assume之间，exist？绝对相近法：它是从选项着手分析的，若四个选项中有两个选项绝对矛盾、相近和对立，那么正确选项大多在这两个对立项之间产生，二者必居其一，至于究竟是两者中的哪一个，则需进一步根据上下文的语境判断。注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。34.A.inB.aroundC.overD.beyond解题思路：exist=bethere,there=in?around?Over?beyond?35.A.eatupB.dealwithC.throwawayD.sendout解题思路：容易错选C.throwaway，概括的是解。16——20CCCBB21——25DCADC26——30ABBAC31——35DAABB高考英语完型填空实战演练二（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）Annaarrivedfartooearly.Usuallysheleftthingstothelastminute，16todaywasaveryspecialoccasion.Itwasalmost17bygettingthereanhourbeforehandthatshe18tocausetheplanetoarrivesooner：19racedthroughhermind.“DoIlookallright?WillhenoticethatI’mwearinga20trousersuit?Willheeven21me?"Afterall，itwasayearalmosttothedaysinceshehad22seenJoe.She146\nfisheda23outofherhandbagandinspectedherface.Toomuchmake-up？.Joehad24madeanycommentbutsheknewthathedidnotapproveof（赞成）heavymake-up—“gildingthelily”，he25it.Itwasfunnyhowmuchimportancesheattachedto26agoodimpressiononhim.Afterall，friendsdonotjudgeeachotherby27Allthesame，itwasthefirstmeetingafteralongseparation，andshewantedeverythingto28right·Lookingoutofthewindow，Joe29afirstglimpse，throughabreakinthe30，ofthetownfarbelow.Certainlyitwasveryflatteringthattheyhad31himtobetheguestlecturerattheirAutumnCongressyetagain.TheChairmanoftheOrganizingCommittee，asamatterofCourtesy（礼貌），had.32tomeethimattheairport，ashehaddoneonpreviousoccasions.Thistime，33，itwasnotnecessary，34becauseJoewasquitefamiliarwiththecity，butmainlybecauseAnnahadsaidthatshecould35theafternoonoffinordertocomeandmeethim.16.A.andB.butC.forD.as17.A.becauseB.sinceC.asifD.when18.A.thoughtB.likedC.hadD.hoped19.A.IdeaB.FactsC.ThoughtsD.Matters20.A.newB.strangeC.latestD.single21.A.likeB.recognizeC.terrifyD.tell22.A.beforeB.recentlyC.lastD.most23.A.purseB.handkerchiefC.mirrorD.book24.A.neverB.almostC.oftenD.regularly25.A.toldB.calledC.sawD.thought26.A.offeringB.takingC.havingD.making27.A.appearanceB.clothesC.make-upD.looking28.A.comeacrossB.turnupC.gooffD.getout29.A.caughtB.leftC.enjoyedD.met30.A.airB.rainC.trainD.clouds31.A.employedB.invited，C.toldD.informed32.A.offeredB.arrivedC.intendedD.attempted146\n33.A.thereforeB.howeverC.insteadD.aswell34.A.luckilyB.reallyC.partlyD.separately35.A.putB.makeC.takeD.leave高考英语完型填空实战演练二（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）Annaarrivedfartooearly.Usuallysheleftthingstothelastminute，16todaywasaveryspecialoccasion.Itwasalmost17bygettingthereanhourbeforehandthatshe18tocausetheplanetoarrivesooner：19racedthroughhermind.