初中英语冠词复习 8页

初中英语冠词复习一.概念冠词是一个虚词,它置于名词之前,限定名词的意义.冠词可分为定冠词,不定冠词和零冠词三类.二.相关知识点精讲不定冠词：a/ana用于辅音发音开头的词前,如：abook;acountryan用于元音发音开头的词前，如：anapple,anhour.请区别：ausefulmachine,anumbrella,a“u”,an“h”。用法：1.a/an用于单数可数名词前,表示“某一”“一…”或者“一个”的意思.abookaboyamanabirdadoganhouraninterestingbookabigdogadangerousanimal【练习】1.判断正误：astory()abread()apaper（）abag（）aprettywoman（）aschool()ausefulbook()2.Thereis“h”inword“photo”．A．a，aB．an，theC．the，anD．an，an3.Sheishonestgirl．A．anB．aC．/D．the4.—DoesJimhave_______ruler？—Yes，hehas_______．2.表示类别：这种用法是指某人或某物属于某一种类，或者指某一种类的人或物中的任何一个或一件，或者指某一种类的人或物，但不具体说明是何人或何物。 例如：   Thatisapen,notapencil. 那是钢笔而不是铅笔。（指属于某一种类）   Givehimapear,please! 请给他一个梨。（指某一种类中的任何一个）Anelephantisbiggerthanahorse.大象比马大。【练习】Ishe_______AmericanNBAplayer？和one的区别：a/an表示类别种类One强调数量abus（表示是一辆公交车而不是一辆小汽车也不是火车）onebus(强调是一辆车而不是两辆或三辆)8\nThereisacatunderthechair. 椅子下面有一只猫。（强调种类）Thereisonecatunderthechair.椅子下边有一只猫。（强调数量）3.用来指某人或某物，但有不具体说明是谁或是什么，如：AcomradefromShanghaiiscomingtogiveusatalkthisafternoon.一位来自上海的同志今天下午将给我们作报告。Mymotheronceworkedinaschool.我母亲曾在一所学校工作。4.表示基本单位，作“每一”讲。例如：threetimesaday10yuanakilosixclassadaythirtymilesanhour等。【练习】_______doctortoldhimtotake_______medicinethreetimes_______day．5.不定冠词a/an可用在一种职业，阶级或宗教的名称前。如：What’syourfather?He’sadoctor.你父亲是什么职业？他是名医生。Mr.BlackisnowaChristian.布莱克先生现在是名基督教徒。6.固定短语：onceuponatime从前takealook看一看catchacold感冒alittle一点点afew一点儿havearest休息【练习】1.Let’sgofor_________walk.2.Whataboutgoingto__________movie?定冠词：thethe表示特指。表示名词所指的人或事物是同类中的特定的一个，以别于同类中其他的人或事物，相当于汉语中的“那个”或“这个”的意思。thebookinmybagtheboyunderthetreetheapplesinthebasketthehospitalnearmyhome可以和单、复数名词，也可以和不可数的名词连用。thebooksthebookthericethebreadthefootballtheoldmantheinterestingbooktheteachersthewomen3.用法：8\n1）.定冠词的最基本的用法是“特指”：表示某个或某些特定的人或物。 Doyouknowthegirlinaredskirt? 你认识那个穿红裙子的女孩吗？ BeijingisthecapitalofChina. 北京是中国的首都。【练习】美国的首都________________________四川的省会________________________2）.再次提到上文提到过的人或物，应该用定冠词the。例如：Tomhasanapple,Theappleisbigandred.Thereisaboyunderthetree.Theboyismybrother.3）.指谈话双方都知道的人或物。例如：Let’sgoandgiveittotheteacher.咱们去把它交给老师吧。Openthedoor,please!请打开门。4）.用于某些固定词组中。 例如:inthemorning/afternoon/evening等。5）.用在形容词前表示一类人。theold老人theyoung年轻人therich富裕的人【练习】thepoor_________thedeaf__________theblind____________6）.用在表示“姓”的复数名词前，表示一家人或夫妇二人。  例如：TheWhitesarespendingtheirholidayinEngland. TheGreenscametoChinatwoyearsago.【练习】汤姆的家人来自日本。_________________________________________7）.用在由普通名词构成的表示场所的专有名词前。theGreatWall长城theSummerPlace颐和园theUnitedStates美国theOctoberRevolution十月革命theChinesePeople’sLiberationArmy中国人民解放军theLongMarch长征8）.用在序数词或形容词最高级前8\nThefirstthingIwanttosayistolistencarefullyinclass.Heisthetallestoneinourclass.9）.世界上独一无二的事物等（月亮、地球、天空、宇宙）theglobe太阳系theuniverse宇宙theatmosphere大气层Thesunrisesintheeast.Theearthgoesroundthesun.10）.在世纪，年代名词前用冠词。inthe1980s或inthe1980’s在20世纪80年代inthenineteenthcentury在二十世纪【练习】李丽的爷爷生于二十世纪四十年代。______________________________________________11）.在江河、山脉、湖泊、海洋、群岛、海峡、海湾运河前用the。theLongRiver长江theWestLake西湖thePacificOcean太平洋12）.在表示方位的词前，如：Thesunrisesintheeast,andsetsinthewest.太阳从东边升起，从西边落下JiangxiliesinthesouthofChina.江西位于中国的南方。13）在乐器名称前常用定冠词，如：Heoftenplaysthepianoatfiveintheafternoon.他常在下午五点弹钢琴。Canyouplaytheviolin?你会拉小提琴吗？14）固定短语：inthemorning在早上thedayaftertomorrow后天thenextday第二天bytheway顺便零冠词：所谓零冠词，即指不使用冠词的情况：用法：1）在物质名词，抽象名词前不用冠词Thedeskismadeofwood.8\nWhatiswork?Workisstruggle2）专有名词前通常不用定冠词：England，ChinaMaryLileiMr.Green3）在星期、月份，季节，节日等名词前：spring,summer,autumnandwinter一年有四季：春夏秋冬WeoftengotoseeafilmonSunday.我们经常周日去看电影。TomorrowisNationalDay.明天是国庆节。