2020届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit3Lifeinthefuture单元学案（61页） 61页

‎2020届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit3 Life in the future单元学案 It’s Friday morning in the year 2025, and you’re running late. You got distracted watching the music video that was playing in the corner of your bathroom mirror while you were brushing your teeth. How will you get to your office at Mega Giga Industries on time?‎ A quick check of your Internetconnected refrigerator magnet tells you your train which travels at speeds up to 250 miles an hour as it electromagnetically hovers above its guide track — is a bit behind schedule, too.So you decide to drive your environmentallyfriendly hydrogen fuel cell car instead — or rather, let your car drive you. It’s programmed to know the way, and it will get you there without speeding, getting lost, or crashing.‎ Settling into your office chair, which changes color to match what you’re wearing，you pick up yesterday morning’s newspaper. Printed on reusable electronic paper，it instantly rewrites itself with today’s headlines. Now it’s time for your big meeting. Uhoh！You’ve left your handwritten notes at home. No problem. The digital ink pen you used has stored an electronic copy of what you wrote.‎ Could this scene really take place in just a couple of decades？The researchers who are currently developing all this stuff think so. These gadgets (小装置) may be as common in 20 years as cell phones and DVD players are today.‎ ‎ ‎ Section_Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading —Prereading ‎ ‎ ‎[原文呈现]‎ FIRST IMPRESSIONS①‎ Spacemail：liqiang299A@GreatAdventureSpaceStation.com15/11/3008(Earthtime)‎ Dear Mum and Dad，‎ I still cannot believe that I am taking up② this prize that I won last year. I have to remind myself constantly③ that I am really in AD 3008. Worried about the journey④， I was unsettled⑤ for the first few days. As a result, I suffered from⑥ “time lag”. This is similar to⑦ the “jet lag⑧” you get from flying⑨， but it seems⑩ you keep getting flashbacks⑪ from your previous⑫ time period. So I was very nervous and uncertain⑬ at first. However, my friend and guide⑭， Wang Ping, was very understanding⑮ and gave me some green tablets⑯ which helped a lot. Wellknown for their expertise⑰， his parents’ company, called “Future Tours”⑱， transported me safely into the future in a time capsule⑲.‎ ‎[读文清障]‎ ‎①impression [Im'preʃn] n．印象；感想；印记 ‎②take up 拿起；接受；开始；继续 ‎③constantly ['kɒnstəntlI] adv.不断地 ‎④形容词短语Worried about the journey作原因状语。‎ ‎⑤unsettled adj.不安的；未定的；不稳定的 ‎⑥suffer from患有(疾病等)；因……而受苦 ‎⑦be similar to与……类似/相似 ‎⑧jet [dʒet] n．喷气式飞机，jet lag飞行时差反应 ‎⑨定语从句you get from flying修饰the “jet lag”。‎ ‎⑩It seems (that) ... “看起来……”为固定句型，it为形式主语，that从句为真正主语。‎ ‎⑪flashback ['flæʃbæk] n．闪回；倒叙 ‎⑫previous ['priːvIəs] adj.在前的；早先的 ‎⑬uncertain [ʌn'sɜːtn] adj.不确切的；无把握的 ‎⑭guide [ɡaId] n．指导；向导；导游 vt.指引；指导 ‎⑮understanding在此处为形容词，意为“能谅解的；宽容的”。‎ ‎⑯tablet ['tæblIt] n．药片 ‎⑰expertise [ˌekspɜː'tiːz] n．专家意见；专门知识(技能等)‎ ‎⑱过去分词短语called “Future Tours”作后置定语，修饰his parents’ company。‎ ‎⑲capsule ['kæpsjuːl] n．太空舱；胶囊 第 一 印 象 ‎[第1段译文]‎ 太空邮件：liqiang299A@GreatAdventureSpaceStation.com　　15/11/3008(地球时间)‎ 亲爱的爸爸、妈妈：‎ 我还是无法相信我是在接受去年获得的这个奖励。我得不断提醒自己，我真的已经进入到公元3008年了。我很担心这次旅行，所以头几天心里总是不踏实。结果，我得了“时间滞后症”。这就与你乘坐飞机会产生“时差反应”相似，所不同的是，在你的脑子里似乎会不断地闪现以前的时光。因此，我一开始就感到非常紧张和心神不定。但是，我的朋友兼导游王平很细心体贴，给了我几粒绿色药片，倒是挺起作用的。他父母的公司叫做“未来之旅”，以其技术高超而闻名，用时间舱安全地把我送入了未来。‎ I can still remember the moment when the space stewardess⑳ called us all to the capsule and we climbed in through a small opening○21. The seats were comfortable and after a calming drink, we felt sleepy and closed our eyes.The capsule began swinging gently sideways○22 as we lay○23 relaxed and dreaming○24. A few minutes later, the journey was completed and we had arrived.I was still on the earth but one thousand years in the future.What would I find？‎ ‎⑳stewardess [ˌstjʊə'des] n．女乘务员 steward ['stjuːəd] n．乘务员；服务员 ‎○21opening ['əʊpnIŋ] n．(出入的)通路；开口；开端 ‎○22sideways ['saIdweIz] adv.往(向、从)一侧；侧着；侧面朝前 ‎○23lie vi.躺；卧。用作此意时，lie后常跟介词短语、副词或形容词，表示场所、位置或方式等。‎ ‎○24as we lay relaxed and dreaming为as引导的时间状语从句。过去分词化的形容词relaxed和现在分词dreaming在此处作状语，说明主语的状态。‎ ‎[第2段译文]‎ 我仍然记得那个时刻，太空女乘务员让我们都进入时间舱，我们通过一个小开口 爬进去。座位是很舒适的，喝了点镇静剂以后，我们感到很困，就闭上了眼睛。时间舱在轻轻地左右摇晃，我们放松地躺在那里做梦。几分钟以后，旅程结束，我们到了。我仍然在地球上，但是进入了未来的一千年。我会看到什么呢？‎ ‎ ‎ At first my new surroundings○25 were difficult to tolerate○26.The air seemed thin，as though its combination○27 of gases had little oxygen left.Hit by a lack○28 of fresh air, my head ached○29. Just as I tried to make the necessary adjustment○30 to this new situation, Wang Ping appeared.“Put on this mask○31，”he advised.“It’ll make you feel much better.”He handed it to me and immediately hurried me through to a small room nearby for a rest. I felt better in no time○32. Soon I was back on my feet○33 again and following him to collect a hovering○34 carriage○35 driven by computer. These carriages float above the ground and by bending○36 or pressing○37 down in your seat, you can move swiftly○38. Wang Ping fastened○39 my safety belt○40 and showed me how to use it. Soon I could fly as fast as him. However, I lost sight of○41 Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions○42. He was swept up○43 into the centre of them. Just at that moment I had a “time lag” flashback and saw the area again as it had been in the year AD 2008.I realized that I had been transported into the future of what was still my hometown！Then I caught sight of○44 Wang Ping again and flew after him.‎ ‎○25surroundings [sə'raʊndIŋz] n．周围的事物；环境 ‎○26tolerate ['tɒləreIt] vt.容忍；忍受 ‎○27combination [ˌkɒmbI'neIʃn] n．结合；组合 ‎○28lack [læk] n．缺乏；短缺的东西，a lack of缺乏……‎ ‎○29ache vi.疼痛；渴望 n．疼痛 ‎○30adjustment [ə'dʒʌstmənt] n．调整；调节 ‎○31mask [mɑːsk] n．面具；面罩；伪装 ‎○32in no time立刻；马上 ‎○33be back on one's feet(困境后)恢复；完全复原 ‎○34hover ['hɒvə] vi.盘旋 ‎○35carriage ['kærIdʒ] n．运输工具；四轮马车；客车 ‎○36bend vt.&vi.(使)弯曲；屈身；屈服 ‎○37press [pres] vi.&vt.按；压；逼迫 n．按；压；印刷；新闻 ‎○38swiftly adv.迅速地；及时地 ‎○39fasten ['fɑːsn] vt.系牢；扎牢 ‎○40safety belt安全带，belt [belt] n．腰带；皮带 ‎○41lose sight of ...看不见……‎ ‎○42in all directions朝四面八方 ‎○43sweep up打扫；横扫 ‎○44catch sight of发现；看到 ‎[第3段译文]‎ 开始的时候，新的环境让我难以忍受。空气似乎很稀薄，好像在混合气体中剩下的氧气很少。由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。正当我努力调整自己适应新环境时，王平出现了。“把这个面罩戴上，它会使你感觉好得多。”‎ 他建议说。他把面罩递给我，然后把我快速带到一个附近的小房间里休息。我立刻就感到舒服些了。一会儿我就又站起来，跟着他去领取了一台由电脑驱动的气垫车。这些气垫车是在地面上方漂浮着的，只要在座位上把操纵杆打弯或压下，你就可以迅速地移动。王平给我系好安全带并且教我如何使用。很快，我就跟王平飞得一样快了。但是，当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时，由于有太多气垫车在身边朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。他被卷入到这群车队中去了。就在这个时候我得了一次“时间滞后”的回闪，这样我就再次看到了公元2008年的那个地区了。我这才意识到我被送到了未来，但却仍然在自己的家乡！然后我又见到了王平，于是又跟在他后面飞去。‎ Arriving at a strangelooking house, he showed me into a large, bright clean room. It had a green wall, a brown floor and soft lighting. Suddenly the wall moved — it was made of trees！I found later that their leaves provided the room with○45 muchneeded oxygen. Then Wang Ping flashed○46 a switch○47 on a computer screen, and a table and some chairs rose from under○48 the floor as if by magic○49.“Why not sit down and eat a little？” he said.“You may find this difficult as it is your first time travel trip. Just relax, since there is nothing planned on the timetable○50 today. Tomorrow you’ll be ready for some visits.”Having said this, he spread some food on the table, and produced a bed from the floor. After he left, I had a brief meal and a hot bath. Exhausted○51， I slid into○52 bed and fell fast asleep○53.‎ More news later from your loving son○54，‎ Li Qiang ‎○45provide sb. with sth.给某人提供某物 ‎○46flash [flæʃ] vt.&vi.(使)闪光；(使)闪现 ‎○47switch [swItʃ] n．开关；转换 vt.转换 ‎○48from under the floor中的from under为复合介词。类似的还有：from below/behind/around 从……下面/后面/周围。‎ ‎○49as if by magic像变魔术似的。这是一个as if引导的省略句，补充完整为：as if they were made by magic。‎ ‎○50timetable ['taImˌteIbl] n．时间表；时刻表 ‎○51exhausted [Iɡ'zɔːstId] adj.筋疲力尽的；疲惫不堪的(在此作原因状语)‎ ‎○52slide into (快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进……‎ ‎○53fall fast asleep熟睡 ‎○54More news later ...为省略句，开头省略了There will be或You will get/receive。‎ ‎[第4～5段译文]‎ 来到一个形状奇怪的房子面前，他把我带到一个明亮而洁净的大房间。那里有绿色的墙、棕色的地板和柔和的灯光。突然，墙壁移动了——原来是树形成的！后来我才发现，就是这些树的叶子为这栋房屋提供了急需的氧气。然后王平使电脑荧屏上的开关闪了一下，于是一张桌子和几把椅子就像变魔术般地从地板下面升了上来。“为什么不坐下来吃点东西呢？”他说道，“你第一次做这样的时间旅行，可能会感到有些困难。你可以好好休息一下，因为按时间表我们今天没有任何出行计划。明天你还要准备参观几个地方。”说完这些，他把食物摆在桌子上，又从地板下取出一张床来。他离开后，我快速吃了些东西，洗了个热水澡。我感到累极了，爬到床上很快就睡着了。‎ 以后再谈吧！,你们亲爱的儿子 李强 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Prereading ‎ Please match the words with their proper meanings.‎ ‎1．guide　　　　 A．to have none or not enough of sth.‎ ‎2．tolerate B．to shine very brightly for a short time ‎3．lack C．a person who shows other people the way to a place, especially sb.employed to show tourists around interesting places ‎4．fasten D．to exchange one thing for another ‎5．flash E．to allow sb.to do sth.that you do not agree with or like ‎6．switch F．to close or join together the two parts of sth.‎ ‎7．impression G．believing that good things will happen ‎8．optimistic H．a deep lasting effect on the mind or feelings of sb.‎ ‎1～5　________　　6～8　________‎ 答案：1～5　CEAFB　6～8　DHG ‎ Leadin According to the following pictures, can you predict what the future life will be like? ‎ ‎ past present future transport ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ house ‎ ‎ ‎ communication ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Whilereading ‎ Fastreading Skim the text and choose the best answers.‎ ‎1．The passage is mainly about ________.‎ A．how Li Qiang was transported to the future B．how Li Qiang got to the future and his first impression of it C．what the life was like in the future D．the introduction of the “Future Tours” company 答案：B ‎2．Which of the following is the RIGHT order according to the text?‎ a．Li Qiang visited a strangelooking house and had a good rest in it.‎ b．They climbed into the time capsule through a small opening.‎ c．Hit by a lack of fresh air, Li Qiang had a headache.‎ d．Wang Ping gave Li Qiang some green tablets before the time travel trip.‎ e．Li Qiang had a “time lag” flashback and realized that he had been transported into the future of what was still his hometown.‎ f．Li Qiang followed Wang Ping to collect a hovering carriage driven by computer.‎ A．d—b—c—f—e—a　　　　 B．a—b—d—e—f—c C．b—d—c—f—e—a D．d—c—b—e—f—a 答案：A ‎ Carefulreading Read the text and choose the best answers.‎ ‎1．What does “time lag” mean according to the author?‎ A．It is quite different from “jet lag”．‎ B．It is what you get when you are flying on a plane.‎ C．It means you keep thinking of the things you may experience in the future.‎ D．It means you keep getting flashbacks from your previous time period.‎ ‎2．When and where did this story happen?‎ A．It happened in outer space in the future.‎ B．It happened on the earth in the future.‎ C．It happened in outer space at the present time.‎ D．It happened on the earth at the present time.‎ ‎3．How did the system work?‎ A．Oxygen was provided by a group of machines.‎ B．Oxygen was provided by some chemicals.‎ C．Oxygen was provided by some green leaves.‎ D．Oxygen was made from some chemical materials.‎ ‎4．Where did Li Qiang lose sight of Wang Ping?‎ A．In a hotel capsule.‎ B．In a room.‎ C．In a large market.‎ D．In a hovering carriage.‎ ‎5．We can infer from the passage that ________.‎ A．the air quality would not be so good in the public areas in the future B．everyone would have to put on a mask when they went outside in the future C．the writer had been transported into another city ‎ D．the writer felt uncomfortable for a long time after finishing the journey 答案：1～5　DBCCA ‎ Studyreading Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.‎ ‎1．This is similar to the “jet lag” you get from flying, but it seems you keep getting flashbacks from your previous time period.‎ ‎[句式分析]‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[尝试翻译]　这就与你乘坐飞机会产生“时差反应”相似，所不同的是，在你的脑子里似乎会不断地闪现以前的时光。‎ ‎2．I can still remember the moment when the space stewardess called us all to the capsule and we climbed in through a small opening.‎ ‎[句式分析]　when引导定语从句，修饰先行词the moment，在定语从句中含有and连接的并列句。‎ ‎[尝试翻译]　我仍然记得那个时刻，太空女乘务员让我们都进入时间舱，我们通过一个小开口爬进去。‎ ‎3．However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.‎ ‎[句式分析]　‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[尝试翻译]　但是，当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时，由于有太多气垫车在身边朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。‎ ‎4．I realized that I had been transported into the future of what was still my hometown!‎ ‎[句式分析]　‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[尝试翻译]　我这才意识到我被送到了未来，但却仍然在自己的家乡！‎ ‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A The year is 2094. It has been announced that a comet (彗星) is heading towards the Earth. Most of it will miss our planet, but two pieces will probably hit the southern half of the Earth.‎ On 17 July, a piece four kilometers wide enters the Earth’s atmosphere with a massive explosion. About half of the piece is destroyed, but the remaining part hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of sound. The sea boils and a huge hole is made in the sea bed. Huge waves are created and spread outwards from the hole. The wall of water, a kilometer high, rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometers an hour. Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and millions of people are drowned.‎ Before the waves reach South America, the second piece of the comet lands in Argentina. Earthquakes and volcanoes are set off in the Andes Mountains. The shock waves move north into California and all around the Pacific Ocean. The cities of Los Angeles, San Francisco and Tokyo are completely destroyed by earthquakes. Millions of people in the southern half of the earth are already dead, but the north won’t escape for long. Because of the explosions, the sun is hidden by clouds of dust, and temperatures around the world fall to almost zero. Crops are ruined. The sun won’t be seen again for many years. Wars break out as countries fight for food. A year later, no more than 10 million people remain alive.‎ Could it really happen? In fact, it has already happened more than once in the history of the Earth. The dinosaurs were on the Earth for over 160 million years. Then about 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared. Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a piece of object in space. The dinosaurs couldn’t live through the cold climate that followed and they died out. Will we meet the same end?‎ 语篇解读：文章主要描述了2094年如果一颗彗星的碎片撞向地球，人类可能面临终结。‎ ‎1．What is mainly described in the passage?‎ A．A historical discovery.‎ B．An event of imagination.‎ C．A research on space.‎ D．A scientific adventure.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段的时间2094以及下文的内容可知，文章描述了人类在2094年可能会遭遇的灾难。这些事情只是一种想象而已。‎ ‎2．When the first piece hits the South Atlantic, it causes ________.‎ A．an earthquake　　　　　　 B．