“DoIlookallright?WillhenoticethatI’mwearinga20trousersuit?Willheeven21me?"Afterall，itwasayearalmosttothedaysinceshehad22seenJoe.Shefisheda23outofherhandbagandinspectedherface.Toomuchmake-up？.Joehad24madeanycommentbutsheknewthathedidnotapproveof（赞成）heavymake-up—“gildingthelily”，he25it.Itwasfunnyhowmuchimportancesheattachedto26agoodimpressiononhim.Afterall，friendsdonotjudgeeachotherby27Allthesame，itwasthefirstmeetingafteralongseparation，andshewantedeverythingto28right·16.A.andB.butC.forD.as解题思路：转折特点：一句肯定，一句否定；前后句有一组反义词；前句是形副词原级，后句是比较级；前句是一般过去式，后句是一般现在时或前句是过去完成时，后句是一般过去式；后句有一”still”词；前句有“Maybe”,“Perhaps”,“Itmeightbe”等表示“可能”的副词。17.A.becauseB.sinceC.asifD.when解题思路：利用语法分析解题，because，since，when接句子。18.A.thoughtB.likedC.hadD.hoped解题思路：sooner是将来时间状语，hope与将来时有关！19.A.IdeaB.FactsC.ThoughtsD.Matters解题思路：“DoIlookallright?WillhenoticethatI’mwearinga20trousersuit?Willheeven21me?这两个问句说明她在想。Think=19racedthroughhermind.?20.A.newB.strangeC.latestD.single146\n解题思路：利用排除法解题I’mwearinga20trousersuit?Willheeven21recognizeme?"怀疑是否能recognize我，说明I’mwearinga20trousersuit?21.A.likeB.recognizeC.terrifyD.tell解题思路：代入法22.A.beforeB.recentlyC.lastD.most解题思路：代入法23.A.purseB.handkerchiefC.mirrorD.book解题思路：与make-up相关的是？24.A.neverB.almostC.oftenD.regularly解题思路：but说明前面应是否定词。25.A.toldB.calledC.sawD.thought解题思路：代入法“gildingthelily”，he25it.=he25it“gildingthelily”？26.A.offeringB.takingC.havingD.making解题思路：代入法，词汇辨析27.A.appearanceB.clothesC.make-upD.looking解题思路：judgeeachotherby27？概括的是解。28.A.comeacrossB.turnupC.gooffD.getout解题思路：联想法Everythinggoeswell,Everything与go搭配！Lookingoutofthewindow，Joe29afirstglimpse，throughabreakinthe30，ofthetownfarbelow.Certainlyitwasveryflatteringthattheyhad31himtobetheguestlecturerattheirAutumnCongressyetagain.TheChairmanoftheOrganizingCommittee，asamatterofCourtesy（礼貌），had32tomeethimattheairport，ashehaddoneonpreviousoccasions.Thistime，33，itwasnotnecessary34becauseJoewasquitefamiliarwiththecity，butmainlybecauseAnnahadsaidthatshecould35theafternoonoffinordertocomeandmeethim.29.A.caughtB.leftC.enjoyedD.met解题思路：146\n固定搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。删除干扰部分，就是将起干扰作用的定语从句、介词短语或插入语删除Joe29afirstglimpse，throughabreakinthe30，ofthetownfarbelow.30.A.airB.rainC.trainD.clouds解题思路：thetownfarbelow.暗示是从飞机向下看，突然abreak看不到了片刻是因为天空中挡了一下？31.A.employedB.invitedC.toldD.informed解题思路：AutumnCongress与guestlecturer有关的动词是？32.A.offeredB.arrivedC.intendedD.attempted解题思路：intended与attempted近义，应排除，承诺去接。33.A.thereforeB.howeverC.insteadD.aswell解题思路：转折特点：一句肯定，一句否定；前后句有一组反义词；前句是形副词原级，后句是比较级；前句是一般过去式，后句是一般现在时或前句是过去完成时，后句是一般过去式；后句有一”still”词；前句有“Maybe”,“Perhaps”,“Itmeightbe”等表示“可能”的副词。