4）名词前有物主代词，指示代词，不定代词，名词所有格修饰时(this，my，that，those，these，her)如：thismorningmypenyourwatchwhosebike等5）在球类运动、一日三餐、学科和语言的名词前如：havebreakfastplaychessplaybasketball(注意在乐器前必须加定冠词如弹钢琴playthepianoplaytheviolin)6）固定短语：bybus乘坐公共汽车afterschool放学后inbed卧床atfirst首先atnoon在中午onfoot步行【练习】IwenttoHongKongby_____planelastyear.A.aB.anC.theD./精选例题Completethistruestory.Putina/anorthe.Amandecidedtorob(1)_______bankinthetownwherehelived.Hewalkedinto(2)_______bankandhanded(3)_______notetooneof(4)_______cashiers.(5)_______cashierread(6)_______note,whichtoldhertogive(7)_______mansomemoney.Afraidthathemighthave(8)_______gun,shedidasshewastold.(9)_______manthenwalkedoutof(10)_______building,leaving(11)_______notebehind.However,hehadnotimetospend(12)_______moneybecausehewasarrested(13)_______sameday.Hehadmade(14)_______mistake.Hehadwritten(15)_______noteon(16)_______backof(17)_______envelope.Andon(18)8\n_______othersideof(19)_______envelopewashisnameandaddress.Thiscluewasquiteenoughfor(20)_______detectivesonthecase.课堂练习一、根据句意，填写合适的冠词（a,an,the,/）1．Thereis_______pictureof_______elephanton_______wall．2．Thisis_______usefulbook．I'vereaditfor_______hour．3．_______elephantismuchheavierthan_______horse．4．_______doctortoldhimtotake_______medicinethreetimes_______day．5．Let'sgooutfor_______walk．6．It'stoohot．Open_______door，please．7．Thereis_______womanoverthere．_______womanisMeimei'smother．8．_______sunrisesin_______east．9．_______ChangjiangRiveris_______longestriverin_______China．10．Areyougoingtodoit_______secondtime？二、单项选择()1HanMeimeiis___Chinesegirl.Lucyis____Englishgirl.A.a;aB.an;anC.a;anD.an;a()2Alittleboywrote____"U"and___"n"onthewall.A.a;anB.an;aC.an;anD.a;a()3_____oldladyinbrownis____universityprofessor.A.An;aB.An;/C.The;anD.The;a()4Therearesixtyminutesin____hour.A.anB.theC.aD./()5Thisis____interestingbookanditisalso____usefulone.A.an;anB.an;theC.an;aD.a;a()6Acomputeris____usefultoolin____worldtoday.A.an;theB.a;theC.the;theD.a;a()7Nowheis___artist.1haveknownhimsincehewas___one-year-oldboy.8\nA.a;anB.a;aC.an;anD.an;a()8.Whichbigger___elephantor___horse?A.a;theB.an;aC.the;anD.an;the()9.____monkeycanclimb____trees.A./;theB.A;/C.The;aD./;/()10.Mymotherhad___fever,soIhadtolookafterher.AaB.theC,/D.this课后习题一、根据句意，填写合适的冠词（a,an,the,/）1．Washingtonis_______capitalof_______USA．2．_______Turnersarelivingattheendof_______TurnerStreet．3．Hejoinedthearmyin_______springof_______1995．4．_______oldmanis_______teacher．Helikesplaying_______basketballafter_______supper．5．AfterIhad_______quickbreakfast，Ihurriedtoschool．6．Are_____sheepkeptby_____farmersforproducing_____wooland_____meat？7．Theywentto_______People'sPark，butwebothwentto_______People'sCinemayesterday．8．Ioftenwatch_______TVin_______evening．9．_______dayof_______December20，1999isMonday．10．Tomorrowis_______ChristmasDayandmyfatherandIwenttochoose_______Christmastreetoday．二、单项选择()1.Thereis___'Win___word"map".A.a;anB.an;aC.an;theD.a;the()2.Thereis____bridgeoverthere.____bridgeismadeofwood.A.the;TheB.a;AC.the;AD.a;The8\n()3.Shesaw____EnglishfilmlastSunday.Butshecannotremember     nameof___film.A.an;a;aB.a;the;aC.an;the;aD.an;the;the()4Thereis___oldmanunder___tree.A.an;theB.the;aC.a;theD.an;/()5-Whatwas___yesterday?-November24.A.dateB.thedateC.dayD.theday()6Weshallvisityourcountryin____comingyear.A.aB.theC.oneD.that()7.Wecansee___sunand___moonin___picture.A.a;the;theB.the;a;theC.a;the;aD.the;the;the()8Parisis___capitalofFrance.A.aB./C.oneD.the()9Hetakesabathin____evening.A.theB./C.aD.an()10Cottonisgrownin____China.A.northB.thenorthofC.thenorthD.anorth8