damages to cities C．an Earth explosion D．huge waves 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Huge waves are created and spread outwards from the hole.”可知答案。‎ ‎3．Why can’t the northern half of the earth escape for long?‎ A．Because the land is covered with water.‎ B．Because the light and heat from the sun can not reach the earth.‎ C．Because people there can not live at the temperature of zero.‎ D．Because wars break out among countries.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。文章第三段中提到，南半球的数以百万计的人已经死了，而北半球也逃脱不了这种噩运。因为太阳照不到地球，地球上的温度几乎降到了零度。庄稼遭到了破坏，食物缺乏导致战争的爆发。所以，一切的根源在于B项所提到的事情。‎ ‎4．By giving the example of dinosaurs, the author tries to prove ________.‎ A．animals could not live in the cold climate B．what happened 65 million years ago was an invented story C．the human beings will die out in 2094‎ D．the Earth could be hit by other objects in space 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Could it really happen？”以及“Will we meet the same end？”两个问题的提出可知，作者是想通过举恐龙这一例子说明地球很有可能再次遭遇撞击。‎ B The human brain contains 10 thousand million cells (细胞) and each of these may have a thousand connections. Such great numbers used to discourage us and cause us to stop thinking about the possibility of making a machine with humanlike ability, but now that we have grown ‎ used to moving forward at such a speed we can be less sure. Quite soon, in only 10 or 20 years, perhaps, we will be able to build a machine as complex (复杂的) as the human brain, and if we can we will. It may then take us a long time to make it as intelligent as the human brain by properly programming it.‎ I think it is certain that in decades, not centuries, machines of silicon (硅) will arise to compete with their human ancestors. In a real sense they will be able to reproduce themselves. Silicon will have ended carbon’s long control. And we will no longer be able to consider ourselves to be the finest intelligence in the world.‎ As the intelligence of robots increases and their cost goes down, we may achieve a lot with their help, first on the earth through their ability to complete any kind of work in harmful environments. In the end, deserts (沙漠) may turn into gardens. Further ahead, by a combination of the great wealth this new age will bring and the technology it will provide, the creation of a huge, manmade world in space, home to thousands or millions of people, will be within our power.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。作者主要谈论了机器人可能给人类未来生活带来的改变。‎ ‎5．In the author’s opinion, the human brain ________.‎ A．is complex and intelligent B．is too complex to be reproduced C．may change a lot in 10 or 20 years D．will soon be replaced by machines 解析：选A　细节理解题。由第一段中的“as complex (复杂的) as the human brain”和“as intelligent as the human brain”可知，作者认为人类的大脑十分复杂而且非常聪明，故选A项。‎ ‎6．The underlined word “carbon” in Paragraph 2 stands for ________.‎ A．human beings B．an old machine C．an ocean animal D．intelligent robots 解析：选A　词义猜测题。由该段中的“machines of silicon (硅) will arise to compete with their human ancestors”可知，carbon在此是指代人类(碳基生命是以碳元素为有机物质基础的生物，地球上已知的生物，包括人类在内，大多数都是碳基生命)，故选A项。‎ ‎7．In the last paragraph, the author mainly ________.‎ A．talks about the intelligence of robots B．explains how to create a world in space C．describes what our future life might be D．shows his worry about the environment 解析：选C　段落大意题。作者在本段中主要就人类未来的生活进行了简单地描绘，故选C项。‎ C These are some ideas that some people came up with about what the life will be like in the year 2500.‎ We will have established a base on the moon. School kids can take field trips to the moon weekly. We will have found cures (疗法) for AIDS and cancer. The war will have ended and peace flows freely through the land. Kids will learn more and be smarter than ever before! History will be the main subject at school. Cafeteria (自助餐厅) food will be delicious! You just walk up to a machine, stick out your tongue, and it will scan your taste buds (味蕾) to see what you want to eat.‎ ‎— Kristen Here I am in the wonderful year of 2500 and life is so easy. I work in a pet store and it is so hard! I have to wake up at midnight every day and fly my car to the store. It ‎ takes so long to get there. It takes me 20 seconds to get to the store in Mississippi from my home in Florida! At work, I have to push 5 buttons and then I go home. It takes 2 seconds and that is like forever.‎ ‎— Morgan In the year 2500, I think we will have invented cars that run on things we don’t need like garbage. Tail gas will smell like whatever you like such as chocolate. I also predict that buildings will be able to go into a different dimension (维) so your car won’t hit them. The cars in 2500 don’t fly, for we haven’t got that technology yet, but they can hover (盘旋) up to seven feet. These cars are made for speed!‎ ‎— Carly Instead of cars, we may have hovering devices that float around. We could also have electric cars instead of gaspowered cars. Food might be more healthy. What I believe is that the environment will change the most. The environmental changes will also determine many other changes. If more people try to help the environment, then perhaps in 2500 we will have more forests and wildlife. If people won’t help the environment, then we will have no forests and little wildlife left.‎ ‎— Roberta 语篇解读：2500年的生活会是什么样子呢？人们对它展开了丰富的想象。‎ ‎8．According to Kristen, what will happen in 2500?‎ A．English will be the main subject at school.‎ B．Students can go to the moon every week.‎ C．Cafeteria will replace other restaurants.‎ D．AIDS and cancer will disappear.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章中克里斯滕所说的话“School kids can take field trips to the moon weekly.”可知B项为正确答案。‎ ‎9．Morgan thinks his work in the pet store is ________.‎ A．difficult B．meaningless C．important D．easy 解析：选D　推理判断题。文章中摩根对他工作的具体描述使用的是反语，他真实的意思是“这份工作太轻松了”。他的第一句话也是对该意思的提示，故选D项。‎ ‎10．Who mainly tells the reader of the cars in 2500?‎ A．Kristen. B．Morgan.‎ C．Carly. D．Roberta.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据文章中卡力所说的那段话可知，他主要谈到的是2500年的汽车，包括汽车的燃料、废气及功能等，故选C项。‎ ‎11．Roberta thinks that in 2500 ________.‎ A．the environment will have changed a lot B．there will be more wildlife and forests C．the environment will be seriously damaged D．cars will run on solar power and electricity 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据文章中罗伯塔所说的那段话可知，她所坚信的是环境一定会变化很大，或往好的方面变化，或往坏的方面变化。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 How to be a good roommate Roommate horror stories are pretty popular topics of conversation at school. Follow a few simple tips to ensure you’re not the awful roommate everyone’s talking about.‎ Respect each other First and foremost, you need to respect your roommate.‎ ‎•__1__ If your roommate is sleeping, keep the noise and light levels down. If your roommate is studying, don’t have loud conversations in the same room. If in doubt, ask yourself whether you would be annoyed if your roommate didn’t do the above things for you.‎ ‎•Keep it clean. __2__ Hair in the shower or bathrooms littered with magazines or dirty clothes. Respect means keeping your side of the room clean. And hopefully, if your roommate sees you keeping your side clean, they’ll be more likely to keep theirs clean.‎ ‎•Keep your hands off their stuff. __3__ If you really need to borrow something of theirs, always ask before you do. If they say no, don’t get angry. Some people just don’t like other people using their stuff.‎ Set basic rules You and your roommate should establish some basic rules. For instance, I really don’t like it when people have phone conversations in the room while I’m studying. __4__ I’d rather be writing my paper than listening to you tell your best friend about your weekend. So discuss that with your roommate. Make a compromise, but the tie should go to the person studying. Another example is to discuss cleaning duties. Dividing cleaning duties will make your room cleaner and it will help ease roommate tensions.__5__‎ A．It is amazing how people don’t understand what it means to be considerate.‎ B．Taking out the trash and tidying the room are just a few things to consider.‎ C．I have heard many horror stories about dirty roommates.‎ D．I’m not good at doing several things at the same time.‎ E．Don’t use your roommate’s items without asking.‎ F．Talk on the phone.‎ G．Be considerate.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何成为一个好室友。‎ ‎1．选G　根据本段中建议大家在室友睡觉的时候降低音量、调暗灯光以及在室友学习时不要大声喧哗可以看出，作者建议大家“为他人着想，体贴他人”。‎ ‎2．选C　C项中的dirty roommates不仅符合本空后一句内容，也呼应Keep it clean的建议。‎ ‎3．选E　本段建议大家不要动室友的东西，也就是说“未经允许，不要使用室友的物品”。‎ ‎4．选D　作者在学习的时候不希望有人在旁边打电话是因为作者“不擅长同时做好几件事”。‎ ‎5．选B　B项中的Taking out the trash和tidying the room就是本空前的cleaning duties的例子。 ‎ Section_Ⅱ Warming_Up_&_Reading_—_Language_Points ‎ ‎ 一、这样记单词 记得准•写得对 记得快•记得多 Ⅰ.基础词汇 ‎1.aspect n．　　　方面；层面 ‎2.guide n. 指导；向导；导游 vt. 指引；指导 ‎3.tolerate vt. 容忍；忍受 ‎4.lack vt.&vi. 缺乏；没有 n. 缺乏；短缺的东西 ‎5.carriage n. 运输工具；四轮马车；客车 ‎6.press vi.&vt. 按；压；逼迫 n. 按；压；印刷；新闻 ‎7.fasten vt. 系牢；扎牢 ‎8.flash vt.&vi. (使)闪光；(使)闪现 ‎9.switch n. 开关；转换 vt. 转换 ‎10.timetable n. 时间表；时刻表 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 ‎1.constant adj.时常发生的；连续不断的→constantly adv.不断地 ‎2.previous adj.在前的；早先的→previously adv.以前；早先 ‎3.uncertain adj.不确切的；无把握的→certain (反义词)确定的；有把握的 ‎4.steward n．乘务员；服务员→stewardess n．女乘务员 ‎5.surrounding adj.周围的→surroundings n．周围的事物；环境→surround vt.包围；围绕 ‎6.adjustment n．调整；调节→adjust vt.调整；调节 ‎7.optimistic adj.乐观(主义)的→optimism n．乐观；乐观主义 1.lack vi.&vt.缺乏；没有 n．缺乏；短缺的东西 ‎[同义]　be short of缺少……‎ ‎[反义]　be rich in在……方面富有/丰富2.press vi.&vt.按；压；逼迫 n．按；压；印刷；新闻 ‎[联想]　press家族 ‎①pressure n．　　　　　压力 ‎②impress v. 给……留下深刻印象 ‎③impression n. 印象 ‎④impressive adj. 令人印象深刻的 ‎⑤express v. 表达 ‎⑥expression n. 表达；表情 ‎3.fasten vt.系牢；扎牢 ‎[规律]　形容词＋后缀en→动词 ‎[联想]　后缀en动词一览 ‎①deepen加深 ②widen加宽 ‎③strengthen加强 ④sharpen使锋利 ‎4.timetable n．时间表；时刻表 ‎[规律]　名词＋名词→合成名词 ‎[联想]　常见合成名词集锦 ‎①seafood海产品 ②viewpoint观点 ‎③waterfall瀑布 ④bookstore书店 ‎ ⑤bookmark书签 ⑥hometown家乡 ‎5.steward n．乘务员；服务员→stewardess n．女乘务员 ‎[联想]　“男女”有别 ‎①waiter 男招待→waitress 女招待 ‎②actor 男演员→actress 女演员 ‎③host男主人→hostess女主人 二、这样记短语 记牢固定短语 多积常用词块 ‎1.take_up　　　　　拿起；接受；开始；继续 ‎2．as_a_result 结果；因此 ‎3．suffer_from 患有(疾病等)；为……受苦 ‎4．be_similar_to 与……相似 ‎5．(a)_lack_of_... ……方面的短缺 ‎6．in_no_time 立刻 ‎7．be_back_on_one’s_feet (困境后)恢复；完全复原 ‎8．lose_sight_of_... 看不见……‎ ‎9．in_all_directions 朝四面八方 ‎10．sweep_up 打扫；横扫 ‎11．provided_..._with_... 为……提供……‎ ‎12．slide_into (快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进…… 1.remind ... constantly that ..不断提醒……‎ ‎2．be nervous and uncertain 感到紧张和心神不定 ‎3．transport ... safely into ... 安全地把……送入……‎ ‎4．the space stewardess 空姐 ‎5．feel sleepy 昏昏欲睡 ‎6．make the necessary adjustment to this new situation ‎ 对这种新情况做必要的调整 ‎7．fasten one’s safety belt 系好某人的安全带 ‎8．from under the floor 从地板下面 ‎9．fall fast asleep 很快睡着 ‎10．finance and currency 金融与货币 ‎ ‎ 三、这样记句式 先背熟 再悟通 后仿用 ‎1.At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.‎ 开始的时候，新的环境让我难以忍受。 在“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”结构中，不定式常用主动形式表示被动意义。 Such a book as you showed me is_difficult_to_understand.‎ ‎ 你给我看的这类书是很难理解的。‎ ‎2.The air seemed thin, as though its combination of gases had little oxygen left.‎ 空气似乎很稀薄，好像在混合气体中剩下的氧气很少。 as though/if意为“好像”，在句子中引导方式状语从句。 Everything in my childhood crowded my mind as_though/if_they_had_just_happened.‎ 童年的一切一下子涌入我的脑海，仿佛刚刚发生似的。‎ ‎3.Just relax, since there is nothing planned on the timetable today.‎ 你可以好好休息一下，因为按时间表我们今天没有任何出行计划。 本句结构为“There be ＋名词/代词＋非谓语动词”。 I’m very glad that there_are_so_many_American_students_loving Chinese.(2015•天津高考书面表达)‎ 我很高兴有这么多美国学生喜欢汉语。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1．(教材 P17)FIRST IMPRESSIONS第一印象 ‎ impression n．印象 the first impression　　　　　 第一印象 leave/make a(n) ... impression on sb. 给某人留下……印象 ‎①My first impression of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.‎ 我对他的第一印象是他是一个善良且体贴的年轻人。‎ ‎②Premier Li Keqiang made a good impression on the people all over the world.‎ 李克强总理给全世界人民留下了良好的印象。‎ impress vt.　　　　　 给……留下深刻印象；使铭记 impress sb. with sth. 某事(物)给某人留下深刻印象 be impressed with/by 对……印象深刻；被……所打动 impress sth. on/upon sb. 使某人铭记某事(物)；使某人对某事(物)印象深刻 ‎③Williams was_impressed (impress)with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. (2017•浙江高考)‎ 威廉姆斯对本杰明印象深刻，给他两本经典的绘画图书，让他带回家。‎ ‎④Father impressed the importance of working hard on/upon me.‎ 父亲使我铭记努力工作的重要性。‎ ‎2．(教材P17)I still cannot believe that I am taking up this prize that I won last year.‎ 我还是无法相信我是在接受去年获得的这个奖励。‎ ‎ take up拿起；接受；开始；继续；占据 写出下列句中take up的含义 ‎①The girl took up her bag and left the room.拿起 ‎②She took up his offer of a drink.接受 ‎③At the age of sixty he took up the study of Russian.开始 ‎④Joan took up the story when her sister forgot the next detail.继续 ‎⑤That big clock will have to go; it takes up too much space in the small hall.占据 take off　　　　　　 脱掉；起飞；成名；开始成功 take in 接受；收留；理解；明白；欺骗 take on 雇用；呈现(新面貌等)；承担 take over 接管；接收 ‎⑥Some insects take on the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves.‎ 有些昆虫为了自我保护会随着周围环境改变自身颜色。‎ ‎⑦Internet shopping will ready take off when people make sure that it is safe.‎ 当人们确信了网购的安全性时，它就已经成功了。‎ ‎3．(教材P17)This is similar to the “jet lag” you get from flying, but it seems you keep getting flashbacks from your previous time period.‎ 这就与你乘坐飞机会产生“时差反应”相似，所不同的是，在你的脑子里似乎会不断地闪现以前的时光。‎ ‎ previous adj.(仅用于名词前)在前的；早先的 previous to　　　　　 在……之前(其中to 是介词)‎ previously adv. 先前地；早先 ‎①This is the correct version and the previous version should be ignored. (2017•天津高考)‎ 这是正确的版本，以前的版本应该忽视掉。‎ ‎②Previous to leaving (leave) for France, he studied a lot about the country.‎ 他在启程前往法国之前，对这个国家做了很多研究。‎ ‎③The building had previously (previous) been used as a hotel.‎ 这座楼房早先曾用作旅馆。‎ ‎4．(教材P18)At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.‎ 开始的时候，新的环境让我难以忍受。‎ ‎ surroundings n．周围的事物；环境 ‎(1)surrounding adj.　　　　　　 附近的；周围的 ‎(2)surround vt. 环绕；围住；包围 be surrounded by/with ... 由……围着/包围 ‎①Determining where we are in relation to our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival. (2017•江苏高考)‎ 在涉及有关我们周围的环境时，如何定位我们所处的位置依然是我们生存的一项基本技能。‎ ‎②Police are still searching the town and surrounding (surround) areas for the child.‎ 警方仍在小镇及周边地区搜寻那个小孩。 ‎ ‎③When Aunt Ruth was at home, I was_surrounded (surround) by love.‎ 露丝姑姑在家时，对我爱护有加。 ‎ ‎ tolerate vt.容忍；忍受 Tolerate doing sth. 容忍做某事 ‎①I can tolerate the house being untidy, but I hate it if it’s not clean. ‎ 我可以容忍房间里不整齐，但是我讨厌房间里脏乱不堪。‎ ‎②Our teacher cannot tolerate cheating (cheat) on exams.‎ 我们的老师不能容忍考试作弊。 ‎ ‎[名师点津]　表示“容忍；忍受”的动词(短语)还有：bear, stand和put up with等。‎ ‎5．(教材P18)Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.‎ 由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。‎ ‎ lack vi.&vt.缺乏；没有 n．缺乏；短缺的东西 ‎(1)(a) lack of ...　　　　　 缺少……‎ for lack of ... 由于缺乏……‎ ‎(2)lacking adj. 缺乏；缺少 be lacking in sth. 缺少某物 ‎①Jim’s real problem is that he lacks confidence.‎ 吉姆的真正问题是他缺乏自信。‎ ‎②It’s not that exercise makes you healthy; it’s more that a_lack_of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease.‎ 并不是锻炼使你健康，更应该是缺乏锻炼让你身体虚弱，容易遭受疾病的侵袭。‎ ‎③More and more highrise buildings have been built in big cities for_lack_of space.‎ 因为缺乏空间，大城市建起越来越多的高楼大厦。‎ ‎④Though Jack was lacking_in experience, he made up for it in enthusiasm.‎ 虽然杰克缺乏经验，但是他以满腔的热情来弥补不足。‎ ‎6．(教材P18)These carriages float above the ground and by bending or pressing down in your seat, you can move swiftly.‎ 这些气垫车是在地面上方飘浮着的，只要在座位上把操纵杆打弯或压下，你就可以迅速地移动。‎ ‎ press vi.&vt.按；压；逼迫 n．按；压；印刷；新闻；新闻界(常与定冠词the连用)‎ 写出下列句中press的词性及含义 ‎①The doctor gently pressed his stomach.v.按 ‎②They are pressing us to make a quick decision.v.逼迫 ‎③Members of the press were not allowed into the meeting.n.新闻界 ‎7．(教材P18)However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.‎ 但是，当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时，由于有太多气垫车在身边朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。‎ ‎ lose sight of ...看不见……‎ ‎①I lost sight of him but could still hear his footsteps.‎ 我看不见他了，但还能够听到他的脚步声。‎ catch sight of　　　　　　 看到……‎ at the sight of 看见……时 at first sight 初次看到时；乍一看 in/within sight 在视野内；看得见 out of sight 在看不见的地方；消失 come into sight 进入视野；映入眼帘 ‎②The wind parted the smoke just enough for him to catch_sight_of Sibson.‎ 风吹散了烟使得他正好能够看见Sibson。‎ ‎③Now and then, one or two motorcycles will come_into_sight and your ears are filled with their noises. ‎ 你会时不时地看到一两辆摩托车，耳旁充斥着它们的噪音。 ‎ ‎8．(教材P18)Then Wang Ping flashed a switch on a computer screen, and a table and some chairs rose from under the floor as if by magic.‎ 然后王平使电脑荧屏上的开关闪了一下，于是一张桌子和几把椅子就像变魔术般地从地板下面升了上来。‎ ‎ switch n．开关；转换 vt.转换 ‎(1)make a switch　　　　　改变 ‎(2)switch off 切断(电流等)‎ switch on 接通(电流等)；开(电器)‎ switch (sth.) to sth. (把……)转换到……‎ ‎①We had to make a switch in our arrangement.‎ 我们不得不改变我们的安排。‎ ‎②I don’t like this TV programme. Let’s switch to another.‎ 我不喜欢这个电视节目。让我们换个频道吧。‎ ‎③He switched off the light as there was no one in the room.‎ 他把灯关了，因为房间里没有人。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1．At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.‎ 开始的时候，新的环境让我难以忍受。‎ 该句型是“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构，其中my new surroundings是 tolerate的逻辑宾语，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。使用此结构须具备两个前提条件：‎ ‎(1)常用形容词有：difficult, hard, easy, good, comfortable, pleasant, interesting, exciting等。‎ ‎(2)不定式和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系；若不定式为不及物动词，其后应该加相应的介词。‎ ‎①The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But alternative explanations are hard to find. (2017•江苏高考)‎ 恐龙的消失不一定是由天文学事件导致的。但是其他的解释也很难找到。‎ ‎②I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good to_breathe (breathe)．‎ 在夏季我喜欢很早起床。早上的新鲜空气呼吸起来真好。‎ ‎③The armchair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to sit in.‎ 这扶手椅看上去很硬，但坐上去很舒服。‎ ‎2．The air seemed thin, as though its combination of gases had little oxygen left.‎ 空气似乎很稀薄，好像在混合气体中剩下的氧气很少。‎ as though 意为“好像”，在句中引导方式状语从句。as though/if的用法如下：‎ 类型 表语从句 接在look, seem等动词之后 ‎ 状语从句 接在常见的实义动词之后 从句语气及时态 陈述语气 所述是真实的或极有可能发生 ‎ ‎ 虚拟语气 所述不真实或极少有可能发生 ‎ ‎ 与现在事实相反 过去时(be动词常用were) ‎ ‎ 与过去事实相反 过去完成时(had done) ‎ ‎ 与将来事实相反 过去将来时(would/could/might do) ‎ ‎①It looks as though/if it isn’t clean enough to swim here.‎ 看起来这儿的水好像不够干净，不宜游泳。‎ ‎②First he picks out the laces and eats them as though/if they were (be) noodles.‎ 他先拿起鞋带来吃，好像在吃面条。‎ ‎③I suggest that you should stay here as though/if nothing had_happened (happen)．‎ 我建议你应该待在这儿，好像什么事也没有发生过。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．His fluent English and profound knowledge make a deep impression on others.‎ ‎2．The accident caused 3 deaths and 20 got injured, which happened previous to his arrival there.‎ ‎3．After the explosion, the army blocked the surrounding (surround) area and forbad anyone entering it.‎ ‎4．If a student lacks (lack) the motivation to study, he or she will quickly become tired of studying.‎ ‎5．Those air conditioners are our bestselling products because they are easy to_handle (handle) and work with little noise.‎ ‎6．I can’t tolerate speaking (speak) to your mother in such a rude manner.‎ ‎7．School has started, but I feel more and more uneasy as if I were (be) in a foreign country now.‎ ‎8．We feel quite unfit because the bank is_pressing (press) us for repayment of the loan.‎ Ⅱ.选词填空 as if， previous to， sweep ... up， take up， switch off， be surrounded by， impress ... with， at first sight ‎1．He impressed her with his sincerity, which moved her deeply.‎ ‎2．(2015•陕西高考单选)Peter will take_up his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.‎ ‎3．The house was_surrounded_by big trees, which sheltered it from severe sunshine.‎ ‎4．We fell in love with the smartphone at_first_sight,_but much to our regret, it was too dear.‎ ‎5．Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him as_if he had done something very clever.‎ ‎6．Previous_to coming here, he worked in America.‎ ‎7．I switched_off all the lights before I went out.‎ ‎8．Before moving into his new apartment, Jone swept it up thoroughly.‎ ‎ ‎ 一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高 ‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．For some reason she got the impression (印象) that you didn’t like her.‎ ‎2．I have previous (早先的) experience of this type of work.‎ ‎3．The surrounding (周围的) scenery attracted my attention.‎ ‎4．If you tolerate (容忍) a person, you accept him although you do not particularly like him.‎ ‎5．They carried on with their experiment in spite of the lack (缺乏) of equipment.‎ ‎6. (2017•全国卷Ⅰ)Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect (方面) of the music has been lost.‎ ‎7．They were both uncertain (无把握的) about what to do and went to their uncle for help.‎ ‎8．He fastened (系紧) his coat and hurried out to the cinema.‎ ‎9．I have made a few adjustments (调整) to my study plan.‎ ‎10．More young people are making the switch (转换) to job seeking online.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．Deeply impressed on its beauty, I fell in love with Guilin.on→by/with ‎2．Lacking necessary social experience, teenagers tend to be taken up by ill people.up→in ‎3．It took me a few weeks to get used to my new surrounding.surrounding→surroundings ‎4．Previous to go abroad, he studied in Paris. go→going ‎5．None of his plans ever comes through because he lacks in determination.去掉in ‎6．The school cannot tolerate talk loudly in class.talk→talking ‎7．Although the lady looks elegant, actually she is hard to get along.along后加with ‎8．He treats his elder sister as though she is a stranger.is→were Ⅲ.补全句子 ‎1．To my delight, my previous experience has_made/left_a_good_impression_on the interviewer.‎ 令我高兴的是，我以前的经验给面试官留下了一个好印象。‎ ‎2．On the contrary, smartphones not only take_up_our_valuable_time,_but also do great harm to our health.‎ 相反，智能手机不仅占据了我们宝贵的时间，而且对我们的健康造成危害。‎ ‎3．There_has_been_no_time_left for us to think it over. ‎ 我们已经没有时间来仔细考虑了。‎ ‎4．For_lack_of_human_protection,_the number of Yangtze Finless Porpoise is becoming smaller and smaller.‎ 由于缺乏人类保护，长江江豚的数量变得越来越少。‎ ‎5．Only a shortsighted man will lose_sight_of the importance of education.‎ 只有鼠目寸光的人才会看不见教育的重要性。‎ ‎6．In some experts’ opinion, living conditions on the Mars are_very_hard/difficult_to_tolerate.‎ 一些专家的观点是火星上面的生存状况很难忍受。‎ ‎7．A young couple in a boat were eating, talking and laughing loudly as_if_they_had_been_the_only_people_in_the_world.‎ 船上的一对年轻人吃着东西，高声地谈笑着，好像这个世界上只有他们自己。‎ ‎8．(2015•湖南高考书面表达)After learning what_situation_I_was_in,_my teacher, Michael encouraged me to step out of trouble bravely and confidently.‎ 得知我所处的境况后，我的老师迈克尔鼓励我勇敢地、充满自信地走出困境。‎ Ⅳ.课文语法填空 Li Qiang couldn’t believe that he had traveled to the year AD 3008 1.in a time capsule. 2.Because this was his first time trip, he was worried and 3.unsettled (settle)‎ ‎ and he also suffered from “time lag”．Besides, he 4.was_hit (hit) by the lack of fresh air. His guide, Wang Ping, who was very 5.understanding (understand), gave him some green tablets and a mask, 6.which helped him overcome the problems. However, Li Qiang experienced something new. He flew 7.above the ground in a hovering carriage. 8.Arriving (arrive) home, he was shown into a large, bright clean room with a wall of trees. After eating something, he fell 9.fast asleep in the bed that 10.was_produced (produce) from the floor.‎ Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达 王先生是一位有经验的工人，他工作努力。他经常(constantly)帮助和指导(guide)我们操作新设备。他给我们留下了很好的印象(impression)。令我们遗憾的是，他上个月生病了，住院期间他忍受(tolerate)了巨大的痛苦。幸运的是，他现在完全康复(be back on one’s feet)了。他希望继续(take up)以前的(previous)工作。我们很高兴他是一个乐观的(optimistic)人。‎ Mr._Wang_is_an_experienced_worker_and_works_hard._He_constantly_helps_and_guides_us_in_operating_new_equipment._He_left_a_good_impression_on_us._To_our_regret,_he_fell_ill_last_month._He_tolerated_great_sufferings_when_in_hospital._Fortunately,_he_is_back_on_his_feet_again_now._He_hopes_to_take_up_his_previous_work._We_are_happy_because_he_is_an_optimistic_man.‎ 二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧 ‎ Ⅰ.完形填空 Recently we carried out a survey of 1,000 people from different countries to find out what they think __1__ will be like in the future. The results clearly show both our __2__ and fears.‎ The survey suggests that __3__ — one of the most important human relationships — will change greatly. People will make friends through the Internet. Computers will become really __4__ by 2050. Even now, some people describe them as their best friends! Others, __5__， say that we will become much more isolated (孤立的) from each other __6__ we will have little real human communication.‎ Education will __7__ a lot too. As more and more children will be using computers in schools, certain __8__， such as mental arithmetic (心算), won’t be necessary. Even writing by hand will have become a thing of the __9__.‎ According to the survey, home life will be __10__. Most people believe that by 2050 robots will be doing the housework and we will be eating __11__ food. A lot of people think that we might only cook for fun in the future. Space exploration will become increasingly __12__. Fifty percent of the people we talked to __13__ that man will regularly visit Mars.‎ Pollution is something that seems to __14__ many people. Some fear that it will __15__ to get worse, and that our planet will become __16__ to live on. Others even __17__ that one day we’ll have to pay for clean air.‎ ‎__18__， people seem to be quite optimistic about genetic engineering (遗传工程学), as they think scientists will use it to __19__ diseases like cancer and AIDS.‎ No matter how dark or bright it may seem, it is up to us to __20__ our planet and try to make it a better place.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章是人们对未来生活看法的问卷调查结果。‎ ‎1． A. education　　　　　　　 B．space C．nature D．life 解析：选D　根据下文描述的交友、教育、太空探索以及污染问题等可知，此问卷调查是关于未来“生活(life)”的。‎ ‎2． A. tears B．hopes C．rights D．plans 解析：选B　根据本空后的fears以及下文描述的未来生活的不同方面可知，问卷结果显示了人们对未来生活的“期许(hopes)”和担忧。‎ ‎3． A. marriage B．leadership C．friendship D．neighborhood 解析：选C　根据下文的“one of the most important human relationships”和“People will make friends through the Internet.”可知，此处是说未来的“友谊(friendship)”会发生巨大的改变。‎ ‎4． A. private B．perfect C．necessary D．expensive 解析：选C　根据本段描述电脑对人们的影响可知，到2050年，电脑将变得“必不可少(necessary)”。‎ ‎5． A. however B．instead C．anyhow D．therefore 解析：选A　“一些人认为电脑是最好的朋友”和“有些人认为人与人之间将变得更加孤立”之间是转折关系，故选however。‎ ‎6． A. until B．unless C．because D．although 解析：选C　“缺少真实的人际交流”是“人们变得更加孤立”的原因，故选because。‎ ‎7． A. provide B．complete C．receive D．change 解析：选D　根据下文描述心算变得没有必要可知，未来的教育也会“改变(change)”很多。‎ ‎8． A. facts B．abilities C．goals D．thoughts 解析：选B　参见下题解析。‎ ‎9． A. end B．past C．moment D．future 解析：选B　由于电脑的普及，某些“技能(abilities)”，如心算，将没有必要。甚至用手写字也会变得过时。a thing of the past指“过时的事物”。‎ ‎10．A. busier B．safer C．easier D．sadder 解析：选C　根据下文的“robots will be doing the housework”可知，未来家庭生活将变得“更简单(easier)”。‎ ‎11．A. unhealthy B．frozen C．overcooked D．readymade 解析：选D　根据下文的“we might only cook for fun in the future”可知，到2050年人们基本不做饭，而是吃“已经做好的(readymade)”饭。‎ ‎12．A. famous B．cheap C．popular D．difficult 解析：选C　根据下文的“man will regularly visit Mars”可知，未来的太空探索将非常“流行(popular)”。‎ ‎13．A. doubt B．believe C．remember D．warn 解析：选B　根据上文的“Most people believe”可知，50%的受访者“相信(believe)”人类会定期拜访火星。‎ ‎14．A. confuse B．frighten C．satisfy D．worry 解析：选D　根据下文的“Some fear that ...”可知，环境污染让很多人“担心(worry)”。‎ ‎15．A. stop B．continue C．refuse D．begin 解析：选B　本段指污染带给人们的影响。有些人担心如果环境“继续(continue)”变糟糕，在地球上居住将变得“不可能(impossible)”。‎ ‎16．A. cold B．free C．suitable D．impossible 解析：选D　参见上题解析。‎ ‎17．A. expect B．promise C．predict D．wish 解析：选C　环境污染使得有些人“预测(predict)”有一天呼吸干净的空气也需要付费。‎ ‎18．A.As a result B．In other words C．In a similar way D．On the other hand 解析：选D　对未来生活，人们一方面担心环境污染，而“另一方面(On the other hand)”则对遗传工程学充满期待。‎ ‎19．A. catch B．prevent C．spread D．carry 解析：选B　根据上文的“be quite optimistic”可知，有一些人相信科学家可以利用遗传工程学“防治(prevent)”诸如癌症和艾滋这样的疾病。 ‎ ‎20．A. look after B．take over C．pay for D．think about 解析：选A　根据上述调查结果以及作者的结论“try to make it a better place”可知，作者认为我们应该“照顾(look after)”好地球。‎ Ⅱ.短文改错 Dear Jack，‎ I’m glad that you’ll come to China for further study. Now let me tell you that you’re concerned about. As we all know, Peking University is one of the top university in China, which is famous for their excellent teaching. Studying here, you’re sure to get been improved in every aspect. This will be the first time you had lived in a foreign country alone. However, you needn’t worry the life here, because it’s locating in the business center of Beijing. Besides, most people there are friendly to foreigners. I’d like to help you find the proper host family near the university if necessarily.‎ I’m looking forward to our meeting in Beijing.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 答案：第二句：that→what 第三句：university→universities; their→its 第四句：去掉been 第五句：had→have 第六句：worry后加about; locating→located 第七句：there→here 第八句：第一个the→a; necessarily→necessary ‎ Section_Ⅲ Grammar—_过去分词作状语 ‎ ‎ ‎ 语法图解 ‎ ‎ ‎ 探究发现 ‎1．①Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.‎ ‎②Given better attention, the trees could grow better.‎ ‎③Described as an enormous round plate, it spins slowly in space to imitate the pull of the earth’s gravity.‎ ‎2．①Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.‎ ‎＝ Because I was hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.‎ ‎②I stared at the moving model of the waste machine, absorbed by its efficiency.‎ ‎＝ I stared at the moving model of the waste machine, and was absorbed by its efficiency.‎ ‎3．①When offered help, one often says “Thank you” or “It’s kind of you.”‎ ‎②The research is so designed that once begun nothing can be done to change it.‎ ‎[我的发现]‎ ‎(1)作状语用的过去分词(短语)和句子的主语之间有逻辑上的动宾关系，或称为被动关系。‎ ‎(2)第一组句子中的过去分词(短语)分别在句子中作：①原因状语；②条件状语；③伴随情况或方式状语。‎ ‎(3)比较第二组句子可知，作状语用的过去分词(短语)可以转化成相应的状语从句或并列句。‎ ‎(4)从第三组句子可知，表示时间、条件、方式、比较或让步的状语，可用“从属连词＋过去分词”结构。可用于该结构中的从属连词有：when, once, while, if, unless, as if, as, than, though, although等。‎ ‎ 　　‎ 一、过去分词作状语的类型 过去分词作状语，可以表示时间、让步、条件、原因、方式和结果，相当于一个状语从句。其逻辑主语为主句的主语，且与主句主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。‎ ‎1．作时间状语 相当于时间状语从句。