34.A.luckilyB.reallyC.partlyD.separately解题思路：转折特点：一句肯定，一句否定；前后句有一组反义词；前句是形副词原级，后句是比较级；前句是一般过去式，后句是一般现在时或前句是过去完成时，后句是一般过去式；后句有一”still”词；前句有“Maybe”,“Perhaps”,“Itmeightbe”等表示“可能”的副词。后面句子中itwasnotnecessarybecauseJoewasquitefamiliarwiththecity，butmainlybecauseAnnahadsaidthatshecouldtaketheafternoonoff提示未知的空应是mainly的反义词。35.A.putB.makeC.takeD.leave解题思路：固定搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。不知道takeoff是请假的话，联想havetwodaysoff是请2天假的意思也行，因为词组也含off.36—40BCDCA41—45BCCAB46—50DACAD51—55BABCC2012高考英语高频词组汇【经典100组】146\n很多同学觉得英语学不会很大程度上有由于词汇量太少所致。。。然而其实不然，有一些词汇很简单，你个个都认识可组合起来就不一定了或者意思就会产生偏差，这就是名曰词组的东西。可恰恰有些词组总是受到高考命题老师们的偏爱，特此整理出来以便同学们整理背诵。【好好记一记，比背单词的效率高多了呢~(*^__^*)】1abandononeselftosth.完全屈从于（某种感情或冲动）　　2havea(the)abilitytodosth.(havetheabilityindoingsth.)有能力做某事　　3tothebestofone'sability尽力　　4beabouttodowhen…正准备做某事突然。。。　　5aboveall首先，最重要；inall总计afterall毕竟;终究　　6athomeandabroad在国内外goabroad出国　　7insb.'sabsence不在时intheabsenceof（人）不在时beabsentfrom缺席　　8beabsorbedin全神贯注于　　9accessto接近；进入　　10byaccident偶然bychancebymistake由于错误　　11bedelayedthroughanaccident由于事故而耽误　　12beaccompaniedby附有；伴随　　13accordingto(后面不接view,opinion…);inmyopinion　　14collectaccounts收账；openanaccount开账户；keepaccounts记账;accountfor说明;giveafullaccountof做一个完整的说明;onaccountof=becauseof因为　　15accusesb.of…控告某人；chargesb.withsth.起诉某人；Blamesb.forsth.责备某人　　16beaccustomedtosth.(todoingsth.)=beusedtosth.(todoingsth.)习惯于干某事　　17havesomeacquaintancewith熟悉；熟知　　18come(run)across（偶然）碰到;getsth.across使人理解；领会　　19actas充当，担任actout表演（对话、故事）；acton(upon)对。。。起作用　　20catchsb.intheactofdoingsth.抓住某人干某事；takeaction采取行动　　21beactivein在。。。积极takeanactivepartin积极参加leadanactivelife过着积极的生活　　22adaptoneselfto使自己适应adaptsth.to使某物适应adaptfrom根据。。。改写（改编）　　23addin包括；加进去addto增加；加强add…to把。。。加到。。。上　　addupto合加起来　　24beaddictedtosth.(doingsth.)嗜好。。。的；上了。。。瘾的　　25inaddtion/inaddtionto此外　　26deliveranaddressto向。。发表演讲givingaclosingaddress致闭幕词anaddressofwelcome欢迎词　　27admittosth.(doingsth.)承认　　28inadvance=beforehand提前　　29beofgreat(no)advantageto对。。。大大有利（毫无裨益）gain(have)anadvantageover优于；胜过；takeadvantageofsb.利用某人；欺骗某人　　30putanadvertisement登广告　　31askforsb.'sadvice征求某人的建议givesb.adviceonhowtodosth.就如何    何干某事提出忠告　　32advisesb.onsth.就某事对某人提出忠告；advisesb.against(doing)sth.146\n劝某人不干某事　　33beafraidof害怕；担心beafraidtodo不敢做某事　　34beafter寻求；追求　　35beagainstone'sproposal反对（意见goagainstnature违背自然standagainstthewall靠墙而立　　36attheageof在。。。岁时；beunderage未成年　　37agreewithsb.(what从句);agreewiththeclimate/饮食对气候等的适应　　agreeto+advice/suggestion/idea/proposal…agreeon(upon)。。。就。。达成一致意见　　38aheadof(time)在。。。前面goahead继续；前进　　39aidsb.insth./aidsb.withsth.