中考总复习英语百色精讲专题11 动词的被动语态 3页

专题十一　动词的被动语态 百色五年中考命题规律及趋势 近五年百色中考考情分析 ‎2019年百色中考命题预测 年份 考查角度 考查重点 题号 分值 预计2019年百色中考对动词的被动语态的考查仍是重点。主要考查动词被动语态的用法。选择填空、完形填空、综合填空为主要考查形式。考查的小题数约2—3道。‎ ‎2019‎ ‎/‎ ‎/‎ ‎/‎ ‎/‎ ‎2019‎ 被动语态的用法 考查be used to do sth.与be used for doing sth.的用法 ‎36‎ ‎1‎ ‎2019‎ 被动语态的用法 考查found(建立)的被动语态 ‎34‎ ‎1‎ ‎2019‎ 被动语态的用法 考查一般现在时的被动语态 ‎36‎ ‎1‎ ‎2019‎ ‎/‎ ‎/‎ ‎/‎ ‎/‎ 百色中考语法突破 ‎　　动词有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。当主语为动作的执行者时，谓语动词用主动语态；当主语为动词的承受者时，谓语动词用被动语态。‎ ‎　语态的分类、用法及构成 ‎1．语态的分类和用法 语态分类 用法 例句 主动语态 表示主语是动作的执行者 Many people speak English there.在那里许多人讲英语。‎ 被动语态 表示主语是动作的承受者 Chinese is spoken by many people.许多人说汉语。‎ ‎　　2.被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词(用done表示)＋(by＋动作的执行者)”构成。助动词be有人称、时态、数的变化。‎ 时态 被动结构 例句 一般现在时 am/is/are ‎＋done　　‎ This kind of car is made in China.这种汽车是中国制造的。‎ 一般过去时 was/were ‎＋done　‎ The room was cleaned yesterday.房间昨天被打扫过了。‎ 情态动词：can，‎ may，must，should，‎ could…‎ 情态动词＋be＋done Tables can be made of stone.桌子可以由石头制成。‎ 一般将来时 will/shall＋be＋done Some trees will be planted in our neighborhood this week.这周将在社区周边种一些树。‎ 现在完成时 have/has been＋done The bridge has been built.这座桥已经建成了。‎ 选择填空。‎ ‎(　D　)1.(2019遂宁中考)Do you know the 32nd Olympic Games ________ in Tokyo in 2020?‎ A．is held B．hold C．will hold D．will be held ‎(　D　)2.(2019盘锦中考)—________ the theme park ________ in Shanghai two years ago?‎ ‎—Yes，it's about Chinese traditional culture.‎ A．Does；build B．Did；build C．Is；built D．Was；built ‎(　C　)3.(2019来宾中考)Every year lots of trees ________along the streets to make our city more beautiful.‎ A．plant B．will plant C．are planted D．have planted ‎　被动语态的特殊结构 条件 常用词 例句 连系动词用主动形式表示被动含义 look，feel，smell，taste，sound等 The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。‎ 续表 条件 常用词 例句 有些动词的主动形式表示被动含义 open，lock，write，read，sell，clean，wash，cut，drive等词作不及物动词时 These books sell well.这些书卖得很好。‎ happen，take place，come out，run out，spread等表示“发生，进行”等的不及物动词及短语 The story happened on a cold night.这个故事发生在一个寒冷的夜晚。‎ need doing sth.(需要做某事)，be worth doing sth.(值得做某事)‎ Your bedroom is in a mess.It needs cleaning.你的房间很脏乱，需要打扫一下。‎ 续表 条件 常用词 例句 感官动词和使役动词后跟不带to的动词不定式作补语，变为被动语态时，省略的to要加上 see，hear，watch，feel，make，let，have I often hear her sing.＝She is often heard to sing.我经常听到她唱歌。‎ 百色五年真题回顾 ‎(　　)1.(2019百色中考)These machines ________ cut grass.‎ A．are used to B．use to C．are used for D．use for ‎【解析】考查被动语态。句意：这些机器________除草。通读句子，可知“machine”与“use”在逻辑上是动宾关系，主语是动作的承受者，应用被动语态。for是介词，其后应跟动名词。“be used to do sth.”意为“被用来做某事”，是固定搭配。‎ ‎【答案】A ‎(　　)2.(2019百色中考)As we all know that the People's Liberation Army ________ in 1927.‎ A．founded B．was founded C．found D．is founded ‎【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：正如我们所知，人民解放军________于1927年。由题目中“in 1927”可知，本句时态应用一般过去时，并且主语是动作的承受者，故用一般过去时的被动语态。‎ ‎【答案】B ‎(　　)3.(2019百色中考)—What does the sign on the right tell us?‎ ‎—Oh，it tells us that we ________ to stop our cars here.‎ A．don't allow B．aren't allowed C．didn't allow D．weren't allowed ‎【解析】考查语境理解及动词的时态和语态。句意：右边的标志告诉我们什么？哦，它告诉我们________在这里停车。“tells”可知时态是一般现在时，同时主语是动作的承受者，故用一般现在时的被动语态。‎ ‎【答案】B 考点抢测 选择填空。‎ ‎(　D　)1.(2019百色一模)Chinese ________ by the largest number of people in the world.【考点❶】‎ A．speak B．is speaking C．speaks D．is spoken ‎(　B　)2.(2019百色适应性考试)Many trees ________ on the hill next year.【考点❶】‎ A．plant B．will be planted C．will plant D．will be plant ‎(　C　)3.(2019南充中考)—What a terrible rainstorm it was last night!‎ ‎—Yes，many old trees and houses ________．【考点❶】‎ A．pull down B．were pulling down C．were pulled down D．pulled down ‎(　D　)4.(新信息题)Do you know the 19th Asian Games ________ in Hangzhou in 2020?‎ A．is held B．hold C．will hold D．will be hold ‎(　C　)5.(原创题)The flowers need ________．【考点❷】‎ A．watered B．waters C．watering D．to water ‎(　B　)6.(2019河北中考)Look at the picture.The top five TV plays ________ in it.【考点❶】‎ A．list B．are listed C．will list D．will be listed ‎