可在过去分词前加上连词“when, while, until”等，使其时间意义更明确。‎ When asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very ‎ interesting and rewarding.‎ 当被问到对教学工作的观点时，菲利普说他觉得它既有趣又有意义。‎ ‎2．作原因状语 相当于原因状语从句或并列句。‎ Absorbed in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching. (2015•天津高考单选)‎ ‎＝ Because John was absorbed in painting, he didn’t notice evening approaching.‎ ‎＝ John was absorbed in painting, so he didn’t notice evening approaching.‎ 由于专心画画，约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。‎ ‎3．作条件状语 相当于条件状语从句。可加连词if, unless等转换成条件状语从句。‎ Used with care, one tin will last for six weeks.‎ 如果用得仔细的话，一罐可以够用六周。‎ ‎4．作让步状语 相当于让步状语从句。有时可加although, though, even if, even though, whether ... or等连词转换成让步状语从句。‎ Defeated by his opponent, he never gave up any hope.‎ ‎＝ Although he was defeated by his opponent, he never gave up any hope.‎ 尽管被对手击败，但是他从没放弃希望。‎ ‎5．作方式、伴随状语 相当于and连接的并列句。‎ She accepted the gift, deeply moved.‎ ‎＝ She accepted the gift, and she was deeply moved.‎ 她接受了礼物，深深地被感动了。‎ ‎[名师点津]　值得注意的是，有些过去分词(短语)因来源于系表结构，作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词(短语)常见的有：lost (迷路)；seated (坐)；hidden (躲)；lost/absorbed in (沉溺于)；dressed in (穿着)；tired of (厌烦)。‎ Lost in thought, he didn’t hear the bell.‎ 由于陷入沉思之中，他没有听到铃声。‎ ‎[即时演练1]‎ ‎(1)用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎①(2017•全国卷Ⅰ改编)Developed (develop) by two doctors in the U．S. Department of Agriculture, it’s an excellent water collector.‎ ‎②(2015•重庆高考改编)Raised (raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.‎ ‎③(2014•湖南高考改编)Children, when accompanied (accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.‎ ‎④Founded (found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art.‎ ‎⑤Translated (translate) into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.‎ ‎(2)句型转换 ‎①When it is seen from the top of the hill, the town looks more beautiful.‎ ‎→Seen_from_the_top_of_the_hill,_the_town_looks_more_beautiful.‎ ‎②Because they were deeply moved by the film, the children began to cry.‎ ‎→Deeply_moved_by_the_film,_the_children_began_to_cry.‎ ‎③If we were given more time, we could do it much better.‎ ‎→Given_more_time,_we_could_do_it_much_better.‎ ‎④The president of the company came to the factory, and he was followed by some workers.‎ ‎→The_president_of_the_company_came_to_the_factory,_followed_by_some_workers.‎ 二、过去分词作状语时的位置 过去分词作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随、结果状语时，通常放在句末；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首；作让步状语时，一般放在句首，有时也放在句末。‎ Told that his mother was ill, Li Lei hurried home quickly.(原因状语)‎ 得知母亲生病了，李雷迅速赶回了家。‎ The old man walked into the room, supported by his son.(方式状语)‎ 老人在儿子的搀扶下走进了房间。‎ 三、过去分词的独立结构作状语 过去分词作状语时，有时在分词前加上自己的主语，这种带有自身主语的过去分词被称为过去分词的独立结构。过去分词的独立结构在句中作状语时，通常可表示时间、原因、条件等。‎ Much time spent sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems. (2015•江苏高考单选)‎ 很多时间都坐在办公桌旁，办公室职员一般都受到健康问题的困扰。‎ ‎[即时演练2]　用独立主格结构作状语改写句子 ‎①After the lecture was given, a lively questionandanswer session followed.‎ ‎→The_lecture_given,_a lively questionandanswer session followed.‎ ‎②The factory produced many famous cars, none of which were shipped to foreign countries.‎ ‎→The factory produced many famous cars, none_of_them_shipped_to_foreign_countries.‎ ‎③Because extra money was given to the poor, he felt very happy.‎ ‎→Extra_money_given_to_the_poor,_he felt very happy.‎ 四、过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别 过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表示被动；现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表示主动。‎ ‎[助记]　分词作状语记忆口诀 分词作状语，主语是问题。‎ 前后两动作，共用一主语。‎ 主语找出后，再来判关系。‎ 主动用ing，被动用ed。‎ Used for a long time, the book looks old.(动宾关系)‎ 由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去陈旧。‎ Using the book, I find it very useful.(主谓关系)‎ 在使用这本书时，我发现它很有用。‎ ‎[名师点津]　无论是现在分词还是过去分词，其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。如果不一致，则必须用状语从句、独立主格结构等其他表达形式。‎ If caught, the police will punish the thief.(×)‎ If caught, the thief will be punished by the police.(√)‎ If the thief is caught, the police will punish the thief.(√)‎ ‎[即时演练3]　用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎①When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, telling (tell) me stories till I fell asleep.‎ ‎②—Where is Jimmy?‎ ‎—Just now I saw him sitting under the tree, absorbed (absorb) in his video games.‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．(2017•全国卷Ⅱ改编)Founded (found) in Moscow after the 1905 revolution, the company eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s. ‎ ‎2．Designed (design) very cleverly to fit into corners, the shelf doesn’t take up much room.‎ ‎3．The new technology, if applied (apply) to rice growing, will help increase the grain output.‎ ‎4．Considered (consider) as a building material, wood is not very strong.‎ ‎5．Given (give) another 10 days, we are sure to complete repairing the machine.‎ ‎6．Filled (fill) with shame, the boy lowered his head, ready for the punishment from his dad.‎ ‎7．When first introduced (introduce) to the market, these new products in their company enjoyed a great success.‎ ‎8．Located (locate) in the central district, the hotel offers the best service with the lowest price.‎ ‎9．Surrounded (surround) by a river, the park had a central pond with flowers floating in it.‎ ‎10．Disappointed (disappoint) at failing in the math exam, John wouldn’t like to talk about it to his parents.‎ Ⅱ.单句写作 ‎1．Once_lost,_such a chance might never come again.‎ 一旦失去，这样的机会可能永远不会再来了。‎ ‎2．Grown_in_rich_soil,_these seeds can grow fast.‎ 如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子就能长得快。‎ ‎3．Edited_by_three_language_experts,_the dictionary has been popular with readers ever since it came out two years ago. ‎ 由于被三位语言专家编辑，这本字典自从两年前上市以来就一直受到读者欢迎。‎ ‎4．Bathed_in_the_sunshine,_we jumped and cheered with joy. ‎ 沐浴在阳光中，我们高兴得欢呼雀跃。‎ ‎5．Offered_an_important_role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous.‎ 由于别人给他提供了一部新电影里的重要角色，安迪有机会出名了。‎ ‎6．There is clear evidence that children who take music lessons develop a better memory compared_with_those who have no musical training.‎ 这里有明显的证据，与那些没受过音乐训练的孩子相比，上音乐课的孩子有更好的记忆力。‎ ‎7．When exposed_to_stress,_in whatever form, all of us react both mentally and physically.‎ 当暴露在压力之下时，不管以什么形式，我们所有的人都会从精神和身体上作出反应。‎ ‎8．Devoted_to_his_science_research,_he has enjoyed fame all over the world.‎ 由于献身于科学研究事业，他在全世界享有盛名。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎ Farming was once the main way of life in nearly every country. People cannot live __1__ food, and nearly all their food comes from crops and animals __2__ (raise) on farms. Many other materials also come from plants and animals. Now not many people farm for a living any more, but farming __3__ (be) also the most important work in the world.‎ Before __4__ nineteenth century, the typical American family lived on a small farm. They raised pigs, cattle and sheep, and planted corn, fruits and wheat. Everyone worked long and hard, but they hardly got enough food for __5__ (they). This situation began to change during the last half of the 1800’s and it changed __6__ (great) in these years. __7__ (support) by some scientific methods and laborsaving machines, the production of some major crops has increased.‎ Now farming has become __8__ (important) as a way of life than ever before. Today’s successful farmers are not only good at agriculture __9__ at marketing and finance as well. If farmers only know how to grow crops, their farms will have great difficulty __10__ (survive)．‎ 答案：1.without　2.raised　3.is　4.the　5.themselves　6.greatly　7.Supported　8.less important　9.but　10.surviving ‎ ‎ Section_Ⅳ Learning_about_Language_&_Using_Language ‎ ‎ ‎[原文呈现]‎ I HAVE SEEN AMAZING① THINGS My first visit was to a space station considered the most modern in space②. Described③ as an enormous④ round plate, it spins slowly in space to imitate⑤ the pull of the earth’s gravity. Inside was an exhibition of the most uptodate⑥ inventions of the 31st century. A guide (G) showed us around along a moveable⑦ path.‎ ‎[读文清障]‎ ‎①amazing adj.令人惊异的；惊人的 ‎②过去分词短语considered the most modern in space作a space station的后置定语。‎ ‎③过去分词短语Described as ...作状语。‎ ‎④enormous [I'nɔːməs] adj.巨大的；庞大的 ‎⑤imitate ['ImIteIt] vt.模仿；仿造 ‎⑥uptodate adj.最新的；时尚的 up to date最新的；时尚的 out of date过时的 ‎⑦moveable ['muːvəbl] adj.可移动的；活动的 我看到了奇妙的东西 ‎[第1段译文]‎ 我首先参观的是一个太空站，这个站被认为是太空中最现代化的地方。太空站像一个巨大的圆盘，在太空中缓缓地旋转，以模仿地心的引力。太空站里展出了31世纪一些最前沿的发明。有个导游带领我们站在一条移动的运送带上，到各处参观。‎ G：Good morning to all our visitors from 2008.First we’re going to examine one of the latest forms of communication among our space citizens⑧. No more typists⑨ working on a typewriter⑩ or computer！No more postage⑪ or postcodes⑫！ Messages can now be sent using a “thoughtpad”⑬. You place the metal band over your head, clear your mind, press the sending button⑭， think your message and the next instant⑮ it’s sent. It’s stored on the “thoughtpad” of the receiver⑯. It’s quick, efficient⑰ and environmentally friendly⑱. The only limitation is if the user does not think his or her message clearly, an unclear message may be sent.But we cannot blame the tools for the faults of the user, can we?‎ During the explanation I looked at the pair of small objects called “thoughtpads”⑲ on a table.They just looked like metal ribbons⑳. So ordinary but so powerful! While I was observing them, the path moved us on.‎ ‎⑧citizen ['sItIzn] n．公民；居民；市民 ‎⑨typist ['taIpIst] n．打字员 ‎⑩typewriter ['taIpˌraItə] n．打字机 ‎⑪postage ['pəʊstIdʒ] n．邮资 ‎⑫postcode ['pəʊstkəʊd] n．邮政编码 ‎⑬现在分词短语using a “thoughtpad”作方式状语。‎ ‎⑭button ['bʌtn] n．按钮；纽扣 ‎⑮instant ['Instənt] n．瞬间；片刻 adj.立即的；立刻的 ‎⑯receiver [rI'siːvə] n．接受者；接收器；电话听筒 ‎⑰efficient [I'fIʃnt] adj.效率高的；有能力的 ‎⑱environmentally friendly环保的 ‎⑲过去分词短语called “thoughtpads”作后置定语，修饰objects。‎ ‎⑳ribbon ['rIbən] n．丝带；带状物 ‎[第2～3段译文]‎ 导游：从2008年来访的朋友们，早上好！首先，我们要查看一种我们太空居民使用的最新的通讯方式。再也不需要打字员在打字机或电脑上工作了！再也不需要邮费和邮政编码了！现在我们可以通过一种“思想仪”来发送信息。你把金属带放在头上，排除杂念，按下发送按钮，然后想着你要发送的信息，刹那间信息就发出去了。它被存储在接受者的“思想仪”‎ 里。它快捷、高效，而且环保。唯一的缺点是，如果使用者没有想清楚要发送的信息的话，发送出去的信息就可能是模糊的。但我们不能将使用者的这一过错归咎于工具本身，不是吗？‎ 在导游解说之际，我看了看桌子上这副被称为“思想仪”的小东西。它们看上去像金属丝带。如此普通却又如此神通广大！当我还在观察它们时，运送带又载着我们向前移动了。‎ ‎　 G：And now ladies and gentlemen, we are in the “environment area”. People used○21 to collect waste in dustbins○22. Then the rubbish was sent to be buried or burned, am I right? (We nodded.)Well，now there’s a system where○23 the waste is disposed○24 of using the principles of ecology○25. A giant machine，always greedy○26 for more, swallows○27 all the waste available. The rubbish is turned into○28 several grades of useful material○29， such as “fertilizer” for the fields and “soil” for deserts. Nothing is wasted, and everything, even plastic bags, is recycled○30. A great idea, isn’t it?‎ I stared at the moving model of the waste machine, absorbed by its efficiency○31. But again we moved on.‎ ‎○21used to collect waste in dustbins过去常常用垃圾箱收集废物，暗含现在不做了。‎ ‎○22dustbin ['dʌstbIn] n．垃圾箱 ‎○23where至句末为定语从句，修饰a system，其中using至句末为方式状语。‎ ‎○24dispose [dI'spəʊz] vt.布置；安排 dispose of处理；消除；解决 ‎○25ecology [I'kɒlədʒI] n．生态；生态学 ‎○26greedy ['ɡriːdI] adj.贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的 ‎○27swallow ['swɒləʊ] vt.吞下；咽下 ‎○28turn into(使)变成，此处为被动语态。‎ ‎○29material [mə'tIərIəl] n．原料；材料 ‎○30recycle [ˌriː'saIkl] vt.回收利用；再利用 ‎○31efficiency [I'fIʃnsI] n．效率；功效，with efficiency有效地 ‎[第4～5段译文]‎ 导游：女士们，先生们，现在我们到了“环保地带”。人们过去常用垃圾箱收集废弃物，然后这些垃圾会被掩埋或焚烧，对不对？(我们点点头。)那么，现在有一种系统，能利用生态学原理来处理废弃物。一台巨型机器，能把所有可获得的废弃物都吞进去，而且总是贪得无厌。垃圾被转化成几种有用的材料，如用于耕地的“肥料”和用于沙漠的“土壤”。什么都不浪费，所有的东西，哪怕是塑料袋也被循环利用了。绝妙的创意，不是吗？ 我注视着这台转动的垃圾分解机器模型，被它的高效所吸引。但是，我们又开始向前移动了。‎ G：Our third stop shows the changes that have happened to work practices○32. Manufacturing○33 no longer takes place on the earth but on space stations like this one.A group of engineers programme○34 robots to perform○35 tasks in space.The robots produce goods○36 such as drugs, clothes, furniture, hovering carriages, etc○37. There is no waste, no pollution and no environmental damage！However, the companies have to train their representatives○38 to live and work in space settlements○39. They have to monitor○40 the robots and the production.When the goods are ready they’re transported by industrial spaceship back to earth.‎ My mind began to wander○41. What job would I do？My motivation○42 increased ‎ as I thought of the wonderful world of the future○43.‎ ‎○32that至句末为定语从句，修饰the changes。‎ ‎○33manufacture [ˌmænjʊ'fæktʃə] vt.(用机器)大量生产；成批制造，此处为动名词作主语。‎ ‎○34programme vt.(计算机)编程；设计；安排 n．程序 ‎○35perform vt.执行；上演 ‎○36goods [ɡʊdz] n．货物，仅有复数形式，不可用数词直接修饰。‎ ‎○37etc [It'setərə] abbr.诸如此类；等等，etcetera的缩写形式。‎ ‎○38representative [ˌreprI'zentətIv] n．代表；典型人物 adj.典型的；有代表性的 ‎○39settlement ['setlmənt] n．定居；解决 ‎○40monitor vt.监管 n．显示器；班长 ‎○41wander v．游；走神；徘徊 ‎○42motivation [ˌməʊtI'veIʃn] n．动机 ‎○43as I thought of the wonderful world of ...为as引导的时间状语从句。‎ ‎[第6～7段译文]‎ 导游：第三站要展示给我们的是发生在生产实践中的一些变化。批量生产不再在地球上进行，而是转移到了这样的太空站里。在太空中，一组工程师给机器人设计了程序让它们完成工作。机器人生产像药品、衣服、家具和气垫车之类的货物。没有废弃物，没有污染，也没有对环境的危害！但是，这些公司必须训练他们的代表来空间站生活和工作。他们必须监视机器人及其生产。货物生产出来之后，就被工业宇宙飞船运回地球。 ‎ 我的思绪开始漫游。我能做些什么工作呢？当我想到未来世界的美好前景时，我兴趣倍增。‎ ‎ ‎ Step 1　Read the text and answer the following questions.‎ ‎1．What did the writer see on the space station?‎ ‎①a_“thoughtpad”‎ ‎②a_waste_machine ‎③manufacturing_robots ‎2．Why does the space station spin slowly in space?‎ To_imitate_the_pull_of_the_earth’s_gravity.‎ ‎3．Who will take the place of the workers in the 31st century?‎ The_robots.‎ Step 2　Choose the best answers according to the text.‎ ‎1．The most uptodate inventions of the ________ century are on exhibition.‎ A．31st　　　　　　　　　　 B．41st C．21st D．51st ‎2．People in the future communicate with each other by using ________.‎ A．computer B．typewriter C．letters D．a “thoughtpad”‎ ‎3．Rubbish will be dealt with by ________.‎ A．burying it B．burning it C．throwing it away D．a giant machine which can swallow it ‎4．If the user doesn’t think his or her message clearly, ________ may be sent.‎ A．an unclear message B．a right message C．a wrong message D．a useless message ‎5．In the future, there will be no ________ in the wonderful world.‎ A．waste B．pollution C．environmental damage D．all of the above 答案：1～5　ADDAD ‎ ‎ 一、这样记单词 记得准•写得对 记得快•记得多 Ⅰ.基础词汇 ‎1．mud n．　泥(浆)‎ ‎2．desert n. 沙漠；荒原 ‎3．citizen n. 公民；居民；市民 ‎4．button n. 纽扣；按钮 ‎5．swallow vt. 吞下；咽下 ‎6．material n. 原料；材料 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 ‎1．ecology n．生态(学)→ecologist n．生态学家→ecological adj.生态的 ‎2．recycle vt.回收利用；再利用→recycling n．回收利用；回收的物品→recyclable adj.可循环的 ‎3．representative n．代表；典型人物 adj.有代表性的；典型的→represent v．代表 ‎4．settlement n．定居；解决→settle v．定居；解决→settler n．移居者；拓荒者 ‎5．motivation n．动机→motivate vt.激发；激励 ‎6．instant n．瞬间；片刻 adj.立即的；立刻的→instantly adv.立即；马上 1.goods n．货物 ‎[联想]　以s/es结尾的名词集锦 ‎①ashes灰烬　　　　　　②remains遗骸 ‎③arms武器 ④fireworks烟火 ‎⑤thanks感谢 ⑥congratulations祝贺 ‎⑦brains智力 ⑧belongings财产；所有物 ‎⑨surroundings环境 ⑩earnings挣的钱 ‎2．greed n．贪婪；贪心→greedy adj.贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的 ‎[联想]　“n.