《初中状语从句》PPT课件 57页

状语从句AdverbialClause\n八种时态一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时现在过去\n陈述句中没有助动词的一般现在时主+be+…主+v(复)/vs(单)一般过去时主+was/were/+…主+过去式+…陈述句中有助动词的一般将来时主+will(1)+v原(2)主+begoingto(1)+v原(2)过去将来时主+would(1)+v原(2)主+was/weregoingto(1)+v原(2)现在进行时主+be(1)+ving(2)过去进行时主+was/were(1)+ving(2)现在完成时主+has/have(1)+过去分词(2)过去完成时主+had(1)+过去分词(2)\n什么是状语？HespeaksEnglishverywell.Youareverybeautiful.（动词）（形容词）（程度副词）主语谓语宾语状语主语谓语表语状语\n用来修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句的句子成分，叫做状语。adverbialmodifier(adv.)用作状语的通常是副词，介词短语，不定式和从句等。\n状语从句？在复合句中表示的状语可以用来修饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、定语、状语或整个句子。\n什么是从句？必须符合“从句的三个必须”必须是句子；必须有连接词；必须是陈述句什么是状语从句？用一个句子充当状语成分，那个句子就是状语从句。Igetupatsixwhenitisdark.IgetupatschoolwhereIstudy.\n状语从句分类1时间状语从句9结果状语从句6让步状语从句8方式状语从句7比较状语从句2地点状语从句3原因状语从句4条件状语从句5目的状语从句\n表示时间一、时间状语从句When,as,while,before,after,till,Until,assoonas,Themoment,theminute,thefirsttime….（名词性短语）\nWhen“当……的时候”既可指时间段，也可指时间点从句中既可用延续性动词，又可用非延续性动词（终止性动词）动作既可和主句的动作同时发生，又可在主句的动作之前或之后发生Whenwhileas\n当他回到家的时候，我正在做饭Whenhecamehome,Iwascookingdinner.IwillcallyouwhenIgetthere.我到了那边就给你打电话。一般情况下，从句的谓语动词用“一般现在时”表示“一般将来时”，用“现在完成时”表示“将来完成时”温馨提示\nWhile“当……的时候”只能表示一段时间引导的从句只能是延续性动词只能与主句中的谓语动词同时发生或存在。注意：主句的动作发生在从句动作的进行过程中，主句的谓语动词通常是非延续性动词。ImetherwhileIwasatschool.\n时间状语从句说明动作或状态发生、存在的时间。时间状语从句可以由以下连词或词组引导ABCDwhen当…时before在…之前assoonas一…就hardly…when一…就while当…时after在…之后themoment一…就scarcely…when刚一…就as当…时since自从…以来theminute一…就nosooner..than一…就whenever无论何时till/until直到every/eachtime每次instantly/directly一…就\n翻一翻当Tom正在看电视的时候，他妻子正在做饭。WhileTomwaswatchingTV,hiswifewascooking.\nAs“当……时候”“随着……”既可指一个具体的时间点，又可指一段时间主从句两个动作同时发生，或同时持续。（点点重合，线线重合）可用一个进行时，一个一般时或都一般时。一个动作发生在另一个动作的持续过程中，即“点线重合”，但不能表示两个动作一前一后发生。\n1HewaswritingasIwasreading.2AsIgotonthebus,hegotoff.3Thestudentsweretalkingastheteachercamein.\n地点状语从句地点状语从句表示地点、方位，这类从句通常由where,wherever引导。指具体地点时，从句可用于主句之前或之后；Thehousestoodwherethetworoadsmeet.表示抽象条件的含义时，必须放在主句之前。Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.\n【注意】“哪里……哪里就……”；主句在从句后面时，there可用可不用；如果主句在从句的前面时，一般都不用there。Youshouldhaveputthebookwhereyoufoundit.你本来应该把书放回原来的地方。句型1：Where＋地点从句，（there）＋主句。\n【注意】anywhere副词，但可引导从句，相当于连词，意思相似于wherever,anywhere引导的从句,可在主句之前或之后。而wherever本身就是个连词，表示“在何处，无论何处”。句型2：Anywhere/wherever＋地点从句，＋主句。Wherevertheseais,youwillfindseamen.有海就有海员。\n地点状语从句vs.定语从句where引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词；状语从句前则无需先行词。Gobackwhereyoucamefrom.(地点状语从句）你从何处来到何处去。Gobacktothevillagewhereyoucamefrom.(定语从句，修饰village)回到你来的那个村子里去。\n练一练1Wewereswimminginthelake____suddenlythestormstarted.A.when    B.whileC.until     D.before“当我们正在湖里游泳的时候突然暴风雨开始了”，表示主句的动作处于从句的动作突然发生时应采用when(while不适合用于这样的语境)，when表示“当……的时候”受限制条件最少。\nYourTopicGoesHereYoursubtopicgoeshere2AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyears,hereturnedtothesmalltown_________hegrewupasachild.A.where  B.whenC.Inwhich   D.thatwhere引导定语从句，表示地点。\nStrikewhiletheironishot.Afriendisneverknowntillamanhasneed.趁热打铁Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareready.万事开头难需要之时方知友我猜，我猜猜猜\nAseverythreadofgoldisvaluable,soeverymomentoftime.一寸光阴一寸金无烟不起火/无风不起浪Wherethereissmoke,thereisfire.Asamansows,soheshallreap.种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆\n表示原因三、原因状语从句最常用的连词是:because，since，as，now（that）等\nbecause,as,since,for语气　位置　　　　意义because最强　前或后　“原因”；表客观因果关系；回答“”as较强　前“由于”；把众人所知的事实当作理由since较弱　前　“既然”；就对方陈述的事实作为理由for最弱后　“理由”；对某一事实进行推断的理由注：上面所说的“前”，指从句在主句之前；“后”，指从句在主句之后。\nEG:Heisabsenttodaybecausehewasill.Asitissnowing，weshallnotgoout.Youcouldn’tseehim,forhewasn’tthere.（不句首）4.Sinceyouareill,Iwillgoalone.\n表示结果四、结果状语从句可以由sothat，so...that，such...that\nsothat,so…that,such…thatsothat“以便”、“结果”表目的和结果。注意：在从句中有情态动词表目的。无情态动词表结果。so…that“如此的…以致于”表结果。该结构常见于：1.so+形／副＋that2.so+形＋a(an)＋单数名词＋that3.so＋many/much＋复数名词（不可数名词）+thatsuch…that“如此的…以致于”表结果。该结构常见于：1.such＋a(an)＋形＋名词＋that2.such＋形＋复数名词／不可数名词＋that\nE.G.Hewassoangrythathelefttheroomwithoutaword.他很生气,一句话不说就离开了房间。Itissuchaheavyboxthatnobodycanmoveit.Theboxissoheavythatnobodycanmoveit.Theboxissoheavyasnobodycanmove.Ididn’tgoearly,sothatIdidn’tgetaseat.\n表示目的四、目的状语从句主要的引导词有:sothat，inorderthat，目的状语从句常常含有情态动词。\nE.G.Theyarehurryingsothat/inorderthattheymaynotmissthetrain.他们为了赶上火车而匆匆忙忙。Heworkshardinorderthat/sothathecanservehiscountrywell.\n表示条件五、条件状语从句最常用的引导词有:if，ifonly（if的强调式）,unless(=ifnot)，aslongas，solongas\nE.G.AslongasIlive,Ishallworkhard.Youcan’tlearnitwellunlessyouworkhard.Ifyouwanttoknow,Icantellyou.\n表示让步六、让步状语从句主要的引导词有:though，although，asevenif，eventhoughhowever,Whatever,whenever等\nthough,although,as,though,although在句首表“尽管”两者都可以用。但句后不能再用but。下列情况只能用though：　▲　asthough(=asif);evenif(=eventhough)　▲　在句末表示“然而”as表示“尽管”，从句的表语、状语等成分要倒装。\nwhatever,however,wherever,whenever它们是what,how,where,when的强势语气。分别等于：nomatterwhat,nomatterhownomatterwhere,nomatterwhen\nE.G.Iwon’tmindevenif(though)hedoesn’tcome.Thoughitwascold,shewentoutwithoutanovercoat.Youngas/thoughheis,heknowsalot.Whetheritshinesorrains,Iwillgo.Nomatterwho/whoevercomeshere,Iwillnotlethimin.youcantakewhateveryoulike.\n表示比较八、比较状语从句主要由than，as...as,themore…themore这类从句常常有一些成分没有表示出来:\nE.G.Themoreyoueat,thefatteryouare.JohnislesscleverthanTom.Heisnotso/ascleverashisbrother.\n前引：根据主从句的三种时间关系，分为主从句同时发生、主从句都没有发生、主从句一前一后发生三类句型，每种句型分别对应独特的句式三类时间1、主从句同时发生2、主从句都没有发生3、主从句一前一后发生WhatwereyoudoingwhentheUFOarrived?WhatareyoudoingwhentheUFOarrives?Iwouldleaveifhecame.Iwillleaveifhecomes.ThetrainhadbeenawaywhenIarrived.过去配过去过去配过去现在配现在现在配现在\n前引：根据主从句的三种时间关系，分为主从句同时发生、主从句都没有发生、主从句一前一后发生三类句型，每种句型分别对应独特的句式三类时间1、主从句同时发生2、主从句都没有发生3、主从句一前一后发生过去类：….过去进行when一般过去现在类：…现在进行…when一般现在过去类：过去将来when一般过去现在类：一般将来when一般现在过去完成when一般过去\n第四部分：典型题目与历年真题\n1．______theyhadworkedforalongtime,everyonelookedtired.A．While                B．AfterC．Unless                  D．For2．Hehasbeenateacher______ hecametothecountry.A．since   B．untilC．as   D．when3．Hehashadtocookbyhimself______ hismotherwentonbusinesstoBeijing.A．during    B．sinceC．after      D．when\n4．Itistenyears ______Isawyoulasttime.A．since                B．whenC．that                     D．if5HealwaysthinksI'mwrong, ______Imaysay.A．nomatterwhatever    B．whateverC．what               D．