【英语】2019届二轮复习短文改错解题指导学案（5页word版） 5页

‎2019届二轮复习短文改错解题指导学案 第一、二课时 题型简介 ‎ 新型高考改错题是在2013年首次出现在新课标全国二卷中的，它是继新课改以来，为了适应新课改的改革要求，灵活考察学生的英语语言知识水平，测试学生对语言词汇、语言习惯、固定搭配、惯有句型以及语法、整篇大意的理解和把握而新设的一道综合测试题。这道新题型的特点具有起点高、开放性、灵活性强等特点，对学生的英语综合知识水平是一道较好的测试题。‎ 教学目标 （1） 掌握改错题的出题方向和考察内容。‎ （2） 学会有效的解题技能。‎ （3） 正确、规范的答题。‎ 教学重、难点 ‎1. 整体把握改错题的出题方向。‎ ‎2. 观察新课标卷中近两年的改错题，并得出自己的努力方向。‎ ‎3. 训练规范的答题。‎ 教学步骤：‎ Before class：先学任务&Warming up:‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同学写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（）,并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Dear Mrs. Winthorp,‎ So my first week at college is over! No lectures this morning so I think I’d email you and let you know what things are going. ‎ I’m glad to say that anything has worked out fine in the dorm. I remember asking for a room as far away from the lifts as possible and they find me a comfortable one on second floor. There are two girls from my course here and I plan to make friend with them so that we can help each other on the course work. Everyone else seems very nice and warmly here. ‎ Well, I had better to stop now. I’m going to attend mine first lesson this afternoon, for I’ve got some preparation to make, Keep in touch. ‎ Best,‎ Carol During class：‎ Step1: Discussion (group work)‎ Work in your group and work out the key tested-points of this passage. ‎ Step2: 短文改错题命题特点 ‎1. 短文内容：与学生的学习或生活密切相关，以书信居多。‎ ‎2. 短文长度：约100个词，不少于95词，也不多于110词。‎ ‎3. 错误设置：每个句子最多有两处错误，即有的句子无错，有的句子只有一个错误，有的句子有两个错误。注意：一句不会出现三处错误。‎ ‎4. 错误类型：1处多词；1处少词；8处错一个词，即多词、少词和错词的比例是1:1:8。‎ ‎⑴ 多一个词，要求删除的通常是：冠词、介词、连词、不定式符号、助动词。‎ ‎⑵ 少一个词，要求考生添加的通常是：冠词、介词、连词、不定式符号、物主代词。‎ ‎⑶ 错一个词，要求考生改正。‎ Step3：改错题解题原则及步骤 总原则：‎ 改动以最少为原则; 虚词以添加或删除为原则; ‎ 实词以改变词形为原则；以保持句子原意为原则。‎ 步骤：‎ 通读全文，掌握大意;‎ 整句分析，逐行推敲;‎ 反复通读，复查验证。‎ Step4: 短文改错解题技巧 一、 逻辑关系错误 1. 语意矛盾：and—but come—go luckily—unluckily here—there unless-if Unfortunately, the Twins Towers destroyed on September 11th, 2001 and I would have the chance to see them by myself. ‎ More than 1000 paintings will be on show, but high school students and teachers from all the eight districts will come to the event. ‎ I am here in Beijing, and I do wish you could go to visit China.‎ This man might need the umbrella himself，and he preferred to give it to somebody else.‎ 2. 语意重复：because—so; though--but; repeat--again; improve--better; ‎ Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems. ‎ 二、 习惯搭配错误 ‎1. 错误搭配：enter× into; marry × with; in × last week; all × what; the place where he lives× in; the girl whom he works with× her; 主系表+to do × it. ‎ The teacher entered into the classroom, followed by some students.‎ She married with a lawyer in last year.‎ 2. 固定搭配：give up; stay up; give in; be filled with; too…to; so/such…that…; whether…or not…;hardly…when…; no sooner…than…；agree with；enjoy…oneself…等； ‎ Immediately the homeless dog filled me of sympathy. ‎ They quarreled as they could not agree each other.‎ It was a lesson to us that it was possible give without expecting anything in return.‎ We can lie on the grass for a rest, or sat by the lake listening music. ‎ 当堂导练一：‎ 1. I like dancing, my brother likes playing basketball.‎ ‎ 2. Last week, she visited the places where she lives in many years ago. ‎ 3. Unless you lose heart, you’ll fail. ‎ ‎ 4. He wrote to me immediately as soon as he got there.‎ 5. Though it was cold, but he went out.‎ 6. Living in a dorm can increase friendship and cooperation among classmates, but of course it is safe. ‎ 三、词法错误 ‎1. 名词单复数用错；可数与不可数名词的混用： They take him lots of good book and fresh fruit.‎ The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.‎ ‎2. 动词：时态和语态的错误；及物动词后无宾语；不及物动词后多了宾语；需要接ing形式的接了to等： We must found ways to protect our environment.‎ I had been looking forward to go there for a long time.‎ There were lots of visitors stood in front of the ticket window. We waited for a long time and buy three tickets. ‎ ‎3. 形容词副词：常出现需形容词的地方用了副词或相反；原级、比较级、最高级的错用：‎ Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. ‎ Unfortunate，I got separated from my parents.‎ The fish has gone bad. It tastes terribly. ‎ He has a comfortable room，patiently nurses，and a great deal of time to read.‎ This dancer is much more younger than that one.‎ 4. 介词：主要是介词的多余或缺失，错用(多为固定搭配)：‎ Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted.‎ Tony saw a toy on a shop window. ‎ With the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes in our back garden. ‎ We have more time with after-school activities. ‎ 5. 主谓一致性：第三人称单数漏掉s，或主语为复数，谓语动词用了单数；再就是就近原则对主语的影响。‎ It is one of the modern city in the world.‎ More than 1000 painting will be on show.‎ There are different train ticket for people to choose from when traveling by train. 6. 冠词：定冠词the的多余或缺失，如季节，月份，星期，球类及三餐活动，称呼头衔前等不能加the的地方加了the，或是same等常和the一起使用的词却漏税掉了the；a， an的混用，特别注意：hour， honest等虽然首字母不是元音字母，但其发音却是以元音素开头，故用an，而useful， university， European， one—hour等虽然首字母是元音字母，但却以辅音音素开头，故用a。 And sports center has been built in their place. ‎ Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside.‎ I felt really glad that we made difference to the environment.‎ The driver put the window down and offered us a umbrella because he found we were wet through.‎ ‎7. 数词：主要是序数词与基数词的混用和错用，如分数的分子大于一时分母没有用复数等，基数词的复数形式如几百hundreds of，几千thousands of漏掉了s，或是当其前有具体数字或several时加了复数，如seven hundred，写作seven hundreds。‎ Some people prefer hard seats to soft one.‎ Hundred of students go to visit the place every year.‎ Three thousands students went to study abroad this year.‎ 8. 代词：1）主要是代词的格与数的错用，如男性用了女性代词，单数用了复数代词或相反；2）应当用形容词性的物主代词用了宾格，主格或相反；3）关系代词的错用或缺失，如只能用that引导的用了其它，或在不能用that的地方却用了that，或是在“介词+关系代词”结构中漏掉了介词等。 The factory …… has been moved out of the city，and a sports center has been built in their place. One day I saw a second-hand bicycle，that was only one hundred yuan.‎ The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.‎ Step5: 当堂导练 1. I like singing, my brother likes dancing. ‎ 2. He said that he is writing a new novel.‎ 3. Our task has finished so far. ‎ 4. Different people speak different language. ‎ 5. Tom book is on the desk. ‎ 6. What he needs are money. ‎ 7. What he wants is three books. ‎ 8. In a fact he has three sons. ‎ 9. She stood there, waited for his boy friend. ‎ 10. Twenty minutes aren’t enough time to finish this test. ‎ 11. Tom has sent to the nearest hospital. ‎ 12. Nobody except my parents know anything about it. ‎ 13. Tom is one of the students who is from Beijing.‎ 14. Tom is the only one of the students who are from Beijing. ‎ 15. It is a great fun to go skating on cold winter days. ‎ 16. Every means have been tried, but he won’t lose heart forever. ‎ 17. I bought a book yesterday and book is ten Yuan. ‎ 18. What he said sounded quite perfectly.‎ 19. It was raining heavily, Little Mary felt cold, so she stood closely to her mother. ‎ 20. She not only teaches our English, but also takes us out and shows us around. ‎ 21. I teach me English.‎ 22. I think we will enjoy ourself. ‎ 23. Which you can see, he is always ready to help others. ‎ 24. When the child was young, his mother was very poor that she had to send him to a rich family. ‎ 25. It took him several hours persuade her to give up the idea.‎ 26. There had a discussion on how to solve the problem yesterday afternoon. ‎ 27. There are three students study in the room. ‎ 28. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, through it he would see what was happening inside. ‎ 29. This was a lie, and his teacher did not know.‎ 30. At the last time I saw her , she was playing with her friends near the river. ‎ 31. The crowd waited for to greet them in England. ‎ 32. Because the help you gave that summer, my life changed. ‎ 33. If the book you want is out, you may ask it to kept for you.‎ 34. The ground is wet, it rained last night. ‎ 35. The reason I didn’t go to France was I got a new job. ‎ After class:Step6: 自辅落实 It's been a long time since I do something good for the environment. Feel responsible to protect the environment, I decided to take action again. I told my idea with my friends and we planned to plant the trees on the hill in the rural area of the city. ‎ We came to the foot of the hill and selected a place where looked suitable and settled down. We spend a few hours digging holes and placing the young seedlings (幼苗). Then we wrote our wishes on cards one to one and buried it deep down the roots of the trees. We also took numerous pictures. We were such busy that we didn't realize it was time to go back. I felt really glad that we made difference to the environment.‎