＋y”构成的形容词荟萃 ‎①rain n．→rainy adj.　　　　下雨的 ‎②snow n．→snowy adj. 下雪的 ‎③wind n．→windy adj. 刮风的 ‎④fun n．→funny adj. 有趣的 ‎⑤guilt n．→guilty adj. 有罪的 ‎⑥health n．→healthy adj. 健康的 ‎⑦luck n．→lucky adj. 幸运的 ‎⑧mud n．→muddy adj. 泥泞的 二、这样记短语 记牢固定短语 多积常用词块 ‎1.on_earth　 究竟 ‎2．speed_up 加速 ‎3．in_space 在太空里 ‎4．show_sb._around/round 带领某人参观 ‎5．blame_sb._for 因……而责怪某人 ‎6．used_to_do 过去常常做某事 ‎7．stare_at 盯；凝视 ‎8．be_absorbed_by 被……所吸引 1.be described as ...　　　　　被描述成……‎ ‎2．the most uptodate inventions 最前沿的发明 ‎3．the sending button 发送按钮 ‎4．be stored on ... 被存储在……‎ ‎5．environmentally friendly 环保的 ‎6．the principles of ecology 生态学原理 ‎7．all the waste available 所有能获得的废弃物 ‎8．space creatures 太空生物 三、这样记句式 先背熟 再悟通 后仿用 ‎1.That is why we persuade families not to lose sight of the advantages that come from a period of time in space.‎ 那就是为什么我们要劝说家人不要忽视在太空工作一段时间所带来的好处。 That is why ...“那就是为什么……”；why在句中引导表语从句。 I read about your reform of the school English newspaper, and that’s_why_I’m_writing_to_voice_my_opinion.‎ 我获悉了你对英语校报的改革方案，那就是为什么我写信发表观点。‎ ‎2.Inside was an exhibition of the most uptodate inventions of the 31st century.‎ 太空站里展出了31世纪一些最前沿的发明。 地点状语放于句首，句子使用全部倒装。 Ahead_sat_an_old_man who told us the stories about the Long March.‎ 坐在前面的是一位老人，他给我们讲述了长征的故事。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1．(教材P20)When we wanted the hovering carriage to speed up, we pressed down hard on the driving pedal and bent over in the direction we wanted to go.‎ 当我们想让气垫车加速时，我们就用力踏驱动踏板，并且向想去的方向俯身。‎ ‎ speed up加速 ‎①Obviously, a good learning habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations.‎ 显而易见，一个好的学习习惯能帮助我们加快我们到达目标的速度。‎ at a speed of ...　　　　　 以……速度 at low/high/top speed 以低速/高速/全速 pick up speed 逐渐加速 ‎②This flight is now heading for Paris at_a_speed_of 1,000 kilometres an hour.‎ 这次飞行现在正以每小时一千公里的速度向巴黎进发。‎ ‎③I began to pick up speed, but suddenly I realized I had forgotten how to stop.‎ 我开始逐渐加速，但我突然意识到我忘了该怎么停下来。‎ ‎④A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience, especially if you are travelling at_high_speed. (2016•浙江高考)‎ 突然停止有时会是很可怕的经历，尤其是你高速行进的时候。‎ ‎[名师点津]　speed的过去式、过去分词有两种形式：speeded, speeded 或sped, sped；speed up的反义短语为slow down“放慢速度”。‎ ‎2．(教材P22)You place the metal band over your head, clear your mind, press the sending button, think your message and the next instant it’s sent.‎ 你把金属带放在头上，排除杂念，按下发送按钮，然后想着你要发送的信息，刹那间信息就发出去了。‎ ‎ instant n．瞬间；片刻 adj.立即的；立刻的 ‎(1)the instant　　　　 一……就……‎ in an instant 立刻 for an instant 顷刻；一瞬间 ‎(2)instantly adv. 立即；即刻 conj. 一……就……‎ ‎①It can provide students with instant feedback, including reports about their strengths and weaknesses.(2015•安徽高考)‎ 它能够给学生提供即时反馈，包括关于他们优势和不足的报告。‎ ‎②The boss wanted the job done in an instant.‎ 老板要求这个工作立刻做完。‎ ‎③I recognized her instantly (instant) I saw her.‎ 我一眼就认出是她。‎ ‎3．(教材P22)A giant machine, always greedy for more, swallows all the waste available.‎ 一台巨型机器，能把所有能获得的废弃物都吞进去，而且总是贪得无厌。‎ ‎ greedy adj.贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的 be greedy for sth.　　　　　　 对……贪婪/渴望 be greedy to do sth. 渴望做某事 be greedy of 贪婪的 ‎①The students are greedy for knowledge.‎ 学生们对知识如饥似渴。‎ ‎②Tom is greedy to_do (do) his homework to have a comfortable holiday.‎ 汤姆急着做家庭作业是为了有一个轻松的假期。‎ ‎③It was greedy of them to take such bribes.‎ 他们收受了那些贿赂，真是贪婪。 ‎ ‎ ‎ That is why we persuade families not to lose sight of the advantages that come from a period of time in space.‎ 那就是为什么我们要劝说家人不要忽视在太空工作一段时间所带来的好处。‎ That/This/It is why ... 表示“那/这就是为什么……”，why 引导表语从句。‎ ‎①That is why fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer.(2015•广东高考)‎ 那就是为什么鱼类喜欢浅水而不是深水的原因——前者更温暖些。‎ It/This/That is because ...　　 　这/那就是因为……‎ The reason why ... is/was that ... ……的原因是……‎ ‎②Maybe it’s because we have seldom sat down and exchanged our feelings and thoughts.‎ 那可能是因为我们很少坐下来交流思想感情。‎ ‎③The reason why he wasn’t admitted into a key university was that his grades were too low.‎ 他没有被重点大学录取的原因是他的分数太低。 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．(2017•全国卷Ⅰ)The instructor kept repeating the words, “Speed up！”“Slow down！”“Turn left！” ‎ ‎2．The instant the president declared the celebration open, the crowd cheered.‎ ‎3．He is addicted to computer games, and that is why he has to drop out of school.‎ ‎4．It is very kind of you to show me around your school.‎ ‎5．The haze (雾霾) happens so frequently that we are greedy to_enjoy (enjoy) the sunshine whenever possible.‎ ‎6．Hearing the dog barking fiercely, away fled the thief.‎ Ⅱ.选词填空 in an instant， stare at， (be) absorbed by， this is because， at a speed of ‎1．How did the accident come about since he drove at_a_speed_of sixty miles per hour?‎ ‎2．In_an_instant,_he took off his coat and jumped into the water to save the drowning boy.‎ ‎3．He has to stay at home. This_is_because he has a bad cold.‎ ‎4．It’s bad manners to stare_at others for a long time.‎ ‎5．Absorbed_by the beauty of Zhangjiajie, she wanted to visit it again the next year.‎ ‎ ‎ 一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高 ‎ ‎[本课语言点针对练习]‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．The programme brought an instant (立刻的) response.‎ ‎2．He looked at the gold with greedy (贪婪的) eyes.‎ ‎3．Learning English requires a lot of motivation (动机); otherwise, one will lose interest in it.‎ ‎4．There is little doubt that recycling (再利用) is good for the environment.‎ ‎5．Jane was soon swallowed (吞没) up in the crowd.‎ ‎6．A tall building was put up where there used to be a desert (沙漠)．‎ ‎7．He is a representative (代表) of a large steel company.‎ ‎8．With the government’s aid, those affected by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements (定居点)．‎ ‎9．A new series of simple English reading materials (材料)for middle school students has come out this year.‎ ‎10．The animal is part of nature. If they were separated from human, we wouldn’t be able to keep the ecology (生态) balance.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．The train picked speed and soon disappeared in my line of sight.picked后加up ‎2．It is so greedy for you to leave none of the cake for everyone else.第一个for→of ‎3．Instant the hero turned up at the meeting, the audience applauded.Instant→Instantly ‎4．The reason why he was absent from the meeting was because he was delayed by the accident.because→that Ⅲ.补全句子 ‎1．They are broadening the bridge to_speed_up the flow of traffic.‎ 他们正在拓宽大桥，以加速车流。‎ ‎2．Please send me an email the_instant/instantly_you_reach_Yunnan.‎ 请你一到云南就给我发电子邮件。‎ ‎3．Mary is_greedy_to_learn more knowledge.‎ 玛丽渴望学习更多的知识。‎ ‎4．The deadline is drawing near. This_is_why we are very busy.‎ 最后期限要到了。这就是为什么我们很忙。‎ ‎[本单元语言点温故练习]‎ Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．This dictionary will look nice when printed (print)．‎ ‎2．Satisfied (satisfy) with what he did, the teacher praised him in class.‎ ‎3．Though warned (warn) of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields.‎ ‎4．Moved (move) by her fans, she said she would work harder.‎ ‎5．Explained (explain) a hundred times, the problem still can’t be understood.‎ ‎6．When exposed (expose) to danger and conflict, men tend to increase blood pressure, feeling (feel) nervous or anxious.‎ ‎7．Devoted (devote) to his scientific work, he has no time to care for his family affairs, which his wife always complains about.‎ ‎8．Written (write) carelessly, your composition is full of mistakes.‎ Ⅱ.补全句子 ‎1．After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane took_up_her_job as a doctor in the countryside.‎ 在一所医科大学就读了五年后，简开始在乡下从事医生工作。‎ ‎2．She has_always_been_surrounded_with/by many fashionable friends.‎ 她周围总有许多爱赶时髦的朋友。‎ ‎3．As taxpayers, they felt that they could no longer tolerate_not_having a say in the government.‎ 作为纳税人，他们对于在政府没有发言权感到难以容忍。‎ ‎4．A diet lacking_in nutritional value will not keep a person healthy.‎ 缺乏营养价值的饮食不能维持人的健康。‎ ‎5．When I looked up, I lost_sight_of the famous actor.‎ 当我抬起头时，已看不见那位著名的演员了。‎ ‎6．Some methods of preserving food are_easy_to_understand.‎ 有些保存食物的方法很容易理解。‎ ‎7．She looks as_though/if_she_were_ten_years_younger.‎ 她看起来好像年轻了10岁。‎ ‎8．There might have been two main reasons contributing_to/leading_to_the_disaster.‎ 也许有两个主要原因导致了这场灾难。‎ 二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧 ‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 Some people are pessimistic (悲观的) when they think about the future. They say that, a hundred years from now, we will have used most of the earth’s resources. We will have polluted our seas badly, and be unable to eat fish from them. We will have made the air so dirty ‎ that we will need to wear masks. The world’s population will have doubled, and we will have used all the countryside for housing; there will be no farmland left.‎ Other people believe that man adapts very easily. They have a different idea of the future. How, in their views, will people be living in a hundred years’ time?‎ One architect (建筑师) believes that man will move off the land. He suggests that the city of the future will be a huge, pyramidshaped (金字塔形的) building, which will be floating on the surface of the sea. About 5,000 families will be living there, and the building will contain shops and schools as well as homes. By living on the sea, we will give farmers more land to grow crops.‎ As for oil, people will no longer need it: we will be heating our homes with power from the sun. And we will not be short of minerals, because there are plenty under our oceans. At the moment, we do not have the technology to get them out. But, in a hundred years’ time, the optimists say, the new sea cities will be using these resources.‎ What will be in the shops in the year 3000? What will people be wearing? How will people be traveling?‎ Scientists who make predictions about the future suggest that, by the year 3000, shops will no longer exist. Computers will have replaced them; and people will order goods from home.‎ People will be wearing very light, thin clothes. By this time, scientists will have invented a fabric (织物) that keeps us cool in hot weather and warm in cold weather.‎ As for travel, the experts say that most people will be using public transport. Electric cars will be traveling through the streets day and night. Anybody will be able to stop one and use it.‎ An interesting picture. Unfortunately, we will not be there to see if these predictions come true.‎ 语篇解读：本文主要介绍了人们对未来生活的不同看法以及人们对未来生活的预测。‎ ‎1．Pessimists believe that in the future ________.‎ A．the seas and oceans will be full of houses B．we’ll have used up all the resources C．we will not have enough fish to eat from the seas D．we will have polluted the air so badly that it will be impossible for us to breathe 解析：选D　细节理解题。由文章第一段的第四句“We will have made ... to wear masks.”可知，悲观的人认为一百年之后，因为空气受到严重污染，人们必须要戴着面具，故D项正确。A项是一位建筑师的假想，不符合题干要求；B项应为大部分资源被用完而非全部；C项应为海水因受到污染导致鱼不能食用，故排除。‎ ‎2．Optimists suggest that in the future ________.‎ A．all the land will be too polluted to be cropped on B．pyramids will be most commonlyused houses C．people will be using the power from the sun instead of oil D．we will be short of materials even though we get them from under the oceans 解析：选C　细节理解题。由文章第四段第一句可知，人们将不再使用石油，而是利用太阳能来取暖。其他选项与原文不符。‎ ‎3．Scientists have made the predictions EXCEPT ________.‎ A．electric cars will be going along the streets continuously B．the resources under the oceans will never be used up C．people will order goods from home D．people won’t suffer from cold any longer 解析：选B　细节理解题。文章最后四段是科学家的推测。倒数第二段第二句提到日夜运作的电车；倒数第四段末句提到人们将在家中订购物品；倒数第三段末句提到新发明的织物会使我们觉得冬暖夏凉；只有B项文中未提及。‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 I take the train to work every morning. There is rubbish thrown away everywhere in the railway station, __1__ terrible smell is more than I can put up with. So I always try to rush through it. The other day I was trying to do so as usual __2__ something made me stop for a moment. I saw the most beautiful act of __3__ old lady walking in front of me. ‎ ‎__4__ (support) by a white stick, the old lady was walking slowly as each step took some effort. She stopped near a rubbish bin and slowly placed her walking stick against it. With great __5__ (difficult) she bent down, picked up some rubbish with her left hand and threw it inside the bin. __6__ all took her great effort.‎ I __7__ (move) to see this old woman make such a great effort to keep even a small part of it clean! I couldn’t stop __8__ (think) about that all day.‎ I want to follow her example. I hope people will do the same as I do. If everyone makes contributions __9__ protecting the environment, there will be less pollution and the world will become __10__ (clean) and more beautiful.‎ 语篇解读：火车站有很多垃圾，一直没有人捡。一天作者看到一位老人很吃力地在捡垃圾，深受感动，决定向她学习。‎ ‎1．whose　此处是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词rubbish, whose在从句中作定语。‎ ‎2．when　句型sb. was doing sth. when ...意思是“某人正在做某事，这时……”。‎ ‎3．an　an old lady此处意思是“一位老太太”。‎ ‎4．Supported　Supported by a white stick是过去分词短语作状语，分词动作support与逻辑主语the old lady之间是动宾关系。‎ ‎5．difficulty　空格中所填单词在句中作介词with的宾语，需用difficult的名词形式。‎ ‎6．It　It指代前面老太太做的事。‎ ‎7．was moved　作者是被感动的，且发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态。‎ ‎8．thinking　couldn’t stop doing sth.意为“情不自禁做某事”，符合语境。‎ ‎9．to　make contributions to...是习惯搭配，意思是“为……做贡献”。‎ ‎10．cleaner　由该句中后面and more beautiful可知，这里的clean也应该用比较级形式。‎ Section_Ⅴ Writing—_描述未来生活 ‎ ‎ 一、写作技巧 对未来生活的描述属于记叙文，以描写为主。‎ 未来生活的变化是方方面面的，在叙述过程中，我们可以从多个方面着手，把未来生活发生的变化有序地写下来；或者只选择某一个领域，着重介绍一下该领域的变化；也可以根据表达的需要截取某一个片段或想象的生活场景，通过生动细致的描绘，反映未来生活的变化。‎ 二、增分佳句 ‎1．What life will be like in the future?‎ ‎2．With the development of ..., our life ...‎ ‎3．My life in the future will be ...‎ ‎4．I think my life will be very different in ... years.‎ ‎5．It’s possible to predict ...‎ ‎6．People in the future will be able to ...‎ ‎7．I hope I’ll work in ...‎ ‎8．I’ll be able to work from home.‎ ‎9．In my free time/On my holidays, I’ll ...‎ ‎10．It will be more comfortable, more computerized and more convenient ...‎ ‎11．As ... is/are invented, it is possible to ...‎ ‎12．In a word, life in the future will be ...‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[题目要求]‎ ‎10年后我们的生活将会是什么样的？根据以下内容，通过合理想象，用英语写一篇100词左右的短文来展望未来的生活。‎ 要点：‎ ‎1．有些人到月球上度假。‎ ‎2．某些科学家在海底生活。‎ ‎3．孩子可以在家通过因特网接受教育。‎ ‎4．机器人为你做家务。‎ 第一步：审题构思很关键 一、审题 ‎1．确定体裁：本文为想象类作文；‎ ‎2．确定人称：本文的主要人称应为第三人称；‎ ‎3．确定时态：主要使用一般将来时。‎ 二、构思 第一部分，以对未来生活的向往引入话题。‎ 第二部分，从到月球上度假，在海底生活，通过因特网接受教育，机器人做家务等四个方面详细介绍未来生活模式。‎ 第三部分，对未来生活的期盼和向往。‎ 第二步：核心词汇想周全 ‎1．dream_about/of　　　　　　 梦想……‎ ‎2．go_to_the_moon_for_a_holiday 去月球度假 ‎3．live_under_the_sea 在海底生活 ‎4．needn’t_go_to_school 没有必要去学校 ‎5．study_at_home 在家中学习 ‎6．come_true 变成现实 第三步：由词扩句雏形现 ‎1．或许有些人会去月球上度假。(主谓结构)‎ Perhaps_some_people_will_go_to_the_moon_for_a_holiday.‎ ‎2．某些科学家将在海底生活。(主谓结构)‎ Some_scientists_will_live_under_the_sea.‎ ‎3．网上有充足的教育资源。 (There be句型；将来时)‎ There’ll_be_plenty_of_educational_programmes_on_the_Internet.‎ ‎4．孩子没有必要天天去学校。(主谓结构)‎ Children_needn’t_go_to_school_every_day.‎ ‎5．他们可以在家中学习。(主谓结构)‎ They_can_study_at_home.‎ ‎6．或许将来每个家庭会有机器人。(主谓宾结构)‎ Maybe_in_the_future_each_family_will_have_a_robot.