That6．Youshouldrunthemachine ______theworkershasshownyou.A．as                                        B．andC．but                                      D．so\n7．______,Motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.A．HoweverlateisheB．HoweverheislateC．HoweverishelateD．Howeverlateheis8．Youshallhavethebook ______Ihavereadit.A．sothat                 B．thoughC．assoonas                   D．since\n9．Themanputonaovercoat ______keephimselfwarm.A．that                   B．sothattoC．inorderthat         D．inorderto10．Hehaschangedsomuch ______Icanhardlyrecognizehim.A．as                   B．sothatC．that                   D．but\n11．Wounded ______hewas,herefusedtocomebackfromthefront.A．as            B．thoughC．although      D．bothAandB12．We'llbothwaithere ______yougetback.A．sothat   B．thatC．until   D．for13．Somepeoplewanttogohunting, ______ otherswanttogofinishing.A．or    B.becauseC.while   D.since\n14．Badhabits, ______ formed,aredifficulttogetridof.A．and   B．onceC．or    D．but15．Youmustgetupearlyinthemorning,______we'llhavetostartoutwithoutyou.A．and     B．orC．but                         D．sothat16．Wouldyoupleasewait ______Icomeback.A．if                    B．whenC．because                D．till\n17．Hecouldn'tcome ______hewantedto.A．as            B．becauseC．although           D．for18．______yougaveapartyandnoonecome,whatwouldyoudo?A．Although         B．IfC．Unless              D．When\n19．Youmayborrowthebook ______ youkeepitclean.A．aslongas              B．whenC．after                       D．unless20.Johnplaysfootball ______,ifnotbetterthan,David.A．aswell                  B．aswellasC．sowell                   D．sowellas\n(三)状语从句—中考真题\n1.it’sdifficulttomakeherdreamcometrue,shenevergivesup.A.ThoughB.UnlessC.BecauseD.If2.It’squitecommoninBritaintosay“Thankyou”tothedriverspeoplegetoffthebus.A.AfterB.sinceC.untilD.when3.Yourdreamwon’tcometrueyouknowwhatyourdreamis.A.AfterB.unlessC.whileD.sinceADB\n4.----HowwasyourclimbingonMountTai?-----Ididn’tbelieveIcoulddoitIgottothetop.A.untilB.unlessC.afterD.when5.Iarrivedattheairporttheplanehadtakenoff.A.afterB.whileC.whenD.before6.thewaterwascold,WeiQinggangjumpedintoittosaveothers.A.AlthoughB.WhenC.IfD.BecauseAAA\n7.Wewon’tstartthemeetingourteacherarrives.A.thoughB.untilC.whileD.or8.Wewillhavenowatertodrinkwedon’tprotecttheearth.A.untilB.beforeC.thoughD.if9.Jane,pleaseturnoffthelightsyouleavetheclassroom.A.afterB.beforeC.untilD.butBDB\n10.Wehavetogetupat7:15tomorrowmorning,___wewillbelateforthe7:40train.A.beforeB.orC.ifD.so11.Mygrandfatherisveryold,heneverstopslearning.A.thanB.thoughC.butD.unless12.---Wherewasyourbrotheratthistimelastnight?---Hewaswritingane-mailIwaswatchingTVathome.A.AssoonasB.AfterC.untilD.while13.I’llparkthecaratPacificPlace,thecarparkthereisfull.A.unlessB.ifC.whenD.AfterDCDA\n14.theyarrivedearlyattheairport,theynearlymissedtheirfight.A.IfB.BecauseC.AssoonasD.Although15.Wehavebeengoodfriendswejoinedthesameping-pongteam.A.AfterB.beforeC.sinceD.until16.Bill,youhavefinishedyourhomework,let’sgotoflykitesnow.A.thoughB.AfterC.beforeD.sinceDCD