大英3复习资料 5页

------------------------------------------作者xxxx------------------------------------------日期xxxx大英3复习资料\n【精品文档】完形填空 BookIIIUnit1Inthefallofourfinalyear,ourmoodchanged.Therelaxedatmosphereoftheprecedingsummersemester,theImpromptuballgames,theboatingontheCharlesRiver,thelate-nightpartieshaddisappeared,andweallstartedtogetourheadsdown,studyinglate,andattendanceatclassesrosesteeplyagain.Weallsensedwewerecomingtotheendofourstayhere,thatwewouldnevergetachancelikethisagain,andwebecamedeterminednottowasteit.MostimportantofcoursewerethefinalexamsinAprilandMayinthefollowingyear.Noonewantedthehumiliationoffinishinglastinclass,sothepeergrouppressuretoworkhardwasstrong.Librarieswhichwereonceemptyafterfiveo'clockintheafternoonwerestandingroomonlyuntiltheearlyhoursofthemorning,andguysworethebagsundertheireyesandtheirpale,sleepyfaceswithpride,likemedalsprovingtheirdiligence.Unit2socialan thropologistschildrenSocialanthropologists社会人类学家askquestionsabouthowchildhood,andtheroleofchildren儿童扮演的角色,isseenwithinthecommunitiestheystudy在他们所研究的族群里,ratherthanhowitfitsintoWesternideas如何符合西方的观念aboutchildhood.Bydoingthistheyseektoavoidimposing强加给outsideideasontopeoplewithverydifferentunderstandingsoftheworldorofmakingvaluejudgments作价值观方面的判断onotherpeople‘swaysofraisingtheirchildren养育孩子.WhileWesternersmighttakeexceptiontoeight-year-oldgirlsworkingorto12-year-oldgirlsmarrying,withintheirowncommunitiessuchactivitiesareseenasanormalandpositivepart积极的常态ofchildhoodIndeed,seenthroughtheeyesofnon-Westerners,many“normal“Westernchildcarepractices西方育儿方式areseenasextremelybizarre极其怪异andpossiblyharmfultochildren.Placingchildreninroomsoftheirown,refusingtofeedthemondemand想吃东西的时候不给他们吃,orlettingthemcryratherthanimmediatelytendingto【精品文档】\n【精品文档】them不赶快去安抚他们,areviewedverynegativelyinmanysocieties在很多社会里都是不对的andleadsometothinkthatWesternersdon‘tknowhowtolookafterchildrenproperly.Unit3thirdplaneonwhichmusicThethirdplaneonwhichmusicexistsisthesheerlymusicalplane.Besidesthepleasurablesoundofmusicandtheexpressivefeelingthatitgivesoff,musicdoesexistintermsofthenotesthemselvesandoftheirmanipulation.Mostlistenersarenotsufficientlyconsciousofthisthirdplane.Itisveryimportantforallofustobecomemorealivetomusiconitssheerlymusicalplane.Afterall,anactualmusicalmaterialisbeingused.Theintelligentlistenermustbepreparedtoincreasehisawarenessofthemusicalmaterialandwhathappenstoit.Hemusthearthemelodies,therhythms,theharmoniesthetonecolorsinamoreconsciousfashion.Butaboveallhemust,inordertofollowthelineofthecomposer'sthought,knowsomethingoftheprinciplesofmusicalform.Listeningtoalloftheseelementsislisteningonthesheerlymusicalplane.Unit4Goldenmemories(1——3)Icanstillvaguelyrecallthemenwhobuiltthewalls,andraisedtheroof,eventhoughitwasmanyfamiliesago.Themasterfromthemanorhouseoverthewayneededalodgeforhisgroundsmantolive,andfoundaclearinginthehugeorchardwhichranupanddownthehills.Hesentworkmentohaulthegoldenstonefromthelocalquarryandtheyspentthreemonthsconstructingtwocottagesinthepark.Ionlyseemyneighbourside-on.I’veneverseenhimfromthefront,butIdoknowthatstrangely,althoughwe’reidentical,we’retheexactoppositeofeachother,withmyfrontdoorfacingeastandmyneighbour’sfacingwest,mybedroominthebackoverhiskitchen,mykitchenunderhisbedroominthefront.IthinkI’mtheluckyonebecauseeachmorning,mystonegleamsinthesunlight.Thegroundsmantendedtheorchardsandthegardensaroundthemanorhousesothetreesinautumnwerealwaysboweddownwithapplesandpears,andasthedaysgrewshorterthelandaroundwasteemingwithhelperspickingthefruitandroundingupthewindfallstotaketothemanorhouse,ortomarketintowndowntheway.Unit5DinneratTheappointmentmeantJoshwouldn'tgethomeuntilafterChristmas.Hewasnot,however,unhappy.HewasmeetingJoRogers,theSeniorsenatorforConnecticut,andoneofthebest-knownfacesintheUS.