‎ ‎7．它们可以做它们被告诉的一切，如购物、做家务等。(主谓宾结构；whatever引导的宾语从句；such as举例说明)‎ They_can_do_whatever_they_are_told_to,_such_as_shopping,_housework.‎ 第四步：句式升级造亮点 ‎1．用连词and连接句1、2‎ Perhaps_some_people_will_go_to_the_moon_for_a_holiday,_and_some_scientists_will_live_under_the_sea.‎ ‎2．用with的复合结构改写句3，然后和句4合并成一个简单句 With_plenty_of_educational_programmes_on_the_Internet，children_needn’t_go_to school_every_day.‎ ‎3．用as a result连接升级后的句3、4和句5‎ With_plenty_of_educational_programmes_on_the_Internet，children_needn’t_go_to_school every_day;_as_a_result,_they_can_study_at_home.‎ ‎4．以句6为主句，然后用which引导的定语从句改写句7‎ Maybe_in_the_future_each_family_will_have_a_robot,_which_can_do_whatever_they_are_told_to,_such_as_shopping，housework._‎ 第五步：过渡衔接联成篇 I_am_always_dreaming_about_life_in_the_future._What_on_earth_will_it_be_like?‎ Perhaps_some_people_will_go_to_the_moon_for_a_holiday,_and_some_scientists_will_live_under_the_sea._With_plenty_of_educational_programmes_on_the_Internet,_children_needn’t_go to_school_every_day;_as_a_result,_they_can_study_at_home._Maybe_in_the_future_each_family_will_have_a_robot,_which_can_do_whatever_they_are_told_to,_such_as_shopping，housework._‎ I_do_believe_the_dream_will_come_true_some_day.‎ I took up a job in a company previously.However, for lack of experience, I couldn’t tolerate the pressure; as a result, I lost the job.I was uncertain what I could do next.At that time a bad idea swept up to me constantly that I wanted to die.I realized I had slid into a hard time when I couldn’t make an adjustment by myself.One day, a story on the Internet made a strong impression on me when I was at first sight of it, which was about a disabled girl.She said, “Although I am disabled, I am still grateful to everything, as they make my life colorful. I believe I can always find the settlement to everything however difficult the trouble is.So I am optimistic.”‎ Those words refreshed me in an instant.It guided me to a new life.‎ 我先前在一个公司从事一项工作。然而由于缺乏经验，我无法忍受压力，结果我失业了。我不确定我下一步能做什么。在那时，一个想去死的糟糕念头不断地在我脑海里闪现。我意识到我已经不知不觉地陷入到一个艰难的时期，我不能自己去做出调整。一天，当我第一次看到网上的一则关于一个残疾女孩的故事时，它给我留下了深刻的印象。她说道：“虽然我残疾了，我仍然对一切事物充满感激，因为它们让我的生活丰富多彩。我相信总是能够找到一切事情的解决方法，不管有多么困难。所以我很乐观。”‎ 这些话使我瞬间振作起来。它指引我走向新的人生。‎ ‎ ‎ 加餐练(一)　完形阅读组合练 Ⅰ.完形填空 Emily was a very big fan of animals when she was a child. As a result, all she ever heard about growing up was “Emily, you should be a __1__. You’re going to be great in that field. That’s what you should do.” __2__ when she got to the Ohio State University, she took biology, anatomy, and chemistry, and started studying to be a vet.‎ A Rotary Ambassadorial Scholarship allowed her to spend her __3__ year studying abroad in Manchester, England. Away from the family and __4__ from them, she found herself one day sitting at her desk, surrounded by biology books and staring out the window, when it suddenly hit her: “I’m in total __5__. I don’t want to be a vet！”‎ ‎__6__ she thought back over all the things she’d done in her life and what had made her happy. And then it hit her — it was all of the youth leadership conferences that she had volunteered __7__， and the communications and leadership courses she had taken as elective courses back at Ohio State. “How could I have been so __8__？ Here I am in my fourth year at school and just finally realizing I’m on the __9__ path. I just never took the time to __10__ it until now，” she thought.‎ Inspired by her new __11__， Emily spent the rest of her year in England taking courses in communications and media studies. When __12__ to Ohio State, she was eventually able to __13__ the administration to let her create her own program in “leadership studies”， __14__ it took her 2 years longer to finally graduate. She __15__ to become a senior management consultant in leadership training and development for the Pentagon. She __16__ founded a drugprevention organization that __17__ the message “Lead your own life with the skill and the __18__ to say no.”‎ So, never live someone else’s __19__. If you limit your __20__ only to what seems possible or reasonable, you disconnect yourself from what you truly want.‎ 语篇解读：我们应该如何去选择未来的生活道路呢？按照别人认为很合理的道路走，还是找到自己喜欢的一条路走？埃米莉自己的经历给了我们答案。‎ ‎1． A.surgeon　　　　　　　 B．doctor C．vet D．nurse 解析：选C　surgeon意为“外科医生”；doctor意为“医生”；vet意为“兽医”；nurse意为“护士”。根据第一句“Emily was a very big fan of animals ...”和第一段最后的“and started studying to be a vet”可知此处表示：你应该成为一名兽医，故C项正确。‎ ‎2． A.For B．But C．Or D．So 解析：选D　根据上下句之间的因果关系可知此处意为“于是(so)在上大学时她选择了这些专业”。‎ ‎3． A.usual B．final C．first D．past 解析：选B　usual意为“通常的；平常的”；final意为“最后的；最终的”；first意为“最初的”；past意为“过去的”。根据后文第9空前的“my fourth year at school”可知她现在是在大学的第四年，也就是最后一年：final year，故B项正确。‎ ‎4． A.routine B．warning C．pressure D．complaint 解析：选C　routine意为“日常工作；例行公事”；warning意为“警告”；pressure意为“压力”；complaint意为“抱怨；投诉”。根据情景可知此处表示离开了家人也离开了他们在学习上给她的压力，故C项正确。‎ ‎5． A.misery B．silence C．confidence D．surprise 解析：选A　句意：我现在生活在深深的痛苦之中，我不想成为一名兽医。misery意为“痛苦；悲惨；不幸”；silence意为“沉默；寂静”；confidence意为“自信；自信心”；surprise意为“惊讶；惊喜”。根据上下文情景可知：现在她才明白自己真正想要做的事情是什么，这几年一直在按照别人的意志去拼搏努力，因此认为自己的生活是非常悲惨和痛苦的，故A项正确。‎ ‎6． A.Perhaps B．Then C．Instead D．Often 解析：选B　句意：接下来她回想这些年来自己做的事情，哪些事情是真的让自己感到幸福的。perhaps意为“或许”；then意为“然后”；instead意为“代替”；often意为“经常；通常”。根据上下文的意思可知此处应该选then。‎ ‎7． A.of B．with C．at D．on 解析：选C　volunteer at意为“在……中充当志愿者”，为固定短语，故C项正确。‎ ‎8． A.innocent B．intelligent C．intellectual D．ignorant 解析：选D　innocent意为“无辜的；无罪的”；intelligent意为“聪明的；聪慧的”；intellectual意为“智力的”；ignorant意为“无知的；愚昧的”。根据下句中的“and just finally realizing ...”可知此处表达她到现在才明白自己原来是无知的，故D项正确。‎ ‎9． A.wrong B．clear C．short D．wide 解析：选A　现在自己才明白应该做什么，以前自己走的是一条错误的道路：a wrong path。‎ ‎10．A.include B．accomplish C．acknowledge D．criticize 解析：选C　include意为“包含；包括”；accomplish意为“完成”；acknowledge意为“认可；承认；认识到”；criticize意为“批评”。根据句意可知此处表示在此之前她都没有时间来认识这一点。故C项正确。‎ ‎11．A.discovery B．understanding C．information D．research 解析：选B　discovery意为“发现”；understanding意为“理解”；information意为“信息”；research意为“研究；调查”。根据上文的描述可知：Emily对自己的生活产生了新的理解和认识，决定了今后的奋斗方向，故B项正确。‎ ‎12．A.relating B．referring C．returning D．responding 解析：选C　relate to意为“与……有关”；refer to意为“参考；涉及”；return to意为“回到”；respond to意为“响应；对……作出反应”。此处指Emily又回到了美国，所以return to符合语境。‎ ‎13．A.prepare B．force C．forbid D．convince 解析：选D　prepare意为“准备”；force意为“强迫”；forbid意为“禁止；阻止”；convince意为“说服；使信服”。根据此空后的“let her create her own program”可知此处表示她说服了学校的管理部门让她创办自己的“领导艺术研究”项目，故D项正确。‎ ‎14．A.as B．though C．once D．if 解析：选B　根据句意可知此处表示尽管这样做使她多用了两年的时间才大学毕业。故用though引导让步状语从句。‎ ‎15．A.hesitated B. failed C．retired D．continued 解析：选D　hesitate意为“犹豫”；fail意为“失败”；retire意为“退休”；continue意为“继续”。此空后的“become a senior management consultant in leadership training”和上句中的“leadership studies”相呼应，故此处表示她大学毕业后继续所做的事，故D项正确。‎ ‎16．A.still B．also C．again D．only 解析：选B　此处承接上文的创办项目，表示除了继续从事自己的事业外，她还(also)成立了一个禁毒组织，故B项正确。‎ ‎17．A.leaves B．conveys C．comments D．acquires 解析：选B　leave意为“离开”；convey意为“表达；传达”；comment意为“发表评论；发表意见”；acquire意为“获得；取得”。根据句意可知，此处表示该组织向人们传达的信息是“凭自己的本领去生活，要有说’不’的意志”，convey the message意为“传递/表达信息”，符合语境。‎ ‎18．A.will B．chance C．fact D．pride 解析：选A　will意为“意志力”；chance意为“机会”；fact意为“事实”；pride意为“自豪”。根据第17题的解析可知此处应该是：告诉人们自己要有对错误说“不”的意志力(will)。‎ ‎19．A.promises B．requests C．successes D．dreams 解析：选D　句意：所以，不要为了别人的梦想而活着。promise意为“允诺；承诺”；request意为“请求；需要”；success意为“成功”；dream意为“梦想；愿望”。根据第一段的描述可知：Emily周围的人都希望她成为一名兽医，但是通过自己这些年的拼搏和思考终于明白了——不能为了别人的梦想活着，故D项符合语境。‎ ‎20．A.smiles B．reasons C．choices D．mistakes 解析：选C　句意：假如你的选择仅限于似乎可能或合理的范围内，你将远离自己的真心。smile意为“微笑”；reason意为“原因”；choice意为“选择”；mistake意为“错误”。根据语义可知C项正确。‎ Ⅱ.阅读理解 Some people are like homing pigeons: Drop them off anywhere, and they’ll find their way around. Other people，though, can’t tell when they’re holding a map upside down. Are the directionally challenged just bad learners?‎ Not all of your navigational (导航的) skills are learned.Research shows that your sense of direction is innate. An innate ability is something you are born with. Your brain has special navigational neurons — headdirection cells, place cells, and grid cells (网格细胞) — and they help program your inside compass (指南针) when you’re just a baby.‎ In 2010, scientists carried out an experiment to study baby rats’ neural activity in their brains. Although the rats were newborns, the researchers discovered that their headdirection cells (which help them recognize the direction they’re facing) were ‎ fully grown and developed. The rats, it seemed, were born with a sense of direction. And they hadn’t even opened their eyes yet!‎ Humans, of course, are not rats. But the hippocampus — the brain area we use for navigation — is similar in most mammals (哺乳动物). If the rat’s compass develops this way, then it’s likely that a human’s compass does, too.‎ If we’re born with a sense of direction, then why are some people so good at getting lost? The scientists found that the two other cells — place and grid cells — developed within the first month.Place cells are thought to help us form a map in our mind, while grid cells help us navigate new and unfamiliar places. The two cells work together, and that’s where the trouble might be.‎ People who took part in a 2013 study played a video game that required them to travel quickly between different places. Monitoring (监测) their brains, the scientists found that grid cells helped the gamers recognize where they were — even without landmarks. According to researcher Michael Kahana, differences in how grid cells work may help explain why some people have a better sense of direction than others.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家发现，有些人方向感好是因为他们的网格细胞更加发达。‎ ‎1．What did the 2010 research find?‎ A．Rats have a natural ability to recognize directions.‎ B．Rats’ hippocampus is different from that of humans.‎ C．Rats usually find their way without opening their eyes.‎ D．Baby rats have as many headdirection cells as grownups.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The rats, it seemed, were born with a sense of direction.”可知，老鼠天生就有辨别方向的能力。‎ ‎2．What do we know about our navigational neurons?‎ A．Place cells let us know how to read a map.‎ B．Grid cells help us reach the place we are going to.‎ C．They help us use a compass when we lose our way.‎ D．Place and grid cells grow later than headdirection cells.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Although the rats were newborns，the researchers discovered that their headdirection cells ... were fully grown and developed.”和第五段中的“the two other cells — place and grid cells — developed within the first month”可知，位置和网格细胞的生长迟于头向细胞的生长。 ‎ ‎3．Why are some people so good at getting lost?‎ A．They can’t remember landmarks.‎ B．Their grid cells can’t work very well.‎ C．They are unfamiliar with new places.‎ D．Their ability to follow directions is poor.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段末句“The two cells work together, and that’s where the trouble might be”和最后一段中的“grid cells helped the gamers recognize where they were — even without landmarks, differences in how grid cells work may help explain why some people have a better sense of direction than others”可推测，有些人容易迷路是因为他们的网格细胞工作得不理想。‎ ‎4．What is the text mainly about?‎ A．Human navigational skills.‎ B．The compass in rats’ body.‎ C．Why grid cells are useful.‎ D．How homing pigeons work.‎ 解析：选A　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了为什么人类辨别方向的能力有所不同。‎ 加餐练(二)　主观题规范增分练 Ⅰ.语法填空 Once a farmer lost his watch in his barn, in which lots of grain was kept. The watch, __1__ was a gift from his father, was very important to him and he was determined to find it.‎ After searching the barn for a long time, however, he gave up and asked for help from a group of children who were playing nearby. He promised to give a great reward to __2__ found the watch.‎ ‎__3__ (hear) this, the children hurried inside the barn immediately. __4__ searched everywhere but still could not find the watch buried in the grain. The farmer was about to give up __5__ a little boy went up to him and asked to be given __6__ second chance.‎ The farmer looked at him and thought, “Why not? After all, this kid looks honest.”‎ So the farmer sent the little boy back into the barn. After a while the little boy came out __7__ the watch in his hand! The farmer, __8__ (surprise) but happy, asked the boy how he succeeded where the rest had failed.‎ The boy replied, “I did nothing but __9__ (sit) quietly and listen for the sound of the watch.”‎ This shows us that sometimes a peaceful mind can think __10__ (well) than an excited one.‎ 语篇解读：一个小男孩凭借冷静的头脑，帮农夫在谷仓里找到了遗失的手表。‎ ‎1．which　此处是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The watch，关系代词which在从句中作主语。‎ ‎2．whoever　whoever引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语，故用主格。‎ ‎3．Hearing　Hearing this是现在分词短语作状语，逻辑主语the children与分词动作hear之间是主动关系。‎ ‎4．They　此处用They代指前文中提到的the children。‎ ‎5．when　句型“sb. was about to do sth. when ...”表示“某人正要做某事，这时……”。‎ ‎6．a　“a＋序数词”表示“又；再；还”。‎ ‎7．with　with the watch in his hand是“with＋复合宾语”结构，在句中作状语。‎ ‎8．surprised　surprised but happy为形容词作状语。‎ ‎9．sit　本空考查do nothing but do的用法。‎ ‎10．better　空格后than有提示，此空填well的比较级better。‎ Ⅱ.短文改错 Anne is my best friend in high school. Honest and friendly, she gets along well to other students. She always lend a helping hand until someone needs help. Anne is as old as me but tall than me. Basketball is her favorite sport though she is girl. Because ‎ Anne studies very hard, so she often gets high grades in exams. I’m not good at English, so he often helps me with my English after school. With her help, I have made great progresses in English. And I also help her as many as I can. I hope our friendship will last as long as we lived.‎ 答案：第二句：to→with 第三句：lend→lends; until→if 第四句：tall→taller 第五句：girl前加a 第六句：去掉so 第七句：he→she 第八句：progresses→progress 第九句：many→much 第十句：lived→live Ⅲ.书面表达 假定你是李华。某英文报社正在举行题为“畅想科技未来：你心中的2050”的征文活动，鼓励同学们想象科技将如何改变生活、工作和休闲方式。请根据你的畅想用英语写一篇短文。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右(开头已为你写好，但不计入总词数)；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Can you imagine how science and technology will change our life in 2050?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 参考范文：‎ Can you imagine how science and technology will change our life in 2050?‎ With science and technology used in every aspect of life at that time, we’ll live in a greener world with trees, birds, flowers, blue skies and sunshine. And we’ll be able to arrange things like meals, bathing and sleep with our smart phones. Robots will be able to do most of the housework for us.‎ As for work, we’ll mostly work at home, communicating ideas for work online. If necessary, we’ll have video meetings with our partners around the world.‎ During our free time, we’ll be able to travel to places of interest in new vehicles like flying cars. We’ll even enjoy space trips to the moon and other planets.‎ ‎ ‎ 第一部分　听力　(满分30分，限时20分钟)‎ 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)‎ 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1．What are the speakers talking about?‎ A．How the man became a driver.‎ B．How the man had the accident.