初中英语被动语态 5页

初高中英语被动语态(bedone)讲与练一、语态概述　　英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。　　　　主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。　　　　例如：ManypeoplespeakChinese.　　　　谓语：speak的动作是由主语manypeople来执行的。　　　　被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如：Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.英语English是动词speak的承受者。二、被动语态的构成　　被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。　　一般现在时：__________＋spoken　　　　一般过去时：__________＋spoken　　　　一般将来时：________________＋spoken过去将来时：________________+spoken　　　　现在进行时：_____________________＋spoken　　　　过去进行时：__________________＋spoken　　　　现在完成时：__________________＋spoken　　　　过去完成时：______________+spoken三、被动语态的用法　　　　（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。　　　　例如：Somenewcomputers________________lastnight.　一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道电脑是谁偷的）　　　　Thisbridge__________________in1981.这座桥竣工于1981年。　　　　（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。　　　　例如：Theglass_______________byMike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。　　　　Thisbook_______________byhim.这本书是他写的。　　　　Yourhomework__________________ontime.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。四、主动语态变被动语态的方法　　　　（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。5\n　　　　（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词）（根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。　　　　（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：　　　　Allthepeoplelaughedathim.　　　　_________________________________________　　　　Theymakethebikesinthefactory.　　　　_________________________________________　　　　Hecutdownatree.　　　　__________________________　五、含有情态动词的被动语态　　　　含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成。　　　　Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays.　　　　Thiswatch_______________intwodays.　　　　Theyshoulddoitatonce.　　　　It___________atonce.　六、特殊情况　　　　1.Hemadetheboyworkfortwohoursyesterday.　　　　Theboy____________________byhimfortwohoursyesterday.　　　　2.MotherneversawmewatchTV.　　　　I_____________________watchTVbymother.　　　　3.JackgavePeteraChristmaspresentjustnow.　　　　（1）AChristmaspresent________________PeterbyJackjustnow.　　　　（2）PeterwasgivenaChristmaspresentbyJackjustnow.被动语态填空基本练习：1:Hesaidthehouse______________________(paint)atthattime.2:Hesaidthehouse______________________(paint)thenextweek.3:Hesaidthehouse_____________(paint)bythetimeIarrivedinBeijing.4:Look,thehouse__________________(paint)now.5:Thehouse_____already___________.Itlooksverybeautiful.6:Thehouse_______________twodaysago.7:Howterrible!Thehouse_____often_______.8:Thehouse_________________tomorrow.5\n时态单选1.—Yourphonenumberagain?I_______quitecatchit.　—It’s9568442.　　A.didn’t    B.couldn’t      C.don’t    D.can’t　　2.—CanIhelpyou,sir?　　—Yes.Iboughtthisradiohereyesterday,butit_______.　　A.didn’twork  B.won’twork  C.can’twork  D.doesn’twork　　3.Helen_______herkeysintheofficesoshehadtowaituntilherhusband_______home.　　A.hasleft;comes          B.left;hadcome　　C.hadleft;came          D.hadleft;wouldcome　　4.—_______myglasses?　　—Yes,Isawthemonyourbedaminuteago.　　A.Doyousee        B.Hadyousee　　C.Wouldyousee     D.Haveyouseen　　5.IfirstmetLisathreeyearsago.She_______ataradioshopatthattime.　　A.hasworked                           B.wasworking　　C.hadbeenworking                    D.hadworked　　6.—Isthisraincoatyours?　　—No,mine_______therebehindthedoor.　　A.ishanging      B.hashung    C.hangs   D.hung　　7.—Alice,whydidn’tyoucomeyesterday?　　—I_______,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.　　A.had           B.would    C.wasgoingto        D.did　　8.—WhoisJerryCooper?　　—_______?Isawyoushakinghandswithhimatthemeeting.　　A.Don’tyoumeethimyet          B.Hadn’tyoumethimyet　　C.Didn’tyoumeethimyet         D.Haven’tyoumethimyet　　9.—Hi,Tracy,youlooktired.　　—Iamtired.I_______thelivingroomallday.　　A.painted                         B.hadpainted　　C.havebeenpainting               D.havepainted5\n　　10.—Nancyisnotcomingtonight.　　—Butshe_______!　　A.promises      B.promised   C.willpromise  D.hadpromised　　11.Shirley_______abookaboutChinalastyearbutIdon’tknowwhethershehasfinishedit.　　A.haswritten   B.wrote  C.hadwritten    D.waswriting　　12.—Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing!　　—Oh,I’mterriblysorry._______.　　A.I’mnotnoticing                      B.Iwasn’tnoticing　　C.Ihaven’tnoticed                    D.Idon’tnotice语态单选：1)Itissaidthatanewrobot____byhiminafewdays.　　A)designed　　B)hasbeendesigned　　C)willbedesigned　　D)willhavebeendesigned　　2)Wearelate.Iexpectthefilm____bythetimewegettothecinema.　　A)willalreadyhavestarted　　B)wouldalreadyhavestarted　　C)shallhavealreadystarted　　D)hasalreadybeenstarted　　3)Shewillstopshowingoffifnonotice____ofher.　　A)istaken　　B)takes　　C)willbetaken　D)hastaken　　4)Diamond____inBrazilin1971.　　A)isfound　　B)hasbeenfound　　C)wasfound　　D)hadbeenfound　　5)"Haveyoumovingtothenewflat?""Notyet.Theroom____."　　A)hasbeenpainted　　B)ispainted　　C)paints　　D)isbeingpainted　　6)Mypictures____untilnextFriday.　　A)won'tdevelop　　B)aren'tdeveloped　　C)don'tdevelop　　D)won'tbedeveloped　　7)Tim____sincehelosthisjobthreeweeksago.　　A)hadbeenunemployed　　B)wasunemployed　C)hasbeenunemployedD)hasunemployed　　8)Agreatnumberofcollegesanduniversities____since1949.　　A)hasbeenestablishB)havebeenestablished5\nC)haveestablished　　D)hadbeenestablished　　9)I'llhavetopushthecartothesideoftheroadbecausewe____ifweleaveithere.　　A)wouldbefined　　B)willbefined　　C)willbeingfined　　D)willhavebeenfined　　10)"____twoticketsforthenewplayattheGrandTheatreonSaturday.Shallwegoandseeittogether?"　　A)Theyhavebeengiven　B)Ihavebeengiven　C)Iamgiven　　D)Theyhavegiventome　5