初中英语阅读二 4页

（四）Ifyouhaveabrotherorsister,youalreadyknowyouaredifferentfromeachother,Youlivetogetherinthesamehouseandthesameparents,butyouhavedifferentpersonalities.Whyisthis?OnepossiblereasonisthewayyourparenttreatyouFirst–bornchildrenreceivealltheattentionfromtheirparents,Mostfamilyhavetwiceasmanyphotosofafirst–bornthananyotherchild,Parentsusuallygivefirst–bornmoreresponsibilityanddependonthemtotakecareofyoungerbrothersandsistersAsaresult,first–bornareoftenresponsible,hard–wording,andserious.TheyoftenWanttodowellatschoolandwork,Therearemorefirst–bornAmericanPresidents-forExampleGeorgeBush,GeorgeWashington,andLyndonBainesJohnson-thansecondorlast-bornchildren.Whenasecondchildarrives,parentsaremorerelaxed.Thesecondchildhastocompetewiththefirst–bornfortheparents，attentionandlove,Therechildrenoftenchoosedifferentsportsandhobbiestowellatschoolandwork,buthavetobecreativetogettheirfamily，，sattentionTheyareoftenfriendlyandcool.Manyfamoustalk-showhostswerebornlast.1Whatarethefirstbornchildren’spersonalities?______________________________________________________________.\n2Howdoyourparentsfeelwhenasecondchildarrives?_______________________________________________________________.3Canhe—asecondchildgethisfamily’sattentionifheiscreative?_______________________________________________________________.4Whydothetwochildreninthesamefamilyhavedifferentpersonalities?_______________________________________________________________.5Accordingtothepassage,whocanbeatalk–showhost,thefirstbornchildorthesecond-bornchild?_______________________________________________________________.（五）★StephenHawkingwasborninOxford,Englandon8thJanuary,1942.HewenttoschoolinStAlbans----asmallcitynearLondon.Althoughhedidwell,hewasnevertopofhisclass.Afterleavingschool,HawkingwentfirsttoOxfordUniversitywherehestudiedphysics,thenhewenttoCambridgeUniversitywherehestudiedcosmology.Ashehimselfadmits(承认),hedidn'tworkhard.Hewasaverylazystudent,anddidverylittlework.However,hestillgotgoodmarks.★Itwasattheageof20thatHawkingfirstnoticedsomethingwaswrongwithhim.Hestartedtobump(撞上)intothings.WhenhevisitedhisfamilyatChristmastime,hismotherwassoworriedthatshemadehimseeadoctor.Hawkingwassenttohospitalfortests.Finally,theresultcameback.Hawkinghadmotorneuronedisease,anincurableillnesswhichwouldmakehimunabletospeak,breatheormovewithoutthehelpofamachine.Doctorssaidtheyhadnowaytohelphim.Hewoulddiebeforehewas23.★Atfirst,Hawkingbecameverysad.Afterawhile,though,hebegantoseehislifeinadifferentway.Ashelaterwrote,"Beforemyillnesswasdiagnosed(诊断),Ihadbeenveryboredwithlife.Therehad\nnotseemedtobeanythingworthdoing.ButshortlyafterIcameoutofhospital,IsuddenlyrealizedthattherewerealotofworthwhilethingsIcoulddo."Hawkingmarried,foundajobatCambridgeUniversity,andhadthreechildren.Healsowentontodosomeofthemostimportantscientificresearch.★Today,HawkingstillworksatCambridgeUniversityasaprofessor.Hestronglybelievesthathisstoryshowsthatnobody,howeverbadtheirsituation(处境)is,shouldlosehope."Lifeisnotfair,"heoncesaid."Youjusthavetodothebestyoucaninyourownsituation."根据短文内容，选择正确答案，（5分）()1.Asauniversitystudent,StephenHawking_______.A.workedveryhardB.studiedmathsandphysicsC.wasthebeststudentinhisclassD.waslazyanddidverylittlework()2.Hawkingfirstnoticedsomethingwaswrongwithhimwhen______.A.hewassenttohospitalfortestsB.hismothermadehimseeadoctorC.hewastwentyyearsoldD.hevisitedhisfamilyatChristmastimeoneyear()3.Inthispassagetheword"incurable"means______.A.无法治愈的B.难以确诊的C.常见的D.可以治愈的()4.WhenHawkingwasfirstdiagnosedwithmotorneuronedisease,he.A.madeuphismindtogetmarriedB.begantoseehislifeinadifferentwayC.thoughtthatnothinginlifewasworthdoingD.becameveryunhappily()5.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.MotorNeuroneDiseaseB.LifeisFairC.ProfessorStephenHawkingD.ALazyBoy（六）Peoplewhodonoteatanymeatareknownasvegetariansandtheyhaveallkindsofreasonsforchoosingmeatlessfood.Somedoitforreligiousorhealthreasonswhileothersdoitnotbychoicebutbynecessity.Meatisexpensiveandtheycannotbuyit.Somefamouspeopleinhistorytoowerevegetariansandtheyhadtheirownstrangereasonsfornoteatingmeat.GeorgeBernardShaw,afamousBritishwriterofplays,wasoneofthem.Heconsideredmeatdirty.Helikedtoboastabouthishealthyappearanceascomparedwithpeoplewhoatemeat.Heoftensaid,“Whatcanyouexpectfrompeoplewhoeatdeadanimals?”AnotherfamousvegetarianwasGandhi.Duringhisyouth,IndiawasunderBritishrule.MostHindusarevegetariansbutsomeyoungpeopleturnedtoeatingmeatatthattime,astheybelievedthattheEnglishweretallbecausetheyatemeat.Whenhewasthirteen,Gandhiatemuttonforthefirsttime.Itwasanexperiencethathefeltsorryabout.Hefeltlikealivegoatwasinsidehim.Inhislateryears,hebecameastrictvegetarian.Hitler,themanresponsibleforthedeathofmanyinnocentpeopleintheSecondWorldWar,wasalsoavegetarian.Hechosemeatlessfoodbecausehewasalwaysworriedabouthishealth.\n根据短文内容，回答问题。（10分）1.Whatkindofpeoplearecalledvegetarians?________________________________________________2.Whydidn’tShaweatmeat?________________________________________________3.WhoruledIndiawhenGandhiwasyoung?_________________________________________________4.DidGandhifeelsorryafterhisfirsttasteofmutton?___________________________________________5.WhydidHitlerchoosemeatlessfood?_________________________________________________