‎ C．How the man bought the ticket.‎ ‎2．What does the man suggest the woman do?‎ A．Repair the old TV set.‎ B．Buy a new TV set.‎ C．Keep the old TV set.‎ ‎3．How many people failed in the first interview?‎ A．4.　　　　　　B．12.　　　　　C．16.‎ ‎4．How will the guests go to the airport?‎ A．By car. B．By bus. C．By taxi.‎ ‎5．Where will the man go?‎ A．To the theatre.‎ B．To the library.‎ C．To the church.‎ 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。‎ ‎6．When did Dr. R. Sun plan to check out?‎ A．On January 7th.‎ B．On January 14th.‎ C．On January 21st.‎ ‎7．What does the man want to do?‎ A．Book a room.‎ B．Cancel a booking.‎ C．Change a booking.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。‎ ‎8．How did the man know Dr. Carter’s office?‎ A．He found it on the Internet.‎ B．He saw it himself.‎ C．His friend recommended it.‎ ‎9．When will the man meet Dr. Carter?‎ A．At 7：30 am, Tuesday.‎ B．At 4：00 pm, Wednesday.‎ C．At 8：00 am, Thursday.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。‎ ‎10．What does the man think of flower arranging?‎ A．Boring. B．Useful. C．Interesting.‎ ‎11．Why doesn’t the man want to take photography?‎ A．It lasts too long.‎ B．It’s expensive.‎ C．It looks boring.‎ ‎12．What course will the woman take?‎ A．Indian cooking.‎ B．Flower arranging.‎ C．Web design.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。‎ ‎13．Why does Jack say he had better stay at home?‎ A．He has got a fever.‎ B．He has to write his paper.‎ C．He doesn’t like the party.‎ ‎14．What day is it today?‎ A．Wednesday. B．Thursday. C．Friday.‎ ‎15．Why won’t Jack lend his car to Anne?‎ A．He will use it.‎ B．He has lent it to someone else.‎ C．Anne hasn’t got a driver’s license.‎ ‎16．What did Jack finally decide to do?‎ A．Go to the party.‎ B．Drive Anne to the party.‎ C．Call a taxi for Anne.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17．What won’t you find in Albert Einstein’s wardrobe?‎ A．Ties. B．Gloves. C．Socks.‎ ‎18．What did Einstein usually eat in the morning?‎ A．Pancakes.‎ B．Cabbage soup.‎ C．Strawberry ice cream.‎ ‎19．Where will the company open the Fame Hotel next year?‎ A．In London.‎ B．In New York.‎ C．In Paris.‎ ‎20．Which room does the speaker wish to stay in?‎ A．Albert Einstein’s.‎ B．Elvis Presley’s.‎ C．Winston Churchill’s.‎ 答案：1～5　BBBCB　6～10　CBBCA ‎11～15　BABAC　16～20　BCBBC 听力材料 ‎(Text 1)‎ W：I don’t understand how you got a ticket. I thought you were a careful driver.‎ M：I usually am, but I thought I could get through the crossing before the lights turned red. I was driving too fast so I hit a car.‎ ‎(Text 2)‎ W：Can you tell me how much it costs to repair the TV set?‎ M：Well, the set is very old. It’ll cost about 100 pounds. However, a new one may cost you 120 pounds more or less. So it’s not worth repairing.‎ ‎(Text 3)‎ W：How many people are they interviewing?‎ M：They interviewed sixteen the first time, and now four of us were chosen to go back for the second interview.‎ W：I hope it goes well. Good luck. I hope you can get the job.‎ ‎(Text 4)‎ M：The guests are leaving for New York today on the 11 o’clock flight. It’s too late. So there will be no bus then. We need someone to get them to the airport on time.‎ W：I’d be happy to, but my car is under repair now.‎ M：In that case, we have to call a taxi.‎ ‎(Text 5)‎ W：Mary and I are going to the concert. Do you want to come, too?‎ M：Sorry, but I’m meeting Jane. She’s writing an article and she has asked me to help collect materials for it.‎ W：An article? About what?‎ M：Oh, just old churches. Anyway, I’ll see her at the library at half past two.‎ ‎(Text 6)‎ W：Sunshine Hotel, may I help you?‎ M：Yes, I’m phoning up because I have booked a room for an overseas visitor who won’t be able to come now and so I’ll have to cancel it, I’m afraid.‎ W：What is the name, please?‎ M：It was a double room booked in the name of Dr. R. Sun from January 14th, for a week.‎ W：Ah, yes, I’ve got it. And now you want to change the booking, do you?‎ M：I wish I could, but it now appears that he won’t be able to come at all.‎ W：Well, sir, I’ll cancel it then. I hope we can help you some other time.‎ ‎(Text 7)‎ W：Dr. Carter’s Office.‎ M：I’d like to make an appointment with Dr. Carter, please.‎ W：Okay. Could I have your name please?‎ M：Yes. My name is Ronald Schuller.‎ W：And may I ask who referred you to our office?‎ M：Uh, I drove past your office yesterday and I saw your number.‎ W：Okay. How about the day after tomorrow on Wednesday at 4 o’clock?‎ M：Uh. Do you happen to have an opening in the morning? I usually pick up my kids from school around that time.‎ W：Okay. How about Tuesday or Thursday at 8：00 am?‎ M：Can it be earlier, like 7：30?‎ W：No. I’m sorry.‎ M：Well, in that case, Thursday would be fine.‎ ‎(Text 8)‎ W：Look! Here is the information about the evening courses.‎ M：Flower arranging. That’s a real course? Why would someone want to do that?‎ W：You watch TV for 3 hours every Saturday and many people find that boring too.‎ M：OK, relax. Let’s see what else is there.‎ W：Photography. That looks interesting.‎ M：But look at the price. I don’t think I can afford it. Web design is pretty cheap. What do you think?‎ W：I don’t want to work on the computer in the evening.‎ M：Hey, look, how about Indian cooking? It starts this week. A little bit expensive.‎ W：You know how much I love Indian food. I’ll call them tomorrow to see if they want new students.‎ M：OK.‎ ‎(Text 9)‎ W：Hey, Jack. Are you going to the party in town tonight?‎ M：No, I’d better stay at home.‎ W：Why? It is your favorite.‎ M：Well ... no.‎ W：Jack, are you yourself? What has happened? Are you having a fever?‎ M：Not really. It’s all because of my professor. We were asked to turn in a paper on Friday morning, but I haven’t started writing even a single word.‎ W：Why didn’t you write it?‎ M：I was very busy these days. I had been preparing for my English exam all the time, so I had no time.‎ W：Oh, come on. I think you should have a good rest. Let’s enjoy this free Wednesday night.‎ M：Anne, listen, I really can’t.‎ W：Are you serious?‎ M：Yes, you know it means a lot to me.‎ W：OK, I understand. I will go by myself. Could you lend me your car, please?‎ M：But you don’t have a driver’s license.‎ W：Who cares?‎ M：Well, well, Anne. I am going to drive you there and you can call a taxi when the party is over.‎ W：All right.‎ ‎(Text 10)‎ ‎(M) What would your life be like if you were Albert Einstein? What clothes would be in your wardrobe if you were Madonna? Well now you can discover the answer to all these questions at the Fame Hotel in California.‎ When you enter the room, you enter the life of a famous person. The owner of the hotel has tried to fill the room with objects, clothes, even food that he thinks the stars would have liked. Madonna’s wardrobe is full of beautiful white dresses; Albert Einstein doesn’t have any socks in his wardrobe because he never wore them! I spoke to one guest staying in the Elvis Presley room. “I love this hotel，” he said to me. “I wanted to know what Elvis Presley would eat for breakfast and now I know.” That guest eats pancakes and strawberry ice cream every morning, just as Elvis liked to do. On the next table, the Einstein room’s guest is eating cabbage soup! The company plans to open another Fame Hotel in New York next year and there are plans to ‎ expand into Europe too. I look forward to staying in the Winston Churchill suite in London!‎ 第二部分　阅读理解　(满分40分，限时35分钟)‎ 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Cycling lovers from across the country identify the best routes the UK has to offer.‎ Oisin Sands Editor of sportive.com Route：‎ Rostrevor to Carlingford, County Down (3042 miles) ‎ ‎“My favourite bike ride would start in Rostrevor, County Down, where I grew up，” says Oisin Sands.‎ The ride takes in some breathtaking views on the way to the pretty harbour town of Carlingford. From Carlingford, head back to Newry. Or save on tired legs by taking the ferry from Omeath on the south side to Warrenpoint in the summer, and cycling the short distance back to the start.‎ Kirsty Ho Fat Cycle journalist Route：‎ Hadrian’s Cycleway, Ravenglass to South Shields (174 miles)‎ This route follows the length of Hadrian’s Wall and takes in coastal views and oldfashioned market towns.‎ ‎“The ride weaves through the dramatic countryside of the North, my homeland, before finishing in South Shields，” says Kirsty, who in 2012 completed a 4,000mile ride around the coast of Britain with her father.‎ Helen Curry National Cycle Network project officer Route: Union Canal, Linlithgow to the Falkirk Wheel (12 miles)‎ This flat journey along the Scottish branch of the Union Canal is a favourite with Helen Curry.‎ ‎“Follow the towpath (拉船路) along the northern bank of the canal and cross the River Avon，” says Helen. “You’ll pass the impressive ruins of Almond Castle.”‎ At over 2,000 feet long, you’ll be cycling through Scotland’s longest canal tunnel.‎ Kristian House ‎2009 National Road Race Champion Route：Middlewich Loop (55 miles)‎ ‎“This is a shorter loop I do when I’m not training, starting and finishing in Middlewich，”says racing cyclist Kristian House.‎ This hilly route isn’t for the fainthearted (胆怯的)．‎ This stretch climbs 670 feet and offers some wonderful views, including your first sight of Britain’s secondhighest pub.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文，文章介绍了几位骑行爱好者推荐的英国最好的骑行路线。‎ ‎21．Which ride is the longest?‎ A．Middlewich Loop.‎ B．Hadrian’s Cycleway.‎ C．Rostrevor to Carlingford.‎ D．Union Canal, Linlithgow to the Falkirk Wheel.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。由各路线介绍中括号内的英里数可知，Hadrian’s Cycleway(哈德良自行车道)是四条路线中最长的。‎ ‎22．Who is a professional cyclist?‎ A．Oisin Sands.　　　　　　 B．Helen Curry.‎ C．Kirsty Ho Fat. D．Kristian House.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。由对四位爱好者的介绍及最后一部分的training和racing cyclist可知，Kristian House是一位职业骑行者。‎ ‎23．What do the four routes have in common?‎ A．They are all hilly.‎ B．They all provide wonderful views.‎ C．They all go around the coast of Britain.‎ D．They are all suitable for beginner cyclists.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。由第一部分的“takes in some breathtaking views”； 第二部分的“takes in coastal views and oldfashioned market towns”和“dramatic countryside”；第三部分的“pass the impressive ruins of Almond Castle”以及第四部分的“offers some wonderful views”可知，这四条路线的共同点是沿途风景优美。‎ B I order most of my foods and other things online and the store delivers them for a very small fee. The fee is much less than what I used to spend traveling to a store and home and trying to get everything I bought up to my apartment. Most importantly, the goods are cheaper.‎ For the past couple of months, my receipt (收据) has included another receipt. That receipt can give some money off the price of gas at a local gas station. That is to say, with the receipt, you can pay less when you fill your car up with gas. Through this past weekend, I have collected 12 of these receipts. Each receipt can help to save 6 cents or 7 cents each litre if you buy up to 75 litres. This is pretty sweet.‎ I don’t have a car. So today I took all the receipts to my company and gave them to my coworkers. It was fun. We ended up talking about the kinds of cars they had and how much this could save them on a fillup. They even told me they could give me a ride to some place if I needed one.‎ I felt relieved that I was able to give them all away. The deadline (截止日期) on them is at the end of next month and I wanted to make sure they would all be used.‎ There are 13 happy people from this exchange — the 12 I gave receipts to, and me.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者在网上购物获得了12张汽油优惠券。她自己没有汽车，就把优惠券送给了12位同事。‎ ‎24．What does the author think of shopping online?‎ A．It saves much money.‎ B．It wastes too much effort.‎ C．It will replace shopping in stores.‎ D．It is very popular with young people.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第一段的“... a very small fee ... the goods are cheaper”可知，作者从网上订购大部分生活用品，东西便宜，运费也少，能省钱。‎ ‎25．What did the author receive besides the ordered goods?‎ A．Free gas. B．One receipt.‎ C．Two receipts. D．Some money.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段的“For the past couple of months, my receipt (收据) has included another receipt.”可知，作者网购时会收到两张收据。‎ ‎26．After receiving the receipt, the coworkers ________.‎ A．lent their cars to the author B．gave the author some money C．offered to give the author lifts D．showed their cars to the author 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段的“They even told me they could give me a ride to some place if I needed one.”可知，拿到这些收据，同事们提出可以让作者搭顺风车。‎ ‎27．How did the author feel after giving away receipts?‎ A．Proud. B．Regretful.‎ C．Worried. D．Pleased.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“There are 13 happy people from this exchange ...”可知，把优惠券送出去之后作者感到很高兴。‎ C From selfdriving cars to carebots for elderly people, rapid development in technology has long represented a possible threat to many jobs normally performed by people. But experts now believe that almost 50 percent of occupations existing today will be completely unnecessary by 2025 as artificial intelligence continues to change businesses.‎ ‎“The next fifteen years will see a revolution in how we work, and a revolution will necessarily take place in how we plan and think about workplaces，” said Peter Andrew, Director of Workplace Strategy for CBRE Asia Pacific.‎ A growing number of jobs in the future will require creative intelligence, social skills and the ability to use artificial intelligence.‎ The report is based on interviews with 200 experts, business leaders and young people from Asia Pacific, Europe and North America. It shows that in the US technology already destroys more jobs than it creates.‎ But the report states: “Losing occupations does not necessarily mean losing jobs — just changing what people do.” Growth in new jobs could occur as much, according to the research.‎ ‎“The growth of 20 to 40 person companies that have the speed and technological knowhow will directly challenge big companies，” it states.‎ A 2014 report by Pew Research found 52 percent of experts in artificial intelligence and robotics were optimistic about the future and believed there would still be enough jobs in the next few years. The optimists pictured “a future in which robots do not take the place of more jobs than they create，” according to Aaron Smith, the report’‎ s coauthor.‎ ‎“Technology will continue to affect jobs, but more jobs seem likely to be created. Although there have always been unemployed people, when we reached a few billion people there were billions of jobs. There is no shortage of things that need to be done and that will not change，” Microsoft’s Jonathan Grudin told researchers.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。人工智能改变商业结构，专家称约一半的职业到2025年将会消失。‎ ‎28．We can infer from the text that in the future ________.