【精品文档】\n【精品文档】SenatorRogerswasaDemocratinherthirdtermofoffice,whoknewCapitolHillinsideoutbutwhohadneverthelessmanagedtokeephercredibilitywithhervotersasaWashingtonoutsider.Shewaspro-abortion,anti-corruption,pro-lowcarbonemissionsandanti-capitalpunishment,asfineaprogressiveliberalasyoucouldfindthissideoftheAtlantic.TalkshowhostscalledherHonestSenatorJo,andacoupleofyearsago,TimemagazinehadherintherunningforWomanoftheYear.Itwaselectiontimeinthefollowingyear,andthewordwasshewasgoingtorunfortheDemocraticnomination.RogershadmetJoshinDC,thoughthimhighlycompetent,andhadinvitedhimtodinner.Unit6festivals(11——13)SotheproblemisnotWesternculture,orwhatwegenerallyassociatewithit.TheproblemisthosewhoareblindedbyeverythingWestern.WehavetofindoutwhymoreandmoreChinese,especiallytheyoungsters,feelatonewithWesternfestivalsasmuchastheydowiththeChineseones.Butthankfullyourfestivalshavelostnoneoftheircharm.Andhereiswherethealarmbellssoundedbyscholarsandstudentscomein.Icanunderstandthezealofthesepeople.Theywanttoconserveourculture,andthatdefinitelydoesn’tmakethemwhatwegenerallyrefertoas“conservatives”.Theyhaveapoint.Butthey,orforthatmatteranybodyelse,cannotsaveanysocietyfromtheinfluenceofaworldgettingsmallerbytheday.SoinsteadoftryingtoshutoureyesandearstoWesternfestivals,weshouldacceptthegoodnesstheyofferandpracticewhattheystandfor.Andlet’snotforgetthatJesuswasnotbornintheWestbuttheEast(theMiddleEast,tobeprecise),andhepreachedloveformankindandhelpforthepoor.Unit7heroesPicciotoPicciottowasthehighestrankingfirefightertosurvivetheattack.Thechiefofthedepartment,thefirstdeputyandthechiefofrescueoperationshadallbeenkilled.Altogetherthedeathtollincluded343firefightersandmorethan3,000civilians.PicciottotellsthestoryinhisbookLastManDown.HeusesadramaticfirstpersonstylewhichgivesthereaderanideaofthenightmareandthechaoticconfusionofoneofthedarkestdaysinthehistoryoftheUnitedStates,thetragedynowknowntotheworldsimplyas9/11,butadayofutmosthumanityandheroismtoo.Publishedin2002,thebookbecameanimmediatebest-seller,whichtheauthorwroteingratitude,andintendedasatributeto,hisdecentandtrustworthycomradeswhogavetheirlives.It’salsoatestimonytohisleadershipskills.Ashesays,“Peoplecallusheroes,butwewerejustdoingourjob.”【精品文档】\n【精品文档】Unit8(12——14)Urbanmythshavethecharacteristicscommontoallmyths:Theyoftenrecordevents,peoplebelieveinthem,theyhavebeenpassedonbywordofmouthandexaggerated,theyoftencontainamoralorwarnofpossibledangersinparticularsituationsorcontexts,andtheyadvisepeoplewhattodoorhowtobehave.Intheirway,forlistenersinthe21stcentury,theyarejustasrealasthemythsoftheGreeks,Romans,Celts,Vikings,MesopotamiansandChinesefromyearsgoneby.Buttheonedifferenceisthattruemythsalwaysfeaturegodsorheroicnear-godsorstoriesaboutthecreationoftheworldanditsnaturalphenomenasuchaslightningorsacredmountains.Incontrast,urbanmythsaremoremundane.TheLondonSubterraneansarefarfromgod-like,neitherthehitchhikernorthedriverisheroic,theNewYorkalligatorsdon’tsymbolizenaturalphenomena,andwhilethestoryofthehaplessbusinessmanmaybeacautionarytale,ithardlyactsasamodelforheroicbehavior.【精品文档】