帮助某人做某事inaidof支持；givesb.firstaid对某人实施急救　　40aimat瞄准　　41ontheair（用无线电、电视）播送intheair在空中；byair乘飞机；puton(giveoneself)airs摆架子　　42allalong一直；始终alloverthecountry(world)遍及全国（世界）allalone单独；独自地allbut几乎；差一点　　43allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事allowdoingsth.允许做某事　　44letalone更不用说Thereisnotenoughroomforus,letalonesixdogs.　　45getalong(on)with在。。。方面有进展takealongwith随身携带　　46notonly…butalso　　47makeananalysisof分析　　48intheancienttime在古代　　49andsoon/andsoforth等等　　50beangryaboutsth.对某事生气beangryatsth.因某事生气　　bebeangrywithsb.生某人的气　　51annoysb.withsth./annoysb.bydoingsth.因。。。使某人生气；52oneafteranother相继　　53answerfor对。。。负责answersb.'scall回电话makenoanswer不作回答　　54beanxiousabout(for)为。。。担心beanxioustodo渴望（急于）做某事　　55apologizetosb.forsth./makeanapologytosb.forsth因某事向某人道歉　　56inappearance外貌上makeone'sappearance登台by/fromallappearances显然　　57apply…to…将。。应用于applyfor申请applyto适应于applyoneselfto专心致志于；applytosb.forsth.向某人申请某物　　58appointsb.toapost派某人任某职;appointatimeforthemeeting约定开会时间　　59approachto接近makeanapproachto对。。。进行探讨　　60approveof赞同     61arguewith/againstsb.about/onsth.与某人辩论某事；arguesb.intodoing说服某人做某事　　62arminarm肩并肩handinhand手拉手;shouldertoshoulder肩并肩takesth.inone'sarms抱bearmedtotheteeth全副武装　　63arrangefor安排；准备arrangewithsb.aboutsth.与某人商定某事　　makeanarrangement(arrangements)for…做好准备；安排　　64asawhole作为总体onthewhole总体上　　65as…asonecan146\n尽力；尽可能　　66asto/withregardto至于；说到　　67beashamedatsth.为某事感到羞愧beashamedfor为某人感到羞愧　　68askforsth.请求asksb.forsth.向某人索取某物asksb.todosth.要求某人做某事　　69everyaspectof=alltheaspectsof各个方面　　70assistsb.withsth./assistsb.indoingsth./assistsb.todosth.帮助某人做某事　　71associate..with…把。。。和。。联系起来;inassociationwith…与。。。联手　　72beastonished(surprised)at(thenews)对。。感到惊奇　　73atthelatest最迟　　74eattachedto附属于。。。；依恋；attachsth.to…把。。贴上把。。系在。。。上　　75attempt/trytodosth.(makeanattempttodosth.)企图做。。。；attemptatsth.试图获得　　76attendon/tosb.照看/护理某人；attendto关心；照料　　77attract/capture/catch/draw/getone'sattention吸引某人注意　　holdone'sattentionon将注意力集中于devoteone'sattentionto专心于　　turnone'sattentionto将注意力转向payattentionto注意　　78one'sattitudetowards…某人的态度对。　　79on(the)average按平均；above(below)average平均以上（下）　　80beawareof意识到，觉察　　81backandforth来回地（屋内）　　82atthebackofsb./atsb.'sback支持某人；atthebackof在。。。后　　lieonone'sback朝天躺着　　83gofrombadtoworse每况愈下　　84gobad(wrong/hungry)变腐　　85keep(lose)balance保持（失去）平衡;　　beinthebalance悬而未决　　86ban(prohibit)sb.fromdoingsth.禁止某人做某事　　beunderaban被禁止　　87basesth.on/uponsth.以。。。为基础；bebasedon基于　　on…basis=onthebasisof以。。。为根据；在。。。基础上　　88battleagainst向。。。开战；battlewith与。。。搏斗；battlefor为。。。而战　　89becauseof+名词（代词、what从句）　　90makethebed整理床铺；inbed/onthebed在床上　　91begsb.todosth.恳求某人干某事；begforsth.请求得到begsth.ofsb.恳求某人某事　　92beginwith从。。。开始　　93onbehalfof代表;onsb.'sbehalf以某人的名义　　94believein信赖　　95belongto(无被动语态)属于　　96beyondrecognition认不出来beyondbelief难以置信　　beyonddescription无法用言语表达beyondsb.对某人来说难以理解　　97bybirth在血统上atbirth诞生；出生givebirthto生（产）　　98bitbybit一点点地doone'sbit尽一点（份）quiteabit相当多　　比较：notabit一点也不notalittle146\n很，非常　　99beblackandblue遍体鳞伤　　100beartheblame受过lay/puttheblameon/uponsb.forsth.把责任推到某人身上唤起迅捷激情震撼学子心灵2012高考英语完形圣经秘诀教案透过已知信息　　推断未知信息不易策略，扫描选项，在万变中找到不变的规律！　简易策略，瞻前顾后，化繁为简，化难为易！变易策略，左顾右盼，以变制变，熟能生巧！首尾段首尾句,边做边看选项中与中心同现词或复现词!扫描选项　同义词/同类词排除　高频答案词　相反项有解　同现思路　　　瞻前顾后　复现　逻辑结构左顾右盼　P原则　关联结构技巧归纳:感情色彩时态暗示法动词综合法(主语/宾语是人是物?及不及物?过程还是结果?......),......(略)共20多项法则,交叉都指向同一个答案才最准确!满分策略:五四运动法串线交叉法主线贯穿法,......(略)146\n节选教案试看!瞻前顾后　同现　复现　逻辑结构同现中心同现是指段落的首段的中心词或段落中反复出现的名词或名词词组,在被选空格内的句子中也重复出现或与其意思倾斜向;词汇同现是指属于同一词汇搭配范畴或者某一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。一般来说，上下文中词汇的范畴越小，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。首段首句一般都是中心句,名词是核对重点!◆Then,mountain---climbingbegantogrowpopularasasport.Tosomepeople,thereissomethinggreatly___28____aboutgettingtothe___29____ofahighmountain:astruggleagainstnatureisfinerthanabattle___30____otherhumanbegins.Andthen,whenyouareatthemountaintopafteralonganddifficult____31____,whata___32____reward(奖品)itistobeabletolook___33___oneverythingwithin___34____!Atsuchtime,youfeelhappierandprouderthanyoucaneverfeeldown___35___.与首尾句名词动词形容词副词倾向!28.A.excitedB.interestedC.dangerousD.terrible32.A.surprisingB.excitedC.disappointingD.astonishing◆DorothyBrownwasveryhappyasshesatinthetheatrelisteningtothemusic.TodayherlittledaughterLaurenwasgivingher___1___concert.Shehadbeenwaitingforthis__2__foryearsandyears.“Nowitishereatlast,”shethought.“Howbeautifulher___3___is.”Thesongmadeher___4___tothedayswhenshewasLauren’s___5___.Asayoung___6___,Dorothywantedtobeaconcertsinger.Shestudied___7___inFrance,ItalyandintheUnitedStates.“Youcanbecomeafine___8___inthefuture,”herteacherstoldher.“Butyoumustbe___9___tostudyhardandworkformanyyears.3.A.voiceB.faceC.dressD.life7.A.FrenchB.musicC.pianoD.dance8.A.actressB.studentC.singerD.dancerK抓住中心意思-----围绕什么话题(在文章中出现频率最多的词)◆EveryThursdayafternoon,myarthistoryclassmeetsnotinourusuallecturehall(演讲厅)butinouruniversityArtMuseum.Wespendourone-hourclassdiscussingtwoorthereofthe___1___,manyofwhicharebyartiststhatwehavealreadystudiedinclass.Theprofessorbeginsbyselectingone___2___ofart.Aftergivingusaquickbackgroundontheartist,hewill146\nopenupforclass___3___.1.A.subjectsB.paintingsC.speechesD.lectures仅有技巧和词汇是不够的,高频答案词及短语,是突破的关键!但相当多的具体情况和难以处理的选项,做起来还是有些吃力,怎么办?吴军老师刚刚出炉的2012高考英语完形暗示点全归纳将使您傲视群雄!宾语从句是特殊疑问句WH-或whether/if时,要选下列动词:ask,doubt,wonder,wanttoknow,know,guess答题选动词:〖2011·全国新课标卷〗Theprofessor37thelecturehall,placeduponhisdeskalargejarfilledwithdriedbeans(豆),andinvitedthestudentsto38howmanybeansthejarcontained.After39shoutsofwildlywrongguessestheprofessorsmiledathin,drysmile,announcedthe40answer,andwentonsaying,“Youhavejust41animportantlessonaboutscience.38.A．countB.guessC.reportD.watch考察动词，或根据后文wildlywrongguesses的提示，考虑复现选B。反过来选WH-或whether/if:〖2011·安徽卷〗Oneafternoon.Iwalkedintoabuildingtoask41therewereanyjobopportunities(机会)，Thepeoplethereadvisedmenottocontinuemyjobsearchinthat42.41.A.whyB.whereverC.whetherD.whenever一天，作者走进一座大楼去问“是否”(whether)有自己能做的工作。选C。A项为“为什么”；B项为“无论在那”；D项为“无论何时”怎么样?这样做题快吗?为了让您更加深信不疑,我们再免费发布一个法则,你可以马上用下列真题或你学校的模拟练习题来验证一下,好使,就要赶紧预定呦!每省仅限定10套,额满即!止正面的,积极的,肯定的,还是负面的,消极的,否定的?◆“I’msorry,butwehaveenough27forthenewspaperalready.Comebacknextyearandwe’lltalkthen.”Jennasmiled28andleft.“Whyishighschoolso29?”shesighed.146\n叹气sighed说明是勉强的,选消极的weakly28.A.widelyB.weaklyC.excitedlyD.brightly◆Tiredandsad,shetoldherstory38,nottoanyoneinparticular.38.A.tearfullyB.seriouslyC.carefullyD.calmly◆Itseemsfunnythatweare_40_forthings,withwhichweareunfamiliaroraboutwhichweare_41_,butweall,myfriendsaswellasI,considerthisoneoflife’s_42_.41.A.uncertainB.unhappyC.notpleasedD.careful〖2011·四川卷〗Itrulyfeelthatmymotherledmehere,toMorzaine,andtomyfutureasahappywifeandbusinesswoman.WhenMum21inOctober2007,Iwasacook..InDecemberthatyear.whileIwasworkingforawedding,apearlnecklaceMumhadleftme22.Iwasdistraught（忧心如焚的）.Somedayslater,Iwas23thataguywhowasworkingwithusthatday.“couldprobablyhavemadeafortune\24henecklacehefound.”25,hereturnedit.22.A.burnedB.disappearedC.brokeD.dropped22空就近distraught（忧心如焚的）是负的,只有disappear是负的；burn燃烧；break打破；drop降低，落下。有后文的我感到“忧心如焚”及“归还”（return）可知此处是指项链丢失了。B〖2011·安徽卷〗Nearlytenminuteslater,he45,Heaskedmeaboutmyplansandencouragedmetostay46.ThenheofferedtotakemetoRoyalOakto47ajob.积极的!Iwasalittlesurprised.buthada48feelingabouthim.Alongtheway,IrealizedthatIhad49resumes(简历).Seeingthis,theman50athisbusinesspartner’sofficetomakemefifteen51copies.Healsogavemesome52ondressingandspeaking.Ihandedoutmyresumesandwenthomefeelingvery53.Thefollowingday,Ireceiveda54fromastoreinRoyalOakofferingmeajob.46.A.silentB.busyC.positiveD.comfortable他问了问我的打算，鼓励我要振作起来，不要灰心。选C。A项为“沉默不语的”；B项为“忙绿的”；C项为“积极乐观的，有信心的”；D项为“舒适的，舒服的”。48.A.dullB.goodC.guiltyD.general作者对他的主动帮助感到有点惊奇，但是对他充满了“好感”(goodfeeling)。选B。A项为“阴暗的，无趣的”；C项为“内疚的”；D项为“一般的，普通的”。53.A.lonelyB.funnyC.disappointedD.satisfied我分发完简历回到家感到非常“满意”(satisfied)。选D。A项为“寂寞的，孤独的”；B项为“滑稽的，可笑的”；C项为“失望的，沮丧的”。146\n〖2011·四川卷〗Somedayslater,Iwas23thataguywhowasworkingwithusthatday.“couldprobablyhavemadeafortune24thenecklacehefound.”25,hereturnedit.HearinghowI’d26Mumforsixmonthsbeforeherdeath,hesaid,“Christmasisgoingtobe27—whynotgoouttotheAlpsforacoupleofweeks?27.A.longB.hardC.merryD.freedeath.在27空附近是负的,B项对应。在万家团圆的圣诞节，母亲刚去世，对我来说一定很难熬。B吴军英语高分密码真的有这么神奇吗？是！一点儿没错！效果是绝对的真实！作为一种标准化考试，选择题本身是有很多缺陷的,这些缺陷就是暗示点，就是解题的突破口!吴军英语高分密码通过对历年真题的长时间的研究，对这些暗示点进行了全面、深入、细致的挖掘和整理,将其转化为超级解题秘诀!每一个秘诀的准确率都在95%以上，甚至是100%吴军英语高分密码,真正做到了立竿见影！甚至是一剑封喉！马上用吴军英语高分密码对照历年所有的高考真题进行逐一的验证吧!遇到吴军老师，您太幸运了！请上www.sypeterwu.com或上百度,输入"沈阳高分英语家教吴军"查询!现在预定吴军2012高考英语高分秘诀系统教案巨划算！2012高考英语完形圣经秘诀教案原价3200元现5折1600元2012高考英语3天提分秘诀教案原价6000元现6折3600元2012高考英语高频答案词汇教案原价5000元现5折2500元2012年4月初恢复原价！“值”言不讳“笑”益无穷我们是高考高分英语的实践者；我们是高考快速提分的挑战者；迎接2012高考，我们信心十足！146\n我们是一群眼界开阔的国际人！加油，Comeon!情人的眼：十本金牌教案=火箭式提分！(好喜欢!)冬天的梅花，非常耀眼.其实，梅花开的并不艳丽，只是因为你喜欢她，所以才心明眼亮.如果到了百花盛开的春天，你能身在花丛眼不花，还能看到淡淡素素的梅花吗？高考英语也经常遇到这种情景，有时已知条件非常之多，提供的信息诱惑也非常之泛.此时，你能“情有独钟”地筛选出你需要的她吗？诗人的心：洞穿作者、命题人思维轨迹！(高考漏题啦?!)七品芝麻官，说的是这个官很小，就是芝麻那么小的一点.《阿里巴巴》用“芝麻开门”，讲的是“以小见大”.就是那点芝麻，竟把那个庞然大门给“点”开了.以点成线、以点带面、两线交点、三线共点、还有顶点、焦点、极限点等等，足以说明“点”的重要性.要有诗人般的细心和灵感,发现这些隐藏起来的点!英雄的胆：敢于呐喊，考试有捷径！(为时不晚!)西餐宴上，摆着漂亮的什锦比萨.众人虽然都在称好，但没有一人动手.原来这东西罩在一个透明的“玻璃盒”里，不知从哪儿打开，大家只好故作谦让，互相叫“请”.一小孩不顾礼节，拿着餐刀往“盒”上直戳，七戳，八戳，戳到了“玻璃盒”的花纹处，此时盒子竟像莲花一样自动地启开了.大家惊喜，夸这孩子有见识.其实，这孩子的成功在他的“敢于一试”，在试试中碰到了盒子的入口.高考英语何尝没遇上这种情境？我们有时苦心焦虑地寻找破题的入口，其实，自己此时正站在入题的大门口前，只是不敢动手一试.吴军和张勇强老师不过是在日以继夜的研究教学过程中,发现了迅捷提分和满分密码的入口,进入后,不断的深入而已!侠客的剑:推助满分的力量!(棒极了!)关羽不同于诸葛.诸葛是智星，靠着扇子；关羽是武士，用的大刀.“过关斩将”用这大刀，“水淹七军”用这大刀.关羽的“切瓜分片”是什么意思？切者，七刀也，分者，八刀也！再难的高考英语完形和阅读题，经过这七刀、八刀，最后不就粉碎了吗！强军高考英语暗示点全归纳,高频答案词一本通,阅读矩阵法则，完型胜经等7刀8剑将助您“过关斩将”！146\n速度比完美更重要思路比题海要有效2012高考英语阅读思维重现法则强军英语满分体系主编:张勇强无线索1、题干无线索的推理2、判断题题干答案选项主旨靠定位有线索精确线索模糊线索用不同的词、不同的结构表达但和原文一样的内容（数字、大写、专名、显性逻辑关系）1全文反复重复的内容2题干与原文貌离神合题干定位原则与主旨靠3使用原文的近义结构1数字、大写、专名原文找意思一样的内容主---被人---物2逻辑关系因果选项定位真---虚陈述---倒装手段目的4使用原文、原词、原结构条件事实5使用原文的反说3成分定位6使用原文的上义词、下义词、同一范畴词4主旨靠7使用原文的总结归纳5找意思一致内容8使用原文的分说例证大忌：（只定位个别词、忽视题干、逻辑、成分）146\n张勇强阅读选项对比36计(部分节选)1内容相似都排除目前，高考英语选择题只能选取一个正确答案！54.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat___.A.nodrugshavebeenfoundtotreatthediseaseB.thealternativetreatmentisnoteasilyavailabletomostpeopleA=BC.malariahasdevelopeditsabilitytoresistparasitesD.nobodyknowswhatwillbethedrugtotreatthedisease2内容相反取其一有一大汉，想进某屋.门上并未加锁，但他久推不开，弄得满头大汗.后面传来一位小姐轻轻的声音：“先生别推，请向后拉！”大汉真的向后一拉，果然门就轻轻地开了.大汉奇怪地问：“这门上并没有写拉字，你怎么知道是拉门的呢？”小姐答：“因为我看到你推了半天，门还不动，那就只有拉了！”41.Wecanlearnfromthetextthat__________.A.emailislesspopularthanthefaxserviceB.thepostalservicehasovertheyearsbecomefasterB>