‎ A．people will face many difficulties B．people will take up more creative jobs C．artificial intelligence will threaten people’s lives D．most jobs will be done in traditional workplaces 解析：选B　推理判断题。由第二段中的“The next fifteen years will see a revolution in how we work ... think about workplaces”以及第三段的描述可知，未来人们需要从事更具有创造性的工作。‎ ‎29．According to the report, ________.‎ A．people won’t necessarily lose jobs B．big companies will face fewer challenges C．small companies will win against big companies D．most people will become interested in technology 解析：选A　细节理解题。由第五段中的“Losing occupations does not necessarily mean losing jobs — just changing what people do.”可知，职业消失并不必然意味着工作丢失——它仅仅改变了人们做的事情。‎ ‎30．What is the attitude of most experts in artificial intelligence and robotics to the future?‎ A．Mixed. B．Worried.‎ C．Hopeful. D．Doubtful.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“52 percent of experts in artificial intelligence and robotics were optimistic about the future”和“The optimists pictured ’a future in which robots do not take the place of more jobs than they create’”可知，大多数人工智能和机器人领域的专家对未来持乐观态度。‎ ‎31．Jonathan Grudin’s words in the last paragraph suggest that ________.‎ A．there will be enough jobs for people B．things will change a lot in a few years C．many people will become unemployed D．technology will totally change future jobs 解析：选A　推理判断题。由最后一段中的“more jobs seem likely to be created ... when we reached a few billion people there were billions of jobs”可知，微软公司的Jonathan Grudin认为，更多的工作会被创造出来，人们会有足够的就业机会。‎ D Ladybug celebrates its twentyfifth anniversary this month. For twentyfive years, the magazine has been trying to reflect the world of young children — and make it a little broader — through stories, poetry, art and various activities.‎ Each issue of this magazine encourages kids to take a closer look at the people and ‎ places around them. Ladybug invites children to bring their whole selves — an acute ear for languages and a keen eye for illustrations (插图), as well as a wonderful sense of play and great power of imagination — when they sit down and start to put their heart into reading.‎ The significance of Ladybug’s long history is clearest to me as the editor, when I talk to parents of grown children. They often respond with surprise“Ladybug? We used to read that magazine when the kids were little.” And then there is a moment of silence, as if the father is searching for a particular poem, or the mother is remembering the feel of a restless child’s head when it finally settled against her shoulder. It is a great pleasure to contribute to a magazine that families remember with affection.‎ Some anniversaries are formal, but at Ladybug, we approach the September issue as if it were a birthday party, which is full of jokes, music, stories and poems in order to celebrate the special day and growing up.‎ In this spirit, we now offer one of our favorite birthday stories, “Big Bear and Skinny Rabbit”， from an issue that came out a few years ago. It is part of a series about two friends who couldn’t be more different in temperament (性情), yet more perfect for one another.‎ 语篇解读：本文为一篇说明文。Ladybug是一款适合儿童的故事阅读类杂志，今年是它创刊二十五周年。‎ ‎32．During the past 25 years, Ladybug has ________.‎ A．been free for children B．been published weekly C．provided useful information for children D．encouraged parents to accompany their children 解析：选C　细节理解题。由第二段的第一句可知，Ladybug对儿童的启蒙非常有益，故选C。‎ ‎33．What can be concluded from Para. 3 ?‎ A．Many parents have a great love for Ladybug.‎ B．Most children read Ladybug before going to bed.‎ C．More contents are expected to be added to Ladybug.‎ D．Most parents worry about the development of Ladybug.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。由第三段的最后两句可知，许多父母经常给孩子们讲Ladybug中的故事，他们对这份杂志也有独特的情怀，故选A。‎ ‎34．What will probably be talked about following the last paragraph?‎ A．A collection of poems.‎ B．A story published before.‎ C．The new issue of Ladybug.‎ D．An introduction of Ladybug’s birthday.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。由最后一段的第一句可推知，作者在接下来的段落中将分享一个以前出版过的故事。‎ ‎35．The purpose of this text is to ________.‎ A．offer guidance on how to read Ladybug B．celebrate the 25th anniversary of Ladybug C．inform children of the influence of Ladybug D．introduce the contents of the September issue 解析：选B　写作意图题。综合第一段的第一句、第四段以及最后一段的第一句可推知，本文的目的是庆祝Ladybug创刊二十五周年。‎ 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ When he was a teenager, Hunter Adams was very unhappy, and he spent many years in the 1960s and 1970s in a special hospital for people with mental health problems.‎ When he left hospital, Adams decided to become a doctor, so he went to Medical School in Virginia, USA. __36__ For example, he didn’t like the doctors’ white coats, so he wore shirts with flowers on them when he visited his patients, and he tried to make them laugh. The doctors at the medical school didn’t like Adams very much because he was too different.‎ ‎__37__ He saw unhappy and lonely people, and he tried to help them as patients, but as people too. He spent a lot of time with children in the hospital, and often put a special red nose on his face to look like a clown and to make the children laugh.‎ When he finished medical school and became a doctor, Adams opened his own hospital, called “The Gesundheit Institute！”， together with some other doctors. __38__‎ Hunter Adams became famous during the 1980s, and in 1998, Universal Pictures made a film about his life. __39__ In the film (called Patch Adams), Robin Williams played Adams. Williams said, “Hunter is a really warm person, who believes that patients need a doctor who’s a friend. __40__”‎ A．I enjoyed playing him.‎ B．It was very successful.‎ C．He finally gave up his studies.‎ D．Adams succeeded in persuading other patients.‎ E．But when he was there, he did things in a different way.‎ F．But Adams believed that people in hospital need more than medicine.‎ G．They wanted it to be a place with a different way of working with sick people.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了让微笑绽放在病房的小丑医生Hunter Adams。‎ ‎36．选E　E项中的“he did things in a different way”与下文列举的“he didn’t like the doctors’ white coats, so he wore shirts with flowers on them”相呼应。‎ ‎37．选F　根据下文Hunter Adams装成小丑给医院的孩子们带来快乐可知，他认为病人需要的不只是药品。‎ ‎38．选G　G项中的“a place”指上文Hunter Adams成立的医院“The Gesundheit! Institute”。‎ ‎39．选B　本段是对Patch Adams这部电影的介绍与评价，B项符合语境。‎ ‎40．选A　Robin Williams在电影Patch Adams中饰演了Hunter Adams，根据他对Hunter Adams的评价a really warm person可知，Williams喜欢扮演他。‎ 第三部分　语言知识运用　(满分45分，限时30分钟)‎ 第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ The world always makes way for the dreamer.‎ When I was twelve years old, my father took me to see Zig Ziglar. I remember sitting in that dark hall listening to Mr. Ziglar __41__ everyone’s spirits up to the ceiling. I __42__ there feeling like I could do anything. When we got to the car, I turned to my father and said, “Dad, I want to __43__ people feel like that.” My father asked me __44__ I meant. “I want to be a motivational speaker just like Mr. Ziglar，” I replied. A(n) __45__ was born.‎ Recently, I began seeking my dream of motivating others. __46__ a fouryear relationship with Fortune 100 Company __47__ as a salestrainer and ending as a regional (地区的) sales manager, I left the company at the height of my __48__. Many people were __49__ that I would leave after earning a sixfigure income. And they wondered __50__ I would risk everything for a dream.‎ I made my __51__ to start my own company and leave my worryingless position after __52__ a regional sales meeting. The vicepresident of our company made a __53__ that changed my life. He asked us, “If a god would offer you three wishes, what would they be？” After giving us a(n) __54__ to write down the three wishes, he then asked us, “Why do you need a __55__？” I would never forget the power I felt at that moment. I realized that __56__ I had accomplished in the past had prepared me for this moment. I was ready and didn’t need a god’s help to become a motivational speaker. A motivational speaker was __57__.‎ Having made that decision, I was immediately __58__. One week after I gave notice, my husband was laid off from his job, and now we had no __59__. But I held fast to my dream. The wonder really began to happen. In a short time my husband found a better job. And I was able to book several __60__ engagements with new customers. I discovered the unbelievable power of dreams.‎ 语篇解读：本文讲的是作者放弃了优越的工作，只为实现童年的梦想。也许，就像作者说的，这个世界真的永远属于勇于追梦的人！‎ ‎41．A.rise　　　　　　　　 B．do C．put D．raise 解析：选D　句意：我记得当时坐在礼堂里，听着齐格勒先生的演讲，他把每个人都说得精神高涨、跃跃欲试。raise sb.’s spirits意为“使振奋；使鼓起勇气”，该短语在句中作listen to的宾语补足语，即listen to sb. do sth.结构。‎ ‎42．A.left B．came C．arrived D．reached 解析：选A　根据下一句“When we got to the car”可推断此处表示：离开那儿的时候，我觉得自己好像已经无所不能了，故A项正确。‎ ‎43．A.get B．hope C．make D．cheer 解析：选C　根据第44空后的“I want to be a motivational speaker just like Mr. Ziglar”可知此句表示：我想让人们产生那样的感觉。使役动词make后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，即：make sb. do sth.，意为“使某人做某事”，符合句意。故C项正确。‎ ‎44．A.that B．what C．which D．if 解析：选B　分析句子成分后可知，此处ask后接的是宾语从句，从句中mean后缺少宾语，故用what引导，意为“什么”。故B项正确。‎ ‎45．A.dream B．idea C．girl D．speaker 解析：选A　根据下一段首句“Recently, I began seeking my dream ...”的提示可知此处表示一个梦想诞生了，故A项正确。‎ ‎46．A.After B．Before C．Because D．While 解析：选A　句意：我在一家财富100强公司工作了四年，从一个销售培训人员做到地区销售经理，在我事业达到巅峰时我离开了这家公司。根据语义可知此处用after引导时间状语从句。故A项正确。‎ ‎47．A.beginning B．working C．acting D．regarding 解析：选A　根据此空后的“and ending as a regional (地区的) sales manager”可知此处为beginning as“以……开始”，故A项正确。‎ ‎48．A.life B．love C．money D．career 解析：选D　根据上半句中提到的作者是地区的销售经理，故可推断此处表示她处于事业的巅峰，故D项正确。‎ ‎49．A.disappointed B．moved C．surprised D．delighted 解析：选C　disappointed意为“失望的”；moved意为“感动的”；surprised意为“吃惊的”；delighted意为“高兴的”。根据此空后的“... after earning a sixfigure income”可知收入都达到六位数了却选择离开，当然是令人惊讶的，故C项正确。‎ ‎50．A.when B．why C．if D．how 解析：选B　根据句意“他们想知道为什么我会为了一个梦想而去冒险”可知此处用why引导宾语从句。故B项正确。‎ ‎51．A.plan B．promise C．decision D．mind 解析：选C　句意：我是在参加了一次地区销售会议后，才决定离开自己的安全港湾，去开创自己的公司。make a decision意为“作出决定”，符合语境。根据下段中“Having made that decision, I was immediately __58__.”也可知答案。故C项正确。‎ ‎52．A.attending B．joining C．entering D．holding 解析：选A　根据句意可知，此处意为“参加地区销售会议”，表示参加会议、典礼、上课、听报告等都要用attend, enter for意为“报名参加某项比赛”；hold a meeting意为“召开会议”，这里不符合句意。故A项正确。‎ ‎53．A.newspaper B．book C．report D．speech 解析：选D　句意：公司的副总裁在会议上发表了演说，从而改变了我的人生。make a speech意为“作演讲”，故D项正确。‎ ‎54．A.day B．instance C．week D．moment 解析：选D　根据上文的问题可推断此处表示他给了我们片刻的时间写下三个愿望，moment“时刻；片刻”，故D项正确。‎ ‎55．A.love B．worker C．god D．company 解析：选C　根据上句中“If a god would offer ...”可知他问我们：如果神能满足你三个愿望，那你希望得到什么？因此，这里应与他之前的提问相呼应：你们为什么需要神(来帮助自己)呢？故C项正确。下文56空后“I was ready and didn’t need a god’s help”也有提示。‎ ‎56．A.everything B．anything C．nothing D．something 解析：选A　句意：我意识到过去自己所做的一切都是为这一刻做好准备。根据句意可知此处everything正确。‎ ‎57．A.alive B．dead C．missing D．born 解析：选D　根据上文“我准备好了，我不需要神的帮助，我要成为一个能鼓舞人心的演说者。”可知，这里指一个演说者诞生了，故D项正确。‎ ‎58．A.examined B．searched C．found D．tested 解析：选D　examine意为“检查”；search意为“寻找”；find意为“发现”；test意为“试验；考验”。根据下句中 “... my husband was laid off from his job”提到丈夫失业了，故这里指“我”刚下定决心，就经受了考验，故D项正确。‎ ‎59．A.help B．harm C．income D．money 解析：选C　此处指：我刚辞职，丈夫就失业了，我们一份收入都没有了。家里一分钱都没有不符合常理，故不能选择money。‎ ‎60．A.selling B．speaking C．writing D．listening 解析：选B　根据句意可知，此处表示：我也开始有新客户预约演说，故B项正确。此外根据上文的“a motivational speaker”提示也可知这是与演说有关的。‎ 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ In the early 1900s, a new kind of music, jazz, was born in New Orleans. Most jazz pioneers were black，___61__ soon many white musicians played jazz, too. The __62__ (popular) of this music spread. By the 1920s, there were many jazz musicians, both black and white, of whom Louis Armstrong was___63__ (well) known than the rest.‎ Louis Armstrong was __64__ born musician. Not only was he __65__ (talent), he was also hardworking. Besides, he had a good sense of humor and a big, goodnatured smile. These personal __66__ (quality) were valuable in his rise to fame. After he became famous, he traveled around the world. __67__ seemed that everyone wanted to hear him play. But life was not always easy, especially at the beginning.‎ Louis Armstrong was born in a poor family in 1900 in New Orleans. When Louis was ‎ still a kid, his parents got separated, and Louis __68__ (live) with his mother. How hard their life was can __69__ (imagine). And yet Louis smiled through everything __70__ happened to him. He later wrote, “My life is happy. Whatever happened has been beautiful to me. I love everybody.”‎ 语篇解读：本文讲述了爵士乐诞生、发展并被人们广为熟知的过程，以及音乐家Louis Armstrong是怎样一步步走向成功的。‎ ‎61．and　根据语境可知，前后句之间存在并列关系，故用and连接。‎ ‎62．popularity　空格中所填单词在句中作主语，故用popular的名词形式。‎ ‎63．better　由句中than ...可知，这里应该用well的比较级。‎ ‎64．a　这里意思是“Louis Armstrong是一位天生的音乐家”，故用不定冠词a。‎ ‎65．talented　此处描述人，故用形容词talented，意思是“有天赋的”。‎ ‎66．qualities　由本空前的these和空后的were可知应用名词的复数形式。‎ ‎67．It　句型It seems that ... 意思是“好像……”，其中It作形式主语。‎ ‎68．lived　这里说的是过去发生的事，用一般过去时。‎ ‎69．be imagined　本句的主语从句与imagine为动宾关系，而且本空前有情态动词can，故填be imagined。‎ ‎70．that　关系代词that指代先行词everything，引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。‎ 第四部分　写作　(满分35分，限时35分钟)‎ 第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Last week, I went out with my family for the meal in a restaurant. The food is not very good though. For my first course, I chose a dish calling “Cook’s special”， turned out to be a kind of pizza. Generally, I enjoyed fast food, and this meal was quite disappointed because it wasn’t very tasty. The rest of my families didn’t enjoy their food very much either. Personal, I think we would have enjoyed us more if we’d cooked a meal at home. After all, we always have had plenty of food in the fridge.‎ 答案：第一句：the→a 第二句：is→was 第三句：calling→called; turned前加which 第四句：and→but; disappointed→disappointing 第五句：families→family 第六句：Personal→Personally; us→ourselves 第七句：去掉had 第二节：书面表达(满分25分)‎ 你们班将举办以“未来的生活”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请根据下列要点和你的想象写一篇演讲稿。‎ ‎1．工作；　2.出行；　3.环境。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3．开头和结束语已为你写好，但不计入总词数。‎ Good afternoon, boys and girls!‎ I’d like to share with you my opinion about future life. 　‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ That’s all. Thank you for your listening.‎ 参考范文：‎ Good afternoon, boys and girls!‎ I’d like to share with you my opinion about future life. With the development of science and technology, life will be greatly different in the future.‎ First, people will be able to do almost everything at home. They’ll just need to give some simple instructions and robots will complete the tasks. Second, each family will have a flying machine. They’ll be able to travel everywhere, even to the moon or somewhere under the sea. Third, our environment will be much better than now, because some effective measures will be taken to protect it. There will be no pollution, no rubbish, etc. The earth will become a big beautiful garden.‎ I believe people’s lives will be much easier in the future.‎ That’s all